iosr-JDMS   Volume-18 ~ Issue-12 ~ December-2019

Abstract: Introduction: The rise in prevalence of diabetes mellitus, especially type 2 diabetes, is a global health and economic problem. Diabetic retinopathy is a frequent complication of the disease and the leading cause of blindness among working-age populations in the developed world. Type 2 diabetes is characterized by a long, often asymptomatic, period of hyperglycaemia. Therefore, end-organ damage, such as diabetic retinopathy, may already be present in individuals who are unaware that they have type 2 diabetes, and the likelihood of this increases with the duration of the diabetes. Materials and Methods: It was a cross-sectional study conducted over a period of 1 year from January 2018 to December 2018. Among 400 eyes, 200 patients were diagnosed as new case of type II Diabetes mellitus attending the Outpatient Department of....

Key Words: Diabetic retinopathy, DR, NPDR, type 2 diabetes

[1]. Porta M, Maurino M, Severini S et al (2013) Clinical characteristics influence screening intervals for diabetic retinopathy. Diabetologia 56:2147–2152.
[2]. Goyder EC, Irwig LM (2000) Screening for Type 2 diabetes mellitus: a decision analytic approach. Diabet Med 17:469–477.
[3]. Heintz E, Wirehn AB, Peebo BB, Rosenqvist U, Levin LA (2010) Prevalence and healthcare costs of diabetic retinopathy: a population-based register study in Sweden. Diabetologia 53:2147–2154.
[4]. Aspelund T, Thornorisdottir O, Olafsdottir E et al (2011) Individual risk assessment and information technology to optimise screening frequency for diabetic retinopathy. Diabetologia 54:2525–2532.
[5]. van der Heijden AA, Walraven I, van't Riet E et al (2014) Validation of a model to estimate personalised screening frequency to monitor diabetic retinopathy. Diabetologia 57:1332–1338.

Abstract: Aim: To present a case report of an interdisciplinary treatment of young patient with ectodermal dysplasia associated with severe oligodontia Material and method: This report presents a case of a 9 year old child affected by ectodermal dysplasia with hypodontio in the upper jaw, atypically located maxillary canines and edentulism in the lower jaw. Treatment of thos patient was interdisciplinary including an orthodontics, prothodontics and pedodontics. Results: Conservative and prosthodontic treatment made significant imporevement of the extraoral profile as well as intraoral aesthetics. Beside that improvement in masticatory function and speech was also noticed after the treatment. The results had major impacts on self-esteem, masticatory function, speech and facial esthetics. Conclusions: Interdisciplinary management and communication of different specialties has once again proved to be essential in treatment of dental problems in complex cases such as ectodermal dysplasia.....

Keywords: hypodontia, anodontia, oral rehabilitation, removable prosthesis

[1]. Jankulovska E., "Chewng effect in subjects with natural dention", Skopje, 1990
[2]. Jankulovska E., Anatomy and morphology of teeth and jaws", Skopje, 2001
[3]. Jankulovska V., Masticatory efficiency in subjects with class II division 1 and division 2, Skopje 2012
[4]. Annicele da Silva Andrade, Maria Beatriz Duarte Gavião, Gustavo Hauber Gameiro, Moara De RossiI, Characteristics of masticatory muscles in children with unilateral posterior crossbite, Braz. oral res. vol.24 no.2, São Paulo, Apr./June 2010
[5]. J. Li, T. Jiang, H. Feng, K. Wang, Z. Zhang, T. Ishikawa: The electromyographic activity of masseter and anterior temporalis during orofacial symptoms induced by experimental occlusal highspot, J Oral Rehab 36:79-87, 2008

Abstract: Aim: To evaluate the influence of the method of setting artificial teeth in dentures on the masticatory efficiency. Material and method: The studies were performed in three groups of respondents: group 1 consisted of patients with intact dentition and without any pathological changes in other parts of the masticatory complex (n=45), also referred as control group; group 2 consisted of patients with dentures in which artificial teeth were set according to the classical Gisy method (n=10); and group 3 consisted of patients with dentures in which artificial teeth were set according to contemporary method by applying biological principles (n=10). Results: Respondents from group 2, are chewing with 41% masticatory efficiency, whereas respondents from group 3 are chewing with 49% masticatory efficiency, compared with the control group. Conclusions: From this study we can conclude that the method of setting artificial teeth definitely have influence on the masticatory efficiency of the dentures..

Keyword: mastication, electromasticatiography, masticatory efficiency

[1]. Jankulovska E., Total dentures-preclinic, Skopje 2011
[2]. Jankulovska E., Anatomy and morphology of teeth and jaws", Skopje, 2001
[3]. Jankulovska E., "Chewng effect in subjects with natural dention", Skopje, 1990

Abstract: Placenta Accreta is a major cause of maternal morbidity and mortality. It is an abnormal placental invasion encompassing placenta accreta increta and percreta.we present a case report of placenta accreta in which we could save both the mother and baby with prompt clinical diagnosis and prompt management. The management includes internal ilac artery ligation and hysterectomy.

[1]. Y. Oyelese and J. C. Smulian, "Placenta previa, placenta accreta, and vasa previa," Obstetrics and Gynecology, vol. 107, no. 4, pp. 927–941, 2006.
[2]. K. M. Flood, S. Said, M. Geary, M. Robson, C. Fitzpatrick, and F. D. Malone, "Changing trends in peripartum hysterectomy over the last 4 decades," American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecolocoogy vol200, no. 6, pp. 632.e1–632.e6, 2009.
[3]. H. A. Mousa and Z. Alfirevic, "Major postpartum hemorrhage: survey of maternity units in the United Kingdom," Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica, vol. 81, no. 8, pp. 727–730, 2002

Abstract: Objective:This study was done to determine whether nasalsalineirrigationimprovedthesymptomsandsignsof allergicrhinitis(AR)andwhethernasalsalineirrigationcould be used as acomplementarymanagementofAR. Method:30 participants withAR weredividedintotwo groups, Co n t r o l g r o u p a n d Test g r o u p .Symptoms and signs of ARwereevaluated, at the beginning of the study and after 2 weeks. Results:InAR participants treated with nasal irrigation(Testgroup)asignificantimprovementin symptomsandsignswasobserved,andasignificantdecreaseinthemeanrhinitis score . Conclusion: Nasal saline irrigation can be viewed as aadjunctivetherapy forAR.

Key Words: Saline nasal irrigation, Allergic rhinitis

[1]. Bousquet J, Khaltaev N, Cruz AA, Denburg J, Fokkens WJ, Togias A, Zuberbier T, Baena‐Cagnani CE, Canonica GW, Van Weel C, Agache I. Allergic rhinitis and its impact on asthma (ARIA) 2008. Allergy. 2008 Apr;63:8-160.
[2]. Scadding GK, Durham SR, Mirakian R, Jones NS, Leech SC, Farooque S, Ryan D, Walker SM, Clark AT, Dixon TA, Jolles SR. BSACI guidelines for the management of allergic and non‐allergic rhinitis. Clinical & Experimental
[3]. Allergy. 2008 Jan;38(1):19-42.
[4]. Bauchau V, Durham SR. Prevalence and rate of diagnosis of allergic rhinitis in Europe. European Respiratory Journal. 2004 Nov 1;24(5):758-64.
[5]. Chong LY, Head K, Hopkins C, Philpott C, Glew S, Scadding G, Burton MJ, Schilder AG. Saline irrigation for chronic rhinosinusitis. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2016(4).

Abstract: Background: Radiotherapy is a treatment modality of Head & Neck cancer.Hearing loss is a common complication of radiation treatment, which hampers the quality of life of patients. Methods: An institutional based prospective study was carried out in ENT opd of our institution.Patients with newly diagnosed Head & Neck cancer were included in the study.41 patients were evaluted pre & post radiotherapy indifferent settings. Results: Oropharynx(41.46%) is the most commonest site of H and N cancer in our study, followed by Larynx(24.4%). Hearing loss was found in 9 patients (21.95 %). Among them conductive hearing loss was seen in 6 patients (66.6%) and mixed type of hearing loss was seen in 3 patients(33.4%). Conclusion:For better rehabilitation of Head & Neck cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy,hearing loss assessment should be done.

Keywords: Radiotherapy,Head & neck carcinoma,Hearing loss.

[1]. Kaul A, Gupta R, Gupta N, Kotwal S. Auditory alterations following radiotherapy in patients with head and neck malignancy: A prospective study. Indian J Otol. 2015 April ; 21(2):119-23.
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[3]. Bhagat DR, Chowdhary A, Luthra D. Otological complications following radiotherapy in head and neck cancers. Indian J Otol. 2004;10:22‑6.
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[5]. 5. Bhattacharjee A, Chakaraborty A, Purkayastha P.Prevalence of Head and Neck Cancers in the North East - An Institutional Study. Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2006;58(1):15-9.

Abstract: Purpose: Clinical presentation and outcomes of festival related ocular injuries in Holi and Diwali in year 2019 Methods: A prospective study of patients presenting with festival related ie. colors and firecrackers ocular injuries in year 2019. Results: In holi, of the total 29 patients; 14 (73.68%) of were mild injuries, 4 (21.05%) of were moderate injuries and 1 (5.25%) of was severe injury seen. Majority were young adults male (between 21 and 30 years of age, >3/4th were males)......

Keywords: Holi colors, Diwali firecracker, ocular injuries.

[1]. S Gupta, H Selvan, A Markan, and V Gupta. Holi colors and chemical contact keratitis, Eye (Lond). 2018 Jan; 32(1): 1–3.Published online 2017 Oct 20. doi: 10.1038/eye.2017.223[PubMed]
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[3]. Velpandian T, Saha K, Ravi AK, Kumari SS, Biswas NR, Ghose S. Ocular hazards of the colors used during the festival-of-colors (Holi) in India—malachite green toxicity. J Hazard Mater. 2007; 139(2): 204–208. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
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Abstract: Jejunal diverticula are found to be the rarest of all small bowel diverticula. It is usually asymptomatic and often becomes clinically relevant when complicated. This makes it a very difficult to diagnose. Complications such as diverticulitis, perforation, and bleeding and/or intestinal obstruction appear in about 10-30% of the patients which increase the morbidity and mortality rates in such individuals. Here, we present a case of jejunal diverticulosis with perforation who presented with symptoms of acute abdominal pain, vomiting and fever.

Key words: Abdominal pain, Diverticulitis, Intestinal perforation, Perforation

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Abstract: Introduction:Acute Lower Respiratory tract Infection (ALRTI)remains an important cause of morbidity in both the developing and the developed world. In Bangladesh, ALRTI is a major cause of death among young children. As a matter of fact,childhood mortality can be reduced by 50% with detection and early treatment of illness with antibiotics and immunization. Zinc plays an important role in the optimal function of the immune system by reducing the risk, severity and duration of infectious diseases. Zinc supplementation improves health and cell mediated immunity. Aim of the study:The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of zinc supplement in children withacute lower respiratory tract infections (ALRTI) in Bangladesh.......

Key words: ALRTI, Pneumonia, Childhood mortality, Zinc-supplement

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Abstract: Introduction : L'objectif du présent travail est d'une part, d'évaluer la fréquence des cancers du système digestif et d'identifier les organes du système digestif les plus atteints à l'Hôpital Général Provincial de Référence de Kinshasa et d'autre part, de déterminer le profil sociodémographique des malades cancéreux. Matériel et Méthodes : Cette étude a été réalisée à l'Hôpital Général Provincial de Référence de Kinshasa de Janvier 2010 à Janvier 2017. Il s'agit d'une étude descriptive transversale basée sur une analyse documentaire et celle-ci a porté sur les dossiers des patients souffrant d'un cancer du système digestif. Résultats : Sur 708 dossiers des patients cancéreux retenus, 95 concernaient les cancers du système digestif, soit 13,4 %.Les âges étaient repartis en sept tranches, celle de 57 à 66 ans étant la plus touchée avec 23,16%.Quant à l'âge moyen des sujets, il est de l'ordre de ± 50,116 ans. L'âge le plus bas se situait à 17 ans et le plus élevé étant de 97 ans. Les....

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Abstract: Background: Maxillo-mandibular fixation (MMF) establishes dental occlusion for the treatment of mandible and maxilla fractures. The present study was conducted to assess cases of MMF cases using Dental ties. Materials & Methods: The present study was conducted in the department of Oral & maxillofacial surgery in Dr Guru Eye and Dental Surgical centre. It comprised of 20 adult patients of maxillofacial fracture of both genders. MMF was performed using dental Ties. Fracture types, operating room time, dental occlusion, Dental ties application times, number of ties used per patient and device failures were recorded. Results: Out of 20 patients, males were 12 and females were 8. Most common fracture was Parasymphyseal (7) followed by Left subcondylar (5), right.....

Key words: Maxillofacial fracture, dental tie, Oral surgery

[1]. Singh V, Bhagol A, Kumar I. A new and easy technique for maxillomandibular fixation. Natl J Maxillofac Surg. 2010 Jan;1(1):24-5.
[2]. Johnson AW. Dental occlusion ties: A rapid, safe, and non-invasive maxillo-mandibular fixation technology. Laryngoscope Investig Otolaryngol. 2017 Apr 12;2(4):178-183.
[3]. West GH, Griggs JA, Chandran R, Precheur HV, , Buchanan W, Caloss R. Treatment Outcomes With the use of maxilloimandibular fixation screws in the management of mandible fractures. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2014 Jan; 72(1): 112-20.
[4]. Engelstad ME, Kelly P. Embrasure wires for intraoperative maxillomandibular fixation are rapid and effective. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2011;69: 120–124.
[5]. Qureshi AA, Reddy UK, Warad NM, Badal S, Jamadar AA, Qurishi N. Intermaxillary fixation screws versus Erich arch bars in mandibular fractures: a comparative study and review of literature. Ann Maxillofac Surg 2016;6:25–30.

Abstract: Myositis ossificans traumatica (MOT) is a non-neoplastic bone formation within muscle or fascia, presumably due to acute trauma or repeated injury. Myositis ossificans traumatica (synonym: myositis ossificans circumscripta, ossifying hematoma, calcified hematoma, parosteal bone formation) was described by Thoma (1) in 1958 as a condition generally caused by calcification and progressive ossification of an intramuscular hematoma after trauma(2). Reported cases in the head and neck muscle is rare. The muscles most commonly affected in descending order of involvement, are the masseter (75%), temporalis, genioglossus, buccinator and medial pterygoid(3,4). Myositis ossificans traumatica...

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[4]. Kim DD, Lazlow SK, Har-El G, et al. Myositis ossificans traumatic of the masticatory musculature: A case report and literature review. Journal Oral MaxillofacialSurgery 60:1072, 2002.
[5]. Bar Oz B, Boneh A. Myositis ossiticans progressiva: A l-year follow-up on a patient treated with etidronate disodium. Acta Paediatrica 1994;83(12):1332-4

Abstract: Synchronous primary tumours in the female genital tract is a rare phenomenon. Even rarer are the synchronous tumours involving the cervix and endometrium. We present a case of anatomically related yet histologically unrelated tumors. A 60 year old women presented with postmenopausal bleeding and white discharge per vaginum. Initial investigations revealed CIN3 changes in cervix for which extended radical hystrectomy with pelvic lymph node dissection was done. The histopathological examination revealed synchronous primary tumors of squamous cell carcinoma of cervix with endometrial adenocarcinoma. Correct diagnosis and timely intervention is the key for the management in such cases. These tumors have better survival rates and positive outcome if correctly diagnosed and differentiated from metastatic tumors.

Key words: cervix, endometrium, synchronous tumours.

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[2]. Madhala D , Shanmugasundaram G, Narayanan SSC et al;Synchronous primary carcinoma of cervix and endometrium. Annals of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine 2017;4(2):33-36.
[3]. Kambi DP, Mallikarjuna M N, Santosh CS et al; Synchronous malignancies of ovary, fallopian tube and cervix- A rare case. International Journal of Biomedical And Advance Research 2013;04 [09].
[4]. Takalkar U, Asegaonkar BN, Kodlikeri P, Asegaonkar S, Sharma B, Advani SH, et al. An elderly woman with triple primary metachronous malignancy: A case report and review of literature. Int J Surg Case Rep 2013;4:593‑6.
[5]. Hui P, Baergen R,Cheung Y.KurmanRJ, CarcangiuML, HerringtonCS, YongRH, et al. Gestational trophoblastic neoplasms. WHOClassification of Tumors of Female Reproductive Organs IARC, Lyon:2014;158–61..

Abstract: Blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm (BPDCN) is a very rare CD4+ CD56+ myeloid malignancy that is challenging to diagnose and treat. BPDCN predominantly affects skin followed by blood/ bone marrow and later progresses to leukemia. It presents as nonspecific cutaneous lesions with or without extra-cutaneous manifestations, thereby forming a close differential diagnosis for hematodermic malignancies. We present a case of a 2.5-year-old child with blasticplasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm which is an extremely rare hematological malignancy with a distinct treatment protocol.....

Key words: BPDCN,blastic plasmacytoid, myeloid, neoplasm, cutaneous, dendritic cell

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Abstract: Background: An Ankle fractures are one of the most common lower limb fractures; they account for 9% of all fractures, representing a significant portion of the trauma workload. Ankle fractures usually affect young men and older women, however, below the age of 50; ankle fractures are the commonest in men. Timely treatment intervention is a crucial factor for appropriate wound healing and early rehabilitations. Sometimes due to lack of hospital facility in far flung area or some other reasons patient come to hospital late. So for orthopaedic surgeon it has become important to know the outcome of operative treatment done late. Materials and method: It is a Hospital based Quasi-experimental study conducted on 30 patients for a period of 2 years from September 2017 to October 2019 in the Department of Orthopaedics RIMS, Imphal, Manipur to compare the outcome of early versus delayed operative treatment of closed ankle fracture in terms of infection, post operative hospital stay, fracture union.....

Keywords: Ankle fracture, comparative, Functional outcome, Purposive sampling, Olerud C and Molander H functional score system

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Abstract: Introduction: Diabetes with cardiac complications is a well-known global problem.Coronary Artery Disease is more prevalent, more severe and occurs early indiabetics than non-diabetics. Methods:One hundred patients admitted or attending outpatient clinics of Sri Venkateswara Ramnarain Ruia Government General Hospital andfulfilling the inclusion criteria (mentioned below) were evaluated clinically. A baseline ECG was taken in all cases irrespective of cardiac involvement. Patients withnormal ECG pattern are further evaluated with stress test for latent coronary arterydisease. Results:The maximum numbers of patients were found to be in the age group of 41-60 years(73% of patients) and majority (64%) were males. In this study forty percent of patients had evidence of Ischemic Heart Disease. 36%of patients had cardiac autonomic neuropathy. 10% of patients.....

Key words: diabetes mellitus, cardiac manifestations, Ischemic Heart Disease, cardiac autonomic neuropathy

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