iosr-JDMS   Volume-20 ~ Issue-10 ~ Oct. 2021

Abstract: Shoulder pain is a familiar problem which poses complicated diagnostic and curative challenges. It is the third most frequent musculoskeletal criticism in the general population. A compromised shoulder due to pain, stiffness or weakness causes substantial disability and affects the person's ability to carry out daily activities. The objective of the study is to evaluate the presenting pathologies using MRI in patients with shoulder pain. The cross-sectional observational study was carried out in the department Radiology and Imaging Bangabandhu Sheikh Majib Medical University, during January 2021 to June 2021. A total 80 patients with shoulder pain referred for......

Key word: Painful shoulder; Magnetic Resonance Imaging

[1]. Chaudhari P, and Chitnis A. Role of MRI in evaluation of shoulder pain. Indian Journal Of Research.2017;6(1):21-23
[2]. Chard, M.D., Hazelman, R., Hazelman, B.L. et al. Shoulder disorders in the elderly: A community survey. Arthritis Rheumatism. 1991; 34(6): 766-769.
[3]. Tuite MJ, Small KM. Imaging evaluation of nonacute shoulder pain. American Journal of Roentgenology. 2017 Sep;209(3):525-33.
[4]. Onyambu CK, M'Arithi LM. MRI evaluation of patients with shoulder pain at three imaging centres in Nairobi. East African Orthopaedic Journal. 2014 Jun 20;8(1):10-5.
[5]. Chudasama S, Khunt D. Role of MRI in Evaluation of Chronic Shoulder Pain. International Journal of Science and Healthcare Research. 2020;5(1):150-8

Abstract: Introduction Hypospadias defects are usually obvious at birth and best repaired during childhood. This has well documented benefits of mitigating adverse emotional and psychological consequences on the child. Adult patients with hypospadias fall into three categories: the primary cases, those with previous failed repair and those with multiple failed repairs. Tubularized Incised Plate Urethroplasty is one of the commonest methods used in urethroplasty with good outcome and acceptable complication rate. Objectives To highlights our experience in the management of teenagers and young adults with primary hypospadias and had repair by the Tubularized.......

Keywords: Hypospadias, Adults Teenagers, TIP, urethroplasty

[1]. Raimund S. Hypospadias. Euorpean association of Urology 2012; 11: 33-45.
[2]. Heshmat SW. Pathoembryology of hypospadias and chordee. MOJ Anat Physiol. 2018; 5: 6‒10.
[3]. Keays MA, Dave S. Current hypospadias management: Diagnosis, surgical management,and long-term patient-centred outcomes.Can Urol Assoc J 2017; 11:48-53.
[4]. Antonio MJ, AtilaR, Valdemar O. Hypospadias. CurrOpinUrol 2012, 22:447–452.
[5]. Zhu XY, Feng DC, Hang T. Hypospadias in male infants – a review. Eur. Rev.Med. Pharmacol. Sci 2017, 21: 1-3

Abstract: Background: The most common cause of prolonged first stage of labour is cervical spasm leading to cervical dystocia. Many times it is observed that inspite of good uterine contractions; cervix fails to dilate or dilates very slowly. Drotaverine hydrochloride is a non-anticholinergic isoquinoline derivative which acts by elevating intracellular cyclic Adenosine Mono Phosphate (cAMP) and cyclicGuanosine Mono Phosphate (cGMP) promoting smooth muscle relaxation. Materials And Method: This was a prospective study done at.....

Keywords: Drotaverine is a potent and safe cervical dialator.

[1]. Tripathi KD. Antichoinergic drug and drug acting on autonomic gangalia. Essential of medical pharmacology. 6th ed. Jaypee brother's medical publishers Ltd. New Delhi 2008; p.111-12.
[2]. Madhu C, Mahavarkar S Bhave S. A randomised controlled study comparing Drotaverine hydrochloride and Valethamate bromide in the augmentation of labour. Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2010;282(1):11-5.
[3]. Sharma JB, PundirP, Kumar A, Murthy NS. Drotaverine hydrochloride vsvalethamate bromide in acceleration of labor. Int Journal of Gynaecology& Obstetrics 2001;74:255-260
[4]. Ashok KB In search of efficacy of valethamate bromide, a cervical dilator: review of global medicine and healthcare research (RGMHR) 2011; 2(1):17-21.
[5]. Singh KC, Jain P, Goel N, Saxena A. Drotaverine hydrochloride for augmentation of labour. Int J GynaecolObstet 2004; 84:17-22

Abstract: Sacrococcygeal Pilonidal Disease(PD) has an incidence of 26 per 100000 people and is a source of morbidity to young adults due to the chronicity of the disease and the extent of surgical intervention. Treatment of PD ranges from simple incision and drainage to excision with flap reconstruction. Wound complications and recurrence remain high despite the availability of multiple therapies. Hence it is a challenging disease process to both patients and surgeons. The evolution of treatment for PD was guided by the various theories that were put forth for it's origin. Since it is a disease of young adults, especially working men, there is a need to do as much as a conservative approach as possible, while avoiding recurrence.....

[1]. Shackelford's Surgery of the Alimentary Tract – Eight Edition ; Charles J. Yeo, - Chapter 153
[2]. Bailey and Love's Short Practice of Surgery – 27th Edition – CRC Press
[3]. Sabiston Textbook of Surgery – 21st Edition – Townsend; Beauchamp; Evers; Mattox
[4]. Fischer's Mastery of Surgery – 7th Edition
[5]. Farquharson's Textbook of Operative General Surgery – 10th Edition

Abstract: Patients with class II malocclusion generally seek orthodontic treatment for esthetic concern. Functional appliance have been treatment of choice for growing patient with skeletal class II malocclusion. Twin block is one such removable appliance which is simple, efficient, removable appliance which is to be worn 24 hours. One of the major disadvantage of removable appliance is patient compliance. Here's a case report demonstrating a female patient treated with fixed twin block which eliminates the need of patient compliance and ensures full time wear of the appliance. 12 year old girl with mandibular retrognathism was treated with fixed twin block. This appliance when given during growing phase produce the good skeletal effect and pleasing soft tissue profile.....

Key Word: Fixed twin block appliance, Functional appliance, Growth modulation, Skeletal class II malocclusion

[1]. Proffit WR, Fields HW Jr, Moray LJ. Prevalence of malocclusion and orthodontic treatment need in the United States: estimates from the NHANES III survey. Int J Adult OrthodonOrthognath Surg. 1998; 13:97–106.
[2]. Celikoglu M, Akpinar S, Yavuz I. The pattern of malocclusion in a sample of orthodontic patients from Turkey. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2010; 15:e791–e796.
[3]. Arici S, Akan H, Yakubov K, Arici N. Effects of fixed functional appliance treatment on the temporomandibular joint . Am J OrthodDentofacialOrthop. 2008; 133:809–814.
[4]. McNamara JA Jr. Components of Class II malocclusion in children 8–10 years of age. Angle Orthod. 1981; 51:177–202.
[5]. Clark WJ. The twin block traction technique. Eur J Orthod 1982; 4:129-38.

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Cellulitis is a spreading, suppurative infection of the dermal and subdermal tissues that induces host response This study is a focus on the local epidemiology, microbacterial flora and antibiotic sensitivity pattern of microorganism causing cellulitis. METHODS: This cross sectional observational study was conducted in surgery department of a tertiary care hospital during January 2019 to September 2020. Study population consisted of 160 patients with cellulitis admitted in surgical wards. Demography, clinical examination and details of culture, antibiotic sensitivity and management were noted. RESULTS: Out of 160 patients 72(45%) were in age group of 41-60 years, 100 (62.50%) were males and 60 (37.50%) were females. Most common site involved.......

Keywords: Infection, Cellulitis, Antibiotics, Microbiological

[1]. Eron LJ, Lipsky B, Low DE, et al. Managing skin and soft tissue infections: expert panel recommendations on key decision points. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2003; 52(Suppl 1):i3-17
[2]. Cox NH. Management of lower leg cellulitis. Clin Med. 2002; 2(1):23
[3]. S M Ellis Simonsen 1, E R van Orman, B E Hatch, S S Jones, L H Gren, K T Hegmann, J L Lyon. Cellulitis incidence in a defined population. Epidemiol Infect. 2006 Apr;134(2):293-9. doi: 10.1017/S095026880500484X.c
[4]. J Carratalà 1, B Rosón, N Fernández-Sabé, E Shaw, O del Rio, A Rivera, F Gudiol. Factors Associated With Complications and Mortality in Adult Patients Hospitalized for Infectious Cellulitis Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2003 Mar;22(3):151-7.doi: 10.1007/s10096-003-0902-x. Epub 2003 Mar 5.
[5]. Sadiya Mustafavi, Shafia Siddiqui, Tanveer Yousra, Sariya Nooreen, Sabha Sultana. Evaluation of various antibiotics used in the treatment of cellulitis at a tertiary care hospital. Int J Res Med Sci. 2020 Jan;8(1):272-276

Abstract: Background: Pyoderma refers to the purulent skin disease that represents the infection of epidermis, dermis and its appendages. Cutaneous pyogenic infections can be broadly divided into primary and secondary pyodermas. In majority of organisms isolated in primary and secondary pyodermas are either Staphylococcus aureus or Streptococcus pyogenes. The indiscriminate use of antibiotics has produced changes in the bacterial flora and resulting in emergence of antibiotic resistance. Hence, importance of a study to understand the current aetiological agents and their antibiotic sensitivity patterns cannot be further emphasized. Materials and Methods:......

Keywords: Pyoderma; Bacteriological Profile; Antibiotic Sensitivity

[1]. Shanker Venkatesh BM, Nagaraju K, Vivekananda N. Bacteriological Profile and Antibiotic Susceptibility of Pyodermas at a Tribal Tertiary Care Hospital. Sch J Appl Med Sci Sch J App Med Sci. 2016;4(8E).
[2]. Ramani TV and Jayakar PA. Bacteriological study of 100 cases of Pyodermas with special reference to Staphylococci, antibiotic sensitivity and phage pattern. Ind J Dermatol Venereol Leprol. 1980;46(5):282–6.
[3]. Taplin D, Landsdell L, Allen AM, Rodriguez R, Cortes A. Prevalence of streptococcal pyoderma in relation to climate and hygiene. Lancet. 1973 Mar 10;1(7802):501-3. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(73)90324-3. PMD: 4119945.
[4]. Singh A, Kumar Gupta L, Kumar Khare A, Mittal A, Kuldeep C, Balai M. A Clinico-Bacteriological Study of Pyodermas at a Tertiary Health Center in Southwest Rajasthan. Indian J Dermatol. 2015;60(5):479–84.
[5]. Shashi Gandhi, A K Ojha, K P Ranjan, Neelima. Clinical and Bacteriological Aspects of Pyoderma. N Am J Med Sci. 2012;4(10):492–5.

Abstract: Dermatophytosis are one of the more common superficial fungal infection affecting a large number of world population. Dermatophytes are moulds belonging to the three genera of fungi imperfecti (1) Microsporum, (2) Trichophyton, and (3) Epidermophyton.Over the past few years, it has been documented that dermatophyte infections have increased by many folds in India. At the same time, there is also a change in the disease presentation, severity, response to treatment, and relapse rate.Aims and Objective of the study was to study clinico-epidemiological profile of superficial fungal infections in and around Jaipur. 200 clinically diagnosed registered cases of superficial fungal infections....

Keywords: Superficial dermatophytosis , Mycological examination, Fungal culture.

[1]. Gorbach SL, Bartlett JL, Blacklow NR. 3rd ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins; 2004. Infectious disease; pp. 1162– 80.
[2]. Kanwar AJ, Mamta, Chander J. Superficial fungal infections. In: Valia GR, editor. IADVL Text book and Atlas of Dermatology. 2nd ed. Mumbai: Bhalani Publishing House; 2001. pp. 215–58.
[3]. Bishnoi A, Vinay K, Dogra S. Emergence of recalcitrant dermatophytosis in India. Lancet Infect Dis 2018;18:250-1.
[4]. Verma SB, Zouboulis C. Indian irrational skin creams and steroid-modified dermatophytosis – An unholy nexus and alarming situation. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol2018;62:227.
[5]. Verma SB, Madhu R. The great Indian epidemic of superficial dermatophytosis: An appraisal. Indian J Dermatol. 2017;62:227–36.

Abstract: Introduction: Palpable lymphadenopathies as the name suggests are quite superficial and easily accessible to fine needle aspiration cytology. A reliable fine needle aspiration if available is an advantage to both the patient and the surgeon as the technique is rapid, safe and cost – effective. The objective of this study wasTo assess the utility of FNAC as an initial diagnostic modality in patients with palpable lymphadenopathy up to 18 years of age and its clinico-cytological correlation Material and Methods: This study was carried out in patients up to 18 years of age, who had palpable lymph node masses at department of pathology.....

Key Words: Fine needle aspiration cytology, FNAC, children, lymphadenopathy.

[1]. Nield LS, Kamat D. Lymphadenopathy in Children: When and How to Evaluate. ClinPediatr. 2004; 43: 25-33.
[2]. Twist CJ, Link MP. Assessment oflymphadenopathy in children. PediatrClin N Am 2002; 49: 1009-2
[3]. 3.Larsson LO, Bentzon MW, Berg K, et al. Palpable lymph nodes of the neck in Swedish schoolchildren. Acta Paediatra83 1994;83: 1092—1094.
[4]. Grossman M, Shiramizu B; Evaluation of lymphadenopathy in children. CurropinPediatr., 1994;6: 68-76
[5]. Jackson MA, Chesney PJ; Lymphatic system and generalized lymphadenopathy. In Long SS, Pickering LK, Prober CG editors;
Principles and Practice of Pediatric Infectious Diseases. 4th edition, Elsevier Saunders,Edinburg, 2012: 127.

Abstract: Rationale: The Gorham-Stout syndrome is a rare disease whose studies are not yet conclusive, requiring the dentist-surgeon to know the main signs and symptoms and characterization of radiological and laboratory tests to obtain data that supports a correct diagnosis. General objective: a second essay on Gorham-Stout Syndrome focused on basic supports for Dentist Surgeon on the diagnosis and evolution of treatment of this pathology, having seen its importance in musculoskeletal system and that can be occur also in the skull and jaw, they require a differentiated and well-founded diagnosis. Specific objectives: identify the signs and symptoms of Gorham-Stout Syndrome; and, to know the evolution of the treatment of this pathology. Methodology: bibliographicy.....

Key Words: Gorham-Stout Syndrome – maxillofacial region, Idiopathic Osteolysis Massive – maxillofacial region, Gorham-Stout Syndrome – therapies. Rare diseases

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