iosr-JDMS   Volume-15 ~ Issue-5 ~ May-2016

Abstract: The commonest distressing symptom seen in head and neck cancer (HNC) patients is pain which is consistently experienced as a moderate or severe symptom. Managing pain is one of the crucial aspects of cancer care. However, no researchers addressed this dimension of pain in cancer patients in this part of country. This study analysed the severity and spectrum of pain experienced by HNC patients in different stages of the disease encountered in this part of country. In our study the highest number of head and neck cancer patients (31.6%, n=19) were in the 41 to 50 years age group. On assessing the pain using the VAS,.......

Keywords: Head neck cancer, visual analogue scale, pain

[1]. A Bhattacharjee, A Chakraborty, P Purkaystha. Prevalence of Head and Neck Cancer in the North – East India – An institutional study. Indian Journal of Otolaryngology and head and neck surgery. Indian Journal of Otolaryngology and head and neck surgery.58 :1;2006, 15-19.
[2]. Teumissen, S., Wesker, W., Kruitwagen, C., de Haes, H., Voest, E., de Graeff, A. Symptom prevalence in patients with incurable cancer: A systematic review. Journal of Pain and Symptom Management, 34 (1). 2007.

[3]. Bajwa, ZH, Warfield, CA. Overview of cancer pain. 2007.
[4]. Caraceni A, Portenoy RK: An international survey of cancer pain characteristics and syndromes. IASP Task Force on Cancer Pain. International Association for Study of Pain. Pain. 82, 1999,263-74

Abstract: Background: Paediatric critical care medicine is a challenging contemporary subspecialty. The development of paediatric intensive care has contributed to the improved survival of critically ill children. Aim: To study andanalysethe deaths occurring over a period of one year in a Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) of a tertiary care teaching hospital. Methods: A prospective observational cohort study of deaths in PICU was conducted over a period of one year. Data collected was demographic profile, co morbidities, length of stay,diagnosis,ICU therapies like use of inotropesand mechanical ventilation (MV).......

Keywords:Causes, length of stay, pediatric intensive care unit, mortality.

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[2]. Tilford JM, Roberson PK, Lensing S, Fiser DH (1998) Differences in pediatric ICU mortality risk over time.Crit Care Med 26:1737- 1743.

[3]. Downes JJ. Development of paediatric critical care medicine –how did we get here and why? In: Evidence. Wheeler D, Wong H, Shanely T (eds). Paediatric critical care medicine: basic science and clinical evidence. London: Springer: 2007. p.3-32.
[4]. Pollack MM, Alexander SR, Clarke N, Ruttimann UE, Tesse- laar HM, Bachulis AC. Improved outcomes from tertiary center
pediatric intensive care: a statewide comparison of tertiary and nontertiary care facilities. Crit Care Med. 1991; 19: 150-159.
[5]. Gemke RJ, Bonsel GJ. Comparative assessment of pediatric intensive care: a national multicenter study. Pediatric Intensive Care
Assessment of Outcome (PICASSO) Study Group. Crit Care Med. 1995; 23: 238-245.

Abstract: Neurotuberculosis usually manifests as meningitis, tuberculoma, abscess or as vasculitis. Mycobacterium tuberculosis as an etiological factor for cavernous sinus thrombosis is extremely rare. Tuberculous bacteria causing multiple infarcts involving anterior and middle cerebral artery territories and cavernous sinus thrombosis along with tuberculoma............

Keywords:Cavernous sinus thrombosis, Tuberculosis, Stroke, Tuberculoma.

[1]. Laupland KB vascular and parameningeal infections of the head and neck. Infect Dis Clin North Am. June 2007; 21(2):577-90,viii.
[2]. Duong DK,Leo MM, Mitchell EL.Neuro-opthalmology.Emerg Med ClinAm.Feb 2008;26(1):137-80,vii.
[3]. SeowVK,ChongCF,WangTL,LinCM,LinIY.Cavernous sinus thrombophlebitis masquerading as ischemic stroke: a catastrophic pitfall in any emergency department.Emerg Med J.Jun2007;24(6):440
[4]. CoutinhoJ,deBruijnSF,DeveberG,StamJ.Anticoagulation for cerebral venous sinus thrombosis.CochraneDatabaseSystRev.Aug 10 2011;CD002005.

Abstract: Mild acute pancreatitis is associated with minimal organ dysfunction and uneventful recovery and it lacks the described features of severe acute pancreatitis. Severe acute pancreatitis is associated with organ dysfunction and other complications, such as necrosis, abscess or pseudocyst. Most common aetiology of acute pancreatitis was biliary tract disease (41%) followed by alcohol (31%) and idiopathic in (25%).............

Keywords: Acute pancreatitis, Glasgow score, Balthazar grade, CTSI, Necrosectomy

[1]. Bradley EL et al. A clinically based classification system for acute pancreatitis.Summary of the International symposium of acute pancreatitis, Atlanta, GA, Sept. 11 through 13.Arch. Surgery 1993; 128: 586-590.
[2]. McEntee GP, Gillen P, Peel ACG. Alcoholic induced pancreatitis: Social & Surgical aspects. Br. J. Surg. 1987; 74: 402-404.
[3]. W.J. Gillesie. Observation on acute pancreatitis.Brit. J. Surg. 1973; 60: 63-65.
[4]. SR Thomas MD, BS stanely, Bruce E. Clin. profile of acute pancreatitis. Ann. Of Int. Med. 1987; 112: 532-538.
[5]. Pezzilli, Raffaele MD, Billi, Paola MD, Barakat B MD, Federico MD. Lipase- amylase ratio does not determine the etiology of Acute pancreatitis: Another Myth Bites the dust. Jour. of Clin.Gastroentro. 19998 June; 26(1): 34-38.

Abstract: Transverse testicular ectopia (TTE) is a rare entity. TTE associated with fused vas deferens is extremely rare. We present a case of transverse testicular ectopia of the right testis with fused vas deferens that presented to our out-patient department with left inguinal hernia. To our knowledge, a fused vas deferens has only been reported seven other times in published report. Clinical examination revealed glandular hypospadias, empty right hemiscrotum, left sided normally descended testis and another structure with testicular feel palpable at left superficial inguinal ring. Left inguinal herniotomy and trans-septal orchidopexy of right testis was done..........

Keyword:Fused vas deferens, Hypospadiasis, Inguinal hernia, Transverse testicular ectopia (TTE), Trans-septal orchidopexy.

[1]. Von henhossek M., Ectopia testis transversa, Anat Anz 1, 1886, 376
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[3]. Lowsley, O.S., Porras E., Congenital anomalies of the testicle, J Int Coll Surg, 15(3), 1951, 332-42.
[4]. Gupta, R.L., Das P., Ectopia testis transversa, J Indian Med Assoc., 35, 1960, 547-9.
[5]. Kimura T., Transverse ectopy of the testis with masculine uterus, Ann Surg., 68(4), 1918, 420-5.

Abstract:Spinal cord compression may occur due to a variety of causes and neoplasms are one among them. Spinal cord compression due to tumors may be either intradural or extradural. In spinal cord compressive lesions even after clinical examination and radiological investigations the surgeon does encounter surprises in the operative field. Hence an attempt was made to find the correlation between clinical ,radiological, peroperative and pathological diagnosis of intraspinal compressive lesions of 50 patients over a period of 2 years.....

Keywords: Histopathology, Intraspinal Lesion, Radiology, Spinal Compression.

[1]. Lohani and Sharma, Patterns of Spinal tumors in Nepal a clinic- radiological study, Nepal journal of Neuroscience, 2004, 1: 113-119.
[2]. Jae Yoon Chung, Jae Joon Lee, Hyun Jong Kim, and Hyung Yeon Seo, Characterization of Magnetic Resonance Images for Spinal Cord Tumors,Asian Spine Journal, Vol. 2, No. 1, 2008, 15-21.
[3]. De Verdelhan O, Haegelen C, Carsin-Nicol B, Riffaud L, Amlashi SF, Brassier G et al, MR imaging features of spinal schwannomas and meningiomas, J Neuroradiol, 2005;32:42–49.
[4]. Pourissa et al, Report and Review of Spinal Cord Tumors,Research Journal of biological Sciences, 2 (6),2007, 654-657.
[5]. Shin et al, Spinal cord tumors of the thoracolumbar junction requiring surgery,A retrospective review of clinical features and surgical

Abstract: In obesity, an excessive adipose tissue accumulates, an altered metabolic profile occurs along a variety of adaptations and Alteration in cardiovascular structure and function even in absence of co-morbidities. This study was undertaken to analyze the difference in certain well defined cardiovascular parameter in obese and non-obese subjects. Methods : 110 obese female with waist circumference > 80 cm and 100 non-obese female with waist circumference < 80 cm were selected. Parameter such as heart rate, systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure, mean blood pressure and pulse blood pressure were assessed.......

Keywords: Cardiovascular Disease, Metabolic Syndrome, Obesity

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[3]. Mokdad AH, Serdula MK, Dietz WH, Bowman BA, Marks JS, Koplan JP. The spread of the obesity epidemic in the United States, 1991-1998. JAMA. 1999;282:1519-1522.
[4]. Kuczmarski RJ, Flegal KM, Campbell SM, Johnson CL. Increasing prevalence of overweight among US adults : the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys, 1960 to 1991. JAMA. 1994; 272:205-211.

Abstract: Background: Pyogenic meningitis is a devastating infection of the central nervous system that has a high mortality and morbidity in spite of the availability of several new potent antimicrobials. It requires rapid and correct diagnosis to select appropriate therapy. Objective: Detection of C-reactive protein in CSF and assessment of the diagnostic performance of it in differentiation of meningitis.........

Keywords: Cerebrospinal fluid, C-reactive protein, Latex agglutination, Pyogenic meningitis

[1]. Kleigman RM, Behrman RE, Stanton BF, Schor NF, Geme III JW, Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics 20th Ed, Philadelphia, Saunders, 2015: 2936.
[2]. Longo Dan L, Kasper Dennis L, Jameson J. Larry, Fauci Anthony S, Hauser Stephen L, Loscalzo Joseph, Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine 18th edition: 3410-3417.

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[5]. Utpal KS. Cerebrospinal fluid C-reactive protein in the diagnosis of meningitis in children. Indian Pediatr. 1994 Aug; 31(8): 939-942.

Abstract: Anterior ridge defects either congenital or acquired require not only the replacement of the missing teeth but also the replacement of supporting structures for an esthetic outcome. In such situations treatment options like Andrews bridge system can provide a functional and esthetic alternative without the need for soft or hard tissue augmentation. This article presents a case report of rehabilitation of lower anterior ridge defect with an Andrews bridge using canine as abutments for its fixed component on which the removable component is placed..........

Keywords: Bone resorption, Congenital defects, Dentures, Esthetics, Fixed partial denture,

[1]. Studer S, Naef R, Scharer P. Adjustment of localized alveolar ridge defects by soft tissue transplantation to improve mucogingival esthetics: A proposal for clinical classification and an evaluation of procedures. Quintessence Int 1997;28:785-805.
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[5]. Douglass CW, Watson AJ. Future needs for fixed and removable partial dentures in the United States. J Prosthet Dent 2002;87:9-14.

Abstract: Purpose: To study incidence of retinopathy in various blood dyscrasias, in patients attending GGH, Guntur, for a period of 6 months. Study design: Hospital based prospective study. Methodology: This is a study of 100 patients of various age groups with different types of hematological disorders for a period of 6 months from November 2015 to April 2016 at Government general hospital,Guntur. Results and Observations: Out of 100 patients studied,with various blood dyscrasias, 47(47%) patients had hematological malignancies; 48 (48%)patients with anemia and 5(5%) patients had platelet disorders. Among 100 patients only 42 patients had retinopathy, out of which, leukemic retinopathy in 24 patients, anemic retinopathy in 15 patients and retinopathy of bleeding disorder in 3 patients.........

Keywords: flame shaped hemorrhages, subhyaloid hemorrhages,white centered haemorrhages, cotton wool spots.

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Abstract: Objective: To compare antiemetic efficacy of fentanyl and midazolam as adjuvant to bupivacaine for preventing nausea-vomiting in women undergoing caesarean section under subarchnoid block. Study Design: Prospective randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study. Materials and Methods: In present study 150 patients posted for elective caesarean section were included. A detailed history and thorough pre-anaesthetic evaluation was performed........

Keywords: Bupivacaine , Caesarean section, Fentanyl, Midazolam, Subarachnoid block

[1]. Lussos S, Bader A, Thornhill M and Datta S. The antiemetic efficacy and safety of prophylactic metoclopramide for elective caesarean delivery during spinal anaesthesia. RegAnaesth 1992;17:126-130.
[2]. Manullang TR, Viscomi CM and Pace NL. Intrathecal fentanyl is superior to intravenous ondansetron for the prevention of perioperative nausea during caesarean delivery with spinal anaesthesia. Anaesth Analg 2000; 90: 1162-1166.
[3]. Biswas BN, Rudra A, and Nath S. A comparison of intrathecal fentanyl with intravenous ondansetron-dexamethasone combination for prevention of intraoperative and early postoperative emesis following spinal anaesthesia for caesarean section. Indian J Anaesth 2001; 45: 195-197.
[4]. Kim MH and Lee YM. Intrathecal midazolam increases the analgesic effects of spinal blockade with bupivacaine in patients undergoing haemorrhoidectomy. Br J Anaesth 2001; 86: 77-79.
[5]. Bhattacharjee D, Biswas BN and Banerjee A. Intrathecal midazolam with bupivacaine increases the analgesic effects of spinal blockade after major gynaecological surgery. J Anaesth Clin Pharmacol 2002; 18: 183-186.

Abstract: Bronchial asthma is a syndrome characterized by episodes of variable obstruction largely reversible either spontaneously or with treatment. There are various drugs like corticosteroids, Bronchodilators, Mast cell stabilizers & Leukotriene antagonists for preventing and treating bronchial asthma. Aim: This study was done to Assess the role of Montelukast, added on therapy to inhaled corticosteroids+β agonists( Standard therapy) in chronic mild to moderate bronchial asthma...........

Keywords: Leukotriene Antagonists, Montelukast, Peak expiratory flow rate(PEFR)

[1]. Yong Yau Ong, Woo Keng Thye. A Clinical Approach to Medicine. chapter 44, page 858, Jan 2001
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Abstract: Rupture of the Ectopic pregnancy is a life threatening obstetric emergency.The plethora of symptoms and signs it can present with, plenty of diagnostic pit falls and management options available makes ectopic pregnancy a very challenging problem. Herewith we are reporting a case of a multigravida with an early pregnancy who presented to us in shock............

Keywords:Ruptured Ectopic Pregnancy, Secondary Abdominal Pregnancy.

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Abstract: Background: Life style modification for hypertension is easily said than done. Once the diagnosis of a hypertension is made everybody wants to avoid lifelong medications as well as diet control. Aim: To analyze some famous nonpharmacological hypertensive remedies and record the benefits in controlling hypertension Setting And Design: Known 50 hypertensive patients with mean age of 40 ± 5 were taken for study. They were subjected to various simple procedures which are known to have an effect on hypertension...........

Keywords: Hypertension, yoga, meditation ,laughter therapy ,aerobics, walking, diet, green tea, magnetic belts

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