iosr-JDMS   Volume-21 ~ Issue-8 ~ Aug. 2022

Abstract: The ((Syndrome))as a word,it's derives from the Greek word "σύνδρομον" "concurrence", it's means a set of medical signs and symptoms which are correlated with an each other and often associated with a particular disease, disorderor condition, the concurrent things (such as emotions or actions)usually form an identifiable pattern. While the ((social media))is an internet-based tools, it'swebsites and computer programs that allow people to communicate and share information on the internet using a computer or mobile phone, it's an umbrella term for communication and social interaction through online formats. In this articles reviews we numerate most of health impaction by the wrong usage of social media and how can we minimizes or prevent it.

Key words: social media,effects ,health,problems,prevention

[1]. Pantic I (2014) Online social networking and mental health. CyberpsycholBehavSocNetw 17(10): 652- 657.
[2]. Arora, T. et al. (2014), "Associations between specific technologies and adolescent sleep quantity, sleep quality, and parasomnias", Sleep Medicine, Vol. 15/2, pp. 240-247.
[3]. Afifi, T. et al. (2018), "WIRED: The impact of media and technology use on stress (cortisol) and inflammation (interleukin IL-6) in fast paced families", Computers in Human Behavior,Vol. 81, pp. 265-273.
[4]. Russoniello, C., K. O'Brien and J. Parks (2009), "EEG, HRV and Psychological Correlates while Playing Bejeweled II: A Randomized Controlled Study.", Studies in health technology and informatics, Vol. 144, pp. 189-92.
[5]. Romer, D., Z. Bagdasarov and E. More (2013), "Older Versus Newer Media and the Well-being of United States Youth: Results From a National Longitudinal Panel", Journal of Adolescent Health, Vol. 52, pp. 613-619

Abstract: The prime function of lymph node is to deal with antigen. Lymph nodes respond to antigen by enlargement in size, shape, number and consistency. Cervical lymphadenopathy is one of the commonest presentations of underlying pathology of the head and neck region which has large number of differential diagnosis like neoplasms, infections, immune deficiency disorders and also in rare disorders.Fine needle aspiration cytology is a cheap and accurate first line investigation in lymphadenopathy.Objectives:1.To study the various clinical presentations of inflammatory cervical lymphadenopathy, 2.To co-relate FNAC findings with clinical diagnosis. Study....

[1]. Quadri KS, Hamdani NH, Shah P, Lone MI, Baba KM. Profile of lymphadenopathy in Kashmir valley: a cytological study. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2012;13(1):3621-5.
[2]. Gupta AK, Nath TV, Mangal Y, Asha A, Kumar AA. A clinical etiological study of cervical lymphadenopathy in children. J Clin Exp Invest. 2010;1(2):71-4.
[3]. King D, Ramachandra J, Yeomanson D. Lymphadenopathy in children: refer or reassure. Arch Dis Child EducPract Ed. 2014;99(3):101-10.
[4]. Karanam L, Ghosh P, Raman GS, Das D. Neck node in adult: a diagnostic dilemma. Int J Otorhinolyrngol Head Neck Surg. 2018 May;4(3):829-32.
[5]. Allhiser JN, McKnight TA, Shank JC. Lymphadenopathy in a family practice. J Fam Pract. 1981;12(1):27-32.

Abstract: Vitiligo is an acquired depigmentation disorder of autoimmune origin. In the present study, we compared therapeutic efficacy of (Oral PUVASOL i.e. Psoralens + Solar Ultraviolet A) + Topical Fluticasone and (Oral PUVASOL + Topical Fluticasone + oral mini pulse methylprednisolone). 60 clinically diagnosed cases of Vitiligo were enrolled in the study. The patients were divided into two equal groups of 30 patients each. Group A patients were given oral PUVASOL and topical steroids for local application and Group B all the medications were same with additional use of oral methylprednisolone. Mean age of patients in group A was 26.60± 10.862 & Group B was 28.13 ± 12.437. The patients in the group B (Oral PUVASOL + Oral Steroid + Topical Fluticasone) showed early repigmentation at the end of 1 month. 19 patients showed mild response & 4 patients showed moderate pigmentation......

Key words: Vitiligo, Psoralens, Methylprednisolone, Fluticasone

[1]. Howitz J, Brodthagen H, Schwartz M, Thomsen K. Prevalence of vitiligo. Epidemiological survey on the Isle of Bornholm, Denmark. Arch Dermatol. 1977 Jan;113(1):47-5
[2]. Nordlund JJ, Majumder PP. Recent investigations on vitiligo vulgaris. Dermatol Clin. 1997 Jan;15(1):69-78.
[3]. Behl PN, Bhatia RK. 400 cases of vitiligo. A clinico-therapeutic analysis. Indian J Dermatol. 1972 Jan;17(2):51-6
[4]. Sidi E, Planat P. Le traitement des dyschromies et hyperchromies [Treatment of dyschromia and hyperchromatism]. Clinique (Paris). 1965 Apr;60(606):267-71
[5]. Pathak MA, Mosher DB, Fitzpatrick TB. Safety and therapeutic effectiveness of 8-methoxypsoralen, 4,5',8-trimethylpsoralen, and psoralen in vitiligo. Natl Cancer Inst Monogr. 1984 Dec;66:165-73.

Abstract: La fracture de Monteggia est une fracture rare de l'avant-bras qui intéresse l'extrémité proximal de l'ulna associée à une luxation de la tête radial. Mal pris en charge, elle peut évoluer vers un calvicieux. Nous vous présentons une patiente prise en charge aux cliniques universitaires de Lubumbashi, deux mois après un accident de trafic routier, pour une Fracture de Monteggia traitée ultérieurement par un traitement indigène pendant un mois et qui s'est compliqué, par la suite, d'un cal vicieux. Elle a eu à bénéficier d'une ostéosynthèse par pose d'une pose d'une plaque vissée au niveau du cubitus et d'un embrochage radial afin de réduire la luxation radiale. Une kinésithérapie a été entreprise après l'ablation de la broche radiale.

[1]. GICQUEL PH, SCHNEIDER L, STANCHINA C, KARGER C, CLAVERT J.M. Complication des fractures de l'avant bras. La lésion de Monteggia négligée. In : Reprises et séquelles en traumatologie de l'enfant. Sauramps médical Editeur. 2010;
[2]. LANGLAIS J, L'KAISSI M, DE BILLY B. Fractures récentes et anciennes de Monteggia. Elsevier MassonEditeur. 2009;129‑36.
[3]. M. Delpont. Fracture de Monteggia, Orthopaedics & Traumatology: Surgery & Research. ELSEVIER,Volume 104, Issue 1, Supplement, February 2018, Pages S113-S120.
[4]. Obert L, Lepage D, Garbuio P. Fractures récents et anciennes des deux os de l'avant bras chez l'adulte. EMC. 2009;
[5]. Bado JL. The Monteggia lesion. Clin OrthopRelatRes, Jan - Feb 1967;50: 71-86.

Abstract: Background: Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder. It has not been well studied in Algeria. Objectives: To identify the clinical, neuropsychological and neuropsychiatric profile of Algerian patients with PD. Materials and Methods: Retrospective study in the neurology department of the specialized hospital establishment (EHS) of ALI AIT Idir, between January 2015 and March 2022.The diagnosis of idiopathic PD was made according to the Brain Bank criteria of the UK-PD Society . The clinical characteristics of 80 patients with PD were obtained from their medical records. These records were carefully reviewed with the following data: age, sex, history, education level..........

Key words: Parkinson's disease, Mild cognitive impairment, Depression, Anxiety

[1]. Maserejian N, Vinikoor-Imler L, Dilley A.(2020). Estimation of the 2020 Global Population of Parkinson's Disease (PD). Mov Disord , 35. [2]. Muangpaisan W, Mathews A, Hori H, Seidel D. (2011). A systematic review of the worldwide prevalence and incidence of Parkinson's disease. J Med Assoc Thai. 94:749-55.
[3]. Gateff D. (2009). Les thérapies cellulaires dans le cadre de la maladie de parkinson: vers une nouvelle ère thérapeutique ? Université henri poincare - nancy 1 faculté de pharmacie.
[4]. Dorsey E.R , Elbaz A , Nichols E, Abd -Allah F, Abdelalim A, Adsuar J.C, Collado-Mateo D. (2018). Global, regional, and national burden of Parkinson's disease, 1990–2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016, Lancet Neurol. 17:939-953.
[5]. Benarab O, Bernou A. (2018). Étude statistique descriptive de la maladie de Parkinson dans la région de l'Est Algérien. Mémoire de Master. Université des Frères Mentouri Constantine, 13.

Abstract: Background: Gastrointestinal endoscopy (GIE) is an important tool for diagnosis and treatment of gastrointestinal and colonic disease. In Nigeria, the practice of GIE used to be the sole prerogative of the public tertiary hospitals, but this is no longer the case, as GIE is increasingly practiced nowadays in private clinic/hospital setups. Aim/Objective: This study aimed to review the practice of GIE in a newly established private endoscopy centre in Makurdi, North-Central Nigeria. Methods: Patients presenting for esophagogastroduodenoscopy (OGD) and colonoscopy in the initial 12 months period were studied after preparation and obtaining of informed consent. A total of 175 cases were performed including 110 OGD's and 65 colonoscopies..............

Keywords: Oesophagogastroduodenoscopy, Colonoscopy, Private practice.

[1]. Onyekwere CA, Hameed H, Anomneze EE, Chibututu C. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy findings in Nigerians: a review of 170 cases in Lagos. Niger Postgrad Med J. 2008;15(2):126–9.
[2]. Onyekwere CA, Odiagah JN, Ogunleye OO, Chibututu C, Lesi OA. Colonoscopy practice in Lagos, Nigeria: A report of an audit. Diagn Ther Endosc. 2013;2013:798651.
[3]. Ray-Offor E, Obiorah C. Upper gastro-intestinal endoscopy in Port-Harcourt, Nigeria: an audit. Niger Heal J. 2014;14(3):134–9.
[4]. Malu A. Gastrointestinal endoscopy in Nigeria. Niger J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2020;12(2):33–9.
[5]. Omolabake BI, Wuam S. An analysis of 644 upper GI endoscopies performed in a Nigerian tertiary health institution. J Adv Med Med Res. 2022;34(8):14–9.

Abstract: Although congenital lobar emphysema (CLE) is a rare lung disease, it can cause severe respiratory distress innewbornsdue to compression atelectasis. It is most often associated with mediastinal shift and subsequent hypoxia. Its incidence is 1/20,000-30,000 live births with a male-to-female ratio of 3:1. The prenatal incidence is unknown due to diagnostic difficulties with prenatal ultrasonography (USG). We have reported a case of 17 days old male neonate posted for left lower lung lobectomy, who was presented with the sudden onset of respiratory distress related to CLE affecting the left lower lung lobe, the rarest form of CLE.

Keywords: Congenital lobar emphysema, positive pressure ventilation, intercostal nerve block

[1]. Pariente G, Aviram M, Landau D, Hershkovitz R. Prenatal diagnosis of congenital lobar emphysema: case report and review of the literature. J Ultrasound Med. 2009; 28(8): 1081-4.
[2]. Parray T, Apuya J, Abraham E, Ahsan F, Professor S. Anaesthesiologist's dilemma in a patient with congenital emphysema. The Internet Journal of Anaesthesiology. 2009; 24(2): 01-5.
[3]. Prabhu M, Joseph TT. Congenital lobar emphysema: Challenges in diagnosis and ventilation. Anaesthesia: Essays and Researches. 2012; 6(2): 203-6.
[4]. Suman Saini, Smita Prakash, Meera Rajeev, K.K Girdhar. Congenital Lobar Emphysema: Anaesthetic Challenges and Review of Literature. J Clin Diagn Res. 2017; 11(9): UD04-6.
[5]. Tempe DK, Virmani S, Javetkar S, Banerjee A, Puri SK, Datt V. Congenital lobar emphysema: pitfalls and management. Ann CardAnaesth. 2010; 13(1): 53-8..

Abstract: Background Surgical site infection (SSI) occurs in about 25 to 26% of patients after elective laparotomy. SSI is a significant cause of morbidity, increased length of hospital stay, increased cost of treatment and in some cases even mortality. Reduction of SSI will reduce the above complications. The use of antiseptic incise drapes in the prevention of SSI in resource-poor countries such as Nigeria is relatively limited. This study aims to evaluate the use of antiseptic drapes in the prevention of SSI compared to the routine method of skin preparation.........

Keywords: surgical site infection (SSI), antiseptic incise drape, wound, contamination.

[1]. Strobel RM, Leonhardt M, Förster F, Neumann K, Lobbes LA, Seifarth C, Lee LD, Schineis CH, Kamphues C, Weixler B, Kreis ME. The impact of surgical site infection—a cost analysis. Langenbeck's Archives of Surgery. 2022 Mar;407(2):819-28. [2]. De Pastena M, Paiella S, Fontana M, Filippini C, Addari L, Giorgi A, Canton S, Zanusso G, Azzini AM, Bassi C, Tacconelli E. The clinical and economic impact of surgical site infections after distal pancreatectomy. Surgery. 2022 Jun 1;171(6):1652-7.
[3]. Otieku E, Fenny AP, Asante FA, Bediako-Bowan A, Enemark U. Cost-effectiveness analysis of an active 30-day surgical site infection surveillance at a tertiary hospital in Ghana: Evidence from HAI-Ghana study. BMJ open. 2022 Jan 1;12(1):e057468.
[4]. Sullivan E, Gupta A, Cook CH. Cost and consequences of surgical site infections: a call to arms. Surgical infections. 2017 May 1;18(4):451-4.
[5]. Lin HH, Chou PH, Ma HH, Chang YW, Wang ST, Chang MC. Efficacy of povidone iodine solution in the prevention of surgical site infections in minimally invasive instrumented spinal fusion surgery. Global Spine Journal. 2022 Jul;12(6):1058-65.

Abstract: Background :Tooth discoloration is often experienced by people worldwide and one of main aesthetic problems that can affect person's self-confidence. Aim :This report aims to describe cases of tooth discoloration due to cavities which were treated with bleaching and root canal treatment. Case Report :Male patient 19-year-old came with chief complaints of discolorization and cavities on front teeth. The patient found his cavities since 2 years ago. The diagnosis was determined according to tooth severity, namely Element 22: D6, site 1 size 3 with pulp necrosis and normal apical tissue, tooth 22 with PSA Non vital, internal bleaching and direct restoration.........

Keywords: Tooth discoloration, Internal bleaching, non-vital teeth, root canal treatment

[1]. Curto FD; Rocca GT; Krejci I. Restoration of discoloredendodontically treated anterior teeth: a minimally invasive chemomechanical approach. The International Journal of Esthetic Dentistry. 2018; 13(3): 1-17.
[2]. Salicha RP; Ismiyatin K; Sari PT; Widjaja OV; Sari RP. Internal Bleaching of a Non vital Anterior Tooth in Patient with Postural Hypotension.dentika Dental Journal. 2020; 23(2): 45-50
[3]. Anugrahati DF; Ernawati R; Irsya W; Sumur YK; Sukaton; Ismiyatin K. Management of Non-Vital Teeth Discoloration with the Internal Bleaching : A Case Report. Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology, January-March. 2021; 15(1): 1-5.
[4]. Fagogeni, I.; Falgowski, T.; Metlerska, J.; Lipski, M.; Górski, M.; Nowicka, A. Efficiency of Teeth Bleaching after Regenerative Endodontic Treatment: A Systematic Review. J. Clin. Med. 2021, 10, 316. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm10020316
[5]. Lopes ACDE; Mateo-Castillo JF; Neves LT; Pinto LC. Results of mixed and immediate bleaching techniques for bleaching endodontically treated teeth - case reports. Scielo. 2021. Available from: http://www.scielo.edu.uy/scielo.php?pid=S1688-93392021000101402&script=sci_arttext&tlng=en [Accessed on 8th August 2022]

Abstract: Background: Prostate Cancer (PCa) a cancer of global health concern needs to be differentially diagnosed from benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Prostate specific antigen (PSA), the most widely used biomarker for PCa is unsatisfactory. This research is aimed at improving the differential diagnosis of PCa from BPH by comparing serum lipid profile, testosterone, and prostate-specific antigen levels between PCa and BPH patients. Materials and Methods: The study enrolled 40 cases of histologicaly diagnosed prostate cancer (PCa), 40 cases of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH),........

Keywords: Lipids, Tetosterone, Prostate, Hyperplasia, Cancer, Prostate specific antigen

[1]. Emma, H., Allott, L.E., Howard, M.R., Cooperberg, C.J., Kane, W.J., Aronson, M. K., Terris, C.L., Amling., Stephen J. F. (2014). ―Serum lipid profile and risk of prostate cancer‖. National library of medicine 10(14):1055-9965
[2]. Parsons, J.K., Sarma, A.V., McVary, K. and Wei, J.T. (2009). Obesity and benign prostatic hyperplasia: clinical connections, emerging etiological paradigms and future directions. J Urol, 182, S27-31.
[3]. Wolny-Rokicka, E.I., Tukiendorf, A., Wydmański, J. &Zembroń-Łacny, A. (2017). ―The Comparison and Estimation of the Prognostic Value of Lipid Profiles in Patients With Prostate Cancer Dependson Cancer Stage Advancement‖ American Journal of Men's Health 11(6) 1745– 1751
[4]. Schröder, F.H., Hugosson, J., Roobol, M.J.(2012 ―Prostate-cancer mortality at 11 years of follow-up‖. New England Journal of Medicine. 366(11) 981–990.
[5]. Emma, O.N., Epstein, J.I., Cote, R.J. (2016).―prostate specific antigen in benign prostate tissue. The journal of urology‖.196(6):1659-1663.

Abstract: The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) and the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) recommend screening for preeclampsia (PE) based on maternal risk factors. According to the NICE recommendation, any of the following high-risk factors (hypertension in previous pregnancy, chronic hypertension, chronic kidney disease, diabetes mellitus or autoimmune disease), or more than one moderate risk factor (nulliparity, age ≥40 years, BMI ≥35 kg/m2, family history of preeclampsia or interpregnancy intervals of more than 10 years) is considered a high risk of preeclampsia. (www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng133; https://www.guidelinecentral.com/summaries/organizations/national-collaborating-centre-for-womens-and-childrens-health) (Chaemsaithong......

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[2]. Akolekar R., Syngelaki A., Poon L., Wright D., Nicolaides K.H. Competing risks model in early screening for preeclampsia by biophysical and biochemical markers Fetal Diagn Ther, 33 (2013), pp. 8-15.
[3]. Akolekar, R. et al. (2008) Zaragoza, E, Poon, LC, Pepes, S, Nicolaides, KH. Maternal serum placental growth factor at 11 + 0 to 13 + 6 weeks of gestation in the prediction of pre-eclampsia. Ultrasound Obstet. Gynecol. 32, 732–739 (2008).
[4]. Akolekar, R. et al. (2013) Syngelaki, A, Poon, L, Wright, D, Nicolaides, KH. Competing risks model in early screening for preeclampsia by biophysical and biochemical markers. Fetal Diagn. Ther. 33, 8–15 (2013).
[5]. Al-Rubaie Z., Askie L.M., Ray J.G., Hudson H.M., Lord S.J. The performance of risk prediction models for pre-eclampsia using routinely collected maternal characteristics and comparison with models that include specialised tests and with clinical guideline decision rules: a systematic review BJOG, 123 (2016), pp. 1441-1452.