iosr-JDMS   Volume-18 ~ Issue-8 ~ August-2019

Abstract: Background: Lumbosacral transitional vertebra (LSTV) is a common congenital anomaly seen in lumbosacral spine. LSTVs include sacralization of the lowest lumbar vertebral body and lumbarization of the uppermost sacral segment. LSTV has been shown to be protective for disc degeneration at the transitional segment, but the adjacent cephalad segment is prone to greater disc degeneration. Materials and methods: A retrospective observational study was done to know of prevalence of LSTV; LSTV subjects were categorized into sacralized L5 [n=83] and lumbarized S1 [n=19] groups and to compare the discal changes between these two cases groups with control group [n=186] at transitional and above three cephalad discs. Discal changes were evaluated using Pfirrmann grading system, presence of annular fissure, symmetric bulging disc, asymmetric bulging disc, protrusion, extrusion....

Keywords: Lumbosacral transitional vertebra, sacralization of L5, lumbarization of S1

[1]. Quinlan JF, Duke D, Eustace S. Bertolotti's syndrome. A cause of back pain in young people. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 2006 Sep;88(9):1183-6.
[2]. Tini PG, Wieser C, Zinn WM. The transitional vertebra of the lumbosacral spine: its radiological classification, incidence, prevalence, and clinical significance. Rheumatol Rehabil. 1977 Aug;16(3):180-5.
[3]. Luoma K, Vehmas T, Raininko R, Luukkonen R, Riihimäki H. Lumbosacral transitional vertebra: relation to disc degeneration and low back pain. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2004 Jan 15;29(2):200-5.
[4]. Seçer M, Muradov JM, Dalgiç A. Evaluation of congenital lumbosacral malformations and neurological findings in patients with low back pain. Turk Neurosurg. 2009 Apr;19(2):145-8.

[5]. Dai L. Lumbosacral transitional vertebrae and low back pain. Bull Hosp Jt Dis.1999;58(4):191-3..

Abstract: Background: Fungal keratitis is a major ophthalmic problem. It is common in India due to the tropical climate and a large agrarian population that is at risk. Materials & Methods: The cases for the present study were selected from the patients attended in the Ophthalmology OPD and/or admitted in Ophthalmology IPD of a tertiary care teaching hospital, Durgapur (West Bengal) during the period from January 2018 to March 2019. Out of all corneal ulcer cases admitted during this period 100 cases clinically suspected to be due to fungal infection were selected for study. Conjunctival swab cultures were carried out from eyes of 10 clinically normal cases to study the fungal flora of conjunctival.......

Keywords: Keratomycosis, Corneal ulcer, Conjunctival swab culture, Topical antifungal agents, Complications

[1]. Whitcher JP, Srinivasan M, Upadhyay MP. Corneal blindness: A global perspective. Bull World Health Organ. 2001;79(3):214–221.

[2]. Bhadange Y, Sharma S, Das S, Sahu SK. Role of liquid culture media in the laboratory diagnosis of microbial keratitis. Am J Ophthalmol. 2013;156(4):745–51.e2

[3]. Suwal S, Bhandari D, Thapa P, Shrestha MK, Amatya J. Microbiological profile of corneal ulcer cases diagnosed in a tertiary care ophthalmological institute in Nepal. BMC Ophthalmol. 2016;16(1):209. Published 2016 Nov 29. [4]. Insan NG, Mane V, Chaudhary BL, Danu MS, Yadav A, Srivastava V. A review of fungal keratitis: Etiology and laboratory diagnosis. Int J Curr Microbiol App Sci. 2013; 2:307–314.

[5]. Leck AK, Thomas PA, Hagan M, Kaliamurthy J, Ackuaku E, John M, et al. Aetiology of suppurative corneal ulcers in Ghana and south India and epidemiology of fungal keratitis. Br J Ophthalmol. 2002; 86:1211–1215..

Abstract: Objective: To compare two different supraglottic airway devices, LMA Supreme and I-Gel, regarding easiness of insertion of device, gastric insufflations, leak pressure hemodynamic and postoperative complications in anesthetized, spontaneously ventilated adult patients performing elective surgical procedures in supine position. Materials and Methods: 60 adult patients scheduled for surgery under general anesthesia were randomly divided into two groups , group I-Gel and group LMA Supreme. Both the groups were compared regarding ease, number of attempts of insertion, incidence of.....

Keywords:I-Gel, Supraglottic airway devices, Supreme laryngeal mask airway.

[1]. Ramesh S, Jayanthi R. Supraglottic airway devices in children. Indian J Anaesth 2011;55(5): 476-482.
[2]. Sinha PK, Misra S. Supraglottic airway devices other than laryngeal mask airway and its protypes. Indian J Anaesth 2005;494(4):281-292.
[3]. Initial anatomic investigations of the I-Gel airway. A novel supraglottic airway without inflatable cuff. Levitan RM, Kinkle WC. 2005. Anesthesia,PP 1022-6 [pubmed: 16179048]
[4]. Van Zundert A, Brimacombe J. The LMA Supreme a pilot study. Anaesthesia 2008;63:209-10.
[5]. Schmidbauer W, Bercker S, Volk T, Bogusch G, Mager G, Kerner T. Oesophageal seal of the novel supralaryngeal airway device I-Gel in comparison with the laryngeal mask airways classic and proseal using a cadaver model. 2009, Br J A naesth Vol. 102,pp 135-9...

Abstract: BACKGROUND: pain and anxiety symptoms are almost always undertreated due to concerns regarding the safety of administering sedatives and opioids. Pre-operative anxiety has many harmful effects on child's physiology and mental well being. Sedative premedications are more effective in this regard. The premedicant should be acceptable, rapid and reliable in onset with minimal adverse effects. Midazolam is a short acting benzodiazepine with rapid onset of action. The intranasal route avoids the need for painful I.V injection and I.V access. It can be administered easily. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of intranasal midazolam, also to study about Degree of sedation, Ease of separation........

Keywords: INTRANASAL, MIDAZOLAM, SEDATION

[1]. Steward D.J preoperative evaluation and preparation for surgery. Ind: Pediatric 4 edition Churchill livingstone New York 2002.
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[3]. Dupuytren B. clinical lectures of surgery. Lancet 2:919, 1834.
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Abstract: Introduction: The cyclic hormonal changes during different phases of menstrual cycle are responsible for various physiological changes including its diverse role on reproductive organs. Their effects on extra-reproductive systems like airway dynamics and respiratory efficiency are very few in literature. Aim: To evaluate the effects of menstrual cycle on various parameters of lung functions and respiratory efficiency in young females. Materials and methods: 30 young non-pregnant females of age group 18-30 years were selected randomly for this study. Their menstrual phases were estimated based on menstrual history questionnaires and last date of menstrual bleeding, namely, menstrual,........

[1]. Jasrotia RB, Kanchan A, Hathi GK, Harsoda JM. Knowledge, attitude and practices of Indian girls on various aspects of menstruation. Transworld Medical Journal, 2013; 1(1): 14-7.
[2]. Eliasson O, Scherzer HH, DeGraff AC. Morbidity in asthma in relation to the menstrual cycle. J Allergy Clin Immunol., 1986; 77: 87–94.
[3]. Suzuki K, Hasegawa T, Sakagami T, Koya T, Toyabe S, Akazawa K, Arakawa M, Gejyo F, Suzuki E. Niigata Asthma Treatment Study G. Analysis of perimenstrual asthma based on questionnaire surveys in Japan. Allergol Int., 2007; 56: 249–255.
[4]. Oguzulgen IK, Turktas H, Erbas D. Airway inflammation in premenstrual asthma. J Asthma, 2002; 39: 517–522.
[5]. Brenner BE, Holmes TM, Mazal B, Camargo CA. Relation between phase of the menstrual cycle and asthma presentations in the emergency department. Thorax, 2005; 60: 806– 809.

Abstract: Introduction: Personal hygiene and nutrition are important determinant of adolescent health which is generally neglected and early adolescence would be better suited for inculcating healthy habits of personal hygiene and nutrition. Objectives: Objectives of the study were assessing status of personal hygiene and nutrition among early adolescent students, examining relationship between personal hygiene and nutritional status, and to observe status of Healthful school environment. Methodology: It was a descriptive epidemiological study, cross-sectional in design, conducted in April 2017 at Sagore Dutta Free High School, Kamarhati involving 147 early adolescent students of class V to VIII, selected by applying inclusion and exclusion..............

Keywords: hygiene, nutrition, early adolescent, West Bengal.

[1]. Dongre A R, Deshmukh P R, Gard B S. The impact of school health education programme on personal hygiene and related morbidities in tribal school children of Wardha district. Indian Journal of Community Medicine; April-June 2006. Vol-31(2). (pg. No. 81-82.
[2]. Dixit L P, Shakya A, Shrestha M, Shrestha A. Dental Caries prevalence, oral health knowledge and practice among indigenous Chepang school children of Nepal. BMC Oral Health. May 2013, https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6831-13-20.
[3]. Yerpude P N, Jogdand K S, Jogdand M. A study of health status among school going adolescents in South India. /int. J of Health Sciences & Research. Vol.3; Issure: 11; November 2013. pp 8-12.
[4]. Polk D E, Weyant R J, Manz M C. Socioeconomic factors in adolescents‟ oral health: are they mediated by oral hygiene behaviours or preventive interventions? Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology 2010; 38: 1-9.
[5]. Deb S, Dutta S, Dasgupta A, Misra R. Relationship of personal hygiene with nutrition and morbidity profile : A study among primary school children in south Kolkata; Indian Journal of Community Medicine; April-June 2010: , Vol-35(2). pp. No. 280-284.

Abstract: Purpose: - To find the correlation between vertical dimension of occlusion (VDO) and length of fingers in U.P. West region. Material and Method: - A Cross-sectional study was conducted on 200 medically fit dentate subjects comprising of 100 males and 100 females. Anthropometric measurements of Vertical dimension of occlusion, length of little finger and distance from tip of thumb and tip of index finger of right hand were recorded clinically using Digital Venire Caliper. Correlation between VDO and Length of fingers was studied using Spearman's Coefficient. For the execution of regression command and Preparation of prediction equations to estimate VDO, IBM statistical package for social sciences software version 24.0 was used. Result:-The length of the Index finger can be helpful in estimating VDO of females and little finger for males in estimating VDO. As concluded by the literature, this method is reliable, reproducible, simple, economic and non-invasive..

Keywords: Anthropological, hormone, neuromuscular system, stomatognathic system

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Abstract: Today, a modern view of dentistry is one that recognizes the emotions or psychological essence of the patient in relationship to the dental situation, dental health care, and, especially, esthetics. Teeth play an important role in the maintenance of a positive self-image. The loss of teeth results in significant disabilities, which can profoundly disrupt social activities. Tooth loss is very unpleasant and is regarded as a difficult life event that may require a complicated treatment.It has been suggested that adverse reactions towards edentulousness as well as the individuals' feelings about dentures are important for the acceptance of the new dentures. The attitude towards tooth loss is changing. Adults desire better treatment for their dental health than in the past.Research has demonstrated that.........

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2. Pallegedara C, Ekanayake L. Tooth loss, the wearing of dentures, and associated factors in Sri Lankan older individuals. Gerodontology 2005;22:193-9.
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Abstract: Objective of our study was to investigate the variation in the morphology of soft palate in normal individuals.- The study was conducted in 200 (100 males and 100 females) individuals requiring orthodontic treatment and who require lateral cephalogram for the purpose of treatment. The age range of the individual was between 9-40years .Velar shape was classified into 6 patterns as described by Youet .al. The difference in pattern and as well as difference between gender were studied.Results of study were as follows.: - Type 1(Leaf shape) was the most common shape of the soft palate (42%) found followed by type 2(32%), type 3(10%), type 4(9%), type5 (5%) and type 6 (2%). Type 1 was the commonest seen in males (55%) and type 2 was more commonly seen in females (40%).Conclusion: - Knowledge of variation of soft palate morphology will be helpful in the field of research related to cleft palate, sleep apnoea disorders and other disorders

Keywords: soft palate, cephalogram, pharynx

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Abstract: Alcohol is a psychoactive drug and has increased risk of developing various non-communicable diseases apart from dependence producing properties. .Indigeneous Australians who accounts for 2.6 %of Australian population have death rate double of the non indigeneous population probably due to higher prevalence of alcohol abuse among the indigeneous population. This review article analyzes the various determinants of health contributing to alcohol abuse in indigenous population and recommendations to improve current status of indigenous population.

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Abstract: Dental internship is one of the most turning points in life of a dental surgeon. Residency in India gives an intern with immense workload which can hamper confidence and work style of a dentist. Thus this review article gives an overview of problem faced by an intern of a government dental college and various ways to cope such pressure and workload.

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[4]. Anagnostopoulos F, Demerouti E, Sykioti P, Niakas D, Zis P. Factors associated with mental health status of medical residents: a model-guided study. Journal of clinical psychology in medical settings. 2015 Mar 1;22(1):90-109.
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Abstract: Endotoxin InduceUveitis (EIU) is an experimental inflammation mimics the real acute uveitis, involving iris, ciliary body and choroid, in which many cytokines had been involved. Curcuma longa (CL) has anti-inflammatory and pro-inflammatory effects in several tissues including the eye. Objective: to determine the anti-inflammatory effects of curcuma longa extract on endotoxin induced uveitis. Methods: EIU was generated by intravitreally injection of lipopolysaccharide LPS of E.coli (LPS; 100 μg).The study group consist of control group and treatment group which was given curcuma longa extract (80 mg/kg body weight) intra gastric.......

Keywords: curcuma longa, endotoxin, uveitis, IL1-, COX-2, rabbits

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