iosr-JDMS   Volume-21 ~ Issue-8 ~ Aug. 2022

Abstract: Primary ciliary dyskinesia is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterised by impaired ciliary function leading to chronic sinopulmonary disease, persistent middle ear infection, situs inversus and infertility.

[1]. Lucas JS, Leigh MW. Diagnosis of primary ciliary dyskinesia: searching for a gold standard. Eur Respir J 2014; 44: 1418–1422.
[2]. Boon M, Smits A, Cuppens H, et al. Primary ciliary dyskinesia: critical evaluation of clinical symptoms and diagnosis in patients with normal and abnormal ultrastructure. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2014; 9: 11.
[3]. Werner C, Lablans M, Ataian M, et al. An international registry for primary ciliary dyskinesia. Eur Respir J 2016; 47: 849–859
[4]. Afzelius BA. A human syndrome caused by immotile cilia. Science 1976; 193: 317–319

Abstract: Background:Spinal anesthesia is a simple, reliable, and most common anesthetic technique practiced worldwide. Hemodynamic instability is most common intraoperative complication after spinal anesthesia during cesarean delivery. Spinal anesthesia causes bradycardia and hypotension via activation of Bezold-Jarisch reflex. Ondansetron is specific 5- HT3 receptor antagonist that alleviates the Bezold-Jarisch reflex lead to decrease hypotension and bradycardia.Despite the popularity and ease of its use, this procedure is frequently associated with hemodynamic instability......

Keywords: Ondensetron, Hypotensiòn, Spinal Anesthesia, Bupivacaine

[1]. Kinsella SM, Tuckey JP. Perioperative bradycardia and asystole: relationship to vasovagal syncope and the Bezold-Jarisch reflex. Br J Anaesth. 2001;86(6):859–68.
[2]. Campagna JA, Carter C. Clinical relevance of the Bezold-Jarisch reflex. Anesthesiology. 2003;98(5):1250–60.
[3]. Bhardwaj, N., Jain, K., Arora, S., & Bharti, N. (2013). A comparison of three vasopressors for tight control of maternal blood pressure during cesarean section under spinal anesthesia: effect on maternal and fetal outcome. Journal of anaesthesiology, clinical pharmacology, 29(1), 26.
[4]. Romdhani, C., Trabelsi, W., Lebbi, A., Naas, I., Elaskri, H., Gharsallah, H., ...&Ferjani, M. (2014). Lower incidence of hypotension following spinal anesthesia with 6% hydroxyethyl starch preload compared to 9‰ saline solution in caesarean delivery. Tunis Med, 92(6), 406-410.
[5]. Ayorinde, B. T., Buczkowski, P., Brown, J., Shah, J., & Buggy, D. J. (2001). Evaluation of pre‐ emptive intramuscular phenylephrine and ephedrine for reduction of spinal anaesthesia‐ induced hypotension during Caesarean section. British journal of anaesthesia, 86(3), 372- 376

Abstract: Labiomental hypoesthesia is a common complication in oral surgery that is secondary to direct or compression trauma to the inferior alveolar and mental nerves.

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Abstract: Introduction and background: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a widely prevalent condition in developing countries like India. Urinary tract infections have a global annual incidence of 150 million cases. Around 40% of women and 12% of men experience at least one symptomatic UTI episode in their lifetime, and at least 40% of affected women have recurrent UTI.The overall prevalence of UTI in India was found to be 34.91%1. UTI prevalence in pregnant women ranges from 3- 24% in India2. These occur primarily due to anatomical and physiological changes in the genitourinary tract in pregnancy. The prevalence of asymptomatic bacteriuria has been estimated to range from 2% to 10%3 in various studies globally.......

Key words: Pregnant women, Bacteriuria, maternal outcome, fetal outcome.

[1]. Vr C, Athinarayanan, Mariselvam, Dhasarathan, Raja S. Epidemiology of urinary tract infection in south India. Biomed Res ClinPract [Internet]. 2019 [cited 2021 Dec23];4(3).
[2]. Jayalakshmi J, Jayaram VS. Evaluation of various screening tests to detect asymptomatic bacteriuria in pregnant women. Indian J PatholMicrobiol2008;51:379-81.
[3]. Dwyer PL, O'Reilly M. Recurrent urinary tract infection in thefemale.
[4]. CurrOpinObstetGynecol2002;14:537-43.
[5]. Schnarr J, Smaill F. Asymptomatic bacteriuria and symptomatic urinary tract infections in pregnancy. Eur J Clin Invest. 2008 Oct;38Suppl2:50-7..

Abstract: Introduction:. Nowadays; fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is gaining increasing popularity in the diagnosis of bony lesions (1). In the majority of patients, the combined evaluation of clinical and radiologic data together with the FNAC result has been sufficient for making treatment decisions. Only in a minority of patients, it has been necessary to perform biopsy before definitive treatment (2, 3). Many specific bone tumors either benign or malignant can be diagnosed correctly by FNAC alone (4). Aim : To establish the correlation between histopathological findings with FNAC of Bone tumors and bone tumor like lesions.....

Keywords: FNAC, histopathology, Bone tumors and bone tumor like lesions

[1]. Kreicbergs A, Bauer H, Brosjo O, Lindholm J, Skoog L,Soderlund V. Cytological diagnosis of bone tumors. J Bone Joint Surg 1996;78-B(2):258–63.
[2]. Domanski H, Ma˚ ns A , Birgitta C, et al. Core-needle biopsy performed by the cytopathologist: a technique to complement fine-needle aspiration of soft tissue and bone lesions. CancerCytopathol 2005;105:229–39.
[3]. Rougraff B, Albert A, Biermann J, Healey J. Biopsy of soft tissue masses evidence-based medicine for the musculoskeletal tumor society. Clin Orthop Relat Res 2009;467:2783–91.
[4]. Sa´ pi Z, Antal I, Pa´ pai Z, et al. Diagnosis of soft tissue tumors by fine-needle aspiration with combination Cytopathology and ancillary techniques. Diagn Cytopathol 2002;26: 232–42. Mostassim A, Ulhaque A; Spectrum of bone lesions diagnosed on Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology, International Journal of pathology;(cited in Dec, 2017); 2005;3(2):57-64.
[5]. Mostassim A, Ulhaque A; Spectrum of bone lesions diagnosed on Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology, International Journal of pathology;(cited in Dec, 2017); 2005;3(2):57-64.

Abstract: Introduction: For many years colonoscopy has been a standard and safe procedure. However, complications occur, and splenic injury is one of the rarest and most serious complications following a colonoscopy. Case presentation: We present a case of a 54-year-old woman who had a splenic injury after undergoing a colonoscopy. She was taken to the operating room because she was hemodynamically unstable. It was decided to have a splenectomy. Discussion: Observation (27,3%), selective arterial splenic embolization (4,5%), and splenectomy are the three treatment options for splenic injury (56.1 percent ). The decision is based on the patient's medical history and current hemodynamic condition.

Keywords: Splenic injury, colonoscopy, splenectomy

[1]. Nallayici EG, de Groot R, van Zanten RAA, Lutke Holzik MF. Shock due to Splenic Injury after Colonoscopy. Case Reports in Gastroenterology. 2017;11(1):127-133. doi:10.1159/000455940
[2]. Petersen CR, Adamsen S, Gocht-Jensen P, Arnesen RB, Hart-Hansen O. Splenic injury after colonoscopy. Endoscopy. 2008;40(1):76-79. doi:10.1055/s-2007-966940
[3]. Piccolo G, di Vita M, Cavallaro A, et al. Presentation and Management of Splenic Injury After Colonoscopy: A Systematic Review.; 2014. www.surgical-laparoscopy.com
[4]. Enofe I, Burch J, Yam J, Rai M. Iatrogenic Severe Splenic Injury after Colonoscopy. Case Reports in Gastrointestinal Medicine. 2020;2020:1-4. doi:10.1155/2020/8824720.

Abstract: Background: The involvement of the eye as the first systematic occurrence of primary testicular cancer is rare. Ocular symptoms can hide a malignancy in testis, especially in young patients. Methods: PubMed, Embase, and Scopus were searched from January 1, 1970, until July 31, 2020, to identify articles about ocular disorders as the first manifestation of testicular cancer. There were only five studies that described cases with visual symptoms. Conclusion: It is essential, regardless of the rarity of the case, that any physician must examine the testicles in young men with vision disorders.

Keywords: Testicular cancer; germ cell tumor; seminoma; non-seminoma; ocular metastasis; choroid metastasis.

[1]. Ferry A.P., Font R.L. Carcinoma metastatic to the eye and orbit: a clinicopathologic study of 227 cases. Arch Ophthalmol. 1974;92:276–286
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[3]. Bojanić N, Nale D, Mićić S, Janicić A, Vuksanović A, Vuković I. Isolated eyeball metastasis of non-seminomatous germ cell testicular tumor. Vojnosanit Pregl. 2011;68(11):985‐987.
[4]. Chruscicki D, Sutton S, Sutton L, Spontaneous Intraocular Hemorrhage in Metastatic Testicular Cancer Retinal Physician, Volume: 9, Issue: April 2012, page(s): 52 53
[5]. Shields CL, Shields JA, Gross NE, Schwartz GP, Lally SE. Survey of 520 eyes with uveal metastases. Ophthalmology. 1997;104(8):1265-1276. doi:10.1016/s0161-6420(97)30148-1

Abstract: Background:Postoperative complications, hospital stay, and mortalityobserved in all the patients with ileal perforation and comparing surgical procedures in between 1. Primary closure of ileal perforation 2.Primary closure with protective ileostomy 3. Reception and anastomosis of ileal perforation site. Materials and Methods: It is a prospective study of 50 patients admitted to Government General Hospital, Guntur with ileal perforation from January 2019 to December 2020.Group A: patients with ileostomy and Group B: primary repair, which includes primary closure and resection and anastomosis. Results: Of all the postoperative complications, faecal fistula is the most serious complication. In the present study, about 10 cases in......

Keywords: ileal perforation, Typhoid fever, primary surgery without ileostomy and primary surgery with a protective ileostomy.

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Abstract: Background: Glaucoma is one of the leading causes of worldwide preventable blindness and it represents a significant economic burden, both in terms of treatment costs and the impact on an individual's ability to lead normal life. Laser peripheral iridotomy is one of the popular first line treatment in primary angle closure disease. Limited information is available regarding the intra ocular pressure changes and complications of laser peripheral iridotomy in primary angle closure disease among people of Tripura. The purpose of study was to study the changes in intraocular pressure in primary angle closure disease after laser peripheral iridotomy and to study the complications after neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum-garnet (Nd: YAG) laser peripheral iridotomy in primary angle closure glaucoma.......

[1]. Sihota R, Tandon R. Parson"s diseases of the eye .21 st edition. Elsevier; 2011:280.
[2]. Khandelwal R, Raje D, Rathi A,Khandelwal R. EVALUATION OF NARROW ANGLE GLAUCOMA CASES ATTENDING A TERTIARY CARE CENTER OF CENTRAL INDIA. Journal ofEvidence Based Medicine and Healthcare.2015;2(43):7724-31.
[3]. Tham Y-C, Li X, Wong TY, Quigley HA, Aung T, Cheng C-Y. Global prevalence of glaucoma and projections of glaucoma burden through 2040: a systemic review and meta-analysis. Ophthalmology. 2014,121;2081-90.
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Abstract: Background and objectives: The aim of this study was to measure the shear bond strength of brackets bonded with two different bonding systems on a debonded enamel surface under in vitro conditions and evaluate the surface topography by comparing the ARI scores Materials and methods The study was done on 42 maxillary premolar teeth ,which was divided into two groups of 21 teeth each. Each group were bonded with two different bonding systems,group1-conventional bonding system,TRANSBOND XT and group2-single bonding system,FIX......

Keywords TransbondXT, Fix, debonded enamel surface

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[4]. Montasser MA, Drummond JL, Evans CA. Rebonding of orthodontic brackets. Part I, a laboratory and clinical study. Angle Orthod. 2008 May;78(3):531-6.
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Abstract: Introduction: Propofol is commonly used for sedation induction for endoscopy and colonoscopy. The objective of the present study was to investigate the quality of awakening, patients' perception and side effects of propofol sedation. Methods: The present cross-sectional study was conducted in Ibn Sina D lab (hospital) including 226 patients who underwent endoscopy and/or colonoscopy. Prior to procedure, they received an initial intravenous dose of 0.5mg/kg of propofol along with required additional dose for adequate sedationaccording to the recommendations of the ASA Task Force on Sedation and Analgesia by Non-anesthesiologists. Results: The average age of the patients.....

Keywords: Propofol, Sedation, Anesthesia, Endoscopy, Colonoscopy

[1]. Byrne MF, Chiba N, Singh H, Sadowski DC. Propofol use for sedation during endoscopy in adults: A Canadian Association of Gastroenterology position statement. Can J Gastroenterol [Internet]. 2008 [cited 2022 Jun 15];22(5):457. Available from: /pmc/articles/PMC2660799/
[2]. Horiuchi A, Nakayama Y, Kajiyama M, Kato N, Kamijima T, Ichise Y, et al. Safety and effectiveness of propofol sedation during and after outpatient colonoscopy. World J Gastroenterol [Internet]. 2012 Jul 7 [cited 2022 Jun 15];18(26):3420. Available from: /pmc/articles/PMC3396195/
[3]. Nishizawa T, Suzuki H. Propofol for gastrointestinal endoscopy. United Eur Gastroenterol J [Internet]. 2018 Jul 1 [cited 2022 Jun 15];6(6):801. Available from: /pmc/articles/PMC6047291/
[4]. Külling D, Orlandi M, Inauen W. Propofol sedation during endoscopic procedures: how much staff and monitoring are necessary? Gastrointest Endosc [Internet]. 2007 Sep [cited 2022 Jun 15];66(3):443–9. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17725933/
[5]. Qadeer MA, Vargo JJ, Khandwala F, Lopez R, Zuccaro G. Propofol versus traditional sedative agents for gastrointestinal endoscopy: a meta-analysis. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol [Internet]. 2005 Nov [cited 2022 Jun 15];3(11):1049–56. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16271333/.

Abstract: The risks, benefits, and relative safety of vaginal birth after cesarean (VBAC) have been a subject of interest for well over 100 years.1 Rate of cesarean section: Edward Cragin first coined the phrase ―once a cesarean, always a cesarean‖ in 1916.1 Cesarean section is the most frequently performed surgical procedure in the United States. Nearly one in four deliveries has been performed abdominally since 1986.2This.......

[1]. Gregory KD, Korst LM, Fridman M, et al. Vaginal birth after cesarean: clinical risk factors associated with adverse outcome. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2008;198:452.e1-452.e12.
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[4]. Naiden J, Deshpande P. Using active management of labor and vaginal birth after previous cesarean delivery to lower cesarean delivery rates: A 10-year experience. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2001;184:1535-43.
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Abstract: Back ground: Maternal mortality ratio/rate is a global health indicator which reflects the overall improvement of a community in terms of literacy, occupation and health care system of the country. Most of the maternal deaths are preventable .The aim of the study was to evaluate the causes of material death and to find out preventable factors that can decrease the maternal mortality. Methods: This retrospective study was conducted by analyzing the maternal death records over a period of two years from June 2015 to May 2017. Results: The maternal mortality in the present study is 553/ 1 lakh live births in 2015-16 year, 520/1 lakh live births in 2016-17 year and maternal......

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