iosr-JDMS   Volume-20 ~ Issue-10 ~ Oct. 2021

Abstract: Maternal near miss data is invisible and is very important to reduce the maternal mortality. The aim of this study is to determine the incidence and etiology of near miss events. This prospective observational study is done at Govt. Medical College, Kadapa from September 2020- August 2021. The data is collected from obstetrics emergency patients. The incidence ratio, etiology, and timings of these near miss events are analyzed. Of the 19 maternal near miss cases with an incidence ratio of 2.9 per 1000 live births, hypertensive disorders of pregnancy are the most common cause of near miss events accounting for (42.1%), followed by obstetrics hemorrhage (31.5%), perforation of uterus (10.5%), while rupture uterus (5.2%), sepsis (5.2%), and anemia (5.2%), are of same proportion. 31.5% of the near miss events occurred in postpartum period (31.5%) followed by 3rdtrimester (21.0%) & post abortal (21.0%) period. The 2ndtrimester has (15.7%) cases, and 5.2% during the intrapartum period.......

Key words: maternal near miss, maternal mortality, postpartum

[1]. Say L, sovza JP, pattinson RC, WHO working group on maternal mortality& morbidity classifications.
[2]. Roopa PS, Verma S. Rai L, Kumar P, Murlidhar V, Pai et al Near miss obstetrics events and maternal deaths in a Teritiary care Hospital. An audit journal of pregnancy,2013.
[3]. Sarma HKO, sarma HK, Kalita AK, A prospective study of maternal near miss and maternal mortality cases in FAAMCH, Barpeta, with special reference to HS etiology and management. First 4 months report.
[4]. Khan KS Wojdyla D, say L, Gulmezoglu AM, Vanlook PF. WHO analysis of causes of maternal death. A systemic review. Laneet, 2006:367:1066-74.
[5]. Walraven G Telfer M, Rowley J, Ronsmans C. Maternal mortality in rural Gambia; Levels, causes &contributy factors. Bill world Health Organ 2006:78-603-13.

Abstract: The presence of any abnormal oral habits may affect the form and function of orofacial structures. Tongue thrusting is one of the most common oral habits which results in the development of anterior open bite. Hence, this case report deals with the management of tongue thrusting habit in an 8-year-old patient which was intervened using fixed palatal crib appliance.

Keywords - Tongue thrusting habit, Anterior open bite, Palatal crib.

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Abstract: AIM: This study aims to compare epidural Ropivacaine's effectiveness with epiduralBupivacaine for anesthesia in the lower ext remi ty, andlower abdominal surgeries with respectto theonsetofsensory andmotorblockade, degreeofmotorblock(usingModifiedBromagescale), duration of motorblockade, duration of sensory analgesia.MATERIALS AND METHODS: After taking institutional ethical committee approval and
written informed consent, 60 patients aged between 18 to 60years posted for elective lowerlimb and lower abdominal surgeries were selected. The study population was randomly divided into 2 groups with 30 patients in each group. Study group R- received 15ml of 0.5% Ropivacaine (isobaric) by the epidural route. Study group B- received 15ml of 0.5% Bupivacaine (isobaric)by the epidural route. The onset of sensory blockade,the onset of motor blockade, highest level of sensoryblockade,degree of motorblock was evaluated.RESULTS: There is no difference in the onset of sensoryand....

Keywords: Bupivacaine, Ropivacaine,Epidural anesthesia, Sensory block, Motor block

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Abstract: Background: Caesarean section is one of the common abdominal surgery on women in most countries. One of the most common indications for repeat caesarean section is previous caesarean delivery. Later due to increasing rates of cesarean section (CS) suggestions were made that vaginal birth after CS (VBAC) might help in reducing the rates of CS. So trial of labor in cases of previous CS (PCS) has been accepted as a way to reduce the overall CS rates. VBAC is believed to be appropriate for most women with a history of lower segment transverse caesarean section. Present study was undertaken to assess the success and safety of VBAC in selected cases of one previous caesarean section and to evaluate the maternal and fetal outcome.....

Key Words: VBAC (Vaginal Birth After Caesarean), TOLAC 9Trial of labour after caesarean),

[1]. Birara M, Gebrehiwot Y. factors associated with success of vaginal birth after one cesarean section (VBAC) at three teaching hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: a case control study. BMC pregnancy Childbirth. 2013;13(1):31.
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[3]. Dodd J, Crowther CA. VBAC: a survey of practice in Australia 5. and New Zealand. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 2003, 43:226–231.
[4]. McMahon MJ et al. Comparison of a trial of labor with an elective second Cesarean section. New England Journal of Medicine, 1996, 335:689–695.
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Abstract: BACKGROUND:- Multiple pregnancy is considered a high risk for obstetric complications such as spontaneous abortion, hypertensive disorders, placenta previa, anemia, postpartum hemorrhage and fetal complications like malformations, pre-maturity, low birth weight, intrauterine growth restriction, neonatal morbidity and high perinatal, neonatal and infant mortality.Due to inherent biological factors, twin pregnancies have increased rates of obstetric and perinatal complications.¹‾³ WHO Global Survey on Maternal and Perinatal Health (2004–2008), where twin pregnancy was a significant, independent risk factor for maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality compared to singleton pregnancies4.The incidence of spontaneous twinning differs according to country and ethnicity. Triplets are estimated to occur in 1 out of [86]² pregnancies and quadruplets in 1 out of [86]³ pregnanciesin.....

Keywords: Multiple pregnancy, maternal outcome, fetal outcome

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[4]. Vogel JP, Torloni MR, Seuc A, Betrán AP, Widmer M, Souza JP, et al. Maternal and perinatal outcomes of twin pregnancy in 23 low- and middle-income countries. PLoS One. 2013;8(8):e70549.
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Abstract: Prostate cancer is a major health problem throughout the developed world. Tumor grade is one of the most important prognostic factors of prostate cancer. At present, adequate prognostic markers for prostate cancer progression are still lacking, in spite of intensive investigation. Accordingly, we studied the role of immunohistochemical (IHC) expression of p53 and Ki-67 as a prognostic factor in carcinoma prostate and correlated their expression with Gleason's grade. Considering that most cases of prostate cancer are diagnosed microscopically before metastatic spread and among these, few cases have rapid and life-threatening outcome. Therefore, if these groups can be differentiated
from each other we can help patients......

Keywords:ki67, p53, TURP prostatic & carcinoma. Study Design: Review Article

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Abstract: Stroke is a neurological disorder characterized by occlusion of blood vessels in the brain as a result of thrombi or emboli, which block laminar blood flow.Stroke is the third leading cause of death (after heart disease and cancer).For the realization of this research, a descriptive epidemiological method was applied, as well as a retrospective analysis of a total of 1132 patients with cerebral infarction from Strumica from the Statistics Department of the Center for Public Health at PHI General Hospital - Strumica. A comparison was made in terms of gender, age and age groups, morbidity rate. Мost of the patients were hospitalized in 2016 (21.4%), the majority of the respondents are aged 65-74 years (35.0%), while the men have the higher risk of developing the disease (57.6 %). The average age......

Key Words: cerebral, infarct, statistics, Strumica

[1]. Le T, Bhushan V, Bagga H. First Aid for the USMLE Step 2 CK. McGraw-Hill; 2009: p. 221-222
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Abstract: Aim: This retrospective study aims to evaluate our results according to figures in the literature and to conclude about the best choice of surgical approach as well as long term results in the management of SOM.Sphenoorbital meningiomas are a rare location of grade I meningioma that arise from the sphenoid wing and cause hyperostosis with a large dural infiltration. This tumour can invade important neuro vascular structures such as the optic nerve, occulo motor nerves, peri orbit and the cavernous sinus (CS). Surgery of SOM addresses the balance between gross total tumour removal and the long-term progression free survival with low recurrence rate. Patients and methods: In this study we are reviewing a serie of 37 patients operated from SOM in the period between 2011 and 2O21.....

Keywords:Spheno-orbital meningiomas, Orbitosphenoidmeningiomas, meningioma "en plaque", Optic nerve Abbreviations: Optic nerve: ON, spheno-orbital meningiomas: SOM, Cavernous Sinus: CS,progression free survival: PFS

[1]. G. Mariniello, F. Maiuri, D. Strianese, Spheno-orbital Meningiomas: Surgical Approaches and Outcome According to the IntraorbitalTumo Extent ZentralblattfürNeurochirurgie · August 2008, DOI: 10.1055/s-2008-1077077 ·
[2]. Oya S, Sade B, Lee JH. Sphenoorbital Meningioma: Surgical Technique and Outcome. J Neurosurg (2011) 114:1241– 9.doi:0.3171/2010.10.JNS101128
[3]. Ringel F, Cedzich C, Schramm J. Microsurgical Technique and Results of a Series of 63 Spheno-Orbital Meningiomas. Neurosurgery (2007) 60:214–21; discussion 221.doi: 10.1227/01.NEU.0000255415.47937.1A[4]. Terrier L-M, Bernard F, Fournier H-D, Morandi X, Velut S, Hénaux P -L, et al. Spheno-Orbital Meningiomas Surgery: Multicenter Management Study for Complex Extensive Tumors. World Neurosurg (2018) 112: e145–56. doi: 10.1016/j.wneu.2017.12.182
[5]. Boari N, Gagliardi F, Spina A, Bailo M, Franzin A, Mortini P. Management of Spheno-Orbital En Plaque Meningiomas: Clinical Outcome in a Consecutive Series of 40 Patients. Br J Neurosurg(2013) 27:84–90.doi: 10.3109/02688697.2012.709557.

Abstract: Background: Pterygium is a wing shaped triangular growth of the bulbar conjunctiva encroaching onto the cornea, usually within the intrapalpebral fissure. Pterygium excision with conjunctival autografting is a well accepted procedure and can be done using sutures or adhesives. Aim of this study was to compare the clinical outcome and post operative complications of pterygium surgery done by conjunctival autografting using sutures versus fibrin glue. Material and Methods : A prospective, observational and analytical study was conducted on patients undergoing pterygium surgery with conjuctival autografting using either sutures or commercial fibrin glue at Post Graduate Department of Ophthalmology, SMHS Hospital, Srinagar over a period of two years. The study was conducted on 100 eyes of 100 patients with progressive pterygium who were randomly allocated in two groups and operated upon by a single surgeon.......

Keywords: Pterygium, conjuctival autografting, sutures, fibrin glue

[1]. Chui J, Di Girolamo N, Wakefield D and Coroneo MT. The pathogenesis of pterygium: Current concepts and their therapeutic implications. Ocul Surf. 2008; 6: 24–43.
[2]. Gurinder Singh. Pterygium and its surgery.In: Foster CS, Azar DT, Dehlman CH. Smolin and Thofts The Cornea scientific foundations and clinical practice, 4th ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins; 2005.
[3]. Marticorena J, Rodriguez-Ares MT, Tourino R, et al. Pterygium surgery: conjunctival autograft using a fibrin adhesive. Cornea 2006; 25(1): 34-36.
[4]. Uy HS, Reyes JM, Flores JDG, Lim-Bon-Siong R et al. Comparison of fibrin glue and sutures for attaching conjunctival autografts after pterygium excision. Ophthalmology 2005;112(4): 667-671.
[5]. Sarnicola V, Vannozzi L, Motolese PA. Recurrence rate using fibrin glue-assisted ipsilateral conjunctival autograft in pterygium surgery: 2- year follow up. Cornea 2010; 29(11): 1211-1214.

Abstract: Foot and mouth disease is an infectious and sometimes fatal viral disease that affected tongue, mouth and cloven hoofed animals, including domestic and wild bovid. FMD is prevented successfully by using high quality protein for production of anti viral vaccine, no need virus VPg protein for the production of vaccine. Foot and mouth disease is a severe and highly contagious viral disease.The FMD virus causes illness and hoofs, mouth ulceration in cows, pigs ,sheep ,goat deer and others animals. FMDV is apicornavirus. The picornavirus family consists of nine members, including foot and mouth disease virus FMDV. In addition the picornavirus family contains a number.....

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[4]. Fenner's Veterinary-2010 .
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[6]. Molecular biology of picornaviruses—Eckard Wimmer, Bert L. Semler (1979).

Abstract: Introduction: Birth weight is a sensitive and reliable predictor of health in newborn babies. Determining the birth weight is extremely important because that can help in identifying babies who need emergency or special care after birth. According to WHO, a birth weight of <2.5kg is considered low birth weight for babies. But it is not always possible to measure the weight after birth, as, in many developing countries including ours, most childbirths happen at home, by the hands of traditional birth attendants, who don't always have weighing scales with them. Also in many tertiary hospitals, babies are not regularly weighed because of the lack of weighing scales. Because of this, anthropometric....

Keywords: Anthropometric, Measurements, low Birth Weight, Chest Circumference, MUAC

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[5]. Sajjadian N, Shajari H, Rahimi F, Jahadi R, Barakat MG. Anthropometric measurements at birth as predictor of low birth weight. Health. 2011 Dec 8;3(12):752-6.