iosr-JDMS   Volume-17 ~ Issue-12 ~ December-2018

Abstract: Adenomatous polyps are the commonest types of polyps of the large intestine. The malignant potential of these polyps has been studied by Vogelstein et al, who proposed the classic adenoma-carcinoma sequence. Other mechanisms such as microsatellite instability and hypermethylation have also been proposed in recent times in the pathogenesis of colorectal carcinomas.Aim: To study (1)the incidence and morphology of colorectal adenomas in a large hospital-based population (2)the incidence of non-contiguous colorectal adenocarcinomas occurring synchronously with colorectal adenomas (3) the expression of p53 and bcl-2 in polyps occurring synchronously with and........

Key words: adenomatous polyp, colorectal cancer, adenoma-carcinoma sequence, p53, bcl2

[1]. Clark JC, Collan Y, Eide TJ et al. Prevalence of polyps in an autopsy series from areas with varying incidence of large-bowel cancer. Int J Cancer. 1985 Aug 15;36(2):179-86.
[2]. Johannsen LG, Momsen O, Jacobsen NO. Polyps of the large intestine in Aarhus, Denmark. An autopsy study. Scand J Gastroenterol. 1989 Sep;24(7):799-806.
[3]. Williams AR, Balasooriya BA, Day DW. Polyps and cancer of the large bowel: a necropsy study in Liverpool. Gut. 1982 Oct;23(10):835-42.
[4]. Vogelstein B, Fearon ER, Hamilton SR et al. Genetic alterations during colorectal-tumor development. N Engl J Med. 1988 Sep 1;319(9):525-32.
[5]. Torlakovic E, Skovlund E, Snover DC, Torlakovic G, Nesland JM. Morphologic reappraisal of serrated colorectal polyps. Am J Surg Pathol. 2003 Jan;27(1):65-81.

Abstract: The term learning means the acquisition of knowledge or skills through study, experience, or being taught. Medical students were evaluated to see impact of native and non-native (English) language in their learning. The study showed better understanding and learning when the native language is used for knowledge gain.

[1]. Definition of learning in English. The Oxford dictionary. Available from: https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/learning
[2]. Sambrook, S. Factors Influencing Learning in Work: A Comparison of Two Research Projects (European- and United Kingdom-Based). European Educational Research Journal.2002; 1(3): 522–537.
[3]. Definition of language in English. The Oxford dictionary. Available from: https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/language
[4]. Kumar S. Growth and development- Language. Manual of Paediatric Practice. 2014. 4th Ed. 145.
[5]. ESL Strategies & Techniques. Available from: http://eslmisd.pbworks.com/w/file/fetch/67335778/ESL%20bics%20vs%20calps.doc

Abstract: Context: Supraglottic airway devices have been established in clinical anesthesia practice and have been previously shown to be safe and efficient. Two new supraglottic airway devices, I-gel and laryngeal suction tube-II offer potential benefits when used in elective surgical procedures. Aims: The objective of this study was to compare I-Gel with LTS II to determine device performance during general anesthesia and controlled ventilation, by comparing the ease of insertion, number, and duration of insertion attempts and complications among the two devices. Settings and Design: This study was conducted as randomized controlled study in a teaching hospital..........

Kew Words: Laryngeal tube suction II, I-Gel, Supraglottic airway devices.

[1]. Asai T, Shingu K: The laryngeal tube. Br J Anaesth 2005; 95:729–36
[2]. Gaitini LA, Vaida SJ, Somri M et al: A randomized controlled trial comparing the ProSeal Laryngeal Mask Airway with the Laryngeal Tube Suction in mechanically ventilated patients. Anesthesiology 2004; 101:316–20
[3]. Cook TM, Hommers C: New airways for resuscitation? Resuscitation 2006; 69:371–87

[4]. Dorges V, Ocker H, Wenzel V et al: The Laryngeal Tube S: A modified simple airway device. Anesth Analg 2003; 96:618–21
[5]. Cook TM: The Laryngeal Tube Sonda (LTS) and the LTS II. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 2006; 50:521–2
[6]. Mihai R, Knottenbelt G, Cook TM: Evaluation of the revised laryngeal tube suction: The laryngeal tube suction II in 100 patients. Br J Anaesth 2007;99: 734–9

Abstract: Distal Radius fractures commonest fractures of the human skeleton. By the usual plaster cast method deformity upto 60% and unsatisfactory results in upto 32% of the patients are reported. Open reduction of the articular surface, stable reduction, restoration of the radial length, volar angulation and radial inclination reduces the frequency of secondary osteo-arthritis and allows early functional rehabilitation.9 Treatment options include closed reduction and pinning, bridging and non-bridging external fixation and open reduction with dynamic compression plate (DCP), precontoured locking and non locking plates and screw fixation through a variety of approaches. In present study...........

Key Words: Distal Radius fracture, volar locking compression plate (VLCP), Sudeck's Osteodystrophy

[1]. Chung KC, Spilson SV. The frequency and epidemiology of hand and forearm fractures in the United States. J Hand Surg (Am). 2001; 26: 908-15.
[2]. Kakarlapudi TK, Santini A, Shahane SA, Douglas D. The cost of treatment of distal radius fractures. Injury, 2000; 31: 229-32.
[3]. MacDermid JC, Roth JH, Richards RS. Pain and disability reported in the year following a distal radius fracture: a cohort study, BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2003; 4: 24.
[4]. Colles A. On the fracture of the carpal extremity of the radius. Edinb Med Surg J 1914; 10: 181. Clin Orthop 2006; 445: 5-7.
[5]. Jaremko JL, Lambert RG, Rowe BR, Johnson JA, Majumdar SR. Do radiographic indices of distal radius fracture reduction predict outcomes in older adults receiving conservative treatment? Clin Radiol2007; 62: 65-72.

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Pre-operative prediction of a difficult laparoscopic cholecystectomy(LC) can help the patient as well as the surgeon to prepare better for the intra-operative risk of LC and to reduce the risk of conversion to open procedure. METHODS: 65 patients who underwent LC from January 2017 to june 2018 in B S Medical College and Hospital, Bankura, were taken in this study group. For this study the pre-operative difficulty was predicted using scoring system, obtained from parameters like age, sex, BMI, severity of attack, h/o previous lower abdominal surgery and ultrasonography findings.........

Key Words: Chronic calculous cholecystitis, laparoscopic cholecystectomy(LC), Gall Bladder(GB), BMI.

[1]. Barkun J S, Barkun A N, Sampalis J S, et al. Randomized Controlled Trial Of Laparoscopic Versus Mini-Cholecystectomy. Lancet 1992; 340:1116-1119.
[2]. 48.Bass E B, Pitt H A, Lillenore K D. Cost Effectiveness Of Laparoscopic Cholecystecttomy Versus Open Cholecystectomy. Am J Surg 1993; 165:466-471.
[3]. Soper N, Barteau J, Clayman R, et al. Laparoscopic Versus Standard Open Cholecystectomy: comparison of Early Results. Surg Gynaecol Obstet 1992; 174:114-118.
[4]. Alponat A, Kum CK, Koh BC, Rajnakova A, Goh PM. Predictive factors for conversion of laparoscopic cholecystectomy. World J Surg. 1997;21:629-33.
[5]. Sanabria JR, Gallinger S, Croxford R, Strasberg SM. Risk factors in elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy for conversion to open cholecystectomy. J Am Coll Surg. 1994;179:696-704.

Abstract: Botox is primarily considered as a cosmetic treatment for lines and wrinkles on the face,but the botulinum toxin that Botox is derived from has a long history of therapeutic uses such as in cervical dystonia, hyperhidrosis, strabismus and blepharospasm.Now, as dental professionals its high time we think out of the box and introduce the miracles of Botox into our field, taking into consideration the therapeutic uses it has in the treatment of certain oral conditions.The purpose of this article is to review the general information of botulinum toxin-especially in the field of dentistry-its mechanism of action,uses,contraindications and side effects.A search of Medline and Pubmed databases...........

Keywords-Botox, mechanism, uses, contradictions

[1]. Frank J Erbguth,From poison to remedy:the chequered history of botulinum toxin .Journal of neural transmission (2008)115:559-565
[2]. Textbook of Microbiology,seventh edition-2005,reprint,Ananthnarayan and Paniker.
[3]. Evan Ermengem.1897.Uber einen neuen anaeroben Bacillus und seine Beziehungen Zum Botulismus.Zentralbl.Hyg.Infectionskr.26:1-8
[4]. Dastoor SF ,Misch CE,Wang HL.Botulinum Toxin (Botox) to enhance facial macroesthetics:A literature review.J Oral Implantol 2007;;33(3): 164-71
[5]. Mario Polo ,Botulinum Type Toxin A in the treatment of excessive gingival display ,Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop,2005;127:241-8

Abstract: Employee Engagement (EE) is an important factor in the organization to achieve the success and increase its productivity. EE is the key variable that brings employee and the management closer. There are many factors that influence Employee Engagement along with demographic factors. The researchers have identified some of variables and were grouped into a factor as Individual factor. Employee Engagement, according to the Corporate Executive Board (2004) is the "extent to which an employee commits to something or someone in the organization and how long they stay as a result of their commitment". The main focus of this research paper is an evaluation and...........

Keywords; Employee engagement, public and private sector banks, HPWC culture, emotional engagement, cognitive engagement, physical engagement

[1]. Bauer, Raymond (1964-05-01). "The obstinate audience: The influence process from the point of view of social communication". American Psychologist. 19 (5): 319–328. doi:10.1037/h0042851
[2]. Bernthal, P.R., & Erker, S. (2004). Selection forecast: Recruiting and hiring talent. Pittsburgh, PA: Development Dimensions International,p123-124
[3]. Bernthal, P.R., & Wellins, R.S. (2003). Leadership Forecast: A benchmarking study. Pittsburgh, PA: Development Dimensions International,pp238-239

[4]. Bhasin, Kim (2012-04-02). "This Is The Difference Between 'Invention' And 'Innovation'". Business Insider.

[5]. Hulin, C. L., & Judge, T. A. (2003). Job attitudes In W. C. Borman, D. R. ligen, & R. J. Klimoski (Eds.), Handbook of psychology: Industrial and organizational psychology (pp. 255-276). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley.

Abstract: AIM: To describe spectrum of various CNS imaging findings using CT/MRI in serologically confirmed dengue fever patients who presented with neurological symptoms and to predict clinical outcome depending on the imaging findings. METHODOLOGY: This is a prospective study done in Coimbatore Medical College hospital in 20 serologically proven dengue patients who presented with neurological manifestations. The study was done during the period of August 2017 to December 2017 using 4slice CT scanner and 1.5Tesla MRI . CT and MRI both were done in 4 patients , only CT was done in 7 patients and only MRI was done in 9 patients. CT and MRI images were evaluated...........

Key Words: Dengue, basal ganglia -thalamus, MRI T2/FLAIR Hyperintensity/Diffusion restriction, Hemorrhage.

[1]. Brijesh K Soni,Debasheesh S R Das,R A George ,R Sivashankar et al MRI features in dengue encephalitis:A case series in south Indian tertiary care hospital,Indian journal of radiology and Imaging,2017; Vol 27 ( 5 ): 125-128.
[2]. Tejeshwar sing Jugpal et al.Spectrum of findings on magnetic resonance imaging of brain in patients with neurological manifestations of dengue fever,Radiologia Brasileria,2107;Vol 50(5):
[3]. Ravikanth redddy et al.MRI findings in dengue encephalitis: A case report,National journal of medical research,2016;vol6(2):
[4]. Sanjeev kumar Bhoi et al.Cranial imaging finding in dengue virus infection,Journal of the Neurological sciences,2014;vol342(1-2);36-47.
[5]. Amith S Kumar et al.Dengue encephalitis:Double doughnut sign, publication of neurological society of india,2017;vol65(3):670-671.

Abstract: Background The optimal closure method, for dirty abdominal incisions, that will reduce wound complications remains controversial. The aim of this study is to compare wound complications after primary closure and delayed primary closure of laparotomy incisions following typhoid intestinal perforation (TIP). Methods: One hundred and twelve patients with dirty abdominal wounds following laparotomy for TIP were included. They were randomized into one of the two methods of wound management viz: primary closure (PC) group and delayed primary closure (DPC) group..........

Key words: Typhoid intestinal perforation; Wound closure methods, Wound complications

[1]. Callistus B. Kuubiere, Victor Mogre, Saeed F. Majeed and Abass Alhassan: Typhoid intestinal perforation in Nothern Ghana. Al Ameen J Med Sc i 2014; 7( 4) : 251- 256
[2]. Ukwenya A, Ahmed A, Garba E. Progress in management of typhoid perforation. Annals of African Medicine (2011) 10: 259-265
[3]. Kenneth Agu, Martin Nzegwu and Emmanuel Obi. Prevalence, Morbidity, and Mortality Patterns of Typhoid Ileal Perforation as Seen at the University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Enugu Nigeria: An 8-year Review. World J Surg (2014) 38:2514–2518
[4]. Atamanalp SS, Aydinli B, Oztuk G et al. Typhoid intestinal perforations: twenty-six years experience. World J Surg (2007) 31:1883–1888
[5]. Adesunkanmi ARK, Ajao OG. The prognostic factors in Typhoid ileal perforation : a prospective study of 50 patients. J R Coll Edinb (1997) 42:395–399

Abstract: To Compare and evaluate the microleakge of a newly introduced restorative material, Cention N, with the commonly used posterior restorative materials.MATERIALS AND METHODS:50 single rooted premolars free of caries or any other defects and extracted for orthodontic reasons were chosen for the study. Subsequently class 2 cavities were prepared and teeth were randomly assigned into five experimental groups (n = 10) and restored using amalgam, GIC, packable composite, cention with adhesive and without adhesive,respectively. All the specimens were subjected to thermocycling. Specimens were stained with 0.1% Methylene Blue Dye and evaluated for dye penetration under stereomicroscope.........

Key Words: CentionN, Glassionomer cement, Microleakage, Composite Resin

[1]. Samanta S, Das UK, Mitra A. Comparison of Microleakage In Class V Cavity Restored with Flowable Composite Resin, Glass Ionomer Cement and Cention N. Imperial Journal of Interdisciplinary Research. 2017 Aug 1;3(8)

[2]. Sivakumar, J.S.K., Prasad, A.S., Soundappan, S., Ragavendran, N., Ajay, R. and Santham, K., 2016. A comparative evaluation of microleakage of restorations using silorane-based dental composite and methacrylate-based dental composites in Class II cavities: An in vitro study. Journal of pharmacy &bioallied sciences, 8(Suppl 1), p.S81.

[3]. Yadav G, Rehani U, Rana V. A comparative evaluation of marginal leakage of different restorative materials in deciduous molars: An in vitro study. International journal of clinical pediatric dentistry. 2012 May;5(2):101.

[4]. Sooraparaju SG, Kanumuru PK, Nujella SK, Konda KR, Reddy K, Penigalapati S. A comparative evaluation of microleakage in class v composite restorations. International journal of dentistry. 2014;2014.

[5]. Bharti R, Wadhwani KK, Tikku AP, Chandra A. Dental amalgam: An update. Journal of conservative dentistry: JCD. 2010 Oct;13(4):204.

Abstract: Amniotic chorion membrane is considered to be a promising treatment modalities for furcation involvement .The aim of this study was to evaluate clinically and radiographically the effect of using Amniotic chorion membrane (ACM) in conjunction to alloplast bone graft in the management of grade II furcation involvement and to assess its effect on tissue biotype and healing at the furcation area..This study was conducted on fourteen patients with fourteen furcation defects grade II. Patients were divided into two equal groups: Test group: were treated by alloplast bone graft..........

[1]. Hwang D, Wang HL. Flap thickness as a predictor of root coverage: A systematic review J Periodontol 2006:77:1625-1634.
DOI:10.1902/jop.2006.060107
[2]. Bower RC. Furcation morphology relative to periodontal treatment: furcation root surface anatomy. J Periodontol 1979;50:366-374.
DOI: 10.1902/jop.1979.50.7.366
[3]. Mealy BL, Beybayer MF, Butzin CA, et al . Use of furcal bone sounding to improve accuracy of furcation diagnosis. J Periodontol
1994;65:649-657. DOI:10.1902/jop.1994.65.7.649
[4]. Sims T, Takei HH. Furcation involvement and treatment. In: Newman MG, Takei HH. Klokkevold PR, Carranza FA (eds).
Caranza's Clinical Periodontology. 12th ed. Ch 62. Philadelphia: Elsevier Saunders; 2014. p 621-7.
[5]. Avila-Ortiz G, De Buitrago JG, Reddy MS. Periodontal regeneration — Furcation defects: A systematic review from the AAP
Regeneration Workshop. J Periodontol 2015;86:S108-S130. doi: 10.1902/jop.2015.130677

Abstract: Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) of the mandible allows accurate assessment of the maxillofacial anatomic relationships in 3D and as we know any decrease in the body bone quality can affect jaw bones, therefore this study was performed to evaluate the efficacy of mandibular CBCT in assessing bone quality in postmenopausal women and to correlate it to the Dual energy x-ray( DEXA). Based on the DEXA results, twenty four patients were classified into osteoporotic (test) and non-osteoporotic (control) groups. CBCT examination was done as part of surgical treatment. The computed tomography mandibular index superior (CTIS), the computed tomography mandibular...............

[1]. Link TM. Osteoporosis imaging: state of the art and advanced imaging. Radiology 2012;263:3–17.
[2]. Koh K-J, Kim K-A. Utility of the computed tomography indices on cone beam computed tomography images in the diagnosis of osteoporosis in women. Imaging Sci Dent 2011;41:101-6.
[3]. Amam A, Rustom J. Assessment of mandibular alveolar bone density in osteoporotic adults in Syria. OJDOM 2014;2:26-32.
[4]. Mostafa RA, Arnout EA, Abo el-Fotouh MM. Feasibility of cone beam computed tomography radiomorphometric analysis and fractal dimension in assessment of postmenopausal osteoporosis in correlation with dual X-ray absorptiometry. Dentomaxillofac Radiol 2016;45:20160212.
[5]. Schousboe JT, Ensrud KE. Diagnostic criteria for osteoporosis should not be expanded. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2015;3:236-8.

Abstract: Ethics is the foundation on which societies and cultures are based and are fundamental to political, social and economic decision making. Ethical dilemmas have created controversy and heated debate over the years. Disasters have been defined in public health terms as destructive events that result in the need for a wide range of emergency resources to assist and ensure the survival of the stricken population. Lack of medical resources, in conjunction with a mass casualty situation, can present specific ethical challenges. (1) Ethical practices provide..........

[1]. Geale, S. K. The ethics of disaster management. J Disaster prevention and management 2012; 21 (4): 445 - 462
[2]. Black, R. (2003). Ethical codes in humanitarian emergencies: From practice to research? Disasters, 27(2), 95–108
[3]. Halpern P, Larkin GL. Ethical Issues in the Provision of Emergency Medical Care in Multiple Casualty Incidents and Disasters. Disaster Medicine 2006. 3rd ed. Philadelphia: Elsevier Mosby.
[4]. Jenson. E. Disaster Management Ethics, Disaster Management Training Programme, 1st ed 1997. Department of Humanitarian Affairs of the General Secretariat of the United Nations for the Disaster Management Training Programme
[5]. Karadag, C.O and Hakan, A.K. Ethical Dilemmas in Disaster Medicine, Iran Red Crescent Med J; 2012, 14(10): 602– 612.

Abstract: Background: With the rising burden of non-communicable diseases and ageing population, the need for palliative care (PC) will continue to grow. Nurses who are the primary caregivers to the hospitalized are expected to possess good knowledge about PC to provide quality services to those who need such care. Knowing the present level of knowledge can help in formulating strategies to address the deficits and thereby improve the delivery of care. Objective:To determine the knowledge of palliative care among nurses in RIMS, Imphal, Manipur Materials and methods:Across-sectional study was conducted in December, 2017 amongnurses working in the wards of Medicine, Surgery, Radiotherapy.........

Keywords: Palliative care, Knowledge, Nurses

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[4]. World Health Organization (WHO): palliative care. 2017. Available from: http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs402/en/. Accessed Nov 28, 2017.
[5]. Sato K, Inoue Y, Umeda M, Ishigamori I, Igarashi A, Togashi S, et al. A Japanese Region-wide Survey of the Knowledge, Difficulties and Self-reported Palliative Care Practices Among Nurses. Jpn J ClinOncol 2014;44(8):718–28