iosr-JDMS   Volume-17 ~ Issue-12 ~ December-2018

Abstract: Aim: To study clinical profile of patients presenting with red eye with data collected at our tertiary care hospital over a period of 6 months. Methods: A retrospective study was carried out in the Department of Ophthalmology at Government Medical College, Patiala, Punjab, India. A total of 500 patients with red eye were diagnosed on the grounds of their history, the presence of characteristic symptom, and on the basis of their clinical features, over a period of 6 months from March 2018 to August 2018. The patient's history details were obtained and the patients were completely examined at the hospital. The criterion of selection was all the patients with red eyes with no specific limitation. Results: Out of 500 patients, 325 (65%) were male and 175 (35%) were female. The most common cause of red eye was conjunctivitis – 26.4 % (132/ 500), foreign bodies 22 % (110/500), trauma 11.2 % (56/500), respectively............

Keywords: Episcleritis, glaucoma, red eye

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[3]. Keay L, Edwards K, Naduvilath T, et al. Microbial keratitis: predisposing factors and morbidity. Ophthalmology. 2006;113(1):109– 16.
[4]. Willmann G. Ultraviolet Keratitis: From the pathophysiological basis to prevention and clinical management. High Alt Med Biol. 2015;16(4):277-82.
[5]. The prevalence and reasons of red eyes in patients referring to Shahid Rahnemoon hospital in Yazd city during summer and winter. 1383 Feyz...

Abstract: Introduction:- Thyroid diseases are frequently encountered endocrine disorders in clinical practice. Majority of these are benign, of which goitre is the commonest. Only a few are malignant. Clinical evaluation helps in diagnosis but it has limitations. Nevertheless, it is difficult to distinguish the early malignant lesions from the more prevalent benign goitres Material & Methods:- This study was conducted including patients who visited SVS Medical College and Hospital, Mahabubnagar, during the period from October 2015 to September 2017 with palpable thyroid swellings and were subjected to needle aspiration. Data was summarized by mean+- SD for continous data and percentages for categorical data. Chi-square test was done to compare variable and p value less than 0.005......

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Abstract: Introduction The mortality rate of perforated peptic ulcer is still high particularly for aged patients and all the existing scoring systems to predict mortality are complicated or based on history taking which is not always reliable for elderly patients. Despite the introduction of PPIs, the percentage of perforation (2-14%) as complication of peptic ulcer disease has remained static in several regions of the world. The mortality from perforated peptic ulcer (PPU) is 20% and the complications are reported in 20–50 % of the patients . This study's aim was to compare the effectiveness of Boey score and PULP score in assessment of severity in peptic ulcer perforations. Methods...........

[1]. Teitelbaum E.N., Hungness E.S..Stomach. Townsend CM, Beauchamp RD, Evers BM, Mattox KL. Sabiston textbook of surgery, 20th ed, Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders; 2017: 1188-1236p.
[2]. Thorsen K. Epidemiology of perforated peptic ulcer: Age- and gender- adjusted analysis of incidence and mortality. World j Gastroenterol. 2013; 19(3):347-354.
[3]. Chung K.T, Shelat V.G. Perforated peptic ulcer - an update. World J Gastrointest Surg 2017 January 27; 9(1): 1-12
[4]. Thorsen K, Glomsaker TB, von Meer A, et al. Trends in diagnosis and surgical management of patients with perforated peptic ulcer. J Gastrointest Surg 2011;15:1329-35.
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Abstract: Introduction: -According to the world cancer report 2008 by the IARC, division of World Health Organization, the global burden of cancer has doubled during the last 30 years of the last century. In 2008, it was estimated that there were over 12 million new cases of cancer diagnosed, 7 million deaths from cancer and 25 million persons alive with cancer within five years of diagnosis. By 2030, it is estimated that there will be over 26 million incident cases of cancer annually. With this number of patient a personalized approach to patient is necessary to improve overall care..........

Key words:-Personalized health care, patient centered approach, EORTC QLQ C-30.compliance

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[4]. Venkata Ramana Kumar A., Balkrishna B. Y.Assessing Cancer Burden in Rural India: An Analysis by Causeof Death Statistics. Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer 2005; 6: 221-223.
[5]. Bensing J(2000) the separate world of evidence based medicine and patient centred care: patient education and counselling 39(1) 17-25.

Abstract: Tinea capitis is one of the commonest forms of superficial mycosis that we come across in the dermatology OPD, though the etiology of the disease is not regularly documented. Here among 72 clinically diagnosed cases of tinea capitis, the age group mostly affected was found to be between 0-10 years (58.3%). After direct microscopy it was found that 60 (83.3%) were positively showing presence of filamentous fungi under KOH mount in direct microscopy. The number of samples showing ectothrix type of infection was higher (70%) than the samples showing endothrix type of infection (23.3%). Among the 72 cases, 48 (66.6%) cases were culture positive for dermatophytes............

Keywords: Dermatophytes, Endothrix, Exothrix, KOH mount, Microsporum, Tinea capitis, Trichophyton

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[5]. Bindu V, Pavithran K, Clinico-mycological study of dermatophytosis in Calicut, Ind J DermatolVenereol Leprol, 68(5), 2002, 259-261.

Abstract: Aim: To study the patients having gall stone pancreatitis and observe the pattern of study and role of various diagnostic modalities with special emphasis on MRCP in diagnosing the disease. Materials and Methods:The study was aprospective observational study conducted in the Department of General Surgery, RIMS, Ranchi of Jharkhand state from June 2017 to May 2019 on 50 patientswho fulfilled the inclusion criteria.The qualitative variables are described in the form of proportions and quantitative variables are described in the terms of mean, median, range and standard deviation. Data was checked for normality before applying appropriate tests...........

Keywords: LFT, MRCP, Common bile duct stones.

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Abstract: Biologic width is a specific concept which reveals the dimensional relationship between epithelial attachment, sulcus depth, connective tissue attachment and alveolar crest.An adequate understanding of relationshipbetween periodontal tissues and restorative dentistry is paramount to ensure adequate form, function and esthetics, and comfort of the dentition. Violation of biologic width leads to complications like gingival inflammation and alveolar bone loss. Maintenance of gingival health is one of the keys for the longevity of teeth, as well as for the longevity of restorations.Thisarticle gives the wide aspect of thecomplex question of biologic width and represents an attempt to answer some of the demands in relation to it and discusses various methods for biologic width assessment and guidelines for margin placement..

Keywords: Biologic width, gingival inflammation,,margin placement, periodontal health,

[1]. Sharma A, Rahul GR, Gupta B, Hafeez M.Biological width: No violation zone. Eur J Gen Dent 2012;1:137-41.
[2]. Nitin Khuller, Nikhil Sharma. Biologic Width: Evaluation and Correction of its Violation. J Oral Heath Comm Dent 2009;3(1):20-25.
[3]. Nevins M, Skurow HM. The intracrevicular restorative margin, the biologic width, and the maintenance of the gingival margin. Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent 1984;4(3):30-49.
[4]. Malathi K, Arjun singh. Biologic width: Understanding and its preservation. Int J Med and Dent Sci 2014; 3(1):363-368.
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Abstract: Background: Malaria remains the commonest tropical disease in the world characterised by periodic bouts of severe chills and high fever. It is one of the most significant public health problems in Nigeria leading to significant morbidity and mortality. Objectives: To determine the prevalence of malaria in under five children presenting with fever and the other common symptoms of malaria other than fever. METHODS: It was a 6 months prospective study carried out amongst under five children presenting with fever in the outpatient department of the Braithwaite Memorial Specialist Hospital in Port Harcourt, Nigeria. Blood film for malaria parasite and complete blood count were done for each recruited subject and before commencement of antimalarial.......

Keywords: Clinical features; Malaria; Under-fives; Port Harcourt; Prevalence

[1]. Ogala WN. Malaria. In: Azubuike JC, Nkanginieme KEO (eds). Paediatrics and Child Health in a Tropical Region. 2nd ed. Owerri: Nigeria African Educational Services, 2007; 596-604.
[2]. Malaria facts sheet: http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs094/en /
[3]. World Health Organization: 2016 world malaria report. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2016.
[4]. National Malaria Elimination Programme (NMEP), National Population Commission (NPopC), National Bureau of Statistics (NBS), and ICF International. Nigeria Malaria Indicator Survey 2015. Abuja, Nigeria, and Rockville, Maryland, USA: NMEP, NPopC, and ICF International; 2016.
[5]. Njama- Meya D, Clark TD, Nzarubara B, Staedke S, Kamya MR, Dorsey G. Treatment of malaria restricted to laboratory confirmed cases:a prospective cohort study in Ugandan Children. Malaria J. 2007, 6:7 https: //doi.org/10.1186/1475-2875-6-7.

Abstract: Pregnant women are more prone to infections (particularly urinary tract infections) due to physiological and hormonal alterations during gestational period. For early Laboratory diagnosis, it may be necessary to screen out with state forward questioning through oral viva conduction that is useful tool and appropriate policy may improve the clinical condition of the women and neonates. Objectives: To Screen out and detect the Prevalence of Infections during Pregnancy and their Management. Material and Methods: The descriptive study ("A Screening Study on Prevalence of Infections during Pregnancy and their Management"), was carried out on 300 pregnant women, during January 2018 to November 2018, those attended the antenatal OPD at NIMS&R Hospital, Shobha Nagar, NIMS University, Jaipur (Rajasthan) after taking human ethical approval. The history of infection, medication.......

Key Words: Infection, Management, Pregnancy, Prevalence, Screening

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Abstract: Acute segmental enteritis (ASE) is an inflammatory disorder of small bowel that may present as a surgical emergency in children(1-3). ASE is uncommon in most parts of the world, but a relatively high incidence of this disease has been reported from some parts of India . The clinical features are vague and include acute abdominal pain, bilious vomiting, fever, abdominal distension, leukocytosis and radiological evidence of obstruction or peritonitis in a previously healthy child. Early diagnosis and conservative management carries a good prognosis, without any long term sequelae(1-5). Surgical intervention is not required in most cases and carries a high mortality rate. We report our experience with diagnosis, management and the outcome of 220 children with ASE.

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Abstract: Aims and objectives: To see anatomical variation of common carotid artery bifurcation in relation to cervical vertebra on CT angiogram in Indian population. Materials and methods:It was a hospital based, observational, descriptive, cross sectional study with a sample size of 200 cases during a period of 1.5yrs in the department of radiology of Seth G.S. medical college and KEM hospital Mumbai.Patients undergoing CT Angiogram covering neck vessels to brain were included in study. Results: Out of 200 patients, level of bifurcation was at the same level bilaterally in 172 patients. While in 28 patients, the level of bifurcation was different on left and right side. Out of the 200 patients, level of CCA bifurcation on right side was at C2..........

Key words: Common carotid artery bifurcation, CT angiogram, Cervical Vertebra, Anatomical variation

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Abstract: Enterococci have transformed over the past century from being an intestinal commensal organism of little clinical importance to becoming the second most widespread nosocomial pathogen and is related with considerable mortality and morbidity. Considering its multitude of resistance to different infections with high grade severity, we have attempted this study. A sum of 20 E. faecalis isolates from patients with dental caries were subjected to antibiotic sensitivity test followed by the detection of hemolysin and gelatinase enzyme activities and determination of ace and efaA genes encoding forcollagen binding protein and endocarditis respectively by PCR analysis.Of the 20 dental caries..........

Keywords: E. faecalis, antibiotic sensitivity pattern, hemolysin,gelatinase, ace, efaA, PCR.

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Abstract: Scrub typhus caused by Orientia tsusugamushi is a common zoonotic disease with high incidence in hilly areas of Manipur. Clinical presentation is variable with high mortality rate. We studied series of scrub cases who presented with features of meningoencephalitis. AIM:To study the clinical and laboratorial presentation of scrub typhus complicated by meningoencephalitisCASE SERIES: We have collected 7 cases of scrub typhus admitted in medicine ward who presented with clinical features suggestive of meningoencephalitis over a period of one year (August 2017 to August 2018). It included 4 males and 3 females. Patients presented with 5-8 days of fever with 1-2 days of altered sensorium, convulsion, ataxia. Neurological examination showed fall in sensorium with neck stiffness.............

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Abstract: Routinely performed Oral and Maxillofacial Trauma Surgeries involve the use of various surgical Plates and Screws of varying dimensions. The surgical screws and plates used in the surgeries are available in different dimensions and its use requires a highly skilled professional. They are often found scattered over the surgical table due to their small sizes and unavailability of adequate storage products in the market. Often easily misplaced, or the cause of medical negligence due to use of wrong screw dimensions, most of the time leading to waste of time during the operative procedure. The Purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of an innovative Surgical Plate-Screw holder to help the Surgeon to save time during the operative procedure and reduce the stress of the operators by making the instruments easy to identify, handle and use.

Keywords: Maxillofacial trauma, surgical plate, surgical screw, surgical plate-screw holder

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