iosr-JDMS   Volume-20 ~ Issue-10 ~ Oct. 2021

Abstract: Objective(s): The aim of this study was to measure the temperature changes along the root surface during post space preparation procedure using two different post space preparation drill systems with the use of thermocouple device. Materials and methods: Twenty extracted human permanent mandibular central incisors were selected and decoronation was done to obtain a tooth length of 19mm. Cleaning and shaping was done using Dentsply Protaper Universal Treatment (Rotary file) upto F1 file. Single cone obturation done with sealapex sealer. Coronal access was restored with type IX Glass ionomer cement and teeth was incubated for 1 day and will be randomly divided into two experimental groups. FRC postec plus (Fiber Reinforced Composite) post drill was used in Group 1, and Para post.....

Key words: Endodontics; temperature increase; thermal analysis.

[1]. Amade ES, Novais VR, Roscoe MG, Azevedo FM, Bicalho AA, Soares CJ. Root dentin strain and temperature rise during endodontic treatment and post rehabilitation.Brazilian dental journal.2013;24:591-8.
[2]. Anilkumar chauhan, vimala nilker1, lalitagauri p. Mandke. Effect of temperature rise on periodontal tissue during endodontic treatment: an in vitro, indian journal of oral health research 2015;1:66-70 [3]. Gokturk H, Ozkocak I, Taskan MM, Aytac F, Karaarslan ES. In vitro evaluation of temperature rise during different post space preparations. European journal of dentistry.2015;9(04):535-41. [4]. Radeva E, Tsanova-Tosheva D, Bonchev A, Tsvetanova N, Damyanova T, Farieva A, Georgieva S, Stoyanov. Temperature changes on the external root surface during post space preparation in vitro study. Journal of IMAB.2017;23(4):1839-44. [5]. Weller RN, Kimbrough WF, Anderson RW. Root surface temperatures produced during post space preparation. Journal of endodontics.1996;22(6):304-7.

Abstract: Nail abnormalities comprise about 15% of dermatological disorders. A pink and lustrous nail is an indication of good health. The nail unit shows only limited changes to a large number of diseases affecting it. Objective: 1. To evaluate nail as a diagnostic modality in various dermatological disorders. Methods: an prospective observational study was done in all patients attending DVL OPD, karpaga vinayaga institute of medical sciences and research centre. All patients underwent thorough clinical examination, and affected nails were examined with dermatoscope.......

Key Word: Onychoscopy.Dermatoscopy

[1]. Saphier J. Dermatoscopy. I. Communication. Arch Dermatol Syph 1920;128:1-19.
[2]. Ronger S, Touzet S, Ligeron C, Balme B, Viallard AM, Barrut D, et al. Dermoscopic examination of nail pigmentation. Arch Dermatol 2002;138:1327-33
[3]. Tasli L, Oguz O. The role of various immersion liquids at digital dermoscopy in structural analysis. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol 2011;77:110.
[4]. Gewirtzman AJ, Saurat JH, Braun RP. An evaluation of dermoscopy fluids and application techniques. Br J Dermatol 2003;149:59-63.
[5]. Grover C, Jakhar D. Onychoscopy: A practical guide. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol 2017;83:536-49.

Abstract: The involvement of mouth breathing and its impact on dental, facial and structural growth alterations, especially during childhood, has been discussed in medical and dental literature. The prelevance of airway obstruction and its assumed effect on facial growth continues to be debated because it is closely related to malocclusions. The etiology of mouth breathing may be multifactorial and attributable to anatomic factors, including narrow airways, adenotonsillar hypertrophy, nasal septal deviation, nasal polyps, respiratory allergies, nasal turbinate hypertrophy and sleep position. Mouth breathing habit generally have severe effects on the vertical growth of the face and also on.......

Key Words: mouth breathing, facial growth, extra- and intraoral features

[1]. Graber TM, Vanarsdall R Jr, Vig K. Orthodontics: Current principles & Techniques. 4th ed, 2005, Elsevier Inc [2]. Proffit WR, Fields HW, Sarver DM. Contemporary Orthodontics 5th ed, 2014, Mosby
[3]. Mason RM. A retrospective and prospective view of orofacial mycology. Int J Orofac Myol, 2005, Vol.31 (1): 5-14
[4]. McNamara JA. Influence of respiratory pattern on craniofacial growth. Angle Orthod. 1981 Oct;51(4): 269-300 [5]. Wasnik M, Kulkarni S, Gahlod N. Mouth breathing habit: a review. Int J Community Med Public Health. Jan 2021, 8(1): 495-501.

Abstract: World Health Organization (WHO) endorsed the use of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PREP) to prevent acquisition of Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection among individuals at substantial risk.The few studies that have been done on PrEP among FSW in Kenya indicate low usage and knowledge of the therapy, despite transactional sex being recognized as an indication for PrEP. PrEP lowers HIV acquisition in women by 60-70% but the biggest challenge in the introduction of PrEP is its use by the marginalized populations who cannot access health care facilities due to stigma, criminalization of sex work, and harassment. This study sought to determine individual.......

Key Words: Individual Factors, Use of Prep as a HIV Prevention Measure, Female Sex Workers

[1]. Baral, S., Beyrer, C., Muessig, K., Poteat, T., Wirtz, A. (2012). Burden of HIV among female sex workers in low-income and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Infectious Diseases Journals 12. South Africa (S, 2012) (S, 2012)
[2]. Bauermeister, JA. Et al (2013) "PrEP awareness and perceived barriers among single young men who have sex with men" Current HIV Research 11(7):520-527
[3]. Celum,C., Baeten, J.(2012) Tenofovir- based Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis for HIV prevention:Evidence and evolving questions. Curr Opin Infect Dis. 2012 Feb;25(1):51-57
[4]. Gelmon L, Kenya P, Oguya F, et al. (2009). Kenya HIV prevention response and modes of transmission analysis. Nairobi: Kenya National AIDS Control Programme, UNAIDS, the World Bank (S, 2012)Global AIDS M&E Team (GAMET);
[5]. Global AIDS(2018). Pre-exposure prophylaxis for conception (PrEP-C) as a risk reduction strategy in HIV-positive men and HIV-negative women in the UK. AIDS Patient Care. 26(3):332-6.

Abstract: Pulmonary arteriovenous malformations (PAVM) are anatomical abnormalities of direct connection between pulmonary arteries and veins. Determinants like puberty, pulmonary arterial hypertension and pregnancy causes the malformation to increase in size. Right-to-left shunting manifests as pulmonary hypertension, dyspnoea and hypoxia. When pregnancy and PAVMs coexist, complications like haemothorax, rupture and hypovolemic shock are more prone to occur. Increased progesterone and estrogen levels in pregnancy results in venous distensibility which in turn increases the growth of PAVM. While the rise in blood volume and cardiac output could increase the pulmonary blood flow and could result in dilatation and rupture of the thin-walled vessels. This is the reason behind......

[1]. Esplin MS, Varner MW. Progression of pulmonary arteriovenous malformation during pregnancy: case report and review of the literature. Obstetrical & gynecological survey. 1997 Apr 1;52(4):248-53.
[2]. Di Guardo F, Lo Presti V, Costanzo G, Zambrotta E, Di Gregorio LM, Basile A, Palumbo M. Pulmonary arteriovenous malformations (PAVMs) and pregnancy: a rare case of hemothorax and review of the literature. Case reports in obstetrics and gynecology. 2019 Apr 28;2019.
[3]. Ference BA, Shannon TM, White Jr RI, Zawin M, Burdge CM. Life-threatening pulmonary hemorrhage with pulmonary arteriovenous malformations and hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia. Chest. 1994 Nov 1;106(5):1387-90.
[4]. Shovlin CL, Sodhi V, McCarthy A, Lasjaunias P, Jackson JE, Sheppard MN. Estimates of maternal risks of pregnancy for women with hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia (Osler–Weber–Rendu syndrome): suggested approach for obstetric services. BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology. 2008 Aug;115(9):1108-15.
[5]. Shovlin CL, Winstock AR, Peters AM, Jackson JE, Hughes JM. Medical complications of pregnancy in hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia. QJM: An International Journal of Medicine. 1995 Dec 1;88(12):879-87..

Abstract: Periodontal disease involves destruction of bone often resulting in the exposure of furcation areas of posterior teeth. Furcation involvement is challenging for proper oral hygiene, clinical treatment, and may lead to poor prognosis. Numerous non-surgical as well as surgical options may be employed for treating teeth with furcation involvement. Bone grafts, collagen membranes and other regenerative materials either used alone or in combination has been considered to achieve periodontal regeneration. Combination of allograft and platelet-rich fibrin has shown great potential in enhancing tissue regeneration, angiogenesis, and wound healing. This case report describes the successful management of a mandibular molar with grade II furcation using platelet-rich fibrin in combination with demineralized freeze-dried bone allograft with 18 months follow-up period.

Key Words: Furcation, Furcation involvement, Platelet-rich fibrin, Demineralized freeze-dried bone allograft, Periodontal regeneration.

[1]. Tsao Y, Neiva R, Al-Shammari K, Oh TJ, Wang HL. Factors influencing treatment outcomes in mandibular class II furcation defects. J Periodontol 2006; 77(4):641–6.
[2]. Kantarci A, Carranza FA, Hogan E. Furcation. In: Newman MG, Takei HH, Klokkevold PR, Carranza FA, editors. Newman and Carranza's Clinical Periodontology. 13th ed. Philadelphia: Elsevier; 2019. pp.3589-3620.
[3]. Glickman I. Clinical periodontology. Saunders: Philadelphia; 1953.
[4]. Verma PK, Srivastapa R, Gautam A, Chaturvedi TP. Multiple regenerative techniques for class II furcation defect. Eur J Gen Dent. 2012; 1: 90-3.
[5]. Dohan DM, Choukroun J, Diss A, Dohan SL, Dohan AJ, Mouhyi J, Gogly B. Platelet-rich fibrin (PRF): a second-generation platelet concentrate. Part I: technological concepts and evolution. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2006; 101(3):e37–44.

Abstract: A 20-year-old male presented with a hairy, irregular, macular, pigmented patch on the right shoulder since the age of 14 years, which had increased steadily in size over 6 years. He was suspected to have melanoma and referred in view of suspicion of malignancy. He was diagnosed to have a benign condition called Becker's nevus (also known as Becker's melanosis, nevoid melanosis and pigmented hairy epidermal nevus) which is a benign skin disorder seen unilaterally over the shoulder and commonly occurring in males1.It usually shows up at puberty and has a prevalence of 0.52% (in young French males). It occurs as a result of overgrowth of the epidermis, melanocytes and hair follicles. It was coined after American dermatologist, Samuel William Becker who first documented it in 1948.It can be confused with malignant melanoma however the treatment in this case is essentially cosmetic as it is benign in nature.

[1]. Copeman PWM, Wilson-Jones EWJ. Pigmented hairy epidermal nevus (Becker) Arch Dermatol. 1965;92:249–51

Abstract: Background: Scrub typhus, a bacterial disease caused by Orientia tsutsugamushi, that cause systemic vasculitis thus leads to multiorgan dysfunction syndrome (MODS) and significant mortality. This study was conducted to assess the clinical and laboratory profile and complications in typhus patients. Methods: We conducted this observational study on 16 scrub typhus positive patients who presented to the Department of Medicine at N.S.C.B Medical college, Jabalpur between n August, 2019 and October, 2019. Results: Females: males ratio-- 4.3:1(81.2% vs. 18.75%). Mean age of patients was 34.1±13 years; mean duration of illness before admission was.....

[1]. Yi KS, Chong Y, Covington SC, Donahue BJ, Rothen RL, Rodriguez J, Arthur JD: Scrub typhus in Korea: importance of early clinical diagnosis in this newly recognized endemic area. Mil Med 1993, 158:269-73.
[2]. Ogawa M, Hagiwara T, Kishimoto T, Shiga S, Yoshida Y, Furuya Y, Kaiho I, Ito T, Nemoto H, Yamamoto N, Masukawa K: Scrub typhus in Japan: epidemiology and clinical features of cases reported in 1998. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2002, 67:162-5.
[3]. Kim SJ, IK, Chung IS, Chung DH, Song SH, Park HS, Kim MH: The clinical significance of upper gastrointestinal endoscopy in gastrointestinal vasculitis related to scrub typhus. Endoscopy 2000, 32:950-5.
[4]. Thap LC, Supanaranond W, Treeprasertsuk S, Kitvatanachai S, Chinprasatsak S, Phonrat B: Septic shock secondary to scrub typhus: characteristics and complications. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 2002, 33:780-6.
[5]. Yen TH, Chang CT, Lin JL, Jiang JR, Lee KF: Scrub typhus: a frequently overlooked cause of acute renal failure. Ren Fail 2003, 25:397-410.

Abstract: Elevated serum GGT levels have been proposed as an independent predictor for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impacts of serum GGT level and other risk factors on stroke and its clinical relevance.
Total of 100 patients with stroke and 75 control were included in the study. The patients were divided into ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke according to finding from NCCT brain and/or diffusion MRI, and evaluated for serum GGT levels and presence of diabetes mellitus (DM), hypertension (HT),dyslipidemia (DL),smoking and alcohol consumption......

[1]. Nurbanu Gurbuzer, Eren Gozke, and Zeliha Ayhan Basturk, Gamma-Glutamyl Transferase Levels in Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke, Cardiovasc Psychiatry Neurol. 2014; 2014: 170626. Published online 2014 Aug 18.
[2]. Kim DJ, Noh JJ, Cho NH, et al. Serum γ-glutamyl transferase within its normal concentration range is related to the presence of diabetes and cardiovascular risk factors. Diabetic Medicine. 2005;22(9):1134–1140.
[3]. Shimizu Y, Imano H, Ohira T, et al. γ-glutamyl transpeptidase and incident stroke among japanese men and women: the circulatory risk in communities study (CIRCS) Stroke. 2010;41(2):385–388.
[4]. Lee D, Blomhoff R, Jacobs DR, Jr. Is serum gamma glutamyl transferase a marker of oxidative stress? Free Radical Research. 2004;38(6):535–539.
[5]. Paolicchi A, Minotti G, Tonarelli P, et al. γ-Glutamyl transpeptidase-dependent iron reduction and LDL oxidation: a potential mechanism in atherosclerosis. Journal of Investigative Medicine. 1999;47(3):151–160

Abstract: Thyroidectomy is one of the most common surgeries performed. Like with any surgical procedure, surgical resection of the thyroid has complications - They maybe early or late post-operative complications. From October 2020 to September 2021, we collected data to understand the incidence of early complications following thyroidectomy in a tertiary care Government Hospital in Tamil Nadu, South India. A total of 100 patients were selected for the study using consecutive sampling. Informed consent was obtained. All data was collected and entered in Microsoft Excel. The data was analysed using IBM SPSS v23. Frequencies and percentage analysis was done.....

Keywords: Total thyroidectomy, Hypocalcaemia, Cross-sectional study, Post-operative complications, South India.

[1]. Sabiston Textbook of Surgery - The Biological Basis of Modern Surgical Practice 21st Edition
[2]. Bailey & Love's Short Practice Of Surgery, 27th Edition: International Student's Edition
[3]. Reeve T, Thompson NW. Complications of thyroid surgery: How to avoid them, how to manage them, and observations on their possible effect on the whole patient. World J Surg 2000;24:971-5.
[4]. Rosato L, Avenia N, Bernante P, De Palma M, Gulino G, Nasi PG, et al. Complications of thyroid surgery: Analysis of a multicentric study on 14,934 patients operated on in Italy over 5 years. World J Surg 2004;28:271-6.
[5]. Christou N, Mathonnet M. Complications after total thyroidectomy. J Visc Surg 2013;150:249-56.

Abstract: Objectives: To find the extent of ocular morbidity in over the age of 20 years of the rural population and to study the factors associated with ocular morbidity and has been a considerable reduction in the infective causes of ocular morbidity. Materials and methods: A retrospective study was conducted at the department of ophthalmology, Rama medical college hospital and research centre Kanpur Uttar Pradesh during the period of 8 months from August 2019 to March 2020 Results: Total 12186 patients were......

Keywords: Ocular morbidity, Cataract, Glaucoma, Ophthalmology

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