iosr-JDMS   Volume-20 ~ Issue-10 ~ Oct. 2021

Abstract: hyperparathyroidism is a rare disease with some metabolic presentation. Excessive production of PTH, termed hyperparathyroidism, is assessed as primary, secondary, or tertiary in form. Primary hyperparathyroidism, due to autonomous hypersecretion of PTH, usually occurs within the setting of a parathyroid adenoma (80%) but also can be seen with parathyroid hyperplasia (15%–20%) or carcinoma .Secondary hyperparathyroidism results from stimulation of the parathyroid glands as a response to hypocalcaemia or due to apparent......

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Abstract: Aim and Objectives: To study the clinical and radiological profile of endobronchial lesions detected during bronchoscopy. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional retrospective observational study done in 48 patients at Government hospital for chest and communicable diseases, Visakhapatnam. Demographic, clinical, and radiological profile was prepared for all patients above 18 years of age, and relevant blood and radiological investigations were conducted. Patients detected to have endobronchial lesion during fiberoptic bronchoscopy were selected for the study. Bronchial washings, bronchial biopsy, and bronchial brushing were done and sent for examination. Results: Male patients were more.......

Key Words: FOB- Fiberoptic Bronchoscopy, endobronchial lesions, malignancy

[1]. Rana S, Bhattacharyya BD, Katoch CD, Kishore K, Arora A. Clinical, radiological, and histopathological profile of patients with endobronchial lesions on fiber-optic bronchoscopy. The Journal of Association of Chest Physicians. 2018 Jul 1;6(2):53.
[2]. Kondala Rao Kola, Harsha Kiran Lalam , Ramprasad Reddy Nandyala , Sreeram Kumar.K. Clinical and radiological profile of patients with endobronchial lesions. IP Indian Journal of Immunology and Respiratory Medicine, April-June, 2018;3(2):72-76.
[3]. Raghu S, Rachaputi CS, Somisetty LK. Flexible fiberoptic bronchoscopy (FOB) as a diagnostic tool in endobronchial lesions. Journal of Dr. NTR University of Health Sciences. 2016 Jul 1;5(3):173.
[4]. Mak VH, Johnston ID, Hetzel MR, Grubb C. Value of washings and brushings at fibreoptic bronchoscopy in the diagnosis of lung cancer. Thorax. 1990 May 1;45(5):373-6.
[5]. Lam WK, So SY, Hsu C, Yu DY. Fibreoptic bronchoscopy in the diagnosis of bronchial cancer: comparison of washings, brushings and biopsies in central and peripheral tumours. Clinical oncology. 1983 Mar 1;9(1):35-42

Abstract: An open interproximal space between teeth known as Black Triangle is an esthetically unpleasing condition. It can also cause food impaction, phonetic problems as well as periodontitis. Current dentistry focusses on both functional and esthetic demands of patients. Therefore treatment of black triangle has increasing demand on esthetic dentistry. It is more challenging and difficult ,as it is associated with patient's smile and esthetics. Various treatment approaches for papilla reconstruction around teeth and implants are present, that involves both surgical and non -surgical approaches. This review help us to have an outlook on various treatment modalities for papilla reconstruction.

Keywords: Black triangle, Interdental papilla, Interimplant papilla, Non-surgical ,Papilla reconstruction, Surgical

[1]. Newman and caranzza's clinical periodontology 13th edition.
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[3]. Ziahosseini P, Hussain F, Millar BJ. Management of gingival black triangles. Br Dent J. 2014 Nov;217(10):559–63.
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Abstract: Background- Preterm neonates are a highly vulnerable group of patients at risk of severe bleeding complications such as intraventricular hemorrhages (IVH). Various treatments are used to try to prevent the occurrence of hemorrhages, including the administration of platelets, vitamin K and fresh frozen plasma (FFP). Methods- We conducted a retrospective analysis in the NICU of the S M S Medical College Jaipur. All neonates with a gestational age at birth between 24 weeks and 37 weeks, admitted to our NICU were included. Results- A total of 21 patients (4.20%) received one or more FFP transfusions during admission. Among these 21 patients, the median number of FFP transfusions per neonate was 1.....

Key Words: FFP, Preterm, IVH

[1]. Motta, M.; Del Vecchio, A.; Radicioni, M. Clinical use of fresh-frozen plasma and cryoprecipitate in neonatal intensive care unit. J. Matern. Fetal Neonatal Med. 2011, 24 (Suppl. 1), 129–131.
[2]. Keir, A.K.; Stanworth, S.J. Neonatal plasma transfusion: An evidence-based review. Transfus. Med. Rev. 2016, 30, 174–182.
[3]. Motta, M.; Del Vecchio, A.; Perrone, B.; Ghirardello, S.; Radicioni, M. Fresh frozen plasma use in the NICU: A prospective, observational, multicentred study. Arch. Dis. Child. Fetal Neonatal Ed. 2014, 99, F303–F308.
[4]. Stanworth, S.J.; Grant-Casey, J.; Lowe, D.; Laffan, M.; New, H.; Murphy, M.F.; Allard, S. The use of fresh-frozen plasma in England: High levels of inappropriate use in adults and children. Transfusion 2011, 51, 62–70.
[5]. NNNI Trial Group. A randomized trial comparing the effect of prophylactic intravenous fresh frozen plasma, gelatin or glucose on early mortality and morbidity in preterm babies. Eur. J. Pediatr. 1996, 155, 580–588..

Abstract: Background-The primary objective of the study was to describe patterns of platelet transfusions among critically ill children. Methods-This was cross-sectional study. A child was considered eligible if admitted to the PICU during one of the screening days and between 3 days and 16 years old. A potential subject was enrolled if he/she received a platelet transfusion prescribed by the intensive care team during one of the screening days. Results- The majority 18 patients of transfusions were prophylactic; major or minor bleeding was the indication in only 9 patients of transfusions. Of the 18 patients who received prophylactic transfusions while on mechanical circulatory devices, 14 patients were supported by ECMO, and 4 patients were supported with CRRT......

Keywords: PICU, Transfusion, Children

[1]. Leteurtre S, Duhamel A, Salleron J, et al; Groupe Francophone de Réanimation et d'Urgences Pédiatriques (GFRUP): PELOD-2: An update of the PEdiatric logistic organ dysfunction score. Crit Care Med 2013; 41:1761–1773
[2]. Stanworth SJ, Walsh TS, Prescott RJ, et al; Intensive Care Study of Coagulopathy Investigators: Thrombocytopenia and platelet transfusion in UK critical care: A multicenter observational study. Transfusion 2013; 53:1050–1058
[3]. Ning S, Barty R, Liu Y, et al: Platelet transfusion practices in the ICU: Data From a large transfusion registry. Chest 2016; 150:516–523
[4]. Du Pont-Thibodeau G, Tucci M, Robitaille N, et al: Platelet transfusions in pediatric intensive care. Pediatr Crit Care Med 2016; 17:e420–e429
[5]. Inverardi D, Bocchio C, Rossi L, et al: Clinical, immunologic, and technical factors affecting recovery of platelet count after platelet transfusion. Haematologica 2002; 87:893–894.

Abstract: Background: In the light of increasing incidence of caesarean section and the complications associated with it, our study aims to evaluate the pregnancy outcomes (in terms of maternal and foetal complications) of repeated caesarean sections and to determine the influence of number of previous caesarean deliveries and type of current caesarean sections in such complications.
Materials and Methods: 500 antenatal women attending Modern Government Maternity Hospital, Osmania Medical College, Hyderabad, India, during the period of Dec 2018 to May 2020 (18 mon), were included in the prospective observational study. Subjects were divided into single CS and multiple CS groups and also elective CS and emergency CS groups for evaluation.....

Keywords: Caesarean section, complications, foetal morbidity, elective vs emergency CS, multiple CS

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[4]. Silver RM, Landon MB, Rouse DJ, Leveno KJ, Spong CY, Thom EA, Moawad AH, Caritis SN, Harper M, Wapner RJ, Sorokin Y. Maternal morbidity associated with multiple repeat cesarean deliveries. Obstetrics & Gynecology. 2006 Jun 1;107(6):1226-1232.
[5]. Sobande A, Eskandar M. Multiple repeat caesarean sections: complications and outcomes. Journal of obstetrics and gynaecology Canada. 2006 Mar 1;28(3):193-197.

Abstract: A 20 year G2P1L1 with previous Lower segment cesarean section (LSCS) scheduled for elective LSCS had history of premature atrial complexes (PACs) with Atrial fibrillation (AF) in previous pregnancy during LSCS. She was given combined spinal epidural anesthesia and managed successfully with stable hemodynamics. Arrythmias in pregnancy are uncommon. Physiological and hormonal changes during pregnancy can precipitate arrythmia. Therefore it is necessary for the anesthesiologist to evaluate risk factors for arrythmia and plan accordingly the mode of anesthesia and anesthetic agents for surgery.

Key Words: PAC, atrial fibrillation, anesthesia

[1]. Siddik-Sayyid, Sahar M. MD, FRCA; Aouad, Marie T. MD; Jalbout, Maya I. MD; Zalaket, Mirna I. MD; Berzina, Carina E. MD; Baraka, Anis S. MD, FRCA Intrathecal Versus Intravenous Fentanyl for Supplementation of Subarachnoid Block During Cesarean Delivery, Anesthesia & Analgesia: July 2002 - Volume 95 - Issue 1 - p 209-213 doi: 10.1097/00000539-200207000-00037
[2]. Dua N, Kumra V P. Management of perioperative arrythmias. Indian J Anaesth 2007;51:310
[3]. Jones RM, Broadbent MP, Adams AP. Anaesthetic considerations in patients with paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia. A review and report of cases. Anaesthesia. 1984 Apr;39(4):307-13.
[4]. Gupta M, Subramanian S, Adlakha P. Anaesthetic management of parturient with acute atrial fibrillation for emergency caesarean section. Case Rep Anesthesiol. 2013;2013:807624.
[5]. Hwang JK, Gwag HB, Park SJ, On YK, Kim JS, Park KM. Frequent atrial premature complexes during exercise: A potent predictor of atrial fibrillation. Clin Cardiol. 2018 Apr;41(4):458-464

Abstract: Preeclampsia contributes significantly to maternal & perinatal morbidity and mortality. Objective: To study maternal & fetal outcome in preeclampsia. Method: Case records of 168 women with preeclampsia, out of which 58 had severe preeclampsia were analysed. This retrospective observational study was conducted at B.J. government medical college, Pune, during period of 1st March 2020 to 30th June 2020. Result: Incidence of PE was 6.43. Among study group 70% were primigravida & nearly 70% were >37 weeks of gestation. 15 (8.9%) patients developed.....

Keywords: Preeclampsia, HELLP Syndrome, Eclampsia, maternal morbidity

[1]. Arias, F., Bhide, A., S, A., Damania, K. and Daftary, S., 2014. Practical Guide to High Risk Pregnancy and Delivery. 3rd ed. Chennai: Elsevier Health Sciences APAC, p.397.
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[3]. Das S, Sahu M, Mohapatra S, Padmavati VM, Panigrahi PK. Pregnancy Induced Hypertension and Feto-Maternal Outcome in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Eastern India: A Prospective Study. Journal of Clinical & Diagnostic Research. 2018 Nov 1;12(11).
[4]. Pillai SS. Feto-maternal outcome in severe preeclampsia and eclampsia: a retrospective study in 1 tertiary care centre. Int J Reprod Contracept Obstet Gynecol. 2017;6:3937-41.
[5]. Sultana A, Koli LN, Sayeeda S. Clinical study on risk factors and Fetomaternal outcome of severe preeclampsia in Bangabandhu sheikh Mujib Medical University. Chattagram Maa-O-Shishu Hospital Medical College Journal. 2018 Dec 26;17(1):23-8..

Abstract: Introduction: In Bangladesh advancement of neonatal care has increased the survival of preterm very low birth weight babies; thus, the incidence of ROP has also been increased. ROP can developed without oxygen therapy and even oxygen therapy, and all premature infants do not develop ROP. objectives: The objective of the study is to find association of retinopathy of prematurity with different neonatal morbidities. Material & Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted at Special Care Baby Unit (SCABU), Department of Neonatology and Pediatrics, Department of Ophthalmology; Bangladesh Institute of Research and Rehabilitation for Diabetes......

Keywords: Neonatal, Ophthalmologist, Prevalence

[1]. Akter S, Parvin R, Yasmeen BHN, Anwar KS, Hossain MM. Association of infection, blood transfusion and other clinical factors with retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). Northern International Medical College Journal 2014;5(2):325-28.
[2]. Gagandeep V, Arun P. Incidence and risk factors for retinopathy of prematurity in a tertiary care neonatal unit. TJPRC: IJGPM 2016;1(1):45-50.
[3]. Lucey JF, Dangman B. A re-examination of oxygen in retrolental fibroplasias. Pediatrics 1984;73:82-96.
[4]. Imren A, Sibel O, Gursel Y. Risk Factors in the development of mild and severe retinopathy of prematurity. J AAPOS. 2006;10:449–53.
[5]. Babaei H, Ansari MR, Alipour AA, Ahmadipour S, Safari-Faramani R, Vakili J. Incidence and risk factors for retinopathy of prematurity in very low birth weight infants in Kermanshah, Iran.World applied sciecces journal 2012;18(5):600-04.

Abstract: Proper development of the maxillary canine teeth plays a major role in esthetics as well as in establishing proper dental arch form. Hence, they are known as the corner stone of the mouth . When canines are impacted, they can present significant functional and esthetic dilemmas to the patient and clinician. Therefore, proper management of canine disimpaction is important to achieve long-term success, functionally and esthetically. The aim of this review is to integrate the studies that include different treatment modalities in the management of palatally impacted maxillary canines..

Key words: Canine, Impaction, Alignment, Spring, Module, Magnets, Auxillary

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Abstract: Tuberculosis (TB) of the gallbladder is an uncommon disease that was first described by Gaucher in 1870.1 It is difficult to differentiate from other gallbladder diseases, such as gallbladder carcinoma and Xanthogranulomatous Cholecystitis. The absence of specific clinical signs and overlapping of symptoms with cholelithiasis make the perioperative diagnosis of TB difficult.3 A correct preoperative diagnosis of Gall Bladder Tuberculosis (GBTB)is difficult. The final diagnosis is usually made postoperatively according to histopathological report of surgical biopsy..

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[5]. Krishnamurthy G, Singh H, Rajendran J, et al. Gallbladder tuberculosis camouflaging as gallbladder cancer—Case series and review focussing on treatment. TherAdv Infect Dis.2016;3(6):152–7..