iosr-JDMS   Volume-16 ~ Issue-4 ~ April-2017

Abstract: Intussusception is one of the most common abdominal emergencies affecting children less than 2 years with tailored treatment bystanding the mortality rate to less than 1%. Our study included children with intussusception with all of them undergoing colour doppler of the involved bowel and definitive management was initiated by ultrasound guided hydrostatic reduction or surgery. The predictive indicators for hydrostatic reduction and the usefulness of Doppler for successful reduction was evaluated. Of the 75 children , 42 presented within 24 hours of onset of symptoms (56%), 26 within 48 hours ( 34%) and 7 after 72 hours (10%). Ultrasound revealed pathological lead point...............

Keywords: Bowel gangrene, doppler, intussusception , ultrasound guided reduction

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[5]. Lim HK, Bae SH, Lee KH, Seo GS, Yoon GS. Assessment of reducibility of ileocolic intussusception in children: usefulness of
color Doppler sonography. Radiology. 1994 Jun;191(3):781-5.

Abstract: For successful endodontic re-treatment, complete removal of fillingfrom the root canals is essential.Towards this end, solvents are indispensible.Thisstudy was carried out to compare and evaluate the dissolving capability of refined orange oil over xylene on various forms of gutta percha.30, ISO No. 40, 2% taper cones of Gutta Percha, Chlorhexidine Active points and Calcium hydroxide plus pointseach, were selected and placed in Group A, B and C respectively. Each group was further subdivided into two subgroups, which were treated with Xylene and Orange Oil solvent respectively............

Keywords: Calcium Hydroxide, Chlorhexidine, Gutta-Percha, Solubility, Solvents, Weight Loss

[1]. Mushtaq M, Farooq R, Ibrahim M, Khan FY. Dissolving efficacy of different organic solvents on gutta-percha and resilon root canal obturating materials at different immersion time intervals. J Conserv Dent.2012;15:141-145.
[2]. Padmaja K, Shah A, Malpani S, Kakkar M, Thakkar R. Retreatment in Endodontics: A Review. J Adv Med Dent Scie Res.2015;3(1):205-208.
[3]. Ørstavik DA. Materials used for root canal obturation: technical, biological and clinical testing. Endodontic topics. 2005;12(1):25-38.
[4]. Alagarsamy V, Ebenezar AVR, Srinivasan M. Effectiveness of calcium hydroxide plus points and chlorhexidine activ points against Enterococcus faecalis by agar diffusion test: An in-vitro study. J Rest Dent.2013;1(1):18-21.
[5]. Rossi Fedele G, Doğramacı EJ, Steier L, de Figueiredo JA. Interaction between Chlorhexidine impregnated gutta percha points and several chlorine containing endodontic irrigating solutions. Int Endod J. 2013; 46(7):675-680

Abstract: Background:Appendicectomy has been the treatment of choice for acute appendicitis. Since advent Laparoscopic appendicectomy (LA) has struggled to prove its superiority over the open technique. This is in contrast to laparoscopic cholecystectomy, which has promptly become the gold standard for gallstone disease. Open appendicectomy (OA) has withstood the test of time for more than a century. The procedure is standardized among surgeons and unlike cholecystectomy, OA is typically completed using a small right lower quadrant incision and postoperative recovery is usually uneventful. Hence there a need to compare both in terms of efficacy and other issues............

Keywords: Appendicectomy, Conversion, Laparoscopic, Open Appendicectomy.

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Ann Surg 1894; 15: 20-38.
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Abstract: Over the last decade, various studies have linked pomegranate (Punica granatum Linn), a fruit native to the Middle East, with type 2diabetes prevention and treatment. This article focuses on current laboratory and clinical research related to the effects of pomegranate fractions (peels, flowers, and seeds) and some of their active components on biochemical and metabolic variables associated with the pathologic markers of type 2 diabetes. This review systematically presents findings from cell culture and animal studies as well as clinical human research. One key mechanism by which pomegranate fractions affect the type 2 diabetic condition is by reducing oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation...............

Keywords: Type 2 diabetes, pomegranate, fasting blood glucose, punicic acid

[1]. S.D. Johanningsmeier, G.K. Harris Pomegranate as a functional food and nutraceutical source Annu Rev Food Sci Technol, 2 (2011), pp. 181–201
[2]. A.K. Das, S.C. Mandal, S.K. Banerjee, S. Sinha, B.P. Saha, M. Pal Studies on the hypoglycaemic activity of Punica granatum seed in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats Phytother Res, 15 (2001), pp. 628–629
[3]. J.S. Jurenka .Therapeutic applications of pomegranate (Punica granatum L.): a review. Altern Med Rev, 13 (2008), pp. 128– 144
[4]. S. Medjakovic, A. Jungbauer. Pomegranate: a fruit that ameliorates metabolic syndrome. Food Funct, 4 (2013), pp. 19–39
[5]. T. Ismail, P. Sestili, S. Akhtar. Pomegranate peel and fruit extracts: a review of potential anti-inflammatory and antiinfective effects. J Ethnopharmacol, 143 (2012), pp. 397–405

Abstract: Background and Objectives: Obesity is associated with dyslipidemia, altered apolipoprotein levels and chronic inflammation. The inflammatory markers (IL-1, TNF-alpha) in turn induce oxidative stress and hepatic synthesis of fibrinogen which is an active phase reactant and hence a marker of active inflammation in obesity. The increased levels of plasma fibrinogen lead to a hypercoagulable state inducing atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease. Hence, this study was designed to evaluate lipid profile, apolipoprotein B (Apo B), fibrinogen and oxidative stress markers in non diabetic obese males................

Keywords: Apo B, fibrinogen, Oxidative stress, HTN.

[1]. Kaufer M, Tavano L, Vila H. obesidaden el adulto. In NutriologicaMedica, 1st.ed: Casaneuva, E; Kaufer.M Perez, Arroyo P, Eds Editorial Medical Panamericana Mexico. 2001; 12: 03117.
[2]. WHO media center, obesity and overweight Fact sheet N3111 updated march 2013.
[3]. WHO Fact Sheet N 3111 Updated January 2015;Available from : {www:who .int/diet physical activity/ enl}

[4]. Bray GA. Medical consequences of obesity. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism. 2004:89(6): 2583-2589.

[5]. Kopelman PG. Obesity as a medical problem. Nature, (2000); 404 (6778): 635-643.

Abstract: Chronic otitis media highly prevalent in the rural areas of Praksam district due to lack of awareness of ENT diseases, and illetaracy, and lack of sufficient no of Otologists . and these case sare common in childhood due to recurrent Upper respiratarory tract infections ,adenoid hyperplacia,frequent sinusitis ,Rhinitis.and these cases present highest no compared to other disorders of otorhino laryngological cases in department of ENT RIMS Ongole. And various surgical procedures are doing to correct the complications of these disorders, like wide varieties of Tympanoplasties either endoscopic and microscopic approach,and mastiodectomies either simple cortical or MRMs with or without cavity obliteration and ossiculoplasties for damaged ossicles...............

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Abstract: Introduction:Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) has several risk factors; atherosclerosis of vessels is the most important one. Atherosclerosis being an inflammatory condition is associated with raised serum level of CRP. Hence the possible role of serum CRP in pathogenesis of AIS is being studied. Many studies support that serum CRP is a marker of stroke severity and prognosis. Material and methods: The present study 'Serum C-reactive protein in Acute Ischemic stroke and its impact on stroke severity and prognosis' was carried out at Department of medicine, RIMS Ranchi, India during august 2015 to august 2016. Total 50 neuroimaging confirmed cases of AIS were selected randomly for this noninterventional prospective study. Serum CRP was measured in all patients and NIHSSS was used for assessing stroke severity.............

Keywords: Acute ischemic stroke, C-reactive protein, prognostic factors

[1]. Longo DL, Fauci AS, Kasper DL, Hauser SL, Jameson J, Loscalzo J. eds. Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 19e. New
York, NY: McGraw-Hill; 2015.
[2]. Elias-Smale SE, Kardys I, Oudkerk M, Hofman A, Witteman JC. C-reactive protein is related to extent and progression of coronary
and extra-coronary atherosclerosis; results from the Rotterdam study. Atherosclerosis. 2007;195:e195–e202.
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chronic and recurrent infection. Stroke. 1997;28(9):1724–9. [PubMed]
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hemorrhagic stroke in a general Japanese population: the Hisayama Study. Stroke. 2006;37(1):27–32.
[5]. Rajput MR, Lakhair MA, Shaikh MA, Rind MS, Zafarullah, Bano R. C-Reactive Protein (CRP) and other Risk Factors in Acute
Ischemic Stroke Patients. Journal of Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences (JLUMHS) 2011;10(3):131–3.

Abstract: Background: Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the leading cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and a major cause of cardiovascular mortality. Aim: The aim of this study is to assess the significance between renal resistive index with albumin creatinine ratio and to explore possible correlation with HbA1c, homeostasis model assessment-estimated insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) in type 2 diabetic patients. Materials and methods: Sixty type 2 diabetic patients with more than 5 year diabetic duration in the age group of 35 to 60 years were selected for this study and 30 age matched healthy individuals were selected as control group................

Keywords: Diabetic nephropathy, Renal resistive index, Insulin resistance, Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1C)

[1]. Fineberg D, Jandeleit-Dahm KA, Cooper ME. Diabetic nephropathy: diagnosis and treatment. Nat Rev Endocrinol 2013;9:713-723.
[2]. Forbes JM, Cooper ME.. Mechanisms of diabetic complications. Physiol Rev 2013;93:137-188.
[3]. Badal SS, Danesh FR. New insights into molecular mechanisms of diabetic kidney disease. Am J Kidney Dis 2014;63(Suppl
2):S63-S83.
[4]. Breyer MD.Drug discovery for diabetic nephropathy: trying the leap from mouse to man. Semin Nephrol 2012;32:445-45.
[5]. Gluhovschi C, Gluhovschi G, Petrica L, Timar R, Velciov S, Ionita I, Kaycsa A, Timar B.Urinary Biomarkers in the Assessment of
Early Diabetic Nephropathy. J Diabetes Res. 2016; 4626125:1-13.

Abstract: Purpose: The most common etiological agents for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV). The present study was aimed to assess the seroprevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and antibodies to HCV among patients with HCC, attending a cancer hospital. Method: A retrospective study of patients with histologically and radiologically proven HCC between July 2014 and April 2016 were evaluated for HBsAg and anti-HCV antibodies by Enhanced Chemiluminescence Immuno Assay (CLIA) method using the VITROS ECi/ECiQ Immunodiagnostic systems..............

Keywords: Anti-HCV antibodies, hepatocellular carcinoma, hepatitis B surface antigen, hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus.

[1]. EASL–EORTC Clinical Practice Guideline Management of hepatocellular carcinoma. J Hepatol. 2012; 56:908–943.
[2]. Subrat K. Acharya. Epidemiology of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in India. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hepatology | August 2014 | Vol. - | No. - | S27–S33
[3]. NCDC Newsletter. January-March 2014 Volume 3, Issue 1
[4]. R. Kumar. Characteristics of hepatocellular carcinoma in India: a retrospective analysis of 191 cases. Q J Med 2008; 101:479–485
[5]. Birke Bartosch. Hepatitis B and C Viruses and Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Viruses 2010, 2, 1504-1509; doi:10.3390/v2081504

Abstract: Eosinophilic infiltration (EI) is commonly causedbyparasitic infections, fungal infection, drug allergy, neoplastic disease, hyper eosinophilic, familial inheritance syndrome, inflammation etc. We report a case of 69 yrs oldman presented as upper digestive tract hemorrhage and abdominal distension for 10 days with eosinophilic infiltration involving liver, gastrointestinal tract (GIT) and lungs. For this case, contrast-enhanced CT of liver showed multiple small, oval or round and low attenuating nodules with well or fuzzy margins on sequential arterial and venous phase scans. Pulmonary CT showed small to medium sized multiple irregular nodule with surrounding airspace consolidation or ground-glass opacity and interstitial changes.Gastroendoscopyshowed diffuse bulky mucosa in the fundus and body of the stomach with erosion at surface, and an ulcer at gastric body...............

Keywords: Eosinophilia, Liver, Lung, Gastrointestinal tract, Imaging, Haematemesis

[1]. Kim MS, Park H, Park CS, Lee EJ, Rho MH, Park NH, et al. Eosinophilic cystitis associated with eosinophilic enterocolitis: case
reports and review of the literature. Br J Radiol2010; 83(990):122-5. [PMID:20505026 DOI: 10.1259/bjr/36109223]
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CT in 111 patients. Radiology2000; 216(3): 773–80. [PMID: 10966710 DOI:10.1148/radiology.216.3.r00se01773]
[3]. Rivera LS, Rivera IF, Toro DH, Gutierrez J, Acosta E. Eosinophilic Liver Infiltration:case report. ACG Case Rep J2015; 3(1):63-65. [PMID: 26504883 doi:10.14309/crj.2015.102]
[4]. Kaplan KJ, Goodman ZD, Ishak KG. Eosinophilic granuloma of the liver: a characteristic lesion with relationship to visceral larva
migrans. Am J Surg Pathol2001; 25(10):1316–21. [PMID: 11688468]
[5]. Zhang MM, Li YQ. Eosinophilic gastroenteritis: A state-of-the-art review. J Gastroenterol Hepatol2016; 2. [PMID: 27253425 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.13463]

Abstract: Bone metastasis is a common manifestation of malignancy, causing various morbidities. The mainstay of treatment of uncomplicated painful bone metastases is palliative radiotherapy. The purpose of this study is to assess and compare the efficacy of different radiotherapy fractionation schedules in terms of pain relief. 80 patients were randomised to 4 different radiotherapy fractionation schedules of8Gy in 1 fraction, 20 Gy in 5 fractions, 24 Gy in 6 fractions and 30 Gy in 10 fractions. Pain was assessed by Visual Analog Scale (VAS), performance status and analgesic usage................

Keywords: Fractionation, Metastases, Pain, Radiotherapy, VAS

[1]. Yu HH, Tsai YY, Hoffe SE. Overview of diagnosis and management of metastatic disease to bone. Cancer Control 2012 Apr; 19(2):84–91.
[2]. Hartsell WF, Yajnik S. Palliation of Bone Metastases. In: Halperin EC, Wazer DE, Perez CA, Brady LW, editors. Perez and Brady's Principles and Practice of Radiation Oncology. 6th ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2013.
[3]. Chow E, Finkelstein JA, Sahgal A, Coleman RE. Metastatic Cancer to the Bone. In: Devita VT, Lawrence TS, Rosenberg SA, editors. Devita, Hellman & Rosenberg's Cancer Principles & Practice of Oncology. 9th ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2011.
[4]. Lutz S, Berk L, Chang E, Chow E, Hahn C, Hoskin P, et al. Palliative Radiotherapy for Bone Metastases: An ASTRO Evidence-Based Guideline. Int J RadiatOncolBiolPhys 2011 Mar 15; 79(4):965–76.
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Abstract: Aim: To investigate the association between Ser326Cys human oxoguanine glycosylase1 (hOGG1) polymorphism with gastric carcinogenesis and it's relation with H.pylori in eastern Indian population. In the present prospective study, 168 patients with gastric cancer (GC), 170 subjects with dyspepsia were taken as disease control (DC) and 170 healthy controls (HC) were analyzed by PCR-RFLP method for genotyping of hOGG1 Ser326Cys to detect hOGG1 Ser326Cys (rs1052133) polymorphism. Endopscopic biopsy samples were subjected to Rapid urease test (RUT) and histopathological examination. Statistical analysis was conducted by two-sample t-test for continuous...............

Keywords: Gatsric Cancer, hOGG1, polymorphism, RUT

[1]. Correa P. Human Gastric carcinogenesis:A multistep and multi-factorial process. Cancer Research 1992;52:6735-6740.
[2]. Parkin DM. International variation. Oncogene 2004;23:6329-40.
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Pathol 1992;45:221-4.
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Biochem Biophys 2000;377:1-8.

Abstract: Restoration of bone defects in the oral cavity is one of the major challenges for dental surgeon. A common example is handling of bone defect after simple tooth extraction for ridge preservation. Often delivering prosthodontic and implant treatments face difficulties during oral rehabilitations in bone defect site. Bone defect site needs to be restored in such a way to support further treatment. In this context, basic knowledge of bone grafting substitutes, their basic characteristics, differences and clinical indications is critical. Different types of bone grafts with different properties are available which may confuse the clinician. Among them the produced bone grafts based on biomimetic...............

Keywords: Bone graft, Bone substitutes, Biomaterials, General Dentistry

[1]. Dorozhkin S. Calcium Orthophosphate-Based Bioceramics. Materials (Basel). 2013;6(9):3840-3942.
[2]. Fernandez-Yague MA, Abbah SA, McNamara L, Zeugolis DI, Pandit A, Biggs MJ. Biomimetic approaches in bone tissue
engineering: Integrating biological and physicomechanical strategies. Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2015;84:1-29.
[3]. Ng J, Spiller K, Bernhard J, Vunjak-Novakovic G. Biomimetic Approaches for Bone Tissue Engineering. Tissue Eng Part B Rev.
January 2017:ten.teb.2016.0289.
[4]. Ebrahimi M, Botelho MG, Dorozhkin S V. Biphasic calcium phosphates bioceramics (HA/TCP): Concept, physicochemical
properties and the impact of standardization of study protocols in biomaterials research. Mater Sci Eng C. 2017;71:1293-1312.
[5]. Polo-Corrales L, Latorre-Esteves M, Ramirez-Vick JE. Scaffold design for bone regeneration. J Nanosci Nanotechnol.
2014;14(1):15-56.

Abstract: Introduction: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy is abnormal asymmetrical thickening of the interventricular septum. It affects 1 in 500 of general population. Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy may be accompanied by life threatening arrhythmias VT, VF. The clinical presentation of the patients varies according to the stage or type of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy. Case presentation: We present a 63 years old patient a Chinese descent, who presented to Wuhan union hospital with chief complains of awareness of heart beat, blurred vision, and dizziness. He has no history of hypertension, no history of Diabetes mellitus and no history of hyperthyroidism. Clinical and imaging findings are suggestive of hypertrophic obstructive Cardiomyopathy...............

Keywords: HCM-hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy, VT-ventricular tachycardia, VF- Ventricular fibrillation, LVOT-left ventricle outflow tract, ECG and Echocardiography

[1]. Parag Patel, Harry Lever. Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy,
[2]. http://www.clevelandclinicmeded.com/medicalpubs/diseasemanagement/cardiology/hypertrophic-cardiomyopathy/, published April
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64 patients. Circulation 1964; 29:IV-3-IV-119
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76–80 (2002)
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Abstract: Scope of thismodest case report is to demonstratethatitisnotimpossible to conciliate the usage of common and orthodoxmedicaments to combatdifficultoutcomesderiving from an inconceivable series of syndroms in a single individual. The very importance I want this paper has to herald is that TNFα inhibitorsmayresultperilous and sometimesletal (in peculiarcases) for elder, besides to propose a treatment of thatcomplicatedsyndrome by the aids of common and orthodoxremedies.

Keywords: TNFα inhibitors, INR, diabetesmellitustype 1, psoriaticrheumatoidarthritis.

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Abstract: Gallstones are among the most common gastrointestinal illness requiring hospitalization with a prevalence of 11% to 36% in autopsy reports. The optimal therapy for patients with symptomatic gallstones is cholecystectomy. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is the method of choice for most of the patients with gall bladder disease. These postulated advantages of laparoscopic cholecystectomy are the avoidance of large incision, shortened stay in the hospital and quick return to work

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Abstract: Objectives: The objective of this study was to measure the level of vitamin D in adult patients coming with nonspecific musculoskeletal pain and evaluate the effect of the correction of vitamin D deficiency on the pain, fatigue and quality of life. Methods: A pragmatic prospective study was conducted in Orthopaedics out patient department at Gauhati Medical College and Hospital, between January 1 and June 30, 2016. All patients aged 18 to 60 years consulting for diffuse nonspecific musculoskeletal chronic pain and/or chronic unexplained fatigue, were enrolled in this study. They were randomised into study group who received the vitamin D supplementation and the control group who received a placebo................

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Abstract: The radicular cyst is the most common inflammatory odontogenic cystic lesion of the jaws. The reported frequency varies from 7% to 54% of periapical radiolucencies. It usually originates as a sequel to a periapical inflammatory process, following chemical, physical or bacterial injury. Due to its chronic etiology, the cyst usually appears towards the later stage of life. The incidence of radicular cysts is greater in the third to sixth decades and shows a slight male predominance. Radicular cyst is the most common odontogenic cyst of the Jaws and is accidentally discovered on routine radiographic examination. This article reports a case of a radicular cyst in the mandible, its management and differential diagnosis.

Keywords: Radicular cyst, odontogenic cyst, non-vitality, enucleation, epithelial cell rests of Malassez.

[1]. Ramchandra P., Maligi P., Raghuveer H.P. A Cumulative analysis of odontogenic cysts from major dental institutions of Bangalore city: A study of 252 case. J. Oral Maxillofac Pathol 2011; 15:1-5.
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Abstract: This article contains the information about the use of the original software Dermatoglyphics For Prediction (DFP) to identify the total phenotypic traits of a person (ethno-territorial belonging, gender, antroposcopic and anthropometric parameters based on the dermatoglyphics parameters. The object of the study were anthropometric, antroposcopic and dermatoglific parameters obtained through the description and measurement of persons male and female, aged 18-60 years who belonged to Boiko (85), Lemko (74) and Hutsul (126) ethnic groups, and 90 to the control group. Prints of comb picture of the toes obtained by scanning the scanner Futronic's FS80 USB2.0...............

Keywords: Forensic medicine, dermatoglyphics, identification of the person, artificial neural networks

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Abstract: Thyroid eye disease (TED) remains a notorious ailment for both patients and the treating ophthalmologists. Recent years have witnessed considerable research in the immunopathogenic mechanism of TED that has resulted in an expansion and modification of the available management options. Purpose of this review is to summarize the radvances in the management of thyroid ophthalmopathy after thorough literature search of the past ten years.Recent VISA classification and new Serum markers seems to have potential to give diagnostic as well as therapeutic guidance ,gauge treatment response and even identify risk for disease progression. Majority of TED patients..............

Keywords: Thyroid ophthalmopathy, Thyroid eye disease, VISA

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Abstract: An epidermal inclusion cyst (EIC) arising from the breast is a rare, benign condition that may potentially be malignant. EICs of the breast often presents in the fifth decades of life and is primarily localized in the periareolar region. We report four cases of EIC of the breast, three women in their forties and one in twenties. The diagnostic accuracy needs correlation between sonographic, mammographic findings along with cytohistological features. Fine-needle aspiration cytology is essential for accurate preoperative diagnosis. Excision is usually recommended to confirm and avoid potential risks of infection and malignant transformation. Till now, less than 100 cases have been reported in English literature. The present study highlights not only its rare site of presentation, but also the role of FNAC in diagnosing this benign lesion.

Keywords: Breast lump, cytomorphology, epidermal inclusion cyst.

[1]. Annalisa P, Paolo S, Giuseppe D, Gennaro C, Giuseppe P, Daniele C et al. Epidermal inclusion cyst of the breast: a literature review. Oncology Letters. 2016; 11(1): 657-660.
[2]. Chandanwale SS, Buch C A, Kumar H, Mishra N. Epidermoid cyst in the breast: A common benign lesion at a rare site. Clinical Cnacer Investigative Journal. 2015; 4 (1): 99-101.
[3]. Phukan JP, Sinha A, Pal S, Sinha R. Cytological diagnosis of epidermal inclusion cyst of breast: A rare benign lesion. J Nat Sci Biol Med. 2014; 5(2): 460-2.
[4]. Singh M, Maheshwari B, Khurana N and Jain S: Epidermal inclusion cyst in breast: Is it so rare? J Cytol. 2012; 29: 169-172.
[5]. Sharma S, Pujani M. Epidermoid cyst of breast: A clinical and radiological dilemma resolved by FNAC. J Cytol 2012; 29: 155-6.

Abstract: The role of Genetics in periodontics has always been a subject of interest for researchers. Is it associated with chronic periodontitis (CP) or aggressive periodontitis? If yes, which genetic codes in Indian population are seen in relation to periodontal diseases? The aim of the publication is to review the studies on the role of genetics in periodontitis in Indian sub-continent. The search duration was 1st January 1997 to 31st December 2016. A total of 24 studies were included out of which 6 studies showed an association between IL- 1B gene polymorphism and chronic and/or aggressive periodontitis................

Keywords: Genetics, Gene Polymorphism, Indian Population, Periodontitis

[1]. Hart T, Lior, Shapira, Thomas E and Vandyke. Neutrophil defects as risk factors for periodontal diseases. J Periodontol 1994;
54:521-527.
[2]. Hart T, Kenneth S and Kornman. Genetic factors in the pathogenesis of periodontitis. Periodontol 2000 1997; 20: 202-214.
[3]. Agrawal AA, Kapley A, Yeltiwar RK, Purohit HJ. Assessment of single nucleotide polymorphism at IL-1A+ 4845 and IL-1B+
3954 as genetic susceptibility test for chronic periodontitis in Maharashtrian ethnicity. J Periodontol. 2006;77(9):1515-21.
[4]. Prakash PS, Victor DJ. Interleukin-1b gene polymorphism and its association with chronic periodontitis in South Indian population.
Int J Gen Mol Bio. 2010;2(8):179-83.
[5]. Shete AR, Joseph R, Vijayan NN, Srinivas L, Banerjee M. Association of single nucleotide gene polymorphism at interleukin-1β+
3954,− 511, and− 31 in chronic periodontitis and aggressive periodontitis in Dravidian ethnicity. J Periodontol. 2010;81(1):62-9.

Abstract: Introduction: Carcinoma of the buccal mucosa represents 5% to 10% of all oral cavity malignancies. This case report discusses ond such case of carcinoma buccal mucosa of right back region of jaw with patient's complain of pain due to associated buccally placed teeth with a sharp cusp. Case report:A 65 year old female visited the institute with a chief complaint of pain in upper right posterior region of jaw for past 25 days. On examining the area of concern, it revealed presence of buccally tipped teeth with deep mesio-proximal caries and sharp cusp contacting the buccal mucosal lesion. Associated buccal mucosa exhibited a solitary exophytic mass measuring 3 × 2 cm, with indurated margins...............

Keywords: Squamous cell carcinoma, carcinoma buccal mucosa, cytology

[1]. Warnakulasuriya S. Global epidemiology of oral and oropharyngeal cancer. Oral Oncol 2009; 45:309.
[2]. Diaz EM Jr, Holsinger FC, Zuniga ER, et al. Squamous cell carcinoma of the buccal mucosa: one institution's experience with 119 previously untreated patients. Head Neck 2003; 25:267.
[3]. King GN, Healy CM, Glover MT, et al. Increased prevalence of dysplastic and malignant lip lesions in renal-transplant recipients. N Engl J Med 1995; 332:1052.
[4]. Chen YK, Huang HC, Lin LM, Lin CC. Primary oral squamous cell carcinoma: an analysis of 703 cases in southern Taiwan. Oral Oncol 1999; 35:173.
[5]. Conley J, Sadoyama JA. Squamous cell cancer of the buccal mucosa: A review of 90 cases. Archives of Otolaryngology. 1973;97(4):330-3.

Abstract: Introduction: Mast cells have a widespread distribution and are found predominantly at the interface between the host and external environment. Aim and Objectives: The main purpose of the present work is to histologically and histochemically study the properties of Peritoneal Mast cells of Albino Rat. Materials and Methods: The stretch preparation of tissues were taken from albino rat and fixed in two types of fixatives; Formal Alcohol and Neutral buffered formalin.Then subjected to various histochemical stains. Results: Peritoneal mast cells were found in good amount in Albino rat they are better stained in toulidine blue at ph 4.4 in neutral buffered formalin than in formal alcohol while with toulidine blue at ph 2 the reactions are similar with both the fixatives.Heparin Trisulphate was substantial whereas Heparin monosulphate and Neutral mucopolysaccaride were presentl in small amount in mast cells of albino rat...............

Keywords: Peritoneal mast cells, Albino rat, Heparin, Histochemistry.

[1]. Ehrlich P.(1878) Beitrage Zur Theorie and Praxis der histologischen Farbung (Leipzig University)
[2]. Holgren H,Willander O (1937), Beitrag ZuKenntnis der chemie und Funktoin der Ehrlichs chen Mastzellen Z, Mikrosk ,Anat, Forsch.42;242-278.
[3]. Riley JF,West GB (1952),Histamine in tissue mast cells,J.physiol,117;72-73
[4]. Rochae,Silva M, Scroggie AE ,Fidlar E and Jacques LB (1947), Liberation of Histamine and Heparin by peptone from isolated dog's liver,Proc,soc Exp Biol,Med., 64; 141-146
[5]. Schiller S (1963); Mucopolysaccarides of normal mast cells Ann,N.Y Acad. Sci 103:209

Abstract: Background: Hypotension after spinal anesthesia for cesarean delivery is common. Previous studies have demonstrated that a crystalloid fluid "coload" (rapid administration of a fluid bolus starting at the time of intrathecal injection) is superior to the conventional crystalloid preload (fluid administered before the intrathecal injection) for preventing hypotension. However there is paucity of study on the effectiveness or otherwise of coloading as against the common practice of crystalloid preloading for ceaserian section under subarachnoid block. This study compared crystalloid preloading to coloading in preventing hypotension usually associated with subarachnoid block for ceaserian section..............

Keywords: Anaesthesia; spinal. Hypotension, preloading; coloading.

[1]. Morgan P, Halpern S, TarshisJ.The effects of an increase of central blood volume before spinal anaesthesia for ceaserian delivery: A qualitative systematic review.AnesthAnalg 2001; 92:997-1005.
[2]. Bajwa SJ etal.Prevention of hypotension and prolongation of postoperative analgesia in emergency ceaserian section. A randomized study with intrathecalclonidine.IntJCritJOInInjSci 2012; 2:63-9.
[3]. NganKee WD, Khaw KS, Ng FF.Prevention of hypotension during spinal anaesthesia for ceaserian delivery.An effective technique using c combination of phenylepherine infusion and crystalloid cohydration.Anesthesiology 2005; 103:744-50.
[4]. Maayan-Merger A, Schumann-Risen I, Torrid L, Etchin A. Maternal hypotension during elective ceaserian section and shortime neonatal outcome. Am J Obstetric Gynecol 2010; 202:56.e1-5.
[5]. Rodgers, Walker N, Schug S, MrKeeAKehlet H, Van zundert A. Reduction of postoperative mortality and morbidity with epidural or spinal anaesthesia; result from overview of randomized trial .Br Med J.2000; 321:1493