iosr-JDMS   Volume-15 ~ Issue-5 ~ May-2016

Abstract: Objective: Tibial diaphyseal fractures are the commonest Orthopaedic injuries for which many methods of treatment are in vogue. Our study is a descriptive analysis of Osteosynthesis of tibial fracture with interlocking nail and its outcome. Setting: Orthopaedics Department of a tertiary care teaching hospital in South India. Design: A 2 year prospective, longitudinal, hospital based observational study and its outcome. Participants:.......

Keywords: Diaphyseal fractures, Interlocking Nail, Dynamisation.

[1]. Rockwood and Greens fractures in adults, seventh edition, 2010 volume 1.
[2]. West Afr J Med. 2014 Jan-Mar;33(1):16-20. Comparison of unreamed interlocking nail and external fixation in open tibia shaft fracture management.[Article in English, French] Esan O1, Ikem IC, Oginni LM, Esan OT.
[3]. Arne Ekeland, B. Jorn. O. Thoresen, Antti Alho, Kunt Stromsoe, gunnar et al. Interlocking intramedullary nailing in the treatment of tibial fractures 1988; CORR, 231: 208-15.
[4]. Court Brown C.M., Christie J, MC Queen M.M; closed Intramedullary tibial nailing its use in closed type or open type of fractures; Journal of bone and joint surgery, 1990, 72B:605-11.
[5]. Christie J.: The coagulative effects of fat embolization during intramedullary manipulative procedures; Tech Orthop, 1996, 11: 14-7.

Abstract: Purpose: To investigate the predisposing factors and clinical presentations of keratitis caused by mixed infectious agents (bacteria and fungi). Methods: This was a prospective study of cases with mixed bacterial and fungal keratitis, done between May 2015 and February 2016 in outdoor unit of Department of Ophthalmology, Maharani Laxmi Bai Medical College, Jhansi. Thirty cases of mixed bacterial and fungal keratitis were identified. Samples (corneal swabs and.......

Keywords:Fungal corneal ulcer, Bacterial corneal ulcer, etiological agent

[1]. Bharathi MJ, Ramakrisnan R, Vasu S, Meenakshi R. Aetiological Diagnosis of Microbial Keratitis In South India. Indian J Med Microbial 2002; 20: 19-24.
[2]. Upadhyay M P, Karmacharya P C, Koirala S, Tuladhar N R, Bryan L E, Smolin G, et al (1991).Epidemiological characteristics, predisposing factors and etiologic diagnosis of corneal ulceration in Nepal. Am J Ophthalmol; 111:92-99.
[3]. Prosant Grag MS. Corneal Ulcer Diagnosis And Management. Community Eye Health 1997; 12: 30.
[4]. Gomes DJ, Huq F, Sharif A. Bacterial Corneal Ulcer. Bang Med Journal 1989; 18: 7-12.

[5]. Sharif Ma. Khan Anga, Hossain T, Gomes Dj. Corneal Ulcer In Bangladesh: Aetiologic Diagnosis. Trans Ophthal Soc Bang 1990; 17: 12-21.

Abstract: Aim: To study the cases of sacrococcygeal tumors in our institution Materials and methods: 23 cases of sacrococcygeal tumors presented over a period of 5 years and complete excision with coccygectomy was attempted in all. Follow up was done for all cases. Results:Female to male ratio was 2.28:1.The median age at presentation was at 8 days. Altman type 1 was the most common (69.5%) and type 3 was the least common (4.3%) type seen. The antenatal detection rate was poor (5/23). Complete excision with coccygectomy could be done in 21 of the 23 cases............

Keywords:Complete excision, Sacrococcygeal tumors, Recurrence

[1]. Alberto S Pappo ,Fariba Naved ,Rachel C Brennan ,Mathew J Krasin ,Andrew M Davidoff and Wayne L Furman, Solid tumors of childhood ,in Devita (Ed.), Cancer Principles and practice of oncology 10th Edtn (USA, Wolters Kluwer health, 2011) 1496

[2]. Thomas A, Dominik T Schneider, Elizabeth J Perlman, Germ cell tumor, in Pizzo Poplack (Ed.), Principles and practice of paediatric oncology 6th Edtn, ( USA, Wolters Kluwer health, 2011) 1045-1056.

[3]. Werb, Scurry J, Ostor A, et al., Survey of congenital tumors in perinatal necropsies, Pathology 24:247-253,1992.

[4]. Jean-martin, Kenneth S Shaw, Teratoma Dermoid and other soft tissue tumors, in George Hollocomb, Ashcarft's Pediatric surgery 4th Edtn,( USA, Elsevier, 2006) 976-977

[5]. Hendrick Hl, et al. Sacrococcygeal teratoma: Prenatal assessment fetal intervention and outcome, J paediatric surgery 39:430-438, 2004.

Abstract: Wilson's disease aka progressive hepatolenticular degeneration is an unwonted genetic disorder of copper metabolism. Though its pathogenic inception lies within the hepatobiliary system, the brunt of relentless copper accretion is borne across a multisystemic terrain. The complex symptomatology of this syndrome mandates a high index of suspicion as left undiagnosed it has a tenacious progression with resultant severe disability & death. An accurate & timely diagnosis allows initiation of optimal treatment regimens to prevent or revert its protean manifestations............

Keywords: Copper storage disease, Hepatolenticular degeneration, Wilson disease

[1]. A. B. Taly LKP, S. Sinha. Wilson's disease: An Indian perspective. Neurology India. 2009;Sept-Oct 57(5):528-40.
[2]. Wu Q-YDaZ-Y. Advance in the pathogenesis and treatment of Wilson disease;Translational Neurodegeneration.2012; 1(23):1-8.
[3]. Seiji Hitoshi MI, Kohki Yoshikawa. Mid-brain pathology of Wilson's disease: MRI analysis of three cases. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry. 1991;54:624-6.
[4]. Ujjawal Roy AP, Zakir Hussain, Debsadhan Biswas. The entire spectrum of typical and atypical magnetic resonance imaging changes in a single case of Wilson's disease. J Neurosci Rural Pract. 2016;7:321-22.
[5]. Yue Zhang Z-YW. Wilson's disease in Asia. Neurology Asia. 2011;16(2):103 – 9.

Abstract: Background: Right thoracoscopy requires selective left endobronchial intubation which is technically difficult and demanding. We are presenting our experience of selective left bronchus intubation without any guidance, using a novel technique. Methods: 39 consecutive children below 12 years underwent right thoracoscopy from June 2014- Jan 2016. Endotracheal tube was kept in the freezer for 60 seconds to provide slight stiffness. Selective left bronchial intubation was done using neck extension, head tilt towards the right and left chest elevation maneuver. The tip of tube was rotated by 90° after 9cm to guide it towards left main bronchus. Maximum of three attempts were tried and ET tube kept in the trachea if selective intubation was not possible..........

Keyword: Left endobronchial intubation, thoracoscopy, empyema.

[1]. Shah R, Reddy AS, Dhende NP. Video assisted thoracic surgery in children. J Minim Access Surg 2007;3:161‑7.
[2]. Ris HB, Krueger T. Video‑assisted thoracoscopic surgery and open decortication for pleural empyema. Multimed Man Cardiothorac Surg 2004; 10:1510.

[3]. Morgan, Mikhail. Chapter 42: Clinical anesthesiology (5th edition). New York: Lange Medical Books/McGraw Hill Medical Pub. Division, 877-906.

[4]. Arya VK. Basics of fluid and blood transfusion therapy in paediatric surgical patients. Indian J Anaesth 2012; 56:454-62.

[5]. HammerGB, Fitzmaurice BG, Brodsky JB.Methods for single-lung ventilation in pediatric patients. Anesth Analg. 1999; 89(6):1426–9.

Abstract: Induction of labour is initiation of uterine activity by an independent stimulus to achieve vaginal delivery after 28 weeks of gestation before the onset of spontaneous labour. Here is a detail study of 25micro gram of misoprostol drug effectiveness comparison in sublingual and vaginal routes for the induction of labour at term pregnancy(37-42 week).

Keywords: Induction of labour, misoprostol, sublingual and vaginal route.

[1]. S.S . Ratnam,Bhasakar Rao Arul Kumaran,Obstetrics and Gynecology for postgraduates vol.-1;2004p.96-108.
[2]. Mudaliar and menon's clinical obstetrics 9th edition and 10th edition causation and stages of labour 85- 96.
[3]. Ian Donald's practical obstetric problems.seventh Edition induction of labour, p. 496-513.
[4]. William Obstetrics, induction and augmentation of labour 24nd edition p.523 – 535.
[5]. S. Arul Kumaran – the management of labour 2nd edition 2005;306-318.

Abstract: Background: The World Health Organization (WHO) estimated that, in the year 2000, 20 million women suffered acute complications in pregnancy with the occurrence of 529,000maternal deaths. Nevertheless, in a systematic review using disease-specific criteria, near miss rates have been reported to be between 0.6% and 14.98%. Aims and objective: The purpose of this study was to document the frequency and causes of near miss and maternal deaths and to analyse the trend of near miss events.......

Keywords: near-miss, maternal mortality, haemorrhage,septicemia, live-birth

[1]. WHO U, UNFPA, The World Bank, Maternal mortality 2005.Estimates developed by WHO, UNICEF, UNFPA and the World Bank.Geneva: The World Health Organization 2007.
[2]. P Luexay, L Malinee, L Pisake and BC Marie-Helene, Maternal near-miss and mortality in Sayaboury Province, Lao PDR, BMC Public Health, 14, sept 2014, 945.
[3]. P Chhabra, Maternal near miss: An indicator for maternal health and maternal care, Indian Journal Community Medicine, Jul-Sept,39(3); 2014, 132-137.
[4]. L Say, JP Souza, A Pattison, Maternal near miss towards a standard tool for monitoring quality of maternal health care, Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynecol, 23(3), 2009, 287-96.
[5]. O Tuuncalp, M J Hindin, JP Souza, D Ch and L Say, The prevalence of maternal near miss: a systematic review,British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 119(6), 2012, 653-61.

Abstract: Introduction: The high morbidity & mortality associated with ICSOLs necessitates their early diagnosis so as to plan the required intervention. Intracranial Space occupying lesions (ICSOL) can be neoplastic, inflammatory or infective in aetiology. Widely available imaging techniques, computed tomography (CT) & magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are used to detect these lesions. This study was done to evaluate the ICSOL on neuroimaging & correlate the clinical findings with the radiological assessment........

Keywords: ICSOL ,Clinical presentation, CT, MRI,

[1]. Butt M.E, Khan S.A, Chaudhary NA, Qureshi GR. Intracranial space occupying lesions a morphological analysis. E:/biomedica 2005;21:31-5. Available from: 888http://www.thebiomedicapk.com/articles/31.pdf.
[2]. Rathod V, Bhole A, Chauhan M, Ramteke H, Wani B: Study of clinico-radiological & clinico-pathological correlation of intracranial space occupying lesion at rural center. The Internet Journal of Neurosurgery. 2010;7(1). doi: 10.5580/ba1.
[3]. Mahmoud MZ. Intra Cranial Space Occupying Lesions In Saudi Patients Using Computed Tomography. Asian J Med Radiol Res 2013;1(1):25-8. Available from: http://www.researchgate.net/publication/236869508.
[4]. Irfan A, Qureshi A. Intracranial space occupying lesions- Review of 386 cases. J Pak Med Assoc 1995;45:319.
[5]. Kadri H, Mawla AA, Murad L. Incidence of childhood brain tumor in Syria (1993-2002). Pediatr Neurosurg 2005;41(4):173-7. doi:10.1159/000086557.

Abstract: Epistaxis is one of the most frequently encountered emergencies reported to occur in up to 60% of the general population. It has a bimodal age presentation with incidence peaks in below 25 years and above 50 years of age and affects males twice more than females. The Kiesselbach's plexus is responsible for most anterior epistaxis accounting for 85 to 95%, but easy to identify and treat. Posterior epistaxis which constitute 5 to 15% are often more severe, difficult to locate and treat..........

Keywords: angiofibroma, epistaxis, hypertension, road traffic accident, idiopathic

[1]. Douglas R, Wormald PJ. Update on epistaxis. Curr opin Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2007; 15:180-3.
[2]. Kucik CJ, Clenney T. Management of epistaxis. Am Fam Physician 2005; 71:305-11.
[3]. Hussain G, Iqbal M, Shah SA, Said M, Sanaullah, Khan SA, et al. Evaluation of aetiology and efficiacy of management protocol of epistaxis. J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad 2006; 18 (4):63-6.
[4]. Viducich RA, Blanda MP, Gerson LW. Posterior epistaxis: Clinical features and acute complications. Ann Emerg Med 1995;25: 592-596.
[5]. D. J. Pallin, Y. M. Chng, M. P. McKay, J. A. Emond, A. J.Pelletier, and C. A. Camargo Jr., "Epidemiology of epistaxis in US emergency departments, 1992 to 2001," Annals of Emergency Medicine, vol. 46, no. 1, pp. 77–81, 2005.

Abstract: As the surgeries done by laparoscopy are increasing, associated complications are also increasing. One among them is port site infection especially port site infections due to Atypical Mycobacteriae .There is a concern about the effectiveness of sterilizing reusable laparoscopic instruments which might be a potential source of these infections, if not properly sterilized. Here we present a case report of port site tuberculosis following laparoscopic appendicectomy which was managed effectively by surgery and anti tubercular drugs.........

Keywords: Atypical mycobacteria,Non-healing sinus, Port site infection, Sterilization,

[1]. Port-site Non-tuberculous Mycobacterial Infection after LaparoscopicCholecystectomy: A Case Series StudyTAF Preventive Medicine Bulletin, 2013:12(4).,TAF Prev Med Bull 2013;12(4):481-484
[2]. Persistent port-site sinus in a patient afterlaparoscopic cholecystectomy: watch outfor gallbladder tuberculosis. Hepatobiliary Pancreat Dis IntVol 10No 3 • June 152011 • www.hbpdint.com
[3]. Port site tuberculosis after laparoscopic cholecystectomy: A rare complication with review of literature. -- http://www.ijhas.in on Friday, May 06, 2016, IP: 223.235.32.70
[4]. Port-Site Tuberculosis After Laparoscopy -- JAFMC Bangladesh. Vol 7, No 2 (December) 2011

Abstract: Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of socioeconomic status on patient expectation from the treatment through a Questionnaire based survey. Material and Method: The Present study was conducted in region of Delhi. 1500 completely edentulous patients with age group of 63-74 yrs who report to Dental OPD first time are taken for the study from the period of January 2015 to January 2016.The sample questionnaire was designed to test the hypothesis. Results were statistically evaluated........

[1]. Levin B,Landersman HM.A Practical Questionnaire for Predicting denture success or failure.J Prosthet Dent.February 1976;35(2):124-30.

[2]. Davis EL, Albino JE, Tedesco LA etal. Expectations and satisfaction of denture patients in a university clinic.J Prosthet Dent. 1986 Jan;55(1):59-63.
[3]. Mojon P, MacEntee M .Discrepancy between need for prosthodontic treatment and complaints in an elderly edentulous population . .Community Dent Oral Epidemiol. 1992 Feb;20(1):48-52.
[4]. Marcus PA, Joshi A, Jones JA, etal.Complete edentulism and denture use for elders in New England.J Prosthet Dent. 1996 Sep;76(3):260-6.

Abstract: Background: Childhood blindness is one of the priority eye diseases within the disease controls strategy of the "VISION 2020"initiative. Aim: To evaluate postoperative visual status for distance and near after paediatric cataract surgery. Materials and Methods: It is a hospital based retrospective and prospective medical record retrieval type of cohort study. A review of paediatric cataract cases operated between September 2014 to August 2015 in department of ophthalmology at medical college, Jhansi (U.P) was done............

Keywords: cataract, distant vision, near vision, paediatric cataract, visual outcomes.

[1]. World Health Organization. Prevention of blindness and deafness. Global Initiative for the Elimination of Avoidable Blindness. WHO Document WHO/PBL/97.61 Rev 2. Geneva: WHO; 2000.
[2]. Gilbert CE, Canovas R, Hagan M, Rao S, Foster A. Causes of childhood blindness: Results from west Africa, south India and Chile. Eye (Lond) 1993;7(Pt 1):184-8.
[3]. Dandona L, Williams JD, Williams BC, Rao GN. Populationbased assessment of childhood blindness in southern India. Arch Ophthalmol 1998;116:545-6.
[4]. Rahi JS, Sripathi S, Gilbert CE, Foster A. Childhood blindness in India: Causes in 1318 blind school students in nine states. Eye (Lond) 1995;9(Pt 5):545-50.
[5]. Rahi JS, Dezateux C. National cross sectional study of detection of congenital and infantile cataract in the United Kingdom: Role of childhood screening and surveillance. The British Congenital Cataract Interest Group. BMJ 1999;318:362-5.

Abstract: MDS/MPN Unclassifiable is rare disease with mixed myelodysplastic and myeloproliferative features and cannot categorised into MDS OR MPN.WHO 2008 defined a MDS/MPN overlap category that includes 1) MDS/MPN Unclassifiable, 2)CMML, 3)JMML 4)Atypical CML,BCR-ABL 1 negative 5)Refractory anemia with ring sideroblasts and thrombocytosis MDS features with <20% blasts (not due to treatment)Prominent myeloproliferative features (leukocytosis,thrombocytosis,splenomegaly)No recent cytotoxic / growth factors Treatment Ph1negative,PDGFRA/PDGFRB negative, no del 5q, t(3;3) or inv 3 ORDenovo features of MDS/MPN that cant be assigned to another category..........

[1]. WHO classification of leukemia and lymphoma
[2]. Wintrobes hematology
[3]. Postgraduate hematology by victor hofbrand Tejindersingh atlas and textbook of hematology Kawathalakar book of hematology

Abstract: Hashimoto's thyroiditis is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease, organ-specific due to autoantibodies against thyroid antigens including thyroid peroxidase and thyroglobulin. This disease may be complicated by extra-thyroid manifestations such as neurological manifestations. We discuss in this work, clinical and pathophysiological aspects of neurological involvement (peripheral and central) in Hashimoto's thyroiditis, and the various complementary examinations and treatments.............

Keywords: autoimmune thyroiditis, neurological complications, central nervous system, peripheral nervous system.

[1]. Hahsimoto H. Zur Kenntniss der lymphomatösen Veränderung der Schilddrüse (Struma lymphomatosa). Arch Klin Chir Ver Dtsch Z Chir. 1912:219–48.
[2]. Radetti G. Clinical aspects of Hashimoto's Thyroiditis. Endocr Dev. 2014;26:158-70.
[3]. Caturegli P, De Remigis A, Rose NR. Hashimoto thyroiditis: clinical and diagnostic criteria. Autoimmun Rev. 2014;13(4-5):391-7.
[4]. Rallison ML, Dobyns BM, Keating FR, Rall JE, Tyler FH. Occurrence and natural history of chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis in childhood. J Pediatr. 1975;86:675–682.
[5]. Antonelli A, Ferrari SM, Corrado A, Di Domenicantonio A, Fallahi P. Autoimmune thyroid disorders. Autoimmun Rev. 2015;14:174–180.

Abstract: Hydatidiform mole (HM) is characterized by atypical hyperplastic trophoblasts and hydropic villi. It forms a heterogeneous group of disorders, with an incidence ranging from 1 in 500 to 1 in 1 500 pregnancies in the Western World. The incidence in our region was reported to be 1 in 452 pregnancies, whereas the incidence is higher in Asia reaching 1 in 80 pregnancies.1–3although recurrent molar pregnancies are a rare occurrence seen in 1 to 2% of cases, it is clear that women who have had a previous mole have a higher risk of recurrence than the general population.4............

[1]. Sebire NJ, Seckl MJ. Gestational trophoblastic disease: Current managementof hydatidiform mole. BMJ.2008;337:452–8.

[2]. Steigrad SJ. Epidemiology of gestational trophoblastic diseases. Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol.2003;17:837–47.

[3]. AlMulhim AA. Hydatiform mole. JFCM. 2000;7:57–61.

[4]. Bagshawe KD, Rent J, Webb J. Hydatidiform mole in England and Wales. Lancet. 1986;2:673–7.

[5]. Sebire NJ, Foskett RA, Fisher RA, Rees H, Seckl M, Newlands E. Risk of partial and complete hydatidiform molar pregnancy in relationship to age. BJOG. 2002;109:99–102.

Abstract: This is a clinic-hematological study, conducted in the winter months, at a tertiary care hospital, in South India, to identify the causes of pancytopenia. Out of total 1983 cases of complete hemograms, 28 cases were categorized as pancytopenias and out of these 12 cases were subjected to bone marrow examination. The remaining 16 cases of pancytopenia, were put on periodic follow up with peripheral blood smear examination, based on clinical data. The period of study was during the winter months, with increased frequency of viral fevers. Hence, one should not be in a hurry to do a bone marrow examination, as the transient decrease in the counts, may improve , as the fever subsides and also it is important not to hesitate doing the procedure............

Keywords: pancytopenia, bone marrow, viral fever.

[1]. Williams WJ, BentkrE, Erskv AJ. Hematology-third edition, Singapore, McGraw Hill Book company 1986; 161-84.
[2]. Khodek K, Morwans, Buxi G, Yadav RB, Chaturvedi NK. Bone marrow examination in case of pancytopenia. J Indian Academy of Clin Med. 2001; 2:55-59
[3]. Tilak N, Jain R. Pancytopenia-A clinical and hematological analysis of 77 cases. Indian J Pathol Microbiol 1999; 42(4): 399-404.
[4]. Bodem CR, Hamory BH, Taylor HM, Kleopfer L.Granulomatous bone marrow disease. A review of the literature and clinicopathologic analysis of 58cases. Medicine(Blatmore).1983 Nov;62(6):372-83.
[5]. PEASE GL.Granulomatous lesions in bone marrow.Blood,1956 Aug:11(8):720-34.

Abstract: The aim of the study was to transadapt speech, spatial and qualities of hearing scale in Hindi language and to compare the performance of native Hindi speaking elderly hearing impaired across the unaided, aided monoaural and aided binaural hearing conditions using the Hindi transadapted speech, spatial and qualities of hearing scale. A total of sixty native Hindi speaking elderly hearing impaired individuals within the age range of 50–65 years participated in the study. Group 1 comprised of 30 participants using behind the ear hearing aid fitted in one ear and Group 2 comprised of 30 participants using behind the ear hearing aids fitted in both ears..........

Keywords: hearing impairment, hearing aid, geriatric, monoaural and binaural.

[1]. Banh, J., Singh, G., & Pichora-Fuller, M.K. (2012). Age affects responses on the Speech, Spatial and Qualities of Hearing scale
(SSQ) by adults with minimal audiometric loss. Journal of the American Academy of Audiology.23:81–91.
[2]. Beijen, J.W., Snik, A.F.M., Mylanus, E.A.M. (2007). Sound Localization Ability of Young Children with Bilateral Cochlear
Implants. Otology & Neurotology. 28(4):479–485.
[3]. Bess, F. H., Lichtenstein, M. J., Logon. S. A., Burger, M. C. & Nelson, E. (1989). Hearing Impairment as a determinant of function
in the elderly. Journal of American Geriatric Society. 37, 123-128.
[4]. Fuller C, Free R, Maat B, Başkent D. (2012). Musical background not associated with self-perceived hearing performance or speech
perception in postlingual cochlear-implant users. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America. 2012; 132(2):1009–1016.
[5]. Gatehouse, S., Noble, W. (2004). The Speech, Spatial and Qualities of Hearing Scale, International Journal of Audiology. 43(2), 85-
99.

Abstract:Background: alar -base reduction requiring three dimensional manipulations of nasal tissues is one of the most challenging rhinological procedures facing surgeons. Because of it's unique anatomical configuration no standard reduction procedures exist. 1.2, Aim of study: To assesses post operative outcomes and complications of alar-base reduction. 1.3, Patient and method: A randomized case series prospective study conducted on 124 patients undergoing open rhinoplasty operation with alar-base reduction (sill excision, wedge excision or combination of both) in Sulaimaniyah teaching center and Azmar private hospital from October 2014 to November 2015, patients were assessed post-operatively for nasal obstruction, lose of alar creases, visible external incision and nostril asymmetry at seven days, 1month, 3 month and 6 month, collected data analyzed statistically using SPSS version..........

Keywords:Alar-Base reduction, Sill-excision, Wedge resection, Asymmetrical nostril.

........

Abstract: Complete maxillary and mandibular dentures have been used as a conventional treatment modality for the rehabilitation of edentulous patients. However complete maxillary dentures are usually well tolerated but many patients encounter problems like difficulty to chew and swallow with the complete mandibular denture because it is too unstable. Studies have shown that a mandibular two-implant retained overdenture is superior to the conventional denture in terms of retention and stability............

Keywords: Implant-retained, Overdenture, Retention, Stability,

[1]. Mericsker-Stern R. Treatment outcome with implant-supported overdenture: Clinical considerations. J Prosthet Dent. 1998;79(1):66–73.
[2]. Bakke M, Holm B, Gotfredsen K. Masticatory function and patient satisfactionwith implant-supported mandibular overdentures: a prospective 5-year study. International Journal of Prosthodontics 2002;15:575–81.
[3]. Berretin-Felix G, Nary Filho H, Padovani CR, Trindade Junior AS, Machado WM. Electromyographic evaluation of
[4]. mastication and swallowing in elderly individuals with mandibular fixed implantsupported prostheses. Journal of Applied
[5]. Oral Science 2008;16:116–21.

Abstract: Objective:to assess individual craniofacial variation bases on correlation between sagittal and vertical cephalometric parameters among Chinese adults using harmony box derived from regression analysis. Materials and Methods: Eighty-two subjects (46 females and 36 males) aged 18-26 years from China with harmonious facial appearance were selected. The cephalometric angular measurements of SNA, NL-NSL, NSBa, ML-NSL, and SNB were analyzed by1. Pearson's correlation coefficient to ascertain the association among these five variables under study, 2. bivariate linear regression analysis to determine varying norms of five correlated variables using harmony box and 3. multiple regression analysis and standard error of the estimate to establish harmony schema that illustrates theindividual craniofacial pattern............

Keywords: Harmony box; Harmony schema; Craniofacial patterns; Cephalometric parameters

[1]. Broadbent BH.A new x-ray technique and its application to orthodontia. Angle Orthod. 1931;1:45-66.
[2]. Hofrath H. Bedeutung der Rontgenfern und Abstands Aufnahme fur die Diagnostic der Kieferanomalein. Fortschr der Orthod. 1931;1:231-258.
[3]. McNamara JA Jr and Ellis E. Cephalometric analysis of untreated adults with ideal facial and occlusal relationships. Int J Adult Orthodon Orthognath Surg. 1988;3:221-231.
[4]. Miyajima K, McNamara JA Jr, Kimura T, Murata T, and Iizuka T. Craniofacial structure of Japanese and European-American adults with normal occlusions and well-balanced faces. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1996;110:431-438.
[5]. Bishara SE and Fernandez AG. Cephalometric comparisons of the dentofacial relationships of two adolescent populations from Iowa and northern Mexico. Am J Orthod. 1985;88:314-322.

Abstract: Introduction: seizures account for around 0.7-1.2 % of all the emergency department visits. The epidemiological presentation of seizure in emergency setting in hilly state of Himachal Pradesh has not been studied. The aim of the study was to characterize emergency department visits for seizure in large representative Himachal population. Methods: Seizure visits in emergency department of Indira Gandhi Medical College from 1 july 2013 to 31 june 2014 were analysed and demographic factors associated with presentation, laboratory investigations and neuroimaging were studied............

Keywords: seizures, emergency department, himachal Pradesh, neuroimaging, antiepileptic drugs

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[2]. Epilepsia 1989; 30: 175- 81.
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[4]. seizures: a multicenter study. Acad Emerg Med 2001; 8: 622- 8.
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Abstract: Introduction: Trichodynia refers to pain, discomfort or paresthesia of the scalp. It is a very common, relatively new and usually under diagnosed entity. It is frequently related with diseases of hair loss like Telogen Effluvium, Alopecia Areata and Androgenic Alopecia. Methodology: 300 subjects were recruited after taking written informed consent for study, including 100 cases of Androgenic Alopecia, Alopecia Areata and control each. First each group was analyzed for the presence of Trichodynia, then the patients with Trichodynia were evaluated for anxiety and depression by applying Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety (HAM-A) and Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAM-D).............

[1]. Rebora A, Semino MT, Guarrera M: Trichodynia (letter). Dermatology 1996;192:292–293.
[2]. Rebora A. Trichodynia: a review of the literature. Int J Dermatol. 2015 Dec 23. doi: 10.1111/ijd.13204.
[3]. Willimann B, Trüeb RM. Hair pain (Trichodynia): frequency and relationship to hair loss and patient gender. Dermatology 2002; 205: 374–377.
[4]. Hoss D, Segal S. Scalp dysesthesia. Arch Dermatol 1998; 134: 327–330.
[5]. Ozturk P, Orhan FO, Ozer A, et al. Evaluation of Anxiety and Levels of Serum B12, Folate, TSH, Ferritin, and Zinc in Telogen Alopecia Patients with Trichodynia. Int J Trichol 2012; 4: 251–254.

Abstract: Introduction: Psoriasis is chronic disease where treatments are often needed throughout life. Since 1806, when Thomas girdlestone used potassium arsenate for Psoriasis to present era, we are still in search of drug which can cure this disease. Azathioprine is a relatively safe drug which has not been tested vigourously for chronic plaque type Psoriasis. Aims and objectives: To evaluate and compare the effect of Methotrexate and Azathioprine in chronic plaque type Psoriasis...........

[1]. Griffiths CEM, Camp RDR, Barker JNWN. Psoriasis. In: Burns D, Breathnach S, Cox N, Griffiths C, editors. Rook's textbook of dermatology. Oxford: Blackwell Science; 2010. pp. 20.1–20.60.
[2]. Christopher E.Psoriasis –Epidemiology and clinical spectrum. Clin Exp Dermatol 2001; 26:314-320.
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Abstract: Purpose : The purpose of this prospective study is to present the epidemiological information known and the factors believed to cause the development of the disease and to evaluate the corneal topography and pachymetry of young patients suffering with keratoconus. Methods: The study comprised of 36 eyes of 18 patients of keratoconus attending the outdoor unit of Department of Ophthalmology, Maharani Laxmi Bai Medical College, Jhansi between July 2015 and April 2016. Data were collected on demographic characteristics, general health, family history, eye rubbing, allergy,...........

Keywords:Keratoconus, Risk factors, Corneal Topography, Corneal Pachymetry

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