iosr-JDMS   Volume-15 ~ Issue-5 ~ May-2016

Abstract: The micro penis (penis length <2.5 SD below the mean for age.) is a frequent reason for consultation in the neonatal period, but also in childhood and adolescence . Its causes are many. We report a retrospective study of 30 patient with micropenia ( 14 children, 4 teens and 12adultes ). The average age of consultation and diagnosis was 4.5 ± 0.3 years (1 month - 11 years) in children, 15 ± 0.2 years (13- 18) in adolescents and 30 ± 1.8 years in adults (23-45)...............

Keywords: Micrpenia, cryptorchidism, hypospadias, hypogonadism, androgen

[1] Schonfeld WA, Beebe GW. Normal growth and variation in the male genitalia from birth to maturity. J Urol.1942;48:759–777.
[2] Lee PA, Mazur T, Danish R, Amrhein J, Blizzard RM, Money J, Migeon CJ, Micropenis I. Criteria, etiologies and classification. Johns Hopkins Med J. 1980;146:156–163.
[3] Wiygul J, Palmer LS. Micropenis. ScientificWorldJournal. 2011;11:1462–1469.
[4] BOUVATTIER C. Micropénis : comment mesurer, quand explorer, qui traiter ?
[5] Pediatrie pratique Publié le 6 Mai 2015

Abstract: Background: This manuscript is based on one of the objective of the study titled " An Assessment of Health Seeking Behaviour and Reasons for Delay In Diagnosis of Leprosy Patients Attending Dermatology OPD, Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences(RIMS), Ranchi. Introduction: In a chronic debilitating disease like leprosy, early diagnosis and treatment is essential to prevent disability. The delay and misdiagnosis has disabling consequences on the patient. We conducted this study to identify the factors contributing to the delay in diagnosis and start of treatment in leprosy.........

Keywords: Reasons, delay, diagnosis, Leprosy

[1] http://nlep.nic.in/about.html
[2] World Health Organisation Geneva (1998). WHO Expert Committee on Leprosy: 7 Report. Tech Rep Ser. pp874.
[3] WHO (2010). Global Leprosy situation. Weekly Epidemiological Record. 85: 337-348.
[4] Progress report as on 31st march 2015. http://nlep.nic.in/pdf/Progress%20report%2031st%20March%202014-15%20-.pdf
[5] WHO. Expert Committee on leprosy 1988 Sixth Report. World Health Organisation, Technical Report series 768, Geneva.

Abstract: To assess the efficacy of single dose 0.2% povidone -iodine instillation in the management of chyluria. Materials & method: Forty-five patients who presented with chyluria to surgical out-patient department at Dr RML Combined hospital, Lucknow from JUNE 2014 to FEBRUARY 2015. There were 27 males and 18 females, between age groups 25 to 48 years. After taking informed consent for the study and detailed clinical history and by appropriate investigations and demonstrating chylous efflux at cystoscopy........

[1]. Goel S, Mandhani A, Srivastava A, Kapoor R, Gogoi S, Kumar A, et al. Is povidone iodine an alternative to silver nitrate for renal
pelvic instillation sclerotherapy in chyluria? BJU Int 2004;94(7):1082-5.
[2]. Hemal AK, Gupta NP. Retroperitoneoscopic lymphatic management of intractable chyluria. J Urol 2002;167(6):2473-6.
[3]. Date A, John TJ, Chandy KG, Rajagopalan MS, Vaska PH, Pandey AP, et al. Abnormalities of the immune system in patients with
chyluria. Br J Urol 1981;53(4):384-6.
[4]. Suri A, Kumar A. Chyluria - SGPGI experience. Indian J Urol 2005;21(1):59-62.
[5]. Zhang X, Ye ZQ, Chen Z, Chen ZQ, Zhu QG, Xin M, et al. Comparison of open surgery versus retroperitoneoscopic approach to
chyluria. J Urol 2003;169(3):991-3.

Abstract: Background: The acute infections which are caused by Toxoplasma gondii, Rubella virus, Cytomegalovirus (CMV) and the Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV-2) during pregnancy are often associated with adverse foetal outcomes and reproductive failures. In the Indian context, the exact seroprevalence of these infections is not known due to unavailability of baseline data.........

Keywords: Antibodies,Pregnant,Serological,SpecificIgM,TORCH

[1]. Li Z, Yan C, Liu P, Yan R, Feng Z. The prevalence of the serum anti-bodies to TORCH among women before pregnancy or in the early period of pregnancy in Beijing. ClinicaChimicaActa2009; 403: 212-15.
[2]. Singh S. The mother to child transmission and the diagnosis of the Toxoplasma gondiiinfection during pregnancy. Indian J Med Microbiol, 2003: 21(2): 69-76.
[3]. Yashodhara P, Ramlaxmi BA, Naidu AN, Raman L. The prevalence of the specific IgM which is caused by the Toxoplasma, Rubella, Cytomegalovirus and the C.trachomatisinfections during pregnancy. Indian J Med Microbiol, 2001: 19: 79-82.
[4]. Bhatia VN, Meenakshi K, Agarwal SC. Toxoplasmosis in south India- a serological study. Indian J Med Res, 1974; 62:1818.
[5]. Turbadkar D, Mathur M, Rele M. The seroprevalence of the TORCH infections in women with bad obstetric histories. Indian J Med Microbiol2003; 21(2):108-10.

Abstract: The Incidence of colorectal polyps reported to be associated with serum lipids abnormalities and with high levels of serum uric acid. Thus, we aimed to examine the correlation between serum lipids and serum uric acid in the patients with colorectal polyps. A total of 279 patients with colorectal polyps and 194 freecolorectal polyps'participantsas normal controls were recruited into current study. Blood samples were obtained after fasting of 8-12 hours, and then analyzedbiochemically........

Keywords: Colorectal Polyps,Mechanism, Risk factors, Serum lipids, Uric Acid

[1]. Kasap E, E. Gerceker, S.Ö. Boyacıoglu, H. Yuceyar, H. Yıldırm, S. Ayhan, et al., The potential role of the NEK6, AURKA,
AURKB, and PAK1 genes in adenomatous colorectal polyps and colorectal adenocarcinoma. Tumor Biology, 2015: p. 1-10.

[2]. Castiella A, F. Múgica, E. Zapata, L. Zubiaurre, A. Iribarren, M.D. de Juan, et al., Gender and plasma iron biomarkers, but not HFE
gene mutations, increase the risk of colorectal cancer and polyps. Tumor Biology, 2015. 36(9): p. 6959-6963.
[3]. Bae J.A, D.H. Kho, E.G. Sun, Y.-S. Ko, S. Yoon, K.H. Lee, et al., Elevated co-expression of KITENIN and the ErbB4 CYT-2
isoform promotes the transition from colon adenoma to carcinoma following APC loss.Clinical Cancer Research, 2015: p.
clincanres. 0306.2015.
[4]. Hibino Y, N. Sakamoto, Y. Naito, K. Goto, H.Z. Oo, K. Sentani, et al., Significance of miR-148a in Colorectal Neoplasia:
Downregulation of miR-148a Contributes to the Carcinogenesis and Cell Invasion of Colorectal Cancer.Pathobiology, 2015. 82(5):
p. 233-241.

Abstract: Background and objectives: Internal derangement is an internal disturbance in the normal resting position of the joint that results in pain and movement restriction.1MRI plays an important role as a triage tool in evaluation of shoulder pathologies due to its ability to non-invasively display high resolution images with excellent soft tissue contrast2-3. The main objective is to study the Magnetic Resonance Imaging characteristic features and diagnosis of internal derangements of the shoulder joint........

Keywords: Shoulder; magnetic resonance imaging; internal derangement of shoulder

[1]. McKenzie RA, May S. The lumbar spine: mechanical diagnosis and therapy. 2nd ed., Waikanae: Spinal Publications Ltd; 2003
[2]. Gail DG, et al. Role of MRI in musculoskeletal practice: A clinical perspective. J Manual and Manipulative Therapy.
2011;19(3):152-61.
[3]. Zlatkin, M.B., Hoffman, C. and Shellock, F.G. Assessment of the rotator cuff and the glenoid labrum using an extreme MR system;
MR results compared to surgical findings from a multi center study.J Magnetic Resonance 2004;19:623-31.
[4]. Feleus A, Bierma-Zeinstra SM, Miedema HS, Bernsent RM, Verhaar JA, Koes BW. Incidence of non-traumatic complaints of arm,
neck and shoulder in general practice. Man Ther 2008;13(5):426-33.

Abstract: A seizure is a result of excessive nerve-cell discharges in the brain. Seizure, a common neurologic medical emergency, continues to be associated with significant morbidity and mortality in the pediatric age group and affects 4-7% of children 1. Intranasal midazolam suppresses epileptic activity and improves the background of electroencephalograms in children with epilepsy........

Keywords: Intranasal Midazolam,Rectal diazepam,Seizure.

[1]. Karla V Seizure disorders and epilepsy In Kalra V editor practical pediatric neurology 1st edition New Delhi 2002;51-77
[2]. Niall C T,LeighJ,Resan D R etal;Preanaesthetic sedation of preschool children using IntranasalMidazolam;Anaesthesiology1998;69;972-5
[3]. LahatE,AladjemM,Eshal G etal;Midazolam in treatment of epileptic seizures;pediatric neurology;8;21;215-216
[4]. Epilepsy– A manual for medical and clinical officers in Africa by WHO.
[5]. Epileptic interictalspikes.New knowledge of cortical feedback systems suggest a neurophysiological explanation of brief
paroxysm.Brain Res-1973 52 1-17

Abstract: Background: A prospective study was done to evaluate the effect of the small external fixator in the management of acute intra-articular fractures of the distal radius. Methods: Between July 2013 and June 2015, 30 consecutive patients with articular fractures of the distal radius were treated by closed reduction under image intensifier and external fixation with small external fixators. The mean age at the time of surgery was 46.6 years . The follow-up period was 12 months.....

Keywords: External fixator, articular fracture, distal radius, K Wire

[1]. Hollingsworth R, Morris J. The importance of the ulnar side of the wrist in fractures of the distal end of the radius. Injury
1976;7:263–6.
[2]. Older TM, Stabler EV, Cassebaum WH. Colle's fractures: evaluation and selection of therapy. J Trauma. 1965;5:469-76.
[3]. Alffram PA, Bauer GC. Epidemiology of fractures of the forearm. A biomechanical investigation of bone strength. J Bone Joint
Surg Am, 44, 1962, 105-114.
[4]. Cooney WP III, Dobyns JH, Linscheid RL. Complications of Colles' fracture. J Bone Joint Surg Am 1980;62:613–9.
[5]. Robertsson GO, Jonsson GT, Sigursjonsson K. Epidemiology of distal radius fractures in Iceland in 1985. Acta Orthop Scand
1990;61:457–9.

Abstract: Aim: To study the effect of stitch length on the rate of Postoperative wound complications in midline incisions. Study design: Randomized control trial. Place and duration of study: General Surgery Department, NRI Medical College & General Hospital, Chinakakani from October 2013 to September 2015...........

Keywords: Vacuum assisted closure, conventional moist dressings, chronic wounds.

[1]. de Lissovoy G, Fraeman K, Hutchins V, Murphy D, Song D, Vaughn BB. Surgical site infection: incidence and impact on hospital utilization and treatment costs. Am J Infect Control. Jun 2009;37(5):387-397.
[2]. Israelsson LA, Wimo A. Cost minimisation analysis of change in closure technique of midline incisions. Eur J Surg. 2000;166(8):642-646.
[3]. Poulose BK, Shelton J, Phillips S, et al. Epidemiology and cost of ventral hernia repair: making the case for hernia research. Hernia. Apr 2012;16(2):179-183.
[4]. Tito WA, Sarr MG. Intestinal obstruction. In Zuidema GD, Ed. Surgery of the alimentary tract. Philadelphia: WB Saunders; 1996: Vol: V, p. 375-416.
[5]. Deveney E. Hernias and other lesions of the abdominal wall. Lawrence W. Way Ed. In: Current Surgical Diagnosis & Treatment. Appleton Lange, Connecticut. 1994; p. 712-724.

Abstract: We present a rare case of 40 yrs woman with mass in the abdomen of 5 months duration. Investigations revealed a large abdomino-pelvic intraperitoneal lesion for which laparotomy was done and a pedunculated intraperitoneal mass was found attached to the parietal peritoneum of the lower anterior abdominal wall. It was excised and sent for histo pathological examination, which was suggestive of Myxoid Leiomyoma of parietal peritoneum.

Keywords: Pedunculated Intraperitoneal leiomyoma, Myxoid Leiomyoma of parietal peritoneum

[1]. Kjerulff KH, Langenberg P, Seidman JD, Stolley PD, Guzinsky GM. Uterine leiomyomas. Racial differences in severity, symptoms and age at diagnosis. J Reprod Med.1996;41(7):483-90.
[2]. Igberase OG, Mabiaku OT, Ebeigbe PN, Abedi HO. Solitary anterior abdominal wall leiomyoma in a 31-year-old multipara woman: A case report. Cases J. 2009;2(1):113.
[3]. Buttram VC Jr, Reiter RC. Uterine leiomyomata: Aetiology, symptomatology, and management. Fertil Steril 1981;36:433-45.
[4]. Cramer SF, Patel A. The frequency of uterine leiomyomas. Am J Clin Pathol 1990;94:435-8.
[5]. Moon HS, Koo JS, Park SH, Park GS, Choi JG, Kim SG. Parasitic leiomyoma in abdominal wall after laparoscopic leiomyomectomy. Fertil Steril 2008;90:1201-1202.

Abstract: Chronic Renal Failure(CRF) is said to be a risk factor for peptic ulceration. CRF patients do get anorexia, nausea, vomiting and abdominal discomfort. Helicobacter Pylori(H.Pylori) has a close association with development of peptic ulcer disease and could be one of the risk factors for Upper Gastrointestinal (UGI) disturbances in CRF patients.Aim of this study was to assess the UGI mucosal changes in CRF patients and to examine whether H.........

Keywords: Chronic Renal Failure, Helicobacter Pylori infection, Upper Gastro Intestinal mucosal changes.

[1]. Kang JY,Wu AY, Sutherland IH et al,Prevalence of peptic ulcer in patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis ; Dig.Dis.Sci.1988 July;33(7):774-8
[2]. Franzin G, Musola R, Mencarell R,Morphological changes of gastroduodenal mucosa in regular dialysis uraemic patients, Histopathology 1982, 6: 429-437.
[3]. GH Malik,T.Masood,IASirwal,R.Mahajan,L.Dewani,ARReshi,MSKhuroo,Upper gastrointestinal lesions in CRF and the role of H.pylori,Indian Journal of Nephrology,New Series Vol.1,No.3,July-sep 1991,81-84.
[4]. Margolis DM,Sayer JL, Geisse G, Deschryver-KecskemetiK,Harter HR,Zuckerman GR,Upper Gastrointestinal disease in chronic renal failure - Aprospective evaluation,Arch.Intern.Med.1978:138:1214-1217

Abstract: Peripartum cardiomyopathy is a unusual form of dilated cardiomyopathy with unknown etiology , that can be fatal in young women but with prompt diagnosis and intensive supportive measures can successfully be treated with good longterm prognosis in 90% cases. We report a previously asymptomatic women with no risk factor presented with pulmonary odema on day three of cesarean section who is now under periodic ECHO follow up to assess the recovery in cardiac function.........

Keywords: Echocardiography , Heart failure , Peripartum cardiomyopathy

[1]. Andrius macas, Kestutis Rimaitis, Giedre Baksyte, Laura silinskyte ACTA MEDICA LITUANICA.2012.Vol.19.No.3.P.224-227
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BOOKS
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Abstract: The WHO estimated that more than 40 million people had been infected by HIV at the end of 2005 and there are now 5 million new infection and 3 million deaths every year. In India, HIV prevalence among the general population was 2.39 million [NACO (National AIDS Control Organisation)]. Although HIV-related heart disease is common, it is frequently overlooked because it is either subclinical or produces nonspecific symptoms such as breathlessness and fatigue that are mistakenly attributed to other problems such as anemia.........

Keywords: NACO, Pericardial effusion , Echocardiography , Fractional Shortening and Diastolic dysfunction

[1]. Anderson DW, Virmani R. Emerging patterns of heart disease in human immunodeficiency virus infection. Hum Pathol 1990;21: 253–259
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Abstract: Fistulas are abnormal communications linking two epithelialised surfaces. Enterocutaneous fistula is an abnormal communication between the GI tract and skin.Even with recent advances in parasurgical management, critical are and nutritional support, enterocutaneous fistulas remain great challenge to the general surgeon. The mortality and morbidity associated with only conservative management is often high and expensive because most patients cannot afford prolonged parenteral nutrition Although operations are difficult, if performed early they may be lifesaving in our situation.........

[1]. M.Gupta,P.Sonar,R.Kakodkar,V.Kumaran,R.Mohanka,A.Soin,S.Nundy, Indian J.Surg.(October-December 2008) 70:303-307.
[2]. Sachdev A, Agarwal A, Chowdhary A (1994) Management of enterocutaneous fi stula. In: Chattopadhyay TK, editor. GI Surgery Annual 1:65-84
[3]. Berry SM, Fischer JE. Enterocutaneous fistulae. In: Wells SA Jr,ed.Current problems in surgery.St.Louis:Mosby Year Book,1994:469
[4]. Haffejee AA.Surgical management of high output enterocutaneous fistulae:a 24 year experience. Curr opin clin nutr metab care 2004;7:309
[5]. Hollington P, Mawdsley J, Lim W, et al.A 11yr experience of enterocutaneous fistula. Br J Surg 2004;91:1646

Abstract: Objective of this study was to compare three treatment modalities in scabies for efficacy, safety and cost effectiveness in patients of scabies. Materials and Methods: This was a prospective, randomized, comparative clinical study conducted in 150 diagnosed patients of scabies (5-60 years of age), randomly allocated to three groups. Group A received permethrin 5% cream, group B received tablet ivermectin 200 μg/kg as a single dose, whereas group C received combination of both (Permethrin with ivermectin).........

Keywords: Cost effectiveness,Efficacy, Ivermectin, Scabies, Permethrin.

[1]. Scabies Prevention and Control Manual. Michigan Department of Community Health. [Serial online] 2005 May [cited 2014 Dec12 ] version1.0:[3-50]. Available from: URL: http//www.michigan.gov./documents/scabiesmanual1308667pdf.
[2]. Burgess IF, Scabies. In Williams H, Bigby M, DiepgenT,Herxheimer A,Naldi L, Rzany B, editor, Evidence-based Dermatology. 11th ed London:BMJ Publishing house: UK. 2003:p.515-524.
[3]. Hay RJ, Steer AC, Engelman D, Walton S. Scabies in the developing world its prevalence, complications, and management. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2012; 18: 313–323.
[4]. Sharma RS, Mishra RS, Pal D, Gupta M, Datta KK. An epidemiology study of scabies in rural community in India.Ann Trop Med Parasitol. Apr 1984; 78(2):157-164.
[5]. Nair BKH, Joseph A, Narayanan PL, et al. Epidemiology of scabies. Indian Journal of Dermatology, venereology.1973; 30:101-103

Abstract: Malignant melanoma is the most common potentially lethal neoplasm of skin. About 50-70% of all melanomas develop spontaneously, while the rest develop from a pre-existing nevus. Malignant melanoma is largely a disease of adults. Incidence of childhood melanoma is very low. Here, we describe a case of malignant melanoma in a fifteen year old boy who presented with a scalp swelling (12x10 cm).........

Keywords: Giant melanoma, nevus, scalp, spleen metastasis

[1]. Pappo AS. Melanoma in children and adolescents. Eur Journal Cancer. 2003;39(18):2651-61.
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case. Archives of Otolaryngology. 1976;102(4):244–247.
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[4]. Whiteman DC, Watt P, Purdie DM, Hughes MC, Hayward NK, Green AC. Melanocytic nevi, solar keratoses, and divergent
pathways to cutaneous melanoma. Journal of the National Cancer Institute.2003;95(11):806–812.
[5]. Shashanka R, Smitha BR. Review Article: Head and Neck Melanoma. International Scholarly Research Network. ISRN Surgery.
2012.