iosr-JDMS   Volume-20 ~ Issue-11 ~ November 2021

Abstract: Background-Oral lichen planus is a chronic autoimmune disease of oral cavity.Oral LP has a prevalence rate of 0.5%-2.2% in the general population.Andreasen classified oral LP into six types;reticular, papular, plaque-like,erosive,atrophic and bullous.The lesions are found(in diminishing frequency)on buccal mucosa(often bilaterally symmetrical),lateral margins of the tongue,gingiva, lips, and hard palate.Lesions of oral LP are usually painless,though intense pain and burning sensation are associated with erosive and atrophic types..........

[1]. William D James,Timothy G Berger,Drik M Elston.Andrews disease of the skin,twelfth edition.p 209-214.
[2]. S.Sacchidanand,Chetan Oberai,Arun C Inamadar.IADVL vol 1,p 1099.
[3]. Pittelkow MR,Daoud MS. Lichen planus.
[4]. Levy A,Stempler U,Yuzuk S et al,lichen planus.
[5]. Md Abdul Wahab,Ishrat Bhuiya et all,griseofulvin and HCQS in treatment of lichen planus'
[6]. Ashwini Gajbhiye,response to topical steroid and tacrolimus in oral lp

Abstract: Excessive maxillary development in vertical plane is commonly known as vertical maxillary excess (VME). It may involve the posterior maxilla only, anterior dentoalveolar segment only or the entire maxilla. Gummy smile associated with vertical maxillary excess (VME) affect normal aesthetic form as well as function. Well planned approach to the combined orthodontic-surgical treatment is of paramount importance for achieving optimum result.

Keywords: Vertical maxillary excess (VME), gummy smile, anterior maxillary segmental osteotomy, Temporary anchorage device (TAD)

[1]. Gill Daljit S., Naini Farhad B., editors. Wiley; 2016. Orthognathic Surgery Principles, Planning and Practice
[2]. Yadav SK, Sehgal V, Mittal S. Surgical-Orthodontic Treatment of Gummy Smile with Vertical Maxillary Excess. J Ind Orthod Soc2014;48(1):62-68.
[3]. Bruce N. Epker, A modified anterior maxillary osteotomy. J. max.fac.surg. 5(1977) 36-38
[4]. William H. Bell. Correction of maxillary excess by anterior maxillary osteotomy. Oral surg. Oral med. Oral path. Vol 43. No 3. 1977
[5]. Fish LC, Wolford LM, Epker BN. Surgical-orthodonticcorrection of vertical maxillary excess. Am J Ortho 1978; 73:241

Abstract: Urothelial carcinoma is a one of the major healthproblems throughout the world. It is a recurrent neoplasm with a significant number of cases in which neoplasm progress to invasive aggressive carcinoma. There is an overlap in the extent of the tumor and the accurate microscopic diagnosis of tumor is not always easy. The aim of this study is to evaluate p53 &ck20 immunohistochemical markers expression in non-neoplastic & neoplastic lesions of urinary bladder & its Correlation with morphological findings. The immunohistochemicalexpression of p53 &ck20 should be assessed in all the cases of urothelial carcinoma as there markers allow the identification of tumor with higher rate & cell growth. They also permit develop of prognostic factors as their expression increase with higher grade & these patient can be benefited with the appropriate targeted treatment leading to increase survival rate.

[1]. Bertz S, Otto W, Denzinger S, Wieland WF, Burger M, Stöhr R, et al. Combination of CK20 and Ki-67 immunostaining analysis predicts recurrence, progression, and cancer-specific survival in pT1 urothelial bladder cancer. Europ Urol. 2014;65(1):218-26. [DOI:10.1016/j.eururo.2012.05.033] [PMID]PMI
[2]. KolahdoozanSh, Sadjadi A, Radmard AR, Khademi H. Five Common Cancers in Iran. Arch Iran Med. 2010;13(2):143-6. L
[3]. Hodges KB, Lopez-Beltran A, Davidson DD, Montironi R, Cheng L. Urothelial dysplasia and other flat lesions of the urinary bladder: clinicopathologic and molecular features. Human Pathol. European urology. 2017;71(1):96-108. [DOI:10.1016/j.eururo.2016.06.010] [PMID]
[4]. Ohsawa I, Nishimura T, Kondo Y, Kimura G, Satoh M, Matsuzawa I, et al. Detection of urine survivin in 40 patients with bladder cancer. J Nippon Med Sch. 2004;71(6):379-83. [DOI:10.1272/jnms.71.379] [PMID]
[5]. Bray F, Ferlay J, Soerjomataram I, Siegel RL, Torre LA, Jemal A. Global cancer statistics 2018: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries. CA Cancer J Clin. 2018;68(6):394-424. [DOI:10.3322/caac.21492] [PMID]

Abstract: Background: Stroke is the second cause of death and third cause of disability in worldwide. Control of risk factors is the best option for prevention of stroke and decreasing the stroke related disability. So, knowledge regarding the risk factors is very important for treating and preventing hemorrhagic stroke. Aim of the study: The aim of this current study was to evaluate the risk factors for hemorrhagic stroke. Materials and Methods: This study was a case control study carried out at Neurology and Medicine ward Mymensingh Medical College Hospital (MMCH) from July 2017 to December 2018 to see the association of low serum cholesterol with hemorrhagic stroke. A total number of 120 subjects of more than 18 years were considered for the study as the study subjects.........

Key Words: Hemorrhagic stroke, Risk factors, DM, HTN.

[1]. O'donnell, M. J., Xavier, D., Liu, L., Zhang, H., Chin, S. L., Rao-Melacini, P., ... & Yusuf, S. (2010). Risk factors for ischaemic and intracerebral haemorrhagic stroke in 22 countries (the INTERSTROKE study): a case-control study. The Lancet, 376(9735), 112-123.
[2]. Khealani, B. A., & Wasay, M. (2008). The burden of stroke in Pakistan. International Journal of Stroke, 3(4), 293-296.
[3]. Hu HH, Sheng WY, Chu FL, Lan CF, Chiang BN. Incidence of stroke in Taiwan. Stroke. 1992;23(9):1237-41.
[4]. Mohammad, Q. D., Habib, M., Hoque, A., Alam, B., Haque, B., Hossain, S., ... & Khan, S. U. (2011). Prevalence of stroke above forty years. Mymensingh medical journal: MMJ, 20(4), 640-644.
[5]. Kibria, M. A., Hassanuzzaman, M., Kayasthagir, P. K., Karim, M. R., Rahman, A., Obaida, A. S. M. A., ... & Faruk, M. G. (2018). Is low total cholesterol associated with primary intracerebral hemorrhage in Bangladeshi population?. Bangladesh Critical Care Journal, 6(1), 26-30.

Abstract: Aim: This study was conducted to compare the effect of different denture framework materials (Cobalt Chromium (Co-Cr) & acetal on bone resorption, gingival index, pocket depth and patien satisfaction in Kennedy's class I removable partial dentures. Subjects and methods: Fourten partially edentulous patients with mandibular Class- I were selected. The patients were classified randomly into two group (seven patients in each group). Group 1: Patient received Class- I cobalt chromuim RPD. Group 2: Patient received Class- I acetal (flexible )RPD. Evaluation of bone resorption, gingival index, pocket depth and patient satisfaction was carried out radiographically and clinically at the time of insertion, six and twelve months later for each patient........

[1]. Xie Q, Ding T, Yang G. Rehabilitation of oral function with removable dentures–still an option. Journal of oral rehabilitation. 2015;42:234-42.
[2]. MuChieh F, Yen-Wen S, LihJyh F: Clinical application of implant-supported bilateral distal extension removable partial denture – case report. J Dent Sci, 2007; 1: 52-56.
[3]. Mousa M, Patil S, Lynch E. Masticatory efficiency and muscular activity in removable partial dental prostheses with different cusp angles. The Journal of prosthetic dentistry. 2017;117:55-60.
[4]. Misch CE: Dental Implant Prosthetics, 1st ed. St. Louis: Elsevier Mosby. 2005: 368-453.
[5]. Citation:Bulut AC, Türkoğlu O and Atsü S. Why Metal Free? Non-Allergy, Aesthetic Removable Partial Denture Austin J Dent. 2018; 5: 110 -16.

Abstract: The world right now is in the grip of a highly contagious mystery virus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARSCoV2), that has led to Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID19). According to the WHO, globally 236,599,025 cases of the disease and 4,831,486 deaths have been confirmed as of October 10, 2021 (WHO, 2021) and this number is still increasing rapidly. SARS-CoV-2, the virus responsible for COVID-19, has spread in around all regions of the world. The soldiers in this war, standing on the frontline, are the healthcare workers (HCW), who form the backbone of any healthcare system. The existing studies till now on COVID-19 are focused on the epidemiology, its pathology, diagnosis, and clinical aspects of patients with active infections, and little attention is being directed to post-recovery patient and its re-infection. This study aims at estimating the prevalence of COVID-19 re-infections and to study determinants of COVID-19 re-infections..........

Keywords: COVID-19, re-infection, health care workers

[1]. J Laith, Raddad A , Chemaitelly H, Malek J A, Ayeda A,Ahmed,Yasmin A, Mohamoud, et al. (2020). Assessment of the Risk of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Reinfection in an Intense Reexposure Setting. Clinical Infectious Diseases, 2020: 974.
[2]. Costa A, Neto H de C A, Nunes A P L, de Castro, R. D, & de Almeida, R N Covid-19: Is reinfection possible? EXCLI Journal, (2021).20, 522–536.
[3]. Jaiswal R. Impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic on resident doctors in India. Cancer Research, Statistics, and Treatment, (2020) 3(5), 87.
[4]. Breazzano M P, Shen J, Abdelhakim A. H, Glass L R D, Horowitz J D, et al New York City COVID-19 resident physician exposure during the exponential phase of a pandemic. Journal of Clinical Investigation. (2020),130(9), 4726–4733.
[5]. Sanyaolu A, Okorie C, Marinkovic A, Prakash S.Coronavirus Disease-19 and Reinfections: A Review of Cases, (2020).3(1), 1–5.

Abstract: INTRODUCTION: PROM is an important risk factor for early onset neonatal sepsis (EONS). It is associated with increased neonatal morbidity and mortality. It also results in long term complications and sequelae in survived neonates. So the evaluation of neonatal sepsis is important so as to institute early treatment and prevent complications. OBJECTIVES: To determine incidence of early onset neonatal sepsis in mothers with PROM >18 hours. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The present prospective observational study was conducted from January 2020 to December 2020 in Government Victoria Hospital, Visakhapatnam.. The study was conducted in neonates born to 200 pregnant women with history of PROM>18 hrs. A detailed history regarding age, parity ,obstetric history of the mother with emphasis on exact time of rupture of membranes, duration, antibiotics before labor were evaluated......

KEYWORDS: Neonatal sepsis, Prolonged rupture of membranes (PROM), Early Onset Neonatal Sepsis(EONS), Neonatal Mortality

[1]. Ramesh TV, Panigrahi B, Pranaya P, Bindu PH. Outcome of neonates born to mothers with premature rupture of membranes. International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics. 2018 Jul;5(4):1190-4.
[2]. Shakya A, Gupta SK. Neonatal outcome of maternal premature rupture of membranes more than 18 hours. Journal of Kathmandu Medical College. 2020 Jun 30;9(2):81-6.
[3]. Al-Lawama M, AlZaatreh A, Elrajabi R, Abdelhamid S, Badran E. Prolonged rupture of membranes, neonatal outcomes and management guidelines. Journal of clinical medicine research. 2019 May;11(5):360.
[4]. Rathore H, Rahman AJ, Salman M, Nasir M, Sherali S. Frequency of Early-onset Neonatal Sepsis Following Prolonged Rupture of Membranes. Cureus. 2020 Feb;12(2).
[5]. Alam MM, Saleem AF, Shaikh AS, Munir O, Qadir M. Neonatal sepsis following prolonged rupture of membranes in a tertiary care hospital in Karachi, Pakistan. The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries. 2014 Jan 15;8(01):067-73

Abstract: INTRODUCTION: Hypernatremic dehydration and hypernatremia occurs in exclusively breastfed neonates in the first few days of life. Early detection and prompt treatment of this condition are necessary to prevent morbidity and mortality. Poor drainage of milk from breast results in breast milk hypernatremia which exaggerates neonatal hypernatremia. Hot environment further worsens dehydration because of increased loss of water from skin and lungs. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study is to evaluate the clinical features, causative factors, complication and outcome of hypernatremia in exclusively breastfed term neonates........

Keywords: HYPERNATREMIA, FULLTERM, DEHYDRATION, BREASTFED , WEIGHT LOSS, NEONATE

[1]. Kaplan JA, Siegler RW, Schmunk GA. Fatal hypernatremic dehydration in exclusively breast-fed newborn infants due to maternal lactation failure. Am J Forensic Med Pathol 1998;19:19-22.
[2]. Pandya N, Mehta KG. Clinical profile of neonates admitted with hypernatremia in NICU at tertiary hospital in Vadodara, Gujarat, India. Int J Contemp Pediatr 2019;6:436-9.
[3]. Shah RH, Javadekar BB. Clinical profile and outcome of neonates admitted during summer months with dehydration and hypernatremia in tertiary care hospital of central Gujarat, India. Int J Contemp Pediatr 2018;5:761-3.
[4]. Mujawar NS, Jaiswal AN. Hypernatremia in the neonate: Neonatal hypernatremia and hypernatremic dehydration in neonates receiving exclusive breastfeeding. Indian J Crit Care Med 2017;21:30-3.
[5]. Clarke TA, Markarian M, Griswold W, Mendoza S. Hypernatremic dehydration resulting from inadequate breast-feeding. Pediatrics 1979;63:931-2..

Abstract: Mercury toxicity is seen mostly due to continuous exposure in hat, mirror occupational workers, unwarranted therapeutical use of mercury, continuous topical application. .Hydrargyrism and its chronic effects are well documented and published in various occasions. Self injection of elemental mercury as method of suicide is rare but well documented. There has been increase in incidence of these cases mainly by those in suicidal depression, seeking to improve sexual or athletic performances or due to misguidance of media.

[1]. National Crime Records bureau, India 2020
[2]. A rare case of self injection of mercury Singankutti Mudalige, Thanuja Nilushi et all
[3]. Subcutaneous Mercury Injection by a Child: A Histopathology Case Report by Deepti Sukheeja, Pankaj Kumar1,
[4]. Maneesh Singhal1, Arulselvi Subramanian
[5]. Suicide prevention (SUPRE) World Health Organization (2012).References
[6]. Suicides in India (2012) Archived 2014-05-13 at the Wayback Machine. Th e Registrar General of India, Government of India.

Abstract: Introduction: A wide variety of superficial soft-tissue masses may be seen in clinical practice, but a systematic approach can help achieve a definitive diagnosis or limit a differential diagnosis. Histopathological examination is a gold standard method in this diagnosis. The aim & objectives were to study the histopathological spectrum of various soft tissue tumours (STTs), to know the proportion of benign, and malignant soft tissue tumours and to know the age, gender and site distribution of these tumours. Materials and Methods: : At Nalanda Medical College, Patna, total of 78 excisional biopsy specimen which were clinicoradiologically diagnosed as soft tissue tumors were taken for study over a period of one year from January 2018 to December......

[1]. Agravat AH, Dhruva GA, Parmar SA. Histopathology study of Soft Tissue Tumours and Tumour like Lesions. J Cell Tissue Res 2010;10:2287-92
[2]. Narayanan NO, Sapna M, Sumangala B. Spectrum of soft tissue tumors in a tertiary care centre - A 5 year study. Natl J Med Dent Res. 2016;4(2):83–88.
[3]. Weiss SW, Goldblum JR. General Considerations. In: Enzinger FM, Weiss SW, editors. Enzinger & Weiss's Soft Tissue Tumours. Mosby ; 2001,. p. 2011–2019.
[4]. GRamnani B, Kumar A, Chandak S, Ranjan A, Patel MK. Clinicopathological Profile of Benign Soft Tissue Tumours: A Study in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Western India. J Clin Diagn Res. 2014;8(10):1–4.
[5]. Shukla NK, Deo SVS. Soft Tissue Sarcoma-Review of Experience at a Tertiary Care Cancer Centre. Indian J Surg Oncol. 2011;2(4):309– 312..

Abstract: Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) episode, first revealed in Wuhan, China, has quickly spread throughout the planet just inside a month, causing a worldwide general wellbeing crisis.Predicting the outcomes of COVID-19 cases using different clinical, laboratory, and imaging parameters is one of the most exciting fields of research in this regard. In diagnosis, high resolution computed tomography (HRCT) thorax manifestations can supplement the limitations of real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay. The development of Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in severe covid-19 patients has been associated with higher mortality.......

Keywords: COVID-19, CT severity score, ABG analysis, Survivor, Non-survivor

[1]. Lu R, Qin J, Wu Y, Wang J, Huang S, Tian L, et al. Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of COVID-19 patients in Nantong, China. J Infect Dev Ctries. 2020;14(5).
[2]. Coen M, Allali G, Adler D, Serratrice J. Hypoxemia in COVID-19; Comment on: "The neuroinvasive potential of SARS-CoV2 may play a role in the respiratory failure of COVID-19 patients." J Med Virol. 2020;92(10):1705–6.
[3]. Vafadar E, Teimouri A, Rezaee R, Morovatdar N, Foroughian M. Since January 2020, Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource center with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID- 19. The COVID-19 resource center is hosted on Elsevier Connect, the company's s public news and information . 2020;(January).
[4]. Yin Y, Wunderink RG. MERS, SARS and other coronaviruses as causes of pneumonia. Respirology. 2018;23(2):130–7.
[5]. Xu XW, Wu XX, Jiang XG, Xu KJ, Ying LJ, Ma CL, et al. Clinical findings in a group of patients infected with the 2019 novel coronavirus (SARS-Cov-2) outside of Wuhan, China: Retrospective case series. BMJ. 2020;368(January):1–7.

Abstract: Objectives: The goal of the study is to use two-dimensional echocardiography to investigate the effects of diabetes on echocardiographic parameters and to connect the results with the patients' age, BMI, and gender. Materials and Methods: This hospital-based study took place in Elshaab University Hospital in Khartoum, Sudan, from August 2016 to August 2019.In both genders, 50 diabetic patients and 48 control persons were included in the study. Patients who were pregnant, had genetic problems, had heart defects, or had any abnormalities other than diabetes were eliminated. Age, gender, height, weight, blood sugar, disease duration, and clinical history were all noted. Left ventricular dimensions (LVS,LVIDd,s,LVPWDd,s), left ventricular volumes (LVEDV&LVESV), LVEF,LVFS,LVM, and aortic root and left atrial diameters in systole and diastole are all echocardiographic.......

Keywords: 2D Echocardiography; Normal subjects, diabetes

[1]. Rutter MK, Parise H, Benjamin EJ, Levy D, Larson MG, Meigs JB, Nesto RW, Wilson PW, Vasan RS: Impact of glucose intolerance and insulin resistance on cardiac structure and function: sex-related differences in the Framingham Heart Study. Circulation 2003;107:448–454
[2]. Schillaci G, Pasqualini L, Vaudo G, Lupattelli G, Pirro M, Gemelli F, De Sio M, Porcellati C, Mannarino E: Effect of body weight changes on 24-hour blood pressure and left ventricular mass in hypertension: a 4-year follow-up. Am J Hypertens 2003;16:634–639
[3]. Iarussi D et al. Association of left ventricular hypertrophy and aortic dilation in patients with acute thoracic aortic dissection. Angiology. 2001;52(7):447-455
[4]. Kahan, Thomas, and Lennart Bergfeldt. "Left ventricular hypertrophy in hypertension: its arrhythmogenic potential." Heart 91.2 (2005): 250-256
[5]. P. Gaudron, C. Eilles, I. Kugler, and G. Ertl, "Progressive left ventricular dysfunction and remodeling after myocardial infarction. Potential mechanisms and early predictors," Circulation, vol. 87, no. 3, pp. 755–763, 1993.View at: Publisher Site | Google Scholar