iosr-JDMS   Volume-15 ~ Issue-5 ~ May-2016

Abstract: Male infertility is a common problem1,2. It can be devastating to a couple trying to conceive. Statistics reveal that 15 % of all marriage in future faces the problem of infertility1-4. A study of semen analysis and testicular biopsy was done in 42 azoospermic male.. The main aim of the study was to evaluate the cytological features of testicular FNAC in azoospermia and to study the correlation between cytological and histological diagnosis...............

Keywords: Azoospermia, Fine needle aspiration cytology, Infertility.

[1] Bayasgalan G, Naranbat D, Tsedmaa B, Tsogmaa B, Sukhee D, Amarjargal O, et al. Clinical patterns and major causes of infertility in Mongolia. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2004;30:386–93.
[2] Jarow JP, Espeland MA, Lipshultz LI. Evaluation of the azoospermic patient. J Urol 1989;142:62–5.
[3] Altay B, Hekimgil M, Cikili N, Turna B, Soydan S. Histopathological mapping of open testicular biopsies in patients with unobstructive azoospermia. BJU Int 2001;87: 834–7.
[4] World Health Organization. WHO laboratory manual for the examination of human semen and sperm–cervical mucus interaction. 4th ed. Cambridge:Cambridge University Press; 1999.
[5] Meng MV, Cha I, Ljung BM, Turek PJ. Testicular fine-needle aspiration in infertile men: Correlation of cytologic pattern with biopsy histology. Am J Surg Pathol 2001;25:71–9.

Abstract: Now-a-days, caesarean section is a most common practice in Obstetric practices. Post Caesarean wound infection is a widespread aversion to caesarean delivery in developing countries. In order to control and prevent the post C/S wound infection in our places, there is a need to assess the relative contribution of each etiological factor. The aims this study to determine the incidence of post caesarean section wound infections among the patients at Misurata Central Hospital and Al-khoms teaching hospital in Libya and to identify risk factors and common bacterial pathogens in the same places........

Keywords: Post caesarean section wound infection, Al-khoms and Misurata Hospital.

[1]. Arabashahi KS and Koohpayezade J (2006) Investigation of risk factors for surgical wound infection among teaching hospital in Tehran. Int Wound J. 3:59–62.

[2]. Dhar H, Al-Busaidi I, Rathi B, Nimre EA, Sachdeva V and Hamdi I (2014) A Study of Post-Caesarean Section Wound Infections in a Regional Referral Hospital, Oman. Sultan Qaboos University Med . 14(2): e211-217.
[3]. Gibbs RS, Blanco JD and St. Clair PJ (1983) A case-control study of wound abscess after cesarean delivery. Obstet Gynecol 62:498-503.

[4]. Gong SP, Guo HX, Zhou HZ, Chen L and Yu YH (2012) Morbidity and risk factors for surgical site infection following cesarean section in Guangdong Province, China. J Obstet Gynaecol Res. 38:509–515.
[5]. Jamie W and Duff P (2003) Preventing infections during elective C/S and abdominal hysterectomy. Contemp Obstet Gynecol.60-69.

Abstract: Background and objectives: To study the abnormalities in the choroidal circulation in cases of central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) and to compare it with fundus fluorescein angiography. Setting and Design: Prospective, interventional and non comparative case series in a tertiary eye care institute. Material and Methods: 40 consecutive cases of CSC were included in the study. A complete clinical ophthalmological examination was performed.........

Keywords: Abnormal choroidal circulation, central serous chorioretinopathy, fluorescein angiography, indocyanine green angiography.

[1] Uyama M, Matsunaga H, Matsubara T, et al. indocyanine Green Angiography and pathophysiology of multifocal posterior pigment
epitheliopathy. Retina, 19(1),1999,12-21
[2] Spitznas M: Pathogenesis of Central Serous Retinopathy: a new working hypothesis. Graefes Arch Clin Exp. Ophthalmol, 224(4),
1986, 321-324.
[3] Kitaya N, Nagaoka T, Hikichi T, Sugawara R, et al. features of abnormal choroidal circulation in central Serous Chorioretinopathy.
Br. J. Ophthalmol , 87(6), 2003, 709-712.
[4] Hayashi K, Hasegawa Y, Tokoro T: Indocytanine Green Angiography of central serous Chorioretinopathy. Int. Ophthalmol, 9(1),
1986, 37-341.
[5] Iida T, Kishi S, Hagimura N, et al. persistent and bilateral choroidal vascular abnormalities in Central Serous Chorioretinopathy.
Retina , 19(6), 1999, 508-12.

Abstract: Background and Objectives` Various drug regimens and alternative airway techniques have been used to attenuate the stress response to Laryngoscopy and intubation including Laryngeal mask airway. The aim of this prospective randomised double blind study was to compare the hemodynamic response during insertion of Classic LMA with Proseal LMA........

Keywords: Classic LMA, Proseal LMA, Hemodynamic changes

[1]. Wilson IG, Fell D, Robinson SL, Smith G – Cardiovascular responses to insertion of LMA Anaesthesia 1992; 47:300-2.
[2]. Braude N, Clements EA, Hodges UM, Andrews BP - the pressor response and laryngeal mask insertion. A comparison with tracheal
intubation. Anaesthesia 1989; 44 : 551-4.
[3]. Hickey S Cameron AE, Asbury AJ. Cardiovascular response to insertion of Brains laryngeal mask. Anaesthesia 1990; 45 : 629-33.
[4]. Evans NR, Gardner SV, James MF, King JA, Roux P, Bennett P, Nattrass R, Visu D. The Proseal laryngeal mask: results of a
descriptive trial with experience of 300 cases. Br J Anaesthesia 2002; 88: 534-9.
[5]. Brimacombe J , Keller C. The Proseal LMA – a randomized crossover study with the standard LMA in paralysed, anaesthetized
patients. Anaesthesiology 2000; 93:104-9

Abstract: Liver size estimation can be used as an indicator for evaluation of various hepatic or systemic pathological conditions like inflammatory diseases, metabolic diseases and malignancies. There are two main methods of liver size estimation, clinical assessment and diagnostic imaging technique of liver. Clinical assessment includes bedside examination of liver by palpation, percussion and ballottement. There are many limitations for bedside assessment of liver........

Keywords: Normal liver span, Ultrasound in Midclavicular Line, Anthropometric variables, Height, Weight and Body Mass Index.

[1] Emad S. Tarawneh, Azmy M. Hadidy, Azmi A. Haroun, Waleed S. Mahafza, Osama A. Samara, Fadi M. Arafeh, Abedallatif
A. Alsharif. Ultrasound Measurement of Liver Span in Jordanian Adults: A Preliminary Experience. J Med J 2009; September:
Vol. 43(3)
[2] Joseph D Sapira, Dorothy L. Williamson, MD. How big is the normal liver? Arch Intern Med 1979; 139:971–73
[3] Christoph F. Dietrich, Carla Serra, Maciej Jedrzejczyk EFSUMB-European Course Book Ultrasound of the liver, University of
Bologna. Department of Diagnostic Imaging, 2nd Medical Faculty of Warsaw Medical University
[4] Bhavna Dhingra, Suvasini Sharma, Devendra Mishra, Reema Kumri, Ravindra Mohan Pandey and Shailendra Aggarwa. Normal
Values of Liver and Spleen Size by Ultrasonography in Indian Children. Indian Paediatrics ; June 17, 2010; Vol. 47

Abstract: Introduction: Stress is an inevitable part of medical education and lack of adequate stress coping skills may affect the students variedly. Objectives: To study the magnitude and causes of stress among first year medical students,to plan and implement an appropriate intervention.........

Keywords: Medical students,stress, coping, gender differences.

[1] Sidik, S.M., Rampal, L., &Kanesan, N. (2003) Prevalence of emotional disorders among medical students in a Malaysian
university.Asia Pacific Family Medicine, 2, pp. 213-217
[2] Article on stress related suicides in students in India
file:///H:/Stress%20chrome/Stress%20drives%2040%20students%20to%20suicide%20every%20year.html.
[3] sahanamadhyastha, MA,MPhil, Latha KS, DPSW,PhD, Asha Kamath, MSc,Phd stress and coping among final year medical
students.
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Edu 1995;29:119-27. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7623698

Abstract: Fingertip is defined as the skin, soft tissues, bone and nail of the digit distal to the insertion of the extensor and flexor tendons at the base of the distal phalanx. They are the most common injuries of the hand and can lead to a significant functional and cosmetic deficit if they are not treated appropriately..........

Keywords: Medical students,stress, coping, gender differences.

[1]. Allen MJ. Conservative Management Fingertip of Injuries In Adults. The hand. 1980; 12:257-265.
[2]. Argamaso RV. Rotation-transposition method of soft tissue replacement of the distal segment of the thumb. Plast. Reconstr. Surg.
1974; 54:366.
[3]. Atasoy E. The reversed cross-finger subcutaneous flap. J Hand Surg. 1982; 7:481.
[4]. Atasoy E. Cross thumb to index finger pedicle. J Hand Surg. 1980; 5:572.
[5]. Atasoy E, Loakimidis E, Kasdan ML, et al. Reconstruction of the amputated fingertip with a triangular volar flap-a new surgical
procedure. J.Bone Joint Surgeon. 1970; 52A:921.

Abstract: In critically ill intensive unit patients, due to any/all cause multiple organ involvement and deterioration of their function is a hallmark. Sequential assessment of vital organ function is a useful predictor of outcome of the disease irrespective of the cause.This study undertakes 100 continuously admitted patient in intensive care unit of South Indian tertiary care hospital and analysis SOFA scoring system [sequential organ failure assessment]in a prospective manner..........

[1]. ranieri VM, Giunta F, suter P,et al. Mechanical ventilation as a mediator of multi system organ failure in acute respiratory distress
syndrome. JAMA 2000;284:43-44
[2]. Treggiari MM, Martin DP, Yanez ND, et al. Effect of intensive care unit organizational model and structure on outcomes in patients
with acute lung injury. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2007; 1;176(7):685-690.
[3]. Harrison's Principle of internal medicine.
[4]. fan E, Needham DM,Stewart TE. Ventilator management of acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome. JAMA
1999;282:54-61
[5]. The national heart, lung and blood institute ARDS clinical network. Higher versus lower positive end expiratory pressure in patients
with acute respiratory distress syndrome. N Eng J Med 2004;351:327-336.

Abstract: Advertisements and awareness programmes have reached a saturation point in motivating parents to immunize their children, as lack of health awareness is set in their mind since young age. Alternatively, Information, Education and Communication (IEC) strategy given at school age might initiate health awareness owing to improved knowledge quotient (KQ), as they form future citizens. This experimental study assessed change in KQ on immunization among school students from rural and urban Pune..........

Keywords: Information, Education and Communication (IEC) strategy, immunization, knowledge quotient (KQ), School students

[1]. Vashishtha VM, P Kumar. 50 years of Immunization in India: Progress and Future. Indian Pediatr 2013; 50: 111-118.
[2]. Laxminarayan R, Ganguly, NK. India's Vaccine Deficit: Why more than half of Indian children are not fully immunized, and what
can and should be done. Health Aff 2011; 30: 61096-1103.
[3]. Wakefield MA, Loken B, Hornik RC. Use of mass media campaigns to change health behavior. Lancet. 2010 Oct 9; 376(9748):
1261–71.
[4]. Damielle A, Naugle Robert C, Hornik. Systematic review of the effectiveness of mass media interventions for child survival in low
and middle income countries. J Health Commun. 2014 May 6; 19 (sup1): 190–215. Epub 2014 Sep 10. Accessed on 24 Oct 2015

Abstract: Background: The surgical management of the gall bladder pathology has changed because of development of laparoscopic cholecystectomy , ultrasound and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). The Present study compares various ultrasonographic & clinical criteria with reference to laparoscopic Cholecystectomy.........

Keywords:Ultrasonography(USG),Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy (LC) , Cholelithiasis, Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography (ERCP).

[1]. Joe J. Tjandra, Gordon J.A. Clunie, Andrew H. Kaye, Julian A. Smith.3 edtn.Textbook of Surgery. Gallstones. 2006.109
[2]. Acalovski M. Cholesterol gallstones: from epidemiology to prevenmtion. Postgrad Med J 2001; 77:221-229.
[3]. karaliotas , Broelsch ,Habib . Liver and Biliary Tract Surgery. Gall Stone Disease. 2006.149.
[4]. karaliotas , Broelsch , Habib. Liver and Biliary Tract Surgery. Gall Stone Disease. 2006.150.
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[6]. Legorreta A, Silber J, Constantino G, et al. Increased cholecystectomy rate after introduction of laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
JAMA 1993;270:1429–1432 [PubMed: 8371441.

Abstract: Objectives: The objective of this study was to develop a standard exposure chart for a MINXRAY HF120/60HPPWV/PowerPlusTM which could be comfortably utilized for most mobile x-ray machines. It was highly relevant due to an alarming increase in trial method of exposure factor selection at most radiodiagnostic centres in the region..........

Keywords: Exposure factors, Kilovoltage, Tube Current, Exposure time

[1]. NDT. Resource Center. [Cited 26 December, 2015] Available from: https://www.ndeed.org/educationResources/CommunityCollege/radiography/introduction/history.htm
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Abstract: Introduction: Abnormal separation of CN7 much earlier in embryogenesis may be necessary for a bifurcation or trifurcation anomaly to result. Early division of the nerve at around 4-6 weeks may allow the displacement of one segment by the developing temporal bone structures.By the 8th week, the orientation of CN7 within the temporal bone has been established, with nerve's ultimate position and bony covering determined by development of stapes and membranous labyrinth..........

Keywords: Bifurcation, Facial nerve, Tympanic segment

[1]. Celin SE, Wilberger JE, Chen DA. Facial nerve bifurcation within the internal auditory canal. Otolaryngol Head and Neck Surg
1991; 104: 389-393
[2]. Christine M, Glastonbury, Nancy J, Fischbein, H. Ric Harnsberger, William P. Dillon and Thomas R. Kertesz. Congenital
Bifurcation of the Intratemporal Facial Nerve. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 24:1334-1337, August 2003.
[3]. Curtin H, May M. Double internal auditory canal associated with progressive facial weakness. Am J Otol 1986; 7: 275-281
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radiographic correlation. Am J Otolaryngol 1998: 19; 283-286

Abstract: Background: Eclampsia is defined as seizures which cannot be attributed to other causes in a woman with preeclampsia. Severe preeclampsia may be complicated by HELLP syndrome (hemolysis, elevated liver enzyme, low platelets).Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings of the head have been reported to be abnormal in up to 90% of women imaged. Abnormal findings include an increased signal at the gray-white matter junction on T2-weighted images, as well as cortical edema and hemorrhage. The syndrome of posterior reversible encephalopathy (PRES), indicative of central vasogenic edema, has been increasingly recognized as a component of eclampsia.........

Keywords: severe preeclampsia, eclampsia,PRES, seizures , neurological disturbances, MRI

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patients with eclampsia. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2013 Jun. 208(6):468.e1-6.
[5]. Sanders TG, Clayman DA, Sanchez-Ramos L, Vines FS, Russo L.Brain in eclampsia: MR imaging with clinical correlation.
Radiology 1991; 180: 475-8.

Abstract: Orthodontic appliances cause ulceration of the adjacent mucosa. Oral exfoliative cytology reveals the classical changes that may occur within the buccal mucosa that are in contact with the appliances. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the effects of stainless steel and ceramic orthodontic appliances on the epithelial cells of the buccal mucosa and to compare the morphometric and morphological alterations in the epithelial cells of the buccal mucosa adjacent to the metal and ceramic brackets at three time points.........

[1]. Arruda EP, Trevilatto PC, Camargo ES, Woyceichoski IE, Machado MA, Vieira I, et al. Preclinical alterations of oral epithelial
cells in contact with orthodontic appliances. Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub 2011;155:299‑ 303.
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Epidemiol 1989;17:154‑ 7.
[3]. Mehrotra R, Gupta A, Singh M, Ibrahim R. Application of cytology and molecular biology in diagnosing premalignant or malignant
oral lesions. Mol Cancer 2006;5:11.
[4]. Ogden GR, Cowpe JG, Green MW. Quantitative exfoliative cytology of normal buccal mucosa: Effect of smoking. J Oral Pathol
Med 1990;19:53‑ 5.

Abstract: Patient's expectations are variably reported to influence functional outcome and satisfaction after total knee arthroplasty. 154 patients with osteoarthritis of the knee were subjected to a questionnaire on their expectations of surgery in terms of expected time of recovery, expected pain after recovery, and expected limitations in everyday activities. Post operatively patients were followed to evaluate outcome both clinically and functionally using knee society clinical and functional scoring system. Correlation of pre operative
expectations to post operative outcome was assessed and parameters of expectation analysed........

[1]. Rasanen P, Paavolainen P, Sintonen H, Koivisto AM, Blom M, Ryynanen, et al. Effectiveness of hip or knee replacement surgery in
terms of quality-adjusted life years and costs. Acta Orthop; 2007;78(1):108-15.
[2]. Anakwe RE, Jenkins PJ, Moran M. Predicting dissatisfaction after total hip arthroplasty: A study of 850 patients. J Arthroplasty
2011;26(2):209-13
[3]. Fortin PR, Clarke AE, Joseph L, et al. Outcomes of total hip and knee replacement: preoperative functional status predicts
outcomes at six months after surgery. Arthritis Rheum 1999;42:1722–8.
[4]. Fortin PR, Penrod JR, Clarke AE, et al. Timing of total joint replacement affects clinical outcomes among patients with
osteoarthritis of the hip or knee. Arthritis. Rheum 2002;46:3327–30. Ackerman IN, Graves SE, Wicks IP, et al. Severely
compromised quality of life in women and those of lower socioeconomic status waiting for joint replacement. surgery. Arthritis
Rheum 2005;53:653–8.
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(TKR) in adults with osteoarthritis. Behav Med 2004;30(3):113-23.

Abstract: Background: Injections are preferred over oral medications by most of the patients, which is a common sight we come across in most hospitals of India. Majority of patients try self-medication at home or take over the counter medications in oral route for relief. If self-medication with oral therapy brings no relief, or when a fast cure is desired, patients tend to solicit providers for an injection.
Aims: To study the factors influencing preference for injections among patients attending rural field practice area of a medical college in Karnataka, India..........

Keywords: Injections, Oral medications, Preference, Rural area

[1]. Zewdie A, Wabe NT. The prevalence of therapeutic injections in Ethiopia: from the patients and health care providers: Gaziantep
Med J 2012;18(1):21-26
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Indonesia. WHO.
[3]. Injection practices in India. WHO South-East Asia Journal of Public Health 2012;1(2):189-200
[4]. KotwalA,PriyaR,Thakur R Gupta V, Kotwal J, Seth T. Injection practices in a metropolis of north India: perceptions, determinants
and issues of safety. Indian J Med Sci; 2004;58(8): 334-344
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Abstract: Superior mesenteric artery (SMA) syndrome is a rare acquired disorder in which acute angulation of SMA causes compression of the third part of the duodenum between the SMA and the aorta, leading to upper gastrointestinal obstruction .Loss of fatty tissue as a result of a variety of debilitating conditions is believed to be the etiologic factor, most frequently occurs in patients who have rapid weight loss. Identification of this syndrome can be a diagnostic dilemma........

Keywords: Arterio – mesenteric duodenal compression syndrome, chronic duodenal ileus, wilkie's syndrome, Superior mesenteric artery syndrome

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Abstract: Alcohol withdrawal syndrome confers a high risk of morbidity in orthopaedic practise. Hence early detection and screening of alcohol withdrawal syndrome in admitted orthopaedic patients prevents the associated complications and decreases the length of hospital stay and is cost effective as well as. The aim of this study is to evaluate the role of a screening protocol model - employing biochemical markers – MCV and γGT in conjunction with screening procedures of alcohol withdrawal syndrome (CAGE)..........

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orthopaedic inpatients on complications of surgery; Drug Alcohol Rev. 2008 Jan;27(1):55-64.
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