iosr-JDMS   Volume-18 ~ Issue-12 ~ December-2019

Abstract: Peripartum hysterectomy (PH) is associated with a significant morbidity and mortality. Although it is performed as a life-saving procedure in the case of persistent, intractable obstetric haemorrhage, most often due to uterine atony, there is a rise in the incidence of PH globally. Our study aims to estimate the incidence of Peripartum Hysterectomy and to describe the maternal characteristics, indications, foetal & maternal outcomes and complications associated with it. This was a longitudinal retrospective study conducted in RGGWCH, a teaching hospital in Puducherry, India by reviewing the records of all women who had underwent PH from January 2011 to December 2018. The incidence of PH was 0.51/1000 deliveries and obstetric haemorrhage consequent to uterine atony was the leading cause.

[1]. Abu-Heija AT, Jallad FF. Emergency peripartum hysterectomy at the Princess Badeea Teaching Hospital in North Jordan. J Obstet Gynaecol Res. 1999;
[2]. Basnet P, Agrawal A, Rai R, Joshi R, Thakur A. Peripartum hysterectomy and analysis of risk factors. Int J Gynecol Obstet. 2015;
[3]. Langdana F, Geary M, Haw W, Keane D. Peripartum hysterectomy in the 1990s: Any new lessons? J Obstet Gynaecol (Lahore). 2001;
[4]. Bakshi S, Meyer BA. Indications for and outcomes of emergency peripartum hysterectomy: A five-year review. J Reprod Med Obstet Gynecol. 2000;
[5]. Wei Q, Zhang W, Chen M, Zhang L, He G, Liu X. Peripartum hysterectomy in 38 hospitals in China: A population-based study. Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2014;

Abstract: Cardiac disease is being the leading non obstetric cause of death in pregnancy and puerperium. Hypertensive disorders constitute 5-10% of all pregnancies, being one of the components of deadly triad with hemorrhage and infection. Preeclampsia is a pregnancy complication of placental etiology with acute onset of predominantly cardiovascular manifestations and constitutes 2-7% of medical disorders in pregnancies. In India, preeclampsia accounts for approximately 8-14% of maternal deaths. There is limited knowledge with respect to parameters of cardiac function in pregnancy and even less in the presence of pregnancy complications such as preeclampsia. In preeclampsia mean arterial pressure and total vascular resistance are increased resulting in increased afterload on heart. Transthoracic echocardiography is frequently considered the reference standard for.......

[1]. Cantwell R, Clutton-Brock T, Cooper G, Dawson A, Drife J, Garrod D,Harper A, Hulbert D, Lucas S, McClure. Saving Mothers' Lives: Reviewing maternal deaths to make motherhood safer: 2006–2008. The Eighth Report of the Confidential Enquiries into Maternal Deaths in the United Kingdom. BJOG. 2011;118(suppl1):1–203.
[2]. Martin JN Jr, Owens My, Keiser SD, et al: Standardized Mississippi protocol treatment of 190 patients with HELLP syndrome: slowing disease progression and preventing new major maternal morbidity. Hypertens Pregnancy 31(1):79, 2012.
[3]. Report of the National High Blood Pressure Education Program Working Group on High Blood Pressure in Pregnancy. National High Blood Pressure Education Program Working Group on High Blood Pressure in Pregnancy. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2000;183:S1–S22.
[4]. Hibbard JU, Shroff SG, Lang RM. Cardiovascular changes in preeclampsia. Semin Nephrol. 2004;24:580 –587.Borghi C, Esposti DD, Immordino V, Cassani A, Boschi S, Bovicelli L
[5]. Ambrosioni E. Relationship of systemic hemodynamics, left ventricular structure and function, and plasma natriuretic peptide concentrations during pregnancy complicated by preeclampsia. Am J Obstet Gyneco 2000;183:140–147.

Abstract: Background: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the most common gram-negative microorganisms that continue to be a major cause of opportunistic nosocomial infections, causing around 10% of hospital infections. This lethal microorganism presents a serious therapeutic challenge for treatment due to its intrinsic ability to resist many classes of antibiotics as well as its ability to acquire resistance. Aim: This study was undertaken to determine the prevalence and susceptibility pattern of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates among patients in a tertiary care hospital in West Bengal. Methodology: Pseudomonas aeruginosa was identified using standard methods from various clinical samples collected over a period of seven months. Antimicrobial susceptibility test of these isolates were determined by disk diffusion method following CLSI guideline......

Key words: Pseudomonas aeruginosa, prevalence, infection, , antibiogram, polymyxins

[1] Pollack,M. (1995). Pseudomonas aeruginosa. In Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases, 4th edn, (Mandell, G.L., Bennett, J.E., Dolin, R., Eds), pp. 1980-2003. Churchill Livingstone,London, U.K.
[2] Giamarellou H. Prescribing guidelines for severe Pseudomonas infections. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2002;49:229–33.
[3] Cristino JM. Correlation between consumption of antimicrobials in humans and development of resistance in bacteria. J Antimicrob Agents. 1999;12: 199–202.
[4] Giamarellos–Bourboulis EJ, Papadimitrious E, Galanakis N, et al. Multidrug resistance to antimicrobials as a predominant factor influencing patient survival. Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2006;27: 476–81.
[5] Pathi B, Mishra SN, Panigrahi K, Poddar N, Lenka PR, Mallick B, Pattanik D, Jena J. Prevalence and antibiogram pattern of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in a tertiary care hospital from Odisha, India. Transworld Medical Journal. 1(3):77-80.

Abstract: Introduction: Psoriasis is a common, chronic, inflammatory, systemic disease with major manifestations in the skin. It can present with persistent scaly plaques, flaking, itch, pain, and, more rarely, widespread erythroderma and pustules. There is a significant impact of disease severity on patient-reported psychosocial and physical quality of life, including loss of work productivity. Ophthalmic complications of psoriasis are numerous and affect almost all parts of the eye. Materials and Methods: An observational study was conductedon 40 patients of psoriasis with positive skin biopsy and referred from the department of dermatology to Government regional eye hospital, Kurnool, from Aug 2018 to Oct 2019. A comprehensive ocular examination was done, including anterior segment and ocular surface evaluation........

Keywords:Psoriasis, Dry eye, conjunctivitis, Uveitis, cataract.

[1]. Zhao Y. "Impact of Psoriasis Disease Severity and Psoriasis-Related Pain, Itching and Scaling on Patient reported Quality of Life andWork Productivity Loss among US Patients". Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology 70.5 (2014): AB172. [2]. Alexis AF, Blackcloud P. Psoriasis in skin of color: Epidemiology, genetics, clinical presentation, and treatment nuances. ClinAesthetDermatol2014;7:16-24.
[3]. Fernandez-Obregon A. Psoriasis. In: O'Daly J, editor. Psoriasis – A Systemic Disease. 1st ed. Croatia: InTech; 2012. p. 159-217.
[4]. Cimmino MA. Epidemiology of psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis. Reumatismo 2007;59 Suppl1:19-24. [5]. Parisi R, Symmons DP, Griffiths CE, Ashcroft DM; Identification and Management of Psoriasis and Associated ComorbidiTy (IMPACT) project team. Global epidemiology of psoriasis: A systematic review of incidence and prevalence. J Invest Dermatol 2013;133:377-85.

Abstract: Pterygium is a triangular conjunctivo-epithelial growth arising from the bulbar conjunctiva and overgrowing the cornea sometimes causing vision loss(1). Pterygium can be either slow growing with low recurrence rate or can be aggressive and proliferating fast and growing on to the cornea. This aggressive type can recur after excision(2). Pterygium is prevalent in tropical, equatorial and peri-equatorial areas (3,4) andwind, particulate matter, chemical air pollution andultraviolet radiation are all proposed to be risk factors (4,5,6).Although pterygium has worldwide distribution it is most commonly seen in regions with warm and dry climates. Along with Pterygium Pinguecula also considered to be due to solar radiation(8). Solar induced carcinoma of conjunctiva seems....

[1]. Garg Ashok, Toukhy EL, Nassaralla, Belquiz A, Moreker Sunil. Surgical and medical management of pterygium.2009.1
[2]. Pterygium prevalence and demography and risks factors Saw and Donald Tan. Ophthalmic epidemiology.
[3]. Taylor and Francis issue:vol 6 Nov3/Sep 1999 pages 219-228.
[4]. Effect of ambient solar UV radiation on incidence of squamous cell carcinoma of the Eye. Newton R,Ferlay J, Reeves G,et al. Lancet 1996;347:1450-1451
[5]. Solar keratosis, pterygium and squamous cell carcinoma of the conjunctiva in Malawi, Clear As, Chirambo, MC, Hutt,MSR (1979)Br J Ophthalmol63, 102-109

Abstract: Malignant mixed Mulleriantumour (MMMT) is also known as Carcinosarcoma. It is a malignant neoplasm arising in the uterus, the ovaries, the fallopian tubes or any body part that contains epithelial and mesodermal tissue. It is very rare and aggressive type of malignancy, accounts for 2-5% of all tumours derived from body of uterus.It is considered as a metaplastic carcinoma. MMMTs of uterus present in postmenopausal women (median age 65) with bleeding per vagina and pain in abdomen. They pose a diagnostic dilemma. This tumour is usually seen associated with chronic estrogen stimulation, radiation therapy and tamoxifen therapy. Nulliparity, diabetes and obesity are the predisposing factors. The outcome correlates with the stage of disease and depth of myometrial invasion. Five year disease free survival by advancing stage is poor. Combination chemotherapy.........

[1]. Rani Kanthan, Jenna- Lynn Senser; uterine carcinosarcoma: A Review with Special Emphasis on the Contraversies in Management ;Obstetric and Gynaecology international Volume 2011, Article ID 470795.
[2]. Yashushi Adachi, Hirofumi Nonogaki, Sachiko Minamiguchi, Ming LI and Susumu Ikehara; Carcinosarcoma of the uterus: A case report, MOLECULAR AND CLINICAL ONCOLOGY 4: 571-573, 2016.
[3]. Dr. Siva Ranjan D.,Dr. J Surendar, Dr. Rama SwamyA S., Dr.Manjunatha H K., Malignant Mixed MullerianTumor of the Uterus (Uterine Carcinosarcoma): A Case Report; IOSR Journal Of Pharmacy; Volume 3, Issue 9 (October2013), Pp 49-52.
[4]. BamniyaJaishree, Shah Ami, DayalAnupama, Kothari Sadhna, Shah Mukul; A Rare Case of Maliganant Mixed MullerianTumor (MMMT) of Uterus; Int J Res Med. 2015; 4(3);65-68.
[5]. J. S. Bosquet, S. A. Terstriep, W. A. Cliby et al., ―The impact of multi-modal therapy on survival for uterine carcinosarcomas,‖Gynecologic Oncology, vol. 116, no. 3, pp. 419–423, 2010

Abstract: INTRODUCTION: Congenital hypothyroidism is the most common preventable cause of mental retardation. Features of congenital hypothyroidism are nonspecific and difficult to identify in the neonatal period. They become prominent with increasing age. However the window period for neurological intervention has elapsed in most patients by this time. The female to male ratio is 2:1. If congenital hypothyroidism is diagnosed promptly and treated early irreversible mental retardation can be prevented. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES:The aim of neonatal screening program is to detect affected neonates and provide replacement to them as early as possible so that severe physical.....

Key Words:Congenital hypothyroidism, Mental Retardation, Neonatal Screening, Umbilical cord blood TSH

[1]. Aaron Hanukoglu, Relationship of Etiology to Treatment in Congenital Hypothyroidism, J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metabolism. 2001 86:186-191
[2]. Aiims Protocol In Neonatology:2015 edition
[3]. Arun Kumar Manglik, Nandita Chatterjee and Gautam Ghosh- Umbilical cord Blood TSH levels in Term Neonates: A screening Tool for Congenital Hypothyroidism Indian Pediatrics 1029 Volume42 October 17,2005.
[4]. Behrman RE, Kleigman RM, Jenson HB, editors. Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics, 19th ed. Philadelphia: Saunders; 2004:p.241-242
[5]. Celia I. Kaye and the Committee on Genetics, Newborn Screening Fact Sheets-, Pediatrics 2006; 118;934-963

Abstract: Background: Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is an important cause of childhood visual impairment since the 1940s. Although its incidence and severity have been decreasing in developed countries over the past two decades, both are increasing in developing nations. The aim of this study to analyze risk factors for Retinopathy of prematurity and its incidence, in newborns at risk in SNCU of a tertiary care center of central India. Materials and Methods: Infants with birth weight less than 1500gm and gestation age less than 34 weeks were screened after birth at 4 weeks for ROP or 31-33 weeks post conception age, whichever was later from February 2015 to June 2016. Infants with birth weight 1500gm to 2500 gm and gestation more than 34 weeks with additional risk factors were also screened.......

Key Word: Oxygen supplementation; respiratory distress syndrome; Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP); Risk factors;

[1]. Terry TL. Extreme prematurity and fibroplastic overgrowth of persistent vascular sheath behind each crystalline lens. Am J Ophthalmol 1942;25:203–4.
[2]. Gilbert C, Foster A. Childhood blindness in the context of VISION 2020: the right to sight. Bulletin of the World Health Organization. 2001 Jan;79(3):227-32.
[3]. Shah PK, Prabhu V, Karandikar SS, Ranjan R, Narendran V, Kalpana N. Retinopathy of prematurity: Past, present and future. World J Clin Pediatr 2016; 5(1): 35-46
[4]. Ober R.R., Palmer E.A., Drack A.V., Wright K.W; Retinopathy of Prematurity. In: Pediatric ophthalmology and strabismus. Springer,New York, NY; Wright K.W., Spiegel P.H. (eds); 2nd edition , 2003, pp 600-628
[5]. Sneha R, Poornima Shankar. "A Clinical Study on Incidence of Retinopathy of Prematurity Changes in Preterm Infants and Associated Risk Factors in Tertiary Centre". Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences 2014; Vol. 3, Issue 10, March 10; Page: 2603-2607,

Abstract: Background: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic non communicable disease with considerable mortality. Persons exposed to different risk factors for years together ultimately develop the disease. By modification of these risk factors diabetes can be prevented or controlled. Methods: This descriptive cross sectional study was carried out in 2018 among the non physician workers of a medical college of Kolkata. Known Diabetic persons were excluded from the study. A predesigned pre tested proforma was used for data collection. After getting the consent the data were collected by interviewing the person. Blood pressure and different anthropometric measurements were done following the standard procedure. Results: Different diabetic risk factors were noted in high percentage of study subjects. Among study subjects 45.1% were overweight or obese. High waist circumference and high waist hip ratio was noted among 66.5% and 84.5% study participants. One third (34.8%) had family history of Diabetes and14.2....

Key Words: Diabetes Mellitus, risk factors, obesity, diet, hospital worker

[1]. Suryakanta AH, Community Medicine with recent advances, 4th ed. New Delhi: Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers.2017
[2]. WHO Diabetes key facts. Available from:https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/diabetes last accessed on e 30.10.2019
[3]. Sarwar N, Gao P, Seshasai SR, Gobin R, Kaptoge S, Di Angelantonio et al .Diabetes mellitus, fasting blood glucose concentration, and risk of vascular disease: a collaborative meta-analysis of 102 prospective studies. Emerging Risk Factors Collaboration. Lancet. 2010; 26;375:2215-2222. [4]. WHO, NCD Country Profiles 2016 .Available from: http://www.who.int/diabetes/country-profiles/en/ last accessed on 30.11.2019
[5]. Anjana RM, Pradeepa R, Deepa M, Datta M, Sudha V, Unnikrishnan R, Bhansali A, Joshi SR, Joshi PP, Yajnik CS et al. ICMR–INDIAB Collaborative Study Group Prevalence of diabetes and prediabetes (impaired fasting glucose and/or impaired glucose tolerance) in urban and rural India: phase I results of the Indian Council of Medical Research-INdia DIABetes (ICMR-INDIAB) study. Diabetologia. 2011 ;54:3022-7.

Abstract: Worldwide Drug Resistant Tuberculosis is on the rise due to increase in detection and noncompliance of Anti tuberculosis treatment. The following abstract describes rare sites of presentation of Drug Resistant (DR) tuberculosis (TB). One case presented with Sternal abscess which on FNAC (Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology) for CBNAAT (Catridge Based Nucleic Acid Amplification Test) showed MTB (mycobacterium tuberculosis detected) which was Rifampicin Resistant. One case presented with right hand abscess with loss of appetite and loss of weight. FNAC of contents of the abscess showed MTB resistant to Rifampicin, Isoniazid, pyrazinamide, ethionamide, ofloxacin and patient was treated as XDR TB. Similarly 6 cases with rare presentation of DR TB were identified and are briefed in this case series

[1]. Anand P, Sarin N. Isolated Sternal Tuberculosis Presenting as a Chest Wall Abscess: A Case Report. Iranian journal of medical sciences. 2018 Jul;43(4):440.
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Abstract: Purpose: Bacteraemia due to nonfermentative gram negative bacilli appears to be increasing in frequency particularly in hospitalized patients with severe underlying illness. Objectives: Therefore purpose of this study was to characterize various nonfermenters and to know their antibiotic susceptibility pattern causing blood stream infections in children. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study was conducted in the Microbiology department of a tertiary care hospital, in Punjab. A total of 2267 paediatrics blood cultures were received from suspected cases of septicaemia in the laboratory. All the blood samples were processed in the Microbiology Laboratory by RAPID BD BACTEC PLUS system and organisms were identified as per standard microbiological techniques. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was done......

Key words: Bacteraemia, Nonfermentative Gram Negative Bacilli

[1]. Koneman E, Allen S, Janda W, Schreckenberger P, Winn W. Colour Atlas and textbook of Diagnostic Microbiology. 6th Edition, Lippincott –Raven Publishers, Philadelphia, 2006.
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[3]. Bergogne-Berezin E, Towner KJ. Acinetobacter spp. as Nosocomial Pathogens: Microbiological, Clinical and Epidemiological Features. Clin Microbiol Rev 1996 Apr; 9: 148-65.
[4]. Aliaga L, Mediavilla JD, Cobo F. A clinical index predicting mortality with Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteremia. J Med Microbiol. 2002 Jul; 51: 615-9.
[5]. Mehta M, Punia JN, Joshi RM. Antibiotic resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains isolated from various clinical specimens- a retrospective study. Indian J Med Microbiol 2001; 19:232

Abstract: Introduction: Deep relaxation technique (DRT) is one of the mind– body relaxation techniques commonly employed in Yoga therapy. Fasting is a therapeutic approach which aims at cleansing the body but at the same time leading to physical and mental stress during adaptation tolow calories. Hence the present aims at evaluating the effect of DRT on stress and sleep quality in healthy volunteers undergoing fasting therapy. Methodology: In this single arm interventional study, 90 healthy volunteers were recruited. All subjects practiced DRT for 20 minutes for 10 consecutive days during the fasting period. Blood pressure (BP), Pulse Rate(PR), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality.....

Key words: Deep Relaxation Technique, Fasting therapy, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Blood pressure, Pulse Rate.

[1]. Woodyard, C. (2011). Exploring the therapeutic effects of yoga and its ability to increase quality of life. International Journal of Yoga, 4(2), p.49.
[2]. Kareemulla, S. (2010). Health and fitness management through yoga. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 44(Suppl_1), pp.i71-i71.
[3]. Bairagya H, Haldar UK. Influence of Geographical Phenomenon on Yoga: A Study on Yoga-Geography. Sch. J. Arts. Humanit. Soc. Sci., Apr 2018; 6(4): 850-858.
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Abstract: Background: The significance of personality characteristics in marital relationship has been severally documented, but only very few have concurrently studied the influence of anxiety/depression and personality in marital satisfaction in our environment. We set out to determine the relevance of personality traits, anxiety/depression in marital satisfaction. Materials and method: It was a cross-sectional study of consecutive attendees of pregnant women in antenatal clinic of Enugu State University Teaching Hospital, who were interviewed with Hospital Anxiety/Depression Scale, Big Five Personality Inventory and Index of Marital Satisfaction.

Key words: Marital, Satisfaction, Personality, Anxiety, Depression.

[1]. Donnellan, M. B., Conger, R. D., & Bryant, C. M. The Big Five and enduring marriages. Journal of Research in Personality. 2004; 38: 481-504
[2]. Karney, B. R., & Bradbury, T. N. The longitudinal course of marital quality and stability:A review of theory, methods, and research. Psychological Bulletin 1995; 118:3-34
[3]. Shiota, M. N., & Levenson, R. W. Birds of a feather don't always fly farthest: Similarity in Big Five personality predicts more negative marital satisfaction trajectories in long-term marriages. Psychology and Aging. 2007; 22: 666-675
[4]. Sousou, S. D. The role of agreeableness and neuroticism in marital satisfaction: Actor and partner contribution. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, 2004;State University of New York At Albany.
[5]. Zoby, M. M. The Association Between Personality and Marital and Relationship Outcome. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, 2005; Regent University, Virginia Beach, Virginia, USA.

Abstract: Primary malignant melanoma of thevagina is a very rare but aggressive tumor with poor prognosis and accounts for less than 1% of all malignant melanoma and less than 3% of all primary malignant tumors of the vagina. A 71 year old post menopausal female patient presented with complaints of dark colored discharge per vagina and difficulty in passing stool for last 3 months. Pelvic examination revealed a lobulated, raised, partly ulcerated and irregular vaginal growth involving upto the lower third of vagina and urethral orifice. Histopathology confirmed malignant melanoma with IHC marker HMB-45 and S-100 positive. Patient was treated with radiotherapy. However, the overall prognosis is very poor despite the treatment modality as most cases are diagnosed at a late stage.

Keywords: Primary, Malignant melanoma, Vagina

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[2]. Chaudhuri S, Das D, Chowdhury S, Gupta AD. Primary malignant melanoma of the vagina: A case report and review of literature. South Asian J Cancer 2013;2:4.
[3]. Tanwar RK, Saxena B, Ali S, Saxena S. Primary malignant melanoma of the vagina: Report of two rare cases. J Can Res Ther 2018;14:1439-41.
[4]. Kalampokas E, Kalampokas T, Damaskos C. Primary Vaginal Melanoma, A rare and aggressive entity. A case report and review of the literature.In vivo 2017;31:133-140.
[5]. Piura B, Rabinovich A, Yanai‑Inbar I. Primary malignant melanoma of the vagina: Case report and review of literature. Eur J Gynaecol Oncol 2002;23:195‑98.