iosr-JDMS   Volume-16 ~ Issue-4 ~ April-2017

Abstract: Ovarian cystadenofibromas are rare benign ovarian tumours in women around fourth to fifth decade of life. They contain epithelial as well as fibrous stromal components.We seek to describe an atypical clinical and radiological presentation of cystadenofibroma in a younger female.

Keywords: Cystadenofibroma, Ultrasound, Magnetic Resonance imaging (MRI).

[1]. Cho SM, Byun JY, Rha SE et-al. CT and MRI findings of cystadenofibromas of the ovary. Eur Radiol. 2004;14 (5): 798-804.
[2]. Jung DC, Kim SH, Kim SH. MR imaging findings of ovarian cystadenofibroma and cystadenocarcinofibroma: clues for differential diagnosis. Korean J Radiol 2006;7:199-204.
[3]. 6. Alcázar JL, Errasti T, Mínguez JA, Galán MJ, García-Manero M, Ceamanos C. Sonographic features of ovarian cystadenofibromas: spectrum of findings. J Ultrasound Med 2001;20:915-19
[4]. Timmerman D, Ameye L, Fischerova D, Epstein E, Melis GB, et al. (2010) Simple ultrasound rules to distinguish between benign and malignant adnexal masses before surgery: prospective validation by IOTA group. BMJ 341: c68395. Wasnik A, Elsayes K
[5]. Outwater EK, Siegelman ES, Talerman A, Dunton C. Ovarian fibromas and cystadenofibromas: MRI features of the fibrous component. J Magn Reson Imaging 1997;7:465-71...

Abstract: Background: Displaced Two-part proximal humerus fractures are common orthopedic injuries for which surgical intervention is often indicated. Purpose-The purpose of this study is to compare two methods of fixation for two-part proximal humerus fractures, locking plate (LP) with screws versus intramedullary nailing (IMN), with respect to alignment, healing, patient outcomes, and complications. Method and material-A prospective study was performed on 61 cases of displaced two-part surgical neck fractures of the humerus. 30 shoulders were treated using IMN fixation and 31 others were fixated with LP............

Keywords: two-part proximal humerus fracture, locking plate, intramedullary nail, ASES shoulder score.

[1]. Horak J, Nilsson BE. Epidemiology of fracture of the upper end of the humerus. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1975;112:250–3.
[2]. Südkamp N, Bayer J, Hepp P, Voigt C, Oestern H, Kääb M, et al. Open reduction and internal fixation of proximal humeral fractures with use of the locking proximal humerus plate. Results of a prospective, multicenter, observational study. J Bone Joint SurgAm. 2009;91(6):1320–8.
[3]. Zyto K. Non-operative treatment of comminuted fractures of theproximal humerus in elderly patients. Injury. 1998;29(5):349–52.HSSJ (2012) 8:86–91 91
[4]. Handoll H, Brealey S, Rangan A, Torgerson D, Dennis L, ArmstrongA, et al. Protocol for the ProFHER (Proximal Fracture of the Humerus: Evaluation by Randomisation) trial: a pragmatic multicentre randomised controlled trial of surgical versus non-surgical treatment for proximal fracture of the humerus in adults. BMC Musculoskeletal Disorder. 2009;10:140.
[5]. Osman N, Touam C, Masmejean E, Asfazadourian H, AlnotJY. Results of non-operative and operative treatment of humeral shaft fractures. A series of 104 cases. Chir Main.1998;17(3):195–206...

Abstract: Introduction:- Stomach cancer is the leading cause of cancer related death worldwide, hence known as CAPTAIN OF MENS DEATH.Vitamin -c is an antioxidant and inhibitor of carcinogen N-nitroso compound production in the stomach.Numerous case control studies show that higher dietary vitamin -c consumption is associated with decreased risk of gastric cancer but prospective studies are limited,particularly for blood measures of Vitamin-c. Materials and Methods:- Study group includes 100 cases,devided in to five groups.38 confirmed cases of gastric cancers,20 benign peptic ulcer diseases,15 GI malignancies other than stomach,12 non GI malignancies and 15 healthy volunteers.Histological study was done from endoscopic specimen and surgically resected specimen.Serum vitamin -c level was estimated in all the cases...........

Keywords: Serum vitamin-c,stomach cancer.

[1]. "Chapter 1.1".World cancer report 2014.World health organisation.2014 ISBN 9283204298.
[2]. Ferlay J,Soerjomataram I,Ervik M,Dikshit R,Eser S,Mathers C.GLOBACON 2012 v1.1,Cancer incidence and mortality worldwide:IARC cancer Base no.11.International Agency for Research on cancer,2o14.
[3]. Reed PI .Vitamin C,Helicobacter Pylori infection and gastric carcinogenesis.Int J Vitam Nutr Res 1999;69:220-7.
[4]. Correa P,Malcom G,Schmidt B,et al.Review article:Antioxidant micronutrients and gastric cancer.Aliment Pharmacol Ther 1998;12(suppl 1):73-82.
[5]. Zhang ZW,Farthing MJG. Helicobacter pylori and gastric malignancy:Importance of oxidants,antioxidants and other cofactors.In:Hunt RH,Tytgat GNJ,eds.Helicobacter pylori:Basic mechanisms to clinical cure 2000.London:Kluwer Academic Publishers,2000:513-24...

Abstract: Odontogenic myxoma is an uncommon, benign, locally invasive neoplasm arising from embryonic mesenchyme of dental primordium and exclusively present in tooth bearing areas of the jaws. It is most often seen in females of 20-40 years of age and mainly affects the posterior mandible. The lesion remains asymptomatic until it reaches a noticeable size. The radiographic features are variable. This article presents a case of odontogenic myxoma presenting in an unusual site and age with classic radiographic appearance. The clinical, radiological, histopathological features and surgical dilemmas in managing the same is discussed..

Keywords: Odontogenic myxoma, Myxofibroma, Myxoma, Odontogenic tumour, Ectomesenchyme

[1]. Kawase-koga Y, Saijo H, Hoshi K, Takato T, Mori Y. Surgical management of odontogenic myxoma : a case report and review of
the literature. BioMed Cent Res Notes. 2014;7:1–7.
[2]. Altug HA, Gulses A, Sencimen M. Clinico-Radiographic Examination of Odontogenic Myxoma with Displacement of Unerupted
Upper Third Molar : Review of the Literature. Int J Morphol. 2011;29(5):930–3.
[3]. Manne RK, Kumar V, Sarath PV, Anumula L, Mundlapudi S, Tanikonda R. Case Report Odontogenic Myxoma of the Mandible.
Case Rep Dent. 2012;2012:1–4.
[4]. Vasudevan V, Das UM, Manjunath V, Bavle RM, Sudhakar M, Kumar N, et al. Odontogenic Myxoma of the Maxilla : A Report of
Unusual Pediatric Case. Int J Clincal Pediatr Dent. 2011;4(3):264–8.
[5]. Munjal M, Bhardwaj V, Garg B, Sood N. Odontogenic Myxoma Of The Maxilla : A Clinical Case Report And Review Of
Literature. Otolaryngeology online J. 2013;3(2).

Abstract: Background: Communited humeral shaft fractures treated with anterolateral and posterior plating may have gaping with poor fixation and have chances of radial nerve injury. Hence an alternate technique of medial plating through anterolateral approach is done which showed stable fixation with fewer complications. Aims and objectives: Anatomical stabilization of fractures of humerus shaft by medial Plating through anterolateral approach, and to evaluate the functional outcome. Materials and methods: 40 patients who had fractures of humerus shaft, in the age group of 21 to 60 years, were treated with medial plating through anterolateral approach, these patients were followed over a period of 3 years from june 2013 to may 2016..........

Keywords: Fracture humeral shaft, medial plating, anterolateral approach, posterior plating, anterolateral plating, stable fixation, fewer complications,radial nerve injury.

[1]. Hee, H.T., Low, B.Y. and See, H.F. (1998) Surgical Results of OpenReduction and Plating of Humeral Shaft Fractures.Annals of
the Academy of Medicine, Singapore, 27, 772-775
[2]. Stuby, F. M., Hontzsch, D.: [Humerus shaft fractures].Z. Orthop. Unfall, 147(3): 375–86; quiz 87–90, 2009.
[3]. Mulier T1, Seligson D, Sioen W, van den Bergh J, Reynaert P, Operative treatment of humeral shaft fractures Acta Orthop
Belg. 1997 Sep;63(3):170-7.
[4]. Henry Gray (1825–1861). Anatomy of the Human Body. 1918.
[5]. Bucholz, Robert W.; Heckman, James D.; Court-Brown, Charles M.Title: Rockwood & Green's Fractures in Adults, 6th Edition
page 1119.

Abstract: Background: Low vision is an important public health problem. The purpose of this study was to describe the characteristics of patients attending the medical college ,Jhansi(U.P). Methods: This was a prospective cross sectional study of all new patients seen at the Ophthalmology department, Medical College, Jhansi over a 12 month period. Patients were administered with a structured questionnaire, and were examined and tested with low vision devices by the attending low vision specialist. Information on the demographic and clinical characteristics of the patients was recorded...........

Keyword:- Low vision, Patient characteristics, Developing countries

[1]. World Health Organisation: The management of low vision of childhood.Bangkok: WHO/PBL/93.27; 1993.
[2]. Gilbert CE, Ellwein LB: Prevalence and causes of functional low vision inschool-age children: results from
standardized population surveys inAsia, Africa, and Latin America. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2008,49(3):877–
881.
[3]. Entekume G, Patel J, Sivasubramaniam S, Gilbert C, Ezelum C, Murthy GV,Rabiu M: Prevalence, causes and risk
factors for functional low vision inNigeria: results from the national survey of blindness and visualimpairment.
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2011, 52(9):6714–6719.
[4]. Shah SP, Minto H, Jadoon MZ, Bourne RR, Dineen B, Gilbert CE, Khan MD:Prevalence and causes of functional
low vision and implications forservices: the Pakistan National Blindness and Visual Impairment Survey.Invest
Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2008, 49(3):887–893.
[5]. van Dijk K: Providing care for children with low vision. Community EyeHealth 2007, 20(62):24–25..

Abstract: Fear of failure to identify cervical spine injury has led to extremely liberal use of radiography in patients with blunt trauma and remotely possible neck injury. Eliminating even a small proportion of the cervical-spine radiographs ordered for patients with blunt trauma could lead to substantial savings and decrease patients' exposure to ionizing radiation. The National Emergency X-Radiography Utilization Study (NEXUS) is a very large, federally supported, multicenter, prospective study designed to define the sensitivity, for detecting significant cervical spine injury,........

Keywords: NEXUS, Cspine clearance, blunt Trauma.

[1]. Hoffman JR, Mower WR, Wolfson AB, et al. Validity of a set of clinical criteria to rule out injury to the cervical spine in patients with blunt trauma. N Engl J Med. 2000

[2]. Barry TB, McNamara RM. Clinical decision rules and cervical spine injury in an elderly patient: a word of caution. J Emerg Med. 2005

[3]. Collins NC, McKenzie JV. The NEXUS criteria: do they withstand the test of time? Eur J Emerg Med. 2013

[4]. Morrison J, Jeanmonod R. Imaging in the NEXUS-negative patient: when we break the rule. Am J Emerg Med. 2014

[5]. Goode T, Young A, Wilson SP, et al. Evaluation of cervical spine fracture in the elderly: can we trust our physical examination? Am Surg. 2014.

Abstract: Internship training is the backbone of undergraduate skill acquisition. Due to the lack of uniformity and a structured internship programme the competencies and skills acquired under graduation are lost during internship. In an attempt to formulate a broad-based structured internship programme this Pilot study will attempt to study the issue of skill refinement and its assessment. The Study was an ethical committee approved client consented case control study which enrolled interns posted in Rural Health Training Centre.4 basic competencies were considered. There was significant improvement in practical skills whereas the difference in gain in theoretical knowledge of test and skills remained non-significant..........

Keywords: Internship training, core competencies, Practical skill demonstration

[1]. Nilima Shah Chetna Desai, Gokul Jorwekar, Dinesh Badyal, Tejinder Singh Competency-based medical education: An overview
and application in pharmacology. Indian Journal of Pharmacology. 2016; Oct; 48 (Suppl. 1): S5-S9.
[2]. MCI India; MCI. Vision 2015. MCI New Delhi 2011; http://www.mciindia.org/tools/announcement/MCI_booklet.pdf
[3]. Morris A, Hewitt J, Roberts C. Practical experience of using directly observed procedures, mini clinical evaluation examinations,
and peer observation in pre-registration house officer (FY1) trainees. Postgraduate Medical Journal 2006; 82:285-88.
[4]. Wilkinson J, Benjamin A, Wade W. assessing the performance of doctors in training. BMJ 2003; 327: s91-2.
[5]. Sidhu R, Grober E, Musselman L, Reznick R. Assessing competency in surgery: Where to begin? Surgery 2004; 135(1):6-20.

Abstract: Objective:To determine the outcome of diabetic neuropathic ulcer treated using various off-loading device; Total contact cast vs Ambulatory Walking Cast vs modified MCR sandals in terms of percentage of ulcer healed and time taken to heal. Study Design: RCT Place and duration of study is Department of General Surgery, Government Mohan Kumaramangalam Medical College Hospital and Salem...........

Keywords: Diabetic neuropathic ulcer, Total contact cast, Ambulatory walking cast, Modified MCR sandals

[1]. Maciejewski ML, Reiber GE, Smith DG, Wallace C, Hayes S, Boyko EJ. Effectiveness of diabetic therapeutic footwear in
preventing reulceration. Diabetes Care 2004; 27: 1774–1782.
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[3]. Reiber GE, Smith DG, Wallace C, et al. Effect of therapeutic footwear on foot reulceration in patients with diabetes: a randomized
controlled trial. JAMA 2002; 287: 2552–2558.
[4]. CrossRef | PubMed | Web of Science® Times Cited: 55
[5]. Cavanagh PR, Boulton AJ, Sheehan P, Ulbrecht JS, Caputo GM, Armstrong DG. Therapeutic footwear in patients with diabetes.
JAMA 2002; 288: 1231–1233, Author reply: 1232–3.

Abstract: Introduction: Laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) is a well prevalent disease which has been evaluated as an important cause of voice disorder. We aimed to to assess the causal relationship of hoarseness to laryngopharyngeal reflux and to evaluate the efficacy of treatment of those with hoarseness due to laryngopharyngeal reflux with antireflux measures Materials and Methods: Thirty patients who presented with hoarseness and symptoms suggestive of laryngopharyngeal reflux excluding other causes were evaluated.................

[1]. Branski RC, Bhattacharyya N, Shapiro J: The reliability of the assessment of endoscopic laryngeal findings associated with
laryngopharyngeal reflux disease, Laryngoscope 112:1019, 2002
[2]. Koufman JA. The otolaryngologic manifestations of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Laryngoscope 1991;101 Suppl 53:1–
78.
[3]. Koufman JA, Amin MR, Panetti M. Prevalence of reflux in 113 consecutive patients with laryngeal and voice disorders.
Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2000; 123:385–8.
[4]. Bain WM, Harrington JW, Thomas LE, et al. Head and neck manifestations of gastroesophageal reflux. Laryngoscope
1983;93:175–9.
[5]. Little FB, Koufman JA, Kohut RI, et al. Effect of gastric acid on the pathogenesis of subglottic stenosis. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol
1985;94:516–9.

Abstract: Context: Cigarette smoking is a major public health problem & it is one of the most important risk factor for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) which is the 4th leading cause of death worldwide.Apart from smoking environmental pollution mainly occupational exposure of toxic gases plays an important role in developing COPD.Hence treating COPD patients based on their severity reduces mortality & morbidity, COPD severity assessment is done based on GOLD criteria using spirometry, which has its own limitations,hence there is a need for more simple clinical parameter to assess the severity of COPD. Aim of the study: To assess the correlation of QTc Prolongation in Electrocardiogram & severity of COPD. Settings and Design:Prospective observational study.................

Keywords: Corrected QT interval, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, GOLD criteria

[1]. Anthonisen NR, Connett JE, Enright PL, Manfreba J: Hospitalizations andmortality in the lung health study. AM J Respir crit care
Med 2002, 166:333-339.
[2]. Mcgarvey LP, John M, Andreson JA, Zvarich M, wise RA:Ascertainment ofcause- specific mortality in COPD:Operations of the
TORCH clinical end pointcommity.Thorax 2007, 62:411-415.
[3]. Claren Bach CF, Senno, Sievi NA, Cammen G, Van Gestel AJ, Rossi VA,Puhan MA, Thurnheer R, Russi EW, Kohier M:
determinants of endothelial.
[4]. Sin DD, Man SF: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease as a risk factor forcardio vascular morbidity and mortality. Proc AM
Thorac SOC 2005, 2:8-11.
[5]. Elming H, Bren Dorp B, Koper L, Sahebzadah N, Torp-petersen C, QTc intervalin the assessment of cardiac case.Chord electro
physical rev 2002, 6:289-294.

Abstract: All individuals are vulnerable to stress, to varying degrees, and each has a potential for it to increase its competence to deal with it. Parents of children with cerebral palsy through difficult periods in their lives, resulting in a disturbed mental health, expressed a high level of stress. Rare are the studies which launch out to study the impact of the disease on the mental state of the parents and identify factors associated with the development of perceived stress in this population. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among a sample of 67 relatives (34 mothers and 33 fathers) of children with cerebral palsy. Scales and questionnaires were used with the aim to identify the level.................

Keywords: Cerebral palsy, parents, perceived stress.

[1]. Bax m, Goldstein m, Rosenbaum p. Proposed definition and classification of cerebral palsy. Dev Med Child Neurol 2005; 47 (8);
571-6
[2]. Walker, L.S., Ford, M.B., & Donald, W.D. (1987). Cystic Fibrosis and Family Stress: Effects of Age and Severity of Illness.
Pediatrics, 79(2), 239-246.
[3]. Bruno Quintard, "le concept de stress et ses méthodes d‟évaluation,"Recherche en soins infirmiers N° 67 - décembre 2001
[4]. Cohen, S., Kamarck, T., & Mermelstein, R. « A global measure of perceived stress ». Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 24(4),
386-396, 1983.
[5]. Bruchon-Schweitzer M., Bruchon-Schweitzer M., Quintard B. Personnalité et maladies.Stress,copingajustement.Ed.Dubod:Paris.
[Online] Available:(http://www.invs.sante.fr/publications/2005/epidemiologie_catastrophes/module7.pdf), 2001. (accessed
12.11.14)

Abstract: Background: The precise contribution of static and dynamic factors to the disease progression of the cervical OPLL ( Ossification of posterior longitudinal ligament ) remains controversial. So an attempt has been made to correlate the clinical features with preoperative radiological findings and postoperative outcome. Methods: After Institutional ethical clearance, written informed consent were taken from 26 patients (31 to 70 years of age) to enroll in this prospective longitudinal study over 3 years period. OPLL was proven radiologically and the degree of preoperative myelopathy was assessed by modified Japanese Orthopaedic Association( mJOA) score. Decompressive laminectomy was performed in all the patients and Hirabayashi's recovery rate was assessed at 3 and 6 months postoperatively.................

Keywords: Laminectomy ,myelopathy, neurological, ossification, radiological.

[1]. Key CA. Paraplegia depending on disease of the spine Guys Hosp Res. 1838;3:17-34.
[2]. Tsukimoto H. An autopsied case of compressive myelopathy with a callous formation in the cervical spinal canal. Arch JpnChir 1960; 29:1003-7.
[3]. Bakay L. Ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament. In Wilkins RH, Rengachari SS (1stedn) Neurosurgery, New York:McGraw Hill, 1985; 2243-4.
[4]. Henary H. Schmidek and David W. Robert. Schmidek and Sweet Operative Neurosurgical Techniques; 5thEdn., Vol.2, Philadelphia: Saunders Elsevier, 2006; 1879-93.
[5]. Benzel EC, Lancon J, Kesteron L, Hadden T. Cervical laminectomy and dentate ligament section for cervical spondylotic myelopathy. J. Spinal Discord 1991; 4:226-95.

Abstract: A study was conducted to evaluate the outcomes of the bidirectional Glenn shunt technique performed between 2016 feb and 2017 feb, 14 patients underwent bidirectional Glenn shunt. The patients consisted of 7 males and 7 females with age range of (2 to 10) years. In the 14 patients who underwent a bidirectional shunt operation, 7 patients were done without Cardio Pulmonary Bypass(off pump), 7 with Cardio Pulmonary Bypass. The results have been satisfactory in terms of lower Pulmonary Artery pressure, shorter duration of Ventilatory support, and less thoracic fluid drainage. Off-pump shunt offers more benefits than with Cardio Pulmonary Bypass.................

Keywords: Bidirectional Glenn shunt, Superior vena cava,Tetrology of fallot,Cardio pulmonary bypass, Pulmonary Artery Pressure.

[1]. Freedom RM, Nykanen D, Benson LN. The physiology of the bidirectional cavopulmonary connection, Ann Thorac Surg1998; 66: 664–7.

[2]. McElhinney DB, Marianeschi SM, Reddy VM. Additional pulmonary blood flow with the bidirectional Glenn anastomosis: does it make a difference? Ann Thorac Surg 1998;66: 668–72.
[3]. Okabe H, Nagata N, Kaneko Y, Kobayashi J, Kanemoto S, Takaoka T. Extracardiac cavopulmonary connection of Fontan procedure with autologous pedicled pericardium without cardiopulmonary bypass, J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1998;116:1073–5.
[4]. Burke RP, Jacobs JP, Ashraf MH, Aldousany A, Chang AC.Extracardiac Fontan operation without cardiopulmonary bypass,
[5]. Ann Thorac Surg 1997;63:1175–7.

Abstract: Objective: The aim of this cross-sectional questionnaire-based study is to determine dental patients' attitudes toward and experiences with rubber dam (RD) isolation during endodontic or operative procedures at Riyadh Colleges of Dentistry and Pharmacy Teaching Hospital. Materials and Methods: A questionnaire comprising 12 questions was distributed to 120 patients after they were treated using rubber dam isolation by final year students in the clinics of the Riyadh Colleges of Dentistry and Pharmacy. The respondents were asked to complete the questionnaire immediately after the completion of the procedure. The questions were designed to evaluate their attitudes toward and experiences with RD isolation.................

Keywords: Rubber dam, isolation, attitude, acceptance

[1]. American Association of Endodondests: Appropriateness of care and quality assurance guidelines. 3rd ed., 1998, p16.
[2]. European Society of Endodontology. Quality guidelines for endodontic treatment: consensus report of the European Society of
Endodontology. International Endodontic Journal, 2006; 39: 921–930.
[3]. Cochran MA, Miller CH, Sheldrake MA. The efficacy of the rubber dam as a barrier to the spread of microorganisms during dental
treatment. J Am Dent Assoc. 1989; 119: 141-144

Abstract: Mandibular molars exhibit varied root canal morphology which makes the endodontic treatment challenging. A mandibular first molar with additional buccal root (Radix paramolaris) and additional distolingual root (Radix Entomolaris) is an example of its varied anatomy. Success of endodontic treatment depends on proper identification and localization of all the canals, thorough chemo-mechanical preparation followed by three-dimensional obturation with hermetic seal. Failure of any of these steps may occur due to unusual tooth morphology. Hence, for a successful root canal therapy, clinician must be aware of the external and internal anatomic variations This report discusses endodontic treatment of mandibular molar with a radix entomolaris which is a rare macrostructure.

Keywords: Anatomic variations ,endodontic treatment, mandibular molar, radix entomolaris.

[1]. Rayhani MF, Rahimi S, Shahi S. Root canal therapy of a mandibular first molar with five root canals: a case report. IEJ 2007;2(3):110-2
[2]. Vertucci FJ (1984) Root canal anatomy of the human permanent teeth. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 58: 589-599. Barker BC, Parsons KC, Mills PR, Williams GL (1974) Anatomy of root canals. III. Permanent mandibular molars. Aust Dent J 19: 408-413.
[3]. Fabra-Campos H (1989) Three canals in the mesial root of mandibular first permanent molars: a clinical study. Int Endod J 22: 39-43.

Abstract: Classification of Odontogenic cyst is very important for diagnosis and proper management of the patient. Various tumors mimic the clinical features of cysts and thus can be confused with the same. Cysts that arise from tissue(s) that would normally develop into teeth are referred to as odontogenic cysts. Other cysts of the jaws are termed non-odontogenic cysts. Non-odontogenic cysts arise from tissues other than those involved in tooth development may contain structures such as epithelium from the nose, maxillary sinus etcAn attempt has been made in this article to provide and update the knowledge of classification system so as to assess the clinician, researchers and academicians in the categorization of different varieties of cyst and their subsequent management.

Keywords: Odontogenic, cyst, non – odontogenic.

[1]. Shear M, Speight PM. Cysts of the oral and maxillofacial region.4th ed. Ch. 1. Oxford: Blackwell Munksgaard; 2007.
[2]. Boehme K, Morgenroth K . Retrospective histological classification of jaw cysts .DZZ 1993 ; 48:177.
[3]. Peter E. Larsen, Arden K. Hegtvedt . Odontogenesis and Odontogenic Cysts and Tumors. Chapter 78. e- book .
[4]. Sergio Núñez-Urrutia , Rui Figueiredo . Retrospective clinicopathological study of 418 odontogenic cysts. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir
Bucal. 2010; Sep 1;15 (5):e767-73.
[5]. Barnes L, Eveson JW, Reichart P, Sidransky D . World Health Organization, classification of tumors, pathology and genetics. Head
and neck tumors, IARC Press, Lyon;2005.

Abstract: Background: Intertrochanteric Femur fracture is common in elderly patient with co-morbidity Aims & Objectives: Clinico-radiological evaluation of results of Ender's nail and cannulated cancellous screw fixation in case of intertrochanteric fracture of femur in elderly patient with pre- existing co- morbid condition, and functional recovery in those patients. Results: The patients mainly belong to elder age group with co-morbid condition and all operated within two weeks of fracture. All the fractures were united within an average period of 13 weeks with a range of 10 – 16 weeks. In an average, 20% of the patients had accurate anatomical reduction and the neck -shaft angle was same as on unaffected side, 65% of the patients had 3 to 5 degree of variations in the neck -shaft angle compared to unaffected side, and 15% of patients had more than 10 degree of variation in the neck- shaft angle compared to unaffected side..................

Keywords: Intertrochanteric, co-morbidity, neck- shaft angle

[1]. Rockwood and Green;s Fracture in adults, 8th edition: vol.2:2075-2130.
[2]. Brown CA, Starr AZ, Nunley JA. Analysis of past secular trends of hip fractures and predited number in the future 2010-2050. J
Orthop Trauma.2012;26(2):117-122.
[3]. Hagino H, Furukawa K, Fujiwara S, et al. Recent trend in the incidence and lifetime risk of hip fractures in Tottori, Japan.
Osteoporos Int. 2009;20(4):543-548.
[4]. Lawton JO, Baker MR, Dickson RA. Femoral neck fracture: two populations. Lancer 1983;2:70-72.
[5]. Atkin JM. Relavance of osteoporosis in women with fractures of the femoral neck. Br Med J 1984;288':597-601.
Pogrund H, Makin M, Robin G, et al. Osteoporosis in patients with fractured femoral neck in Jerusalem. Clin Orthop 1977;
124:165-172.

Abstract: Background and Objectives: Low birth weight (LBW), defined as birth weight less than 2.500 kilograms (kg), continues to be a significant public health issue in both developed and developing countries. This obstetric complication is usually a result of pre-term labor, in which case it is referred to as pre-term delivery (less than 37 weeks) of low birth weight infants (PLBW). Various factors have been associated with the delivery of PLBW infants which includes maternal risk factors such as infection, age, height, weight, SES, ethnicity, smoking, nutritional status, and stress. Periodontal diseases are a group of infectious diseases resulting in inflammation of gingival and periodontal tissues................

Keywords: Birth weight; periodontal disease; Preterm low birth weight

[1]. Mitchell-Lewis D, Engebretson SP, Chen J. Periodontal infections and pre-term birth: early findings from a cohort of young
minority women in New York. Eur J Oral Sci 2001; 109(1):34-39.
[2]. Davenport ES, William CE, Sterene JA. Maternal periodontal disease and preterm low birth weight. J Dent Res 2002; 81(5): 313-
318.
[3]. Offenbacher S, Katz V, Fertik G. Periodontal infection as a possible risk factor for preterm low birth weight. J Periodontol. 1996;
67(10): 1103-1113.
[4]. Collins JG. Effects of Escherichia coli and Porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharide on pregnancy outcome in the golden
hamster. Infect. Immun 1994; 62: 4652 - 4655.
[5]. Belkys C. Romero et al. Relationship between Periodontal Disease in Pregnant Women and the nutritional condition of their
Newborns. J Periodontol 2002; 73:1177-1183.

Abstract: Background: Partial AV canal defect is a form of endocardial cushion defect infrequently encountered in Adults. It includes an ostium primum atrial septal defect but with two separate atrioventricular valve rings and a cleft in the anterior Mitral valve leaflet. Case Report: We present a case report of 28 years old female, who attended at outpatient department of Jakaya Kikwete Cardiac Institute with the presenting complains of difficulty in breathing on exertion and awareness of heart beat. Clinical and imaging findings are suggestive of partial AV canal defect..................

Keywords: AV-canal- atrio ventricular canal, ostium primum atrial septal defect

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Abstract: Nanotechnology deals with the physical, chemical, and biological properties of structures and their components at nanoscale dimensions. Nanotechnology is based on the concept of creating functional structures by controlling atoms and molecules on a one-by-one basis. The use of this technology will allow many developments in the health sciences as well as in materials science, bio-technology, electronic and computer technology, aviation, and space exploration. The science of nanotechnology has become the most popular area of research, currently covering a broad.................

Keywords: Nanotechnology, Nanodentistry, Nanomaterials, Nanocomposite

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Abstract: Abstract Vallecular cysts are rarely seen in adults and occur as a result of the tongue base mucus retention. In cases with laryngeal inlet obstruction due to a vallecular cyst, the airway management sometimes might be a challenge. We presented the airway management of an adult patient with difficult airway due to a large vallecular cyst. A 28-year-old male patient with a large vallecular cyst was scheduled for surgical excision of the cyst under general anesthesia. Despite the use of different laryngoscopic blades, no laryngeal structure was seen due to the cystic formation.

Keywords: Airwaymanagement,vallecular cyst

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Abstract: Induction of spinal anaesthesia in a patient in the prone position is rarely performed today. As lateas the 1960's the technique was applied for the induction of spinal anaesthesia for upper laparotomies, and a recent publication describes the technique for anorectal surgery (1)..................

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Abstract: Stress is found to be an important factor in the etiology or precipitation of hypertension. Yoga controls the stress. In the present study we aim to study the degree of effect that yoga brings in normal subjects as compared to hypertensive subjects, in terms of various physiological cardio-respiratory parameters and biochemical parameters. Type of trial: - This was the prospective; follow up, multiple comparison groups, non-cross over 90 days trial. Study design:- The study included three different groups. The control and the study group underwent yogic session daily of 1.5-hour duration for a total period of 90 days. Physiological parameters studied at the beginning of the study and thereafter.................

Keywords: Yoga ,Hypertension,Lipid profile

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Abstract: Introduction: The morphology of endometrium undergoes changes in response to the sex hormones periodically. Estrogen predominantly causes mitotic activity and increases the proliferation of endometrium and progesterone antagonizes the activity of estrogen. However, factors which increase the circulating levels of estrogens such as exogenous intake of hormonal pills or endogenous increase of estrogens in response to obesity, early menarche and late menopause, chronic anovulatory cycles in PCOS can trigger proliferative lesions in the endometrium due to lack of progesterone. In the present study an attempt has been made to study the effect of unopposed estrogen administration through oral route in the histomorphology of endometrium in swiss albino mice..................

Keywords: Endometrial morphology, Estrogen administration, Hyperplasia , nuclear atypia, obesity

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