iosr-JDMS   Volume-15 ~ Issue-11 ~ November-2016

Abstract: Cell and tissue differentiation in the developing gastrointestinal tract during the embryonic period is carried out through complex intercellular signaling. Common biological signaling pathways between the differentiating tissues such as BMP, Hedgehog, PDGF, TGF-β, and Wnt signaling have been ascertained. The participation of enteroendocrine cells and their hormones in these processes is only hypothetical. The studies on enteroendocrine cells in the prenatal period is related mainly to the time of their occurrence. Links between hormonal production of enteroendocrine cells and tissue differentiation, which in adults express receptors for their hormones, have not been traced.

Keywords: human embryos, gastrointestinal tract, enteroendcrine cells, ghrelin, GHSR-1

[1]. Albarrán-Zeckler RG, Smith RG. The ghrelin receptors (GHS-R1a and GHS-R1b). Endocr Dev. 2013;25:5-15.
[2]. Andralojc KM, Mercalli A, Nowak KW, Albarello L, Calcagno R, Luzi L, Bonifacio E, Doglioni C, Piemonti L. Ghrelin-producing epsilon cells in the developing and adult human pancreas. Diabetologia. 2009;52(3):486-93
[3]. Ariyasu H, Takaya K, Tagami T, Ogawa Y, Hosoda K, Kamizu T, et al. Stomach is a major source of circulating ghrelin, and feeding state determines plasma ghrelin-like immunoreactivity levels in humans. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2001;86:4753–8.
[4]. Asakawa A, Inui A, Kaga T, Yuzuriha H, Nagata T, Uen N, Makino S, Fujimiya M, Niijima A, Fujino M, Kasuga M. Ghrelin is an appetite-stimulatory signal from stomach with structural resemblance to motilin. Gastroenterology. 2001;120(2):337–345.
[5]. Bellone S, Rapa A, Vivenza D, Vercellotti A, Petri A, Radetti G, Bellone J, Broglio F, Ghigo E, Bona G. Circulating ghrelin levels in the newborn are positively associated with gestational age. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 2004; 60(5):613-7..

Abstract: Objectives : To analyze the demographic and clinical aspects of otitis external. Materials and Methods: Retrospective study over a period of 2 years (January, 2014 to December, 2015 ), 3258 patients with external otitis were managed in the department of ENT , Burdwan Medical College & Hospital, Burdwan. Results: Otitis Externa commonly occurs in the age group from 21 to 30 years (22.52%) with a male predominence. Common ways of presentations are Itching (90.6%), Ear discharge (81%) and earache (67%) and tragal tenderness (83.6%). Pseudomonas aeruginosa (58%) is the commonest pathogenic organism isolated. Conclusion : External otitis is a common public health problem that is often neglected by people and should be treated at the earliest, otherwise will lead to affect the quality of life.

Keywords: Otitis externa, External otitis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa

[1]. Rowlands S, Devalia H, Smith C, Hubbard R, Dean A. Otitis externa in UK general practice: a survey using the UK General Practice Research Database. Br J Gen Pract. 2001;5(468):533–8.
[2]. Bojrab DI, Bruderly T, Abdulrazzak Y. Otitis externa. Otolaryngol Clin North Am. 1996;29(5):761–82.
[3]. Hawke M, Wong J, Krajden S. Clinical and micrbiological features of otitis externa. J Otolaryngol. 1984;13(5):289–95
[4]. Sundstrom J, Jacobson K, Mnck-Wikland E, Ringertz S. Pseudomonas aeruginosa in otitis externa. A particular variety of bacteria? Archives of otolaryngology-Head neck Surgery.1996;122:833-6
[5]. Roland PS, Stroman DW. Microbiology of acute otitis externa. Laryngoscope. 2002;112(7):1166–77..

Abstract: Objectives: To study the pattern and frequency of clinical presentation of CSVT, and its incidence In CT scan, MRI and MR Venogram studies. To correlate imaging CT studies of brain, plain and contrast, with MR Venogram in cerebral venous sinus thrombosis.
Methodology: Clinically suspected 40 patients of CSVT fulfilling the study criteria, were subjected to neuroimaging techniques, and data collected was analyzed by correlational studies. Results: Of the 40 patients, 19 (48%) were females and 21 (52%) were males, and the mean age was 32.1 years, with maximum incidence of 60% in age group 18-30 years. Most common symptoms were headache 72.5%, seizures 65%, focal deficits 45%, altered sensorium 47.5% and mode of presentation was acute in 50% cases. Radiologically most common sinus involved was superior sagittal sinus 70%. 2 patients died during hospitalization. Out of the survived patients 28 patients (70%) had complete recovery..

Keywords:Cerebral venous thrombosis, Clinical manifestations, Radiological findings, anticoagulation, acute stroke..

[1]. M. Shah, N. Agarwal, N.B. Gala, C.J. Prestigiacomo, C.D. Gandh. Management of Dural Venous Sinus Thrombosis in Pregnancy.
EJVES Short Reports, July 2014Volume 27, Issue 5, Pages e41–e42.
[2]. Bousser MG. Cerebral venous thrombosis: nothing, heparin or local thrombolysis. Stroke,1999;30:481–3.
[3]. Lath R, Kumar S, Reddy R, Boola GR, Ray A, Prabhakar S, Ranjan A. decompressive surgery for severe cerebral venous sinus
thrombosis. Neurol India 2010;58:392-7.

[4]. Sofia E. Thorel, Adrian R. Parry-Jones, Martin Punter, Robert Hurford, Jecko Thachil. Cerebral venous thrombosis—A primer for
the haematologist. Blood Reviews 29 (2015) 45–50.
[5]. Ameri A, Bousser MG. Cerebral venous thrombosis. NeurolClin, 1992. 10:87–111..

Abstract: Nutritional support of patient is an integral component of critical care. Intravenous infusion of high calories and therefore high osmolar substrates require central venous catheterization which carries the risk of septic thrombotic and mechanical complications. Hence a certain renaissance in early postoperative enternal nutrition has occurred. Established fact that small bowel motility and absorption remain functionally intact despite laparotomy or stress, makes the jejunostomy tube placement most popular technique for enteral feeding.In our study cost benefit ananlysis of feeding jejunostomy was done as in comparision to parenteral nutrition.. Total saving was `2,97,563 (25 patients) as compared to similar amount of calories delivered through parenteral route. Maximum cost benefit was derived in those patients, who were given feed for more than 15 days.

Keywords:Cost benefit , Feeding jejunostomy,kehr"s T tube,

[1]. McArdle AH, Palmason C, Morency I, Brown RA. (1981) Rationale for enteral feeding as the preferable rate for hyperalimentation. Surgery; 90(4):616-623.
[2]. Kenneth A Kudsk, Martin A Croce. Enteral versus parenteral feeding. Effect on septic morbidity after blunt and penetrating abdominal trauma. Ann Surg 1992; 503-513.
[3]. Jesus Tapia, Ricardo Murguia, Gabnel Garcia (June 1999) Jejunostomy: Techniques, Indications, and complications. World J Surgery; 23:596-602.
[4]. Date RS, Clements WD, Gilliland R(2004) Feeding jejunostomy: Is there enough evidence to justify its routine use? Dig Surg 21(2):142-5.

[5]. Paul A Thodiyil, Nabil S, Robin CN, Williamson (May2004) T tube jejunostomy feeding after pancreatic surgery: A safe adjunct. Asian Journal of Surg.;27(2):80-84

Abstract: Aim : To study the effects of n-acetyl cysteine on hepatic function during isoflurane anaesthesia .Material and methods : ASA I and II patients between 18-60 yrs scheduled for elective laparoscopic surgery under general anaethesia were eligible for the study. 60 patients were randomized into two groups.In a randomized manner 30 patients were given N-acetyl cysteine 150mg/kg in 250 ml 0.9% normal saline(Group N) while 30 patients received only 250 ml of 0.9% normal saline before induction.Group N received 12.5mg/kg/hr of N-acetyl cysteine throughout the operation. These parameters observed in preoperative period, postoperative 1st hr and postoperative 24th hr from peripheral venous blood are Serum bilirubin,Aspartate aminotransferase ,Alanine aminotransferase ,Lactate dehydrogenase ,Prothrombin time

[1]. Serbulant Gokhan Beyaz,Birgul Yelken,Gungon- The Effects Of N-Acetylcysteine On Hepatic Function During Isoflurane Anaesthesia For Laparoscopic Surgery Patients Indian Journal of Anaesthesia / vol 55 / Issue 6 / Nov-Dec 2011

[2]. Tomoki Nishiyama -Journal of anaesthesiology,Clinical pharmacology 2013 Jan-Mar 29(1) Effects of repeat exposure to inhalation anesthetics on liver and renal function.

[3]. L. Q. Yang, K. M. Tao, C. W. Cheung, Y. T. Liu, Y. Tao, F. X. Wu and W. F. Yu- Journal of association of anaesthetists of Great Britain and Ireland. Anaesthesia, 2010, 65, pages 1094–1100.

[4]. A. Tomasi, S. Billing ,A. Garner, T.F. Slater ,E. Albano- The metabolism of halothane by hepatocytes: A comparison between free radical spin trapping and lipid peroxidation in relation to cell damage

[5]. Bernard JM, Doursout MF, Woulters P, Hartley CJ, Merin RG, Chelly JE. Effects of sevoflurane and isoflurane on hepatic circulation in the chronically instrumented dog. Anesthesiology.1992;77:541–5.

Abstract: The role of newly identified two subpopulations of helper T cells and closely related - regulatory T cell [Treg; positive forkhead box P3 (Foxp3)], and Th17 cells [interleukin-17-positive (IL-17)] - specifically in periodontal disease and gingivitis has yet to be clarified. The aim of the study was to identify polymorphic variants in the promoter region of the Foxp3 gene and IL-17A their possible association with gingivitis in 141 women. Foxp3 and IL-17 polymorphisms of genes were analyzed using the method length polymorphism reaction-restriction fragment polymerase chain (FRLP) and degrees. DNA samples were obtained from peripheral blood. Comparison of the distributions of genotypes and alleles of rs3761549 and rs2275913 polymorphisms showed no statistically significant differences between groups with different degrees of gingivitis. However, there was an association between gingival index and the presence of the C allele in Foxp3 polymorphism (rs3761549).........

Keywords: Foxp3, Gingivitis, Interleukin-17, Periodontal diseases, Polymorphism Genetic)

[1]. R.V. Opperman, P. Weidlich and M.L. Musskopf, Periodontal disease and systemic complications, Brazilian Oral Research, 26 (1), 2012, 39-47.
[2]. G.C. Armitage GC. Development of a Classification System for Periodontal Diseases and Conditions, Annals of Periodontology, 4 (1), 1999, 1-6.
[3]. J. Lindhe J, N. Lang and T. Karring. Tratado de Periodontia Clínica e Implantologia Oral. 5 ed. (Rio de Janeiro-RJ: Guanabara Koogan; 2011).
[4]. J. Highfield, Diagnosis and classification of periodontal disease, Australian Dental Journal, 54 (1), 2009, 11-26.
[5]. N.P. Lang, M. A. Schätzle and H. Löe, Gingivitis as a risk factor in periodontal disease, Journal of Clinical Periodontology, 36, 2009, 3-8..

Abstract: Purpose: To compare the Intra Ocular Pressure (IOP) measurements obtained by Applanation Tonometer (AT)& Rebound Tonometer (RT). Methods: The Central Corneal Thickness (CCT) corrected IOP of 100 eyes were measured using first with RT (I Care) followed by AT (GAT). Results were compared statistically using Bland –Altman plot & Deming's regression analysis.........

Keywords: Applanation tonometer, Rebound tonometer, Intraocular pressure.

[1]. Stamper RL,Lieberman MF.Drake MV.Clinical diagnosis of Glaucoma.In Stamper RL editors.Becker-Shaffer's diagnosis and
therapy of glaucoma.8th ed.Elsevier 2009;160-65.
[2]. Alligham RR,Damji KF,Freedman S,Moroi SE,Rhee DJ.Intraocular pressure and tonometery.In Alligham RR editors.Sheilds text
book of Glaucoma.6th ed.Lippincott Williams & Wilkins 2011;29-35.
[3]. Suman S, Agrawal A, Pal V K, Pratap V B. Rebound Tonometer: Ideal Tonometer for Measurement of Accurate Intraocular
Pressure. Journal of Glaucoma 2014; 23(9):633-637.
[4]. Rao A, Kumar M, Prakash B, Varshney G. Relationship of Central Corneal Thickness and Intraocular Pressure by Icare Rebound
Tonometer. J Glaucoma 2014; 23: 380–384.
[5]. Jablonski K.S, Rosentreter A, Gaki S, Lappas A, Dietlein T.S. Clinical Use of a New Position-independent Rebound Tonometer. J
Glaucoma 2013; 22: 763–767.

Abstract: The core of treatment for alcoholism requires relapse prevention. Relapse Prevention model proposed by Marlatt and Gordon suggests that both immediate determinants and covert antecedents contribute to relapse.We conducted a study to compare the relapse precipitants among abstinent and relapsed individuals with alcohol dependence.Sample consisted of 40 patients, who were divided into two groups.Study tools were a semi structured interview containing socio demographic variables, clinical profile and the relapse precipitants.The results of the present study showed that clinical and psychosocial variables were associated with relapse among patients with alcohol dependence.The study revealed that greater number of previous relapses and positive family history of substance use and number of hospitalisations were significant determinants of relapse.The relapse precipitants profile showed that patients who had relapsed were more likely to have exposed to high number of high risk situations.The study concludes the importance of assessment of relapse precipitants in alcohol deaddiction.

Keywords:abstinent, alcoholism, deaddiction, dependence, precipitants, relapse.

[1]. Isaac, M. (1998) India. In: Grant, M., ed.Alcohol and EmergingMarkets: Patterns, Problems and Responses, pp. 145–175. Philadelphia: Brunner/Mazel.
[2]. Sundaram, K. R., Mohan, D., Advani, G. B., Sharma, H. K. & Bajaj, J. S. (1984) Alcohol abuse in a rural community in India: Part I: Epidemiological study. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 14, 27–36.
[3]. Larimer ME, Palmer RS, Marlatt GA. Relapse prevention. An overview of Marlatt's cognitive-behavioral model. Alcohol Res Health 1999; 23: 151-60.

[4]. Mattoo SK, Chakraborti S, Anjaiah M. Psychosocial factors associated with relapse in men with alcohol or opioid dependence. Indian J Med Res. 2009; 130:702–8.
[5]. Malhotra S, Malhotra S, Basu D. A comparison of the beliefs of Indian alcohol-dependent patients and their close family members on their reasons for relapse. Addiction. 1999 May; 94(5):709–71

Abstract: Background: Osteoarthritis is the most common form of arthritis and a leading cause of chronic disability, to a great extent in knee and/or hip joints. The objective was to study the efficacy of arthroscopic lavage and debridement in providing a symptomatic and temporary relief to the symptoms of primary osteoarthritis of the knee. Materials and Methods: Patients were selected from Orthopedic Out Patient Department, were subjected to the said procedure in OSMANIA GENERAL HOSPITAL from November-2013 to October -2015, on a sample size of 50 knees.

Keywords: Osteo-arthritis, Lavage, Debridement

[1]. Heine. J .: (1926) Uber die Arthritis deformans. Virch. Arch. 260: 605-612.
[2]. Global Economic and Health Care Burden of Musculoskeletal Disease.:2001, World Health Organization,
www.boneandjointdecade.org.
[3]. M.S.Burman, Harry Finkelstein and Leo Mayer.: J Bone Joint Surgery Am1934; 16:255-268.

[4]. Bird HA, Ring.: Therapeutic value of arthroscopy. Ann Rheum Dis 1978;37:78-9.
[5]. Gross DE, Brenner SL, Esformes I, Gross ML.: Arthroscopic treatment of degenerative joint disease of the knee. Orthopedics 1991,
14:1317-1321..

Abstract: Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare salivary calcium (Ca) level in smokers and non-smokers . Materials and Methods: 140 subjects were included in the study and were grouped as follows: The study group consisted of 80 subjects group I (tobacco smoking users), 60 subjects group II (non tobacco smoking users). Clinical measurements and non-stimulated whole saliva samples were obtained and analyzed for Ca levels by ion-selective electrolyte analyzer

Keywords: Calcium, smokers,non smokers, saliva.

[1]. Preeti Kambalyal, Prabhuraj Kambalyal,1 and Shital Hungund. Comparison of salivary calcium level in smokers and non-smokers with chronic periodontitis, aggressive periodontitis, and healthy controls. Int Soc Prev Community Dent. 2015 Dec; 5(Suppl 2): S68–S73
[2]. Bowen WH. Nature of plaque. Oral Sci Rev. 1976;9:3–21. [PubMed]
[3]. Newman MG, Takei HH, Klokkevold PR, Carranza FA. 10th ed. Philadelphia: WB Saunders; 2010. Carranza's Clinical Periodontology; pp. 172–6
[4]. Miller CS, King CP, Jr, Langub MC, Kryscio RJ, Thomas MV. Salivary biomarkers of existing periodontal disease: A cross-sectional study. J Am Dent Ass. 2006;137:322–9. [PubMed]
[5]. Pejčić A, Obradović R, Kesić L, Kojović D. Smoking and periodontal disease - A review. Med Biol. 2007;14:53–9.

Abstract: Haematoma of the vulva may occur following blunt trauma due to its highly vascular structure. We present a case of haematoma of the vulva about 15x12cm caused following fall from chair leading to blunt trauma to the perineum. It was successfully managed by surgical evacuation, ligation of the bleeding sites, and use of antibiotics and analgesics.

[1]. Dash S, Verghese J and Nizami DJ. Severe haematoma of the vulva: A report of two cases and a clinical review. Kathmandu University Med J. 2006; 4(2): 228-231.
[2]. Ernest A & Knapp G. Severe traumatic vulva hematoma in teenage girl. Clinical Case Reports 2015; 3(12): 975–978.
[3]. Shesser R, Schulman D, Smith J. A nonpuerperal traumatic vulvar hematoma. J Emerg Med. 1986;4(5):397-9.
[4]. Sau AK, Dhar KK, Dhall GI. Nonobstetric lower genital tract trauma. Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol. 1993; 33(4):433-5.
[5]. Benrubi G, Neuman C, Nuss RC, Thompson RJ. Vulvar and vaginal hematomas: a retrospective study of conservative versus operative management. South Med J 1987; 80:991–4.

Abstract: Traditional folk medicine is the basis of Indian Ayurveda without any ill effects , Right from the days of Sushruta in Ancient India, due to various battles and wars, healing of wounds was a matter of attraction for all including ancient Chinese, Korean, Egyptian and African healers. Sushruta Samhita describes dealing with healing of these wounds, and describes more than 100 plants & vital fluid for treatment of wounds .In 21st century while we still can't perform miracles in healing to maintain health ,one Elixir is coming into the
limelight is Placenta Extract which will aid magic in the era of wound healing.In other words ,the Placenta act as various internal organs for the embryo, that's why it has a various medicinal effects ,In this review we are documenting magical effects of wound healing

Keywords: Placenta extract; wound healing

[1]. Concepts Of Healing In Periodontal Therapy - Part I Dr. Shubham Kumar1 , Dr. Krishna Kumar Gupta2 ,Dr. Devleena Bhowmick3
, Dr. Abhishek Singh4 Iosr Journal Of Dental And Medical Sciences (Iosr-Jdms) E-Issn: 2279-0853, P-Issn: 2279-0861.Volume 14,
Issue 10 Ver. Xi (Oct. 2015),

[2]. In Vitro Growth Inhibition Of Microbes By Human Placental Extract Piyali Datta Chakraborty And Debasish Bhattacharyya*
Indian Institute Of Chemical Biology, 4, Raja S.C. Mallick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700 032, Indiacurrent Science, Vol. 88, No. 5,
10 March 2005
[3]. Ubiquitin-Like Protein From Human Placental Extract Exhibits Collagenase Activity Debashree De1, Piyali Datta Chakraborty2,
Jyotirmoy Mitra1, Kanika Sharma1, Somnath Mandal1, Aneesha Das1, Saikat Chakrabarti1, Debasish Bhattacharyy , Research And
Development, Albert David Ltd., Calcutta, West Bengal, Indiaplos One | Www.Plosone.Orgmarch 2013 | Volume 8 | Issue 3
[4]. Reduction Of Tumorigenicity By Placental Extracts Annette M. Marleau1, Greg Mcdonald2, James Koropatnick3,4, Chien-Shing
Chen5 And David Koos6anticancer Research 32: 1153-1162 (2012)

Abstract: An 8 year old boy met with a mobile phone blast injury and presented with pain in abdomen and multiple injuries over abdomen, chest and right thigh. Patient had developed right sided haemothorax. Patient was taken up for emergency laparoto my under general anaesthesia. On laparotomy patient was found to have grade 5 liver lacerations. Patient responded to timely surgical intervention and recovered well. Keywords: blast injury, liver laceration, haemothorax, rapid sequence induction (RSI)

Keywords: No conflict of interest whatsoever

[1]. Courtney M. Townsend, Jr., R. Daniel Beauchamp, B. MarkEvers, Kenneth L. Mattox. .The Surgeon's Role In Mass Casualty Incidents, Trauma and Critical Care, Sabiston Text book of Surgery Vol 1: 19th edition. 612-613, 2012.
[2]. Medscape: Blast Injuries Available athttp://emedicine.medscape.com/article/822587-overview.
[3]. [Accessed on July 2nd 2013].
[4]. Pivoz R. Oppenheim-Eden A, Matot I, et al: Blast lung injury from an explosion on a civilian bus. Chest 115: 165-172, 1999.
[5]. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: Blast Injuries: Abdominal Blast Injuries. Available at

Abstract: Obesity can cause deleterious effects on respiratory function. Numerous studies have examined the association between body mass index and pulmonary function test variables1with variable results, and most of these tests have been conducted in males in younger age group and elderly2,3. Studies considering BMI in young adults specially in eastern India are not adequate. This cross sectional study is to evaluate the effects of BMI on the pulmonary function in young male adults. Subjects were randomly selected from MBBS students aged 18-25 years who had no lung disease............

Keywords: Body Mass Index; Chest Mechanics; Maximal Voluntary Ventilation

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Abstract: Eastern Equine Encephalitis virus (EEEV) is an arbovirus which, although rare, causes significant mortality and morbidity to humans and horses. Zika virus (ZIKAV) is an emerging infectious disease that is spreading rapidly across the globe. Southeast Georgia, USA has temperature and habitat suitable for survival of several invasive mosquito species. Aedes albopictus is the most successful invasive mosquito species and may serve as a bridge vector of EEEV and vector of ZIKAV. Maritime and air ports are the most important sources of invasion for vector species. The Bioagent Transport and Environmental Modeling System was used to identify areas at high risk to EEEV. BioTEMS was validated against EEEV records in Chatham County, GA and was 100% accurate to within 100 m, 74% to within 30 m and 50% within 5 m.............

[1]. Armstrong, PM and TG Andreadis (2010). Eastern Equine Encephalitis Virus in Mosquitoes and Their Role as Bridge Vectors. Emerging Infectious Diseases 16: 1869-1874.
[2]. APHIS-USDA (2015). 2015 Equine Case Reports of Eastern Equine Encephalitis reported to the ArboNET reporting system as of 12/8/2015. https://www.aphis.usda.gov/animal_health/downloads/animal_diseases/2015_eee_report.pdf
[3]. Beadle, LD (1952). Eastern equine encephalitis in the United States. Fifth Annual Convention Virginia Mosquito Control Association.
[4]. Capinera, J. Insects and Wildlife: Arthropods and their Relationships with Wild Vertebrate Animals. John Wiley and Sons, 2011, 500pp.
[5]. Chamberlain, R. W. 1958.Vector relationships of the arthropod-borne encephalitides in North America. Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 70: 312-319.

Abstract: Familial adenomatous polyposis ia an autosomal dominant disorder that is responsible for 0.5% of all colorectal cancer. Patients will develop hundreds to thousands of colonic polyp in their second decades of life. The life time risk of developing colorectal cancer is 100% at the median age of 39 years. Extra intestinal manifestations are rare and mostly are benign. Family history of colorectal cancer is common in FAP. Screening of FAP family members should begin with age of 10-12 years. Management option includes total proctocolectomy with end ileostomy, total colectomy with ileorectal anastamosis, and total proctocolectomy and ileal pouch anal anastamosis.Here is a report of rare case of familial adenomatous polyposis presented with intermittent partial bowel obstruction and managed with total proctocolectomy with end ileostomy and reviewed the literature and discussed tumorogenesis , screening recommendation and management options.

Keywords: Familial adenomatous polyposis , colorectal cancer

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linkage. Gastroenterology 1991;100:1658–1664.
[2]. Foulkes WD. A tale of four syndromes: familial adenomatous polyposis, Gardner syndrome, attenuated APC and Turcot syndrome.
QJM 1995;88:853–863.
[3]. Jasperson KW, Tuohy TM, Neklason DW, et al. Hereditary and familial colon cancer. Gastroenterology 2010;138:2044–2058.
[4]. Burt RW, Leppert MF, Slattery ML, et al. Genetic testing and phenotype in a large kindred with attenuated familial adenomatous
polyposis. Gastroenterology 2004;127:444–451.
[5]. Gallagher MC, Phillips RK, Bulow S. Surveillance and management of upper gastrointestinal disease in familial adenomatous
polyposis. Fam Cancer 2006;5:263–273.

Abstract: Background: Adequate postoperative analgesia following tonsillectomy in children is still a challenge. Recently the use of topical analgesia at tonsillectomy site is being developed as a modality of analgesia. Survey across the literature gives a very sparse data regarding efficacy of topical tramadol application. Hence we conducted this study to evaluate the effects of topical tramadol on postoperative pain in children undergoing tonsillectomy Methods: A double blind, prospective, randomised, controlled clinical trial was conducted in 56 children between 4 and 12 years scheduled for elective tonsillectomy or adenotonsillectomy, who were randomized into
two groups. Group T received swabs soaked in tramadol 2 mg/kg diluted in 10 ml saline and Group C swabs soaked in saline 10 ml, which were applied for 5 min in the tonsillar fossa after tonsillectomy...........

Keywords: Tonsillectomy, analgesia, rescue, topical tramadol.

[1]. Kotiniemi LH, Ryhanen PT, Valanne J, Jokela R, Mustonen A, Poukkula E. Postoperative symptoms at home following day-case
surgery in children: a multicentre survey of 551 children. Anesthesia 1997; 52:963-9.
[2]. Vasan NR, Stevenson S, Ward M. Preincisional bupivacaine in post-tonsillectomy pain relief: a randomized prospective study. Arch
Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2002; 128:145-9.
[3]. Akbay BK, Yildizbas S, Guclu E, Yilmaz S, Iskender A, Ozturk O. Analgesic efficacy of topical tramadol in control of
postoperative pain in children after tonsillectomy. J Anesth 2010; 24:705-708.
[4]. Mert T, Gunes Y, Guven M, Gunay I, Ozcengiz D. Comparison of nerve conduction blocks by an opioid and a local anesthetic. Eur
J Pharmacol 2002; 439:77–81.
[5]. JOU IM,Chu KS, Chen HH. The effect of intrthecal tramadol on spinal somatosensory-evoked potentials and motor evoked
responses in rats. Anesth Analg 2003; 96: 783-8..

Abstract: Objective: To determine the advantages and disadvantages of the endoscope as compared to the microscope inmyringoplasty surgery and to compare the results of both groups. Methods: Between March 2014 and March 2015, 60 patients underwent myringoplasty, 30 were endoscope assisted and 30 were microscope assisted. Results of surgery were compared at the end of six months post operation. The difference between the perforation condition was not significant ineither group...........

[1]. Harugop AS, Mudhol RS, Godhi RA. A comparative study of endoscope assisted myringoplasty and micrsoscope assisted myringoplasty. Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2008; 60: 298-302.
[2]. el-Guindy A. Endoscopic transcanalmyringoplasty. J LaryngolOtol 1992; 493-5.
[3]. Furukawa T, Watanabe T, Ito T, Kubota T, Kakehata S. Feasibility and ad-vantages of transcanal endoscopic myringoplasty. OtolNeurotol 2014; e140-5.
[4]. Aoki K. Advantages of endoscopically assisted surgery for attic choleste-atoma. DiagnTherEndosc 2001; 7: 99-107.
[5]. Ghaffar S, Ikram M, Zia S, Raza A. Incorporating the endoscope into mid-dle ear surgery. Ear Nose Throat J 2006; 85: 593-6.

Abstract: In this paper we classify of brain tissue using Gray Level Run Length Matrix (GLRLM) to extract classification features from MR images. The techniques used here included elven features to define Multi Sclerosis, White Matter, Grey Matter and CSF were classified further using linear discriminate analysis. The results of the classification showed that the Multi sclerosis tissue classified well from the rest of the tissue although it has characteristics mostly similar to surrounding tissue, several texture features were introduced
using Higher Order Statistic. The GLRLM and its features seem very useful in texture classification, and the classification accuracy of multi sclerosis 96.9 %, white matter 93.8 %, grey matter 92.6% and the CSF 100%. Texture parameter from FLAIR images can assess brain inflammatory activity with sufficient...........

Keywords: Multi Sclerosis, White matter, Grey matter, GLRLM, Higher Order Statistics,

[1]. Fazekas, F., Barkof, F., Filippi, M., Grossman, R.I., Li, D.K.B., McDonald, W.I., McFarland, H.F., Patty, D.W., Simon, J.H.,
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[5]. Griffin CM, Dehmeshki J, Chard DT, et al. T1 histograms of normalappearing brain tissue are abnormal in early relapsing-remitting
multiple sclerosis. MultScler 2002;8:211–216..

Abstract: Fibrous dysplasia is a developmental skeletal condition characterized by replacement of normal bone with cellular fibrous connective tissue. The genetic predisposition is suspected to be the etiology. Fibrous dysplasia is classified as monostotic or polyostotic or as a component of McCune-Albright syndrome. The clinical findings show asymptomatic growth of the involved bone, which produces facial Asymmetry. Radiographically, the appearance differs with the stage of development and amount of bony matrix within the lesion. Microscopic examination shows cellular fibrous tissue with spindle-shaped cells and immature trabeculae of woven bone without osteoblasts rimming.

Keywords: fibrous dysplasia; craniofacial dysplasia; fibro-osseous lesion

[1]. Agarwal, M., Balaji, N., Mk, S., Jd, S., Dawar, G., & Rallan, N. S. (2014). FIBROUS DYSPLASIA : A REVIEW, 1(1), 25–29.
[2]. ALONSO, N., MATUSHITA, H., & ALESSI, M. S. (2014). Surgical approach to the treatment of craniofacial fibrous dysplasia - A 14 -year experiencedysplasia- 14 years experience. Revista Brasileira de Cirurgia Plástica (RBCP) – Brazilian Journal of Plastic Sugery, 29(1), 66–70. https://doi.org/10.5935/2177-1235.2014RBCP0010
[3]. Bertoni, F., Arias, L. F., Alberghini, M., & Bacchini, P. (2004). Fibrous dysplasia with degenerative atypia: A benign lesion potentially mistaken for sarcoma. Archives of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, 128(7), 794–796.
[4]. Eversole, R., Su, L., & ElMofty, S. (2008). Benign fibro-osseous lesions of the craniofacial complex a review. Head and Neck Pathology, 2(3), 177–202. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12105-008-0057-2
[5]. Fitzpatrick, K. A., Taljanovic, M. S., Speer, D. P., Graham, A. R., Jacobson, J. A., Barnes, G. R., & Hunter, T. B. (2004). Imaging findings of fibrous dysplasia with histopathologic and intraoperative correlation. American Journal of Roentgenology, 182(6), 1389–1398. https://doi.org/10.2214/ajr.182.6.1821389

Abstract: The healthfor all is need for the day in changing world. The manpower required to change is critical but the professional societies made the contribution towards upliftment of health of the society. The professional society are important units which play interrelationship among professionals and interconnects society for the wellbeing. The surgeon's society is one among many professional societies which are in existence. The motto behind forming surgical society is many fold. In the present scenario surgeon society as a whole is need for the country and in turn for the society for the exchange of knowledge, for assistance, social service etc. The article briefs social responsibility of surgeon's society, also describes the existence in the world through a very famous societies like royal college of surgeons. It also briefs present scenario and future need in India and world.

Keywords: Education, Health, Responsibility, Surgeon.

[1]. Dr. John Snow information. Accessed Feb 27, 2004.
[2]. The Role of Reproductive Surgeons and the Society of Reproductive Surgeons by Ricardo Aziz, M.D., M.P.H., M.B.A. Published
in Fertility and Sterility 2002;78:916-7.
[3]. Details of the study methods are available online at http://content.healthaffairs.org/cgi/content/full/26/6/1712/DC1.
[4]. See Medical Professionalism Project, "Medical Professionalism in the New Millennium: A Physicians' Charter," Lancet 359, no.
9305 (2002): 520–522.
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Abstract: Fahr's syndrome is a rare inherited neurodegenerative disease, characterized by the presence of bilateral and symmetrical intracerebral calcifications due to unknown etiology. It usually manifests as headache, seizures and movement difficulties. Here we discuss a patient who presented with seizure disorder and headache for the past 2 weeks. Patient was referred to our department for MRI study of the brain which revealed features suggestive of Fahr's disease with bilateral symmetrical basal ganglia calcifications and conditions such as hypoparathyroidism and tuberous sclerosis was excluded. This case further aims to substantiate the clinical and radiological features of this disease.

Keywords:Fahr's disease, Fahr's syndrome, intracerebral calcification, Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), Hypoparathyroidism.

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[2] Asokan AG, D'Souza S, Jeganathan J, Pai S. Fahr's Syndrome- An Interesting Case Presentation. J Clin Diagn Res 2013; 7(3):532-3.
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Abstract: "Dermatoglyphics", a term coined by Cummins and Midlo in 1926, refers to the branch of genetics dealing with skin ridge system. [1]Dermatoglyphics is not a new science and was established by Galton in the year 1892. [2] Palmar dermatoglyphics has been, and is being studied in many diseases. It is a well accepted fact now that genetics plays an important role in determination of palmar dermatoglyphic patterns. Oral cancer is one of the leading causes of death due to tobacco, alcohol abuse and unhealthy lifestyles.[ 3]It is also a known fact that millions of people use tobacco or gutkha, but only a fraction of such people develop oral premalignant lesions and conditions, such as leukoplakia or OSMF. Genetically determined differences among these individuals would probably explain this susceptibility.

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condition ridge direction. American Journalof Anatomy 1926;38:89-151.
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[5]. Shield J P H, Wadsworth E J K, Hobbs K, Baum JD. Dermatoglyphics, Fetal growth and insulin dependant diabetes in children
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Abstract: Soft tissue enlargement of oral cavity is quite common phenomenon in occurrence; these may be either benign growth or malignant. Most of the oral soft tissue enlargement involved either buccal or labial mucosa as well as buccal or labial gingiva. The appearance of most of the benign enlargement is quite similar and makes their diagnosis confusing. The reason for the benign growth is most of the time related to chronic irritation due to various sources and irritation fibroma is one of them.............

[1]. Pour MAH, Rad M, Mojtahedi A. A Survey of Soft Tissue Tumor like Lesions in Oral Cavity: A Clinicopathological study. Iranian
Journal of Pathology 2008;3:81-7.
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patients. Med Oral Pathol Oral Cir Buccal 2008; 13(3):161-6.
[3]. Murkami T, Kato K, Kusunoki Y, Yasuda S, Fujitsuk H, Ichirhara H, et al. Irritational fibroma of oral mucosa. A
Clinicopathological study of 129 lesions in 124 cases. Oral Med Pathol 2008; 6:91-4.
[4]. Coleman GC, Flaitz CM, Vincent SD. Differential diagnosis of oral soft tissue lesions. Tex Dent J 2002; 199:484-99.
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