iosr-JDMS   Volume-21 ~ Issue-8 ~ Aug. 2022

Abstract: Background and objective: Congenital Talipes Equinovarus (CTEV) also known as Clubfoot[1] is one of the common congenital orthopaedic foot deformity in children. It is a complex deformity that is hard to correct & the management is arguable and continues to be one of the significant challenges in paediatric orthopaedics. It is believed that the initial treatment should be non-surgical which is started soon after birth within the first 2 weeks of life. Our aim is to assess the efficacy of Ponseti'stechnique[2,6] for the treatment of CTEV in our institute over a period of 6 years. Methods: 180 patients between 2 weeks to 12 years of age who had attended in the CTEV clinic of Department of Orthopaedics of our medical.....

Keys words: CTEV; Ponseti; Idiopathic clubfoot; Pirani scoring system; Percutaneous Achilles tenotomy

[1]. Turco VJ. Clubfoot, Churchil – Livingstone, New York, 1981.
[2]. Ignacio Ponseti, Jose Morcuende A, Vincent Mosca, Shafique Pirani Fred Dietz, John E Herzenberg, Stuart Weinstein et al. Clubfoot: Ponseti Management, 2nd edition, Global-Help Publication 2005.
[3]. Mercier LR. Practical Orthopedics, 5th edn, Mosby, London, 2000.
[4]. Dobbs MB, Morcuende JA, Gurnett CA. Treatment of idiopathic clubfoot: A historical review. Iowa Orthop J. 2000; 20:59Y6.
[5]. Kite J H. The Clubfoot. Grune & Straton, New York, 11964

Abstract: Since the advent of firearm the use of manual projectile weapons have decreased dramatically around the world. However in India death due to injuries caused by manual projectile weapons like arrow & spear is still prevalent and constitute a significant percentage of homicidal death. I report a case of a male victim who was killed due to an arrow strike . The arrow entered the cranial cavity through left eye socket piercing the eye-globe in the process. It caused substantial brain tissue damage including laceration of brainstem. According to the eyewitnesses present on scene death was instantaneous. This according to me is a rare occurrence.

[1]. Oisin R. O'Neill, Grant Gilliland, Johnny B. Delashaw, Thomas J. Purtzer, Transorbital penetrating head injury with a hunting arrow: Case report, Surgical Neurology,Volume 42, Issue 6,1994,Pages 494-497
[2]. Lawan A, Danjuma SA. Arrow injuries to the eye. Ann Afr Med 2012;11:116‑8.
[3]. Pavlovic, D., Pekic, S., Stojanovic, M. et al. Traumatic brain injury: neuropathological, neurocognitive and neurobehavioral sequelae. Pituitary 22, 270–282 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11102-019-00957-9
[4]. Sil K, Basu S. Craniocerebral arrow injury with survival. Indian J Neurotrauma 2011;8:111‑2.
[5]. Desai P, Morris DS, Minassian DC & MacEwen CJ. Trends in serious ocular trauma in Scotland. Eye. 2015;29(5):611–618.
[6]. Madhok BM, Roy DD, Yeluri S. Penetrating arrow injuries in Western India. Int J Care Injured 2005;36:1045‑50

Abstract: Background- Prevalence of Prehypertension and Hypertension is increasing globally which in turn changed epidemiology of diseases in children. This burden and long effects are red signal to health sector. Aim and Objectives- To study the prevalence of Prehypertension and Hypertension in overweight and obese adolescence children. Material and methods- This cross-sectional study was conducted among Adolescent school children aged 10-18 years belonging to class V to X. In this study, I have interviewed and examined total 1134 children from both the schools. Results- Out of 1134 students examined 18.78% were overweight (96 boys and 117 Girls) and 2.46% (19 boys and 09 Girls) having obesity. Out of 108 Prehypertensive students 14 students BMI was normal (12.96%), 73 students were overweight (67.59%) and 21 were obese (19.44%). Out of 35 hypertensive students 02 students BMI was normal (5.71%), 13 students were overweight (37.14%) and 20 were obese (57.14%)......

Key words: Hypertension, Prehypertension, Overweight and obesity

[1]. Obesity and Hypertension in Adolescent School Children- Karimulla, et al. International Journal of Contemporary Medical Research- Volume 8 | Issue 7 | July 2021
[2]. Development of hypertension in overweight adolescents: a review -Rebecca K Kelly et al Adolesc Health Med Ther. 2015; 6: 171–187.
[3]. Hypertension and prehypertension among adolescents attending secondary schools in urban area of South-East, Nigeria -Chijioke Elias Ezeudu et.al, Pan Afr Med J. 2018; 31: 145.
[4]. A study on prevalence of pre-hypertension in relation to various obesity indicators in tenth standard healthy school children aged 14 to 16 years, Salma Shaziya1 and Soumya M., International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics | January-March 2016 | Vol 3 | Issue 1 Page 35-40
[5]. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0210591

Abstract: Pediatric inguinal hernia which caused by patent processusvaginalis is a common problem in children. The reported incidence of inguinal hernia in infant and children ranges from 1 to 5%. The incidence of an inguinal hernia in children less than 18 years of age ranges from 0.8% to 4.4% 1.Sixty percent of hernias occur on the right side of the body. Inguinal hernias are much more common in male individuals than in female individuals. The male-to-female ratio is estimated to be 4 to 8:1. It is generally present with an obvious bulge at the internal or external ring or within the scrotum 2. All pediatric inguinal hernias require operative treatment to prevent the development of complications, such as inguinal hernia incarceration or strangulation3.Advantages of laparoscopic repair include excellent.......

[1]. Lau ST, Lee YH, Caty MG. Current management of hernias and hydroceles. SeminPediatrSurg 2007; 16:50–57.
[2]. Lee SL, Gleason JM, Sydorak RM. A critical review of premature infants with inguinal hernias: Optimal timing of repair, incarceration risk, and postoperative apnea. J PediatrSurg 2011;46:217-20
[3]. DiMaggio C, Sun LS, Kakavouli A, Byrne MW, Li G. A retrospective cohort study of the association of anesthesia and hernia repair surgery with behavioral and developmental disorders in young children. J NeurosurgAnesthesiol. 2009;21:286–291
[4]. Schier F, Montupet P, Esposito C. Laparoscopic inguinal herniorrhaphy in children: a three-center experience with 933 repairs. J PediatrSurg 2002; 37:395–397.
[5]. Miltenburg DM, Nuchtern JG, Jaksic T, Kozinetiz C, Brandt ML. Laparoscopic evaluation of the pediatric inguinal hernia—A meta-analysis. J PediatrSurg 1998;3: 874–879.

Abstract: Background: Incidence is approximately 1 in 1000 live births1. Bilateral deformities occurs in 50% of patients. It contains four identifiable components that are easily remembered using the acronym CAVE ( cavus, adductus, varus and equinus ). Ponseti method of manipulation and serial plaster casting is the gold standard treatment for idiopathic congenital clubfoot .Ponseti method provides a lower complication rate, less pain and better function as the patient ages as compared to operative treatment. Method: The order of correction by serial manipulation and casting should be as follows: first- correction of forefoot cavus and adduction; next- correction of heel varus; and finally- correction of hindfoot equinus. Generally five to six casts are required to correct the alignment of foot and ankle fully. Before application of the final cast, most infants.....

Keywords: Ponseti; Congenital;.Talipes; Equinus; Varus

[1]. Frederick, M. Azar, Jamer, H. Beaty, S. Terry Canale : Campbell's operative orthopedics.
[2]. Campbell's operative orthopedics.[ 13th edition vol. 2; 29;1031].
[3]. Lehman WB, Mohaideen A, madan S, Scher DM, Van Bosse HJ, Iannacone M, et al. A method for the early evaluation of the ponseti technique for the treatment of idiopathic clubfoot. J Pediatr Ortho P B 2003;12;133-40.
[4]. Sud. A, tiwari A, Sherma D, Kapoor S, Ponseti's Vs Kite's method in the treatment of clubfoot- A prospective randomized study. Int. Orthop 2008;32;409-13.
[5]. S. Pirani1, D. Hodges and F. Sekeramayi A reliable & valid method of assessing the amount of deformity in the congenital clubfoot deformity.J Bone Joint Surg Br 2008 vol. 90-B no. SUPP I 53.
[6]. Pirani S. With personal correspondence. 2007.

Abstract: Lupus miliaris disseminatus faciei (LMDF) is a rare chronic inflammatory dermatoses without an established etiology, was first described by Fox in 1878 [1]. Owing to the close morphological resemblance between Rosacea, LMDF. Here we are documenting a a case of a healthy 16-year-old male patient who presented to our dermatology outpatient clinic and was diagnosed with Rosacea. Skin biopsy was performed and histopathological examination revealed it to be LMDF. Thus, this report focuses on misleading clinical features which may raise a doubt of rosacea during initial visits when clinicians solely depend on clinical symptoms and hence, emphasises on the importance of clinicians working in collaboration with pathologists to diagnose and start the disease specific treatment.

Key Words: Lupus miliaris disseminatus faciei, rosacea, histopathological examination

[1]. Fox T. Disseminated follicular lupus (simulating acne) Lancet. 1878;112:75–76.
[2]. Esteves T, Faria A, Alves R, Marot J, Viana I Vale E. Lupus miliaris disseminatus faciei: a case report. Dermatol Online J. 2010;16(5):10.
[3]. van de Scheur MR, van der Waal RI, Starink TM. Lupus miliaris disseminatus faciei: A distinctive rosacea-like syndrome and not a granulomatous form of rosacea. Dermatology 2003;206:120-3.
[4]. Hodak E,Trattner A,Feuerman H,Feinmesser M,Tsvieli R,Mitrani-Rosenbaum S,David M, Lupus miliaris
[5]. Chougule A,Chatterjee D,Yadav R,Sethi S,De D,Saikia UN, Granulomatous Rosacea Versus Lupus Miliaris Disseminatus Faciei-2 Faces of Facial Granulomatous Disorder: A Clinicohistological and Molecular Study. The American Journal of dermatopathology. 2018 Nov;

Abstract: Background: It's well known that Vitamin d influences the development and maintenance of bone mass and reduce the risk of osteoporosis. It also improve lower limb neuromuscular function. TKR is advised to a patient when the knee has reached end-stage and conservative measures don't seem to work. The primary goal of TKR is to relieve pain and help you resume normal activities. TKR also helps to improve knee function, mobility and to correct deformity. It improves the overall quality of life for the patient. There are several studies which proves poor patient related output measure (PROM`S) following THR or TKR. Methods:This is a prospective cohort study that include 64 patients......

Key Words: Total knee replacement, Vitamin D, NKSS, Functional outcome after TKR

[1]. Shin KY, Park KK, Moon SH, Yang IH, Choi HJ, Lee WS. Vitamin D deficiency adversely affects early post-operative functional outcomes after total knee arthroplasty. Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy. 2017 Nov 1; 25(11):3424-30
[2]. Van der Meer I, Karamali NS, Boeke AJ, Lips P, Middelkoop BJ, Verhoeven I, Wuister JD. High prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in pregnant non-Western women in The Hague, Netherlands. Am J Clin Nutr August 2006; 84(2):350–3
[3]. Jansen JA, Haddad FS. High prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in elderly patients with advanced osteoarthritis scheduled for totalknee replacement associated with poorer preoperative functional state. Ann R Coll Surg Engl 2013; 95(08):569–572
[4]. Wicherts IS, van Schoor NM, Boeke AJ, Visser M, Deeg DJ, Smit J, Knol DL, Lips P. Vitamin D status predicts physical performance and its decline in older persons. J Clin Endocrinol Metab June 2007; 92(6):2058–65.
[5]. Gupta A. Vitamin D deficiency in India: prevalence, causalities and interventions. Nutrients. 2014; 6(2):729-75.
[6]. Maniar RN, Patil AM, Maniar AR, Gangaraju B, Singh J. Effect of preoperative vitamin D levels on functional performance after total knee arthroplasty. Clinics in orthopaedic surgery. 2016 Jun 1; 8(2):153-6.

Abstract: The transmission and pathogenicity of monkeypox virus during the 2022 outbreak in non-endemic countries was different from that of previous outbreaks. Mutations were found in the monkeypox virus isolates of the 2022 outbreak.

Key Words: Monkeypox virus; Transmission; Pathogenicity; Mutation

[1]. Damon, I.K. Poxviruses. In Fields virology, 6th ed.; LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS: Philadelphia, PA 19103 USA, 2013; pp. 2160-2184.
[2]. Kumar, N.; Acharya, A.; Gendelman, H.E.; Byrareddy, S.N. The 2022 outbreak and the pathobiology of the monkeypox virus. Journal of autoimmunity 2022, 131, 102855, doi:10.1016/j.jaut.2022.102855.
[3]. Adalja, A.; Inglesby, T. A Novel International Monkeypox Outbreak. Annals of internal medicine 2022, doi:10.7326/m22-1581.
[4]. Kupferschmidt, K. Why monkeypox is mostly hitting men who have sex with men. Science (New York, N.Y.) 2022, 376, 1364-1365, doi:10.1126/science.add5966.
[5]. Heskin, J.; Belfield, A.; Milne, C.; Brown, N.; Walters, Y.; Scott, C.; Bracchi, M.; Moore, L.S.; Mughal, N.; Rampling, T.; et al. Transmission of monkeypox virus through sexual contact - A novel route of infection. The Journal of infection 2022, 85, 334-363, doi:10.1016/j.jinf.2022.05.028.

Abstract: Objectives: To assess the knowledge of health hazards of the dried animal's dung smoke, and the predisposing factors and precautions of Covid-19 among women age range 25-65 years of district Nowshera. And to measure the prevalence of Covid-19 in suspected women using and not using the stated biomass for cooking purposes. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from April 2020 to March 2021 by the Department of Community Medicine, Women Medical College (WMC), Abbottabad. A total of 400 nonsmoker women (Study.....

Key Words: Exposure to biomass, Covid-19 infection, Women of district Nowshera

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[5]. Akhter T, Ullah Z, Khan MH and Naz R. Chronic bronchitis in women using Biomass fuel in rural Peshawar, Pakistan. Chest. 2007; 132:1472-75.

Abstract: BACKGROUND- Meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) is an alteration in the function of meibomian glands, leading to the decreased tear film stability. Here, we aimed to assess the severity of MGD and to correlate with its various risk factors. OBJECTIVE- To study the association of various risk factors with meibomian gland dysfunction. MATERIAL AND METHODS- An observational case-control study was conducted in a tertiary care centre on 125 consecutive patients diagnosed with MGD. After taking informed consent, patients were assessed for the severity of MGD and correlated with risk factors. RESULTS- Prevalence and severity of MGD.......

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Abstract: BACKGROUND- Proptosis is forward protrusion of eye ball. Due to its varied presentation, a profile of these cases would be helpful for an ophthalmologist to understand the spectrum of etio-pathology and thus take an early measure to save vision and even life of a patient. OBJECTIVE-To study the profile of proptosis in a tertiary care centre. MATERIAL AND METHODS- This retrospective study was conducted at a tertiary care centre in Odisha based on records on clinical analysis of patients attending eye OPD, eye emergency and those admitted to the inpatient department of ophthalmology and referred from other departments of this institution. A total of 135 patients with 177 eyes were included in the study.....

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Abstract: Background: Avascular necrosis is the condition in which bones die after a diminished blood supply or a total cessation of blood supply (AVN). One of the bones that is frequently impacted is the femoral head. One of the main medical reasons of AVN is the overuse of corticosteroids. Patients who are affected typically express complaints of gradually worsening pain and decreased range of motion. The study's goals is to examine the imaging characteristics of avascular necrosis (AVN) of the femoral head as seen in MRI scans of people who had COVID-19 treatment Materials and Methods: The various patterns of AVN of........

Key Words: Avascularnecrosis (AVN)

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