iosr-JDMS   Volume-21 ~ Issue-8 ~ Aug. 2022

Abstract: Objective: Dengue fever (DF) is a common disease and can cause public health alarm, particularly in developing countries. It has serious complications of DF encompass including hemorrhage; a hemodynamic collapse that may additionally progress to, multi-organ dysfunction such as renal dysfunction, and liver failure. Method: This is a case-control study conducted at Kassala Hospital, Kassala State, Sudan; during the period of October 2019 to March 2020. The total number of participants 84. Then divided into two groups. Cases and Controls group. All the investigations were measured by a full automation instrument analyzer; according to the manufacturer's instructions (Bio-system- A25, Costa Brava3008030, Barcelona, Spain). Results: The result showed a significant increase in the Urea levels P. Value = 0.00) and an increase in creatinine concentration, P.value =0.001) among........

Key words:Dengue fever; Renal function; Liver function; Sudan

[1]. Murray NE, Quam MB, Wilder-Smith A: Epidemiology of dengue: past, present and future prospects. ClinEpidemiol. 2013, 5:299-309. 10.2147/CLEP.S34440
[2]. Daisy V J. "Biomarkers of severe dengue disease - a review. J of BiomSci.2015:22:83.
[3]. M H.U T and C T. Dengue infection: a growing global health threat. Biosci.Trend. 2007;(1),90-6.
[4]. WrightWF and PrittBS. The diagnosis and management of dengue virus infection in North America. Diagn. Microbiol. Iinfect .Dis. 2012; 73: 215-20.
[5]. Bhatt S, Gething PW, Brady OJ, et al.: The global distribution and burden of dengue. Nature. 2013, 496:504-507. 10.1038/nature12060

Abstract: Introduction Tuberculosis (TB) known as one of the most common health problems worldwide. Mycobacterium. tuberculosis considered the main cause of TB that mainly affects the lungs and leading to pulmonary tuberculosis which associated with increased morbidity and mortality cases. The aim of this study is to assess the renal profile among tuberculosis patients in Kassala state, Eastern of Sudan. Materials andMethods This is a cross-section study enrolled 200 individuals, aged 15 to 60 years (100 as Tuberculosis and 100 as a control group). the study conducted at the Out-Patient clinic in Kassala Teaching Hospital during the period of April-July 2017. Serum Urea and creatinine...

Keywords: Creatinine; Electrolytes; Sudan; Tuberculosis; Urea

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Abstract: Introduction:Atrial Fibrillation is one of the commonest cardiac arrhythmias which a student come across during the course of studies in medical wards and a physician come across during his medical practice.It is found in association with various types of diseases, cardiac as well as non-cardiac and sometimes is seen to occur as a lone phenomenon. This arrhythmia which initiates or aggravates cardiac decompensation, is itself perpetuated by cardiac decompensation. Number of drugs is still at experimental stage and is due for release in to the market, after ensuring their safety. So, the future era physicians and cardiologists will have more range to choose and use accurate and safer drugs for the existing problem. Materials & Methods: A prospective.....

Key words: Atrial fibrillation, Electrocardiogram, Echocardiography, Rheumatic heart disease

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Abstract: Introduction: Cardiovascular disease is a major cause of disability, and premature death throughout the world, and contributes substantially to the escalating costs of health care. The underlying pathology is atherosclerosis, which develops over many years, and is usually advanced by the time symptoms occur, generally in middle age. Certain risk factors have consistently been identified as significant predictors of MI outcome: age, hypertension, smoking, and complication like heart block. The present study demonstrated that advanced age of more than 60 years, female gender, complete atrioventricular block, bundle branch block, and shock were found to be independent predictors of in-hospital mortality. Early detection and prevention of these factors are crucial in maximizing the benefit of MI intervention and improving the outcome of acute myocardial infarction by minimizing its complication. There is a paucity.......

Keywords: Infraction, Myocardial, CAD, Cardiovascular.

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Abstract: Background:Organized cytology screening programs are not sustainable in many poor countries, which account for four-fifths of the global cervical cancer burden. Among other alternative techniques for prevention, unassisted visual inspection (to detect cervical lesions) has been demonstrated to be inadequate, especially in detecting pre-invasive lesions.The aim of the study was to evaluate the Visual inspection with acetic acid in the early detection of cervical cancer and precursors Methods:The study subjects were 711 women aged over 30 years attending the 250 bed Sadar Hospital Brahmanbaria, from January 2020–to December 2020. These women presented themselves for a routine examination or were referred from elsewhere to rule out cervical pathology. Collected data were entered, checked, and edited (to remove the outliers..........

Key words: Acetic acid, cervical cancer, precursors

[1]. Bray F, Ferlay J, Soerjomataram I, Siegel RL, Torre LA, Jemal A. Global cancer statistics 2018: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries. CA Cancer J Clin [Internet]. 2018;68(6):394–424. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30207593
[2]. Bedell SL, Goldstein LS, Goldstein AR, Goldstein AT. Cervical cancer screening: past, present, and future. Sexual medicine reviews. 2020 Jan 1;8(1):28-37.
[3]. Sankaranarayanan R, Nessa A, Esmy PO, Dangou JM. Visual inspection methods for cervical cancer prevention. Best Pract Res ClinObstetGynaecol. 2012; 26:221–32
[4]. Sauvaget C, Fayette JM, Muwonge R, Wesley R, Sankaranarayanan R. Accuracy of visual inspection with acetic acid for cervical cancer screening. International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics. 2011 Apr 1;113(1):14-24.
[5]. Alliance for Cervical Cancer Prevention. New evidence on the impact of cervical cancer screening and treatment using HPV DNA tests, visual inspection, or cytology. Cervical Cancer Prevention Fact Sheet. 2009hea.

Abstract: Study of trauma patterns in covid lockdown period and review and comparison with pre-covid period. How its outcome will affect our preparedness for combating in future, if similar situation arises. This study was conducted in orthopedics department of N.M.C.H., Patna. And Oxygen Trauma and Multispeciality Hospital, Patna. Mechanism and pattern of injuries of 163 patients during lockdown period 24th March, 2020 to August 2020, were compared with the 580 patients in similar duration in 2019. Protocols Followed In treating these patients were reviewed. Significant decrease in Road Traffic Accidents were noted, while there was significant increase in domestic injuries due to slip and fall at home and most complications were due to inadequate and delayed treatment in these period.

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Abstract: Periodontal therapy of intra-bony defects represents a major challenge for clinicians. Conventional surgical techniques can not restore the lost tissue architectures and functions. Therefore, some regenerative materials as bone grafts and bone substitutes were developed to achieve this target. Alloplasts (as bioactive glass) are utilized to overcome the autografts and allograft intrinsic limitations. Thus, the objectives of present study were to evaluate the efficacy of regenerative potentials of bioactive glass bone substitute and to assess clinically and radiographically the platelets rich fibrin (PRF) ability to augment the regenerative......

Key Word: Bioactive glass, PRF, intra-bony defect

[1]. Papapanou PN, Sanz M, Buduneli N, Dietrich T, Feres M, Fine DH, et al. Periodontitis: Consensus report of workgroup 2 of the 2017 World Workshop on the Classification of Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases and Conditions. Journal of Clinical Periodontology. 2018;45:S162-S70..
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[4]. Abbass MMS, Rady D, Radwan IA, El Moshy S, AbuBakr N, Ramadan M, et al. The occurrence of periodontal diseases and its correlation with different risk factors among a convenient sample of adult Egyptian population: a cross-sectional study. F1000Res. 2019;8:1740-.
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Abstract: Background: Acanthosis Nigricans (AN) is characterized by thickened, hyperpigmented plaques with a velvety texture. The lesions are symmetrically distributed on the flexural areas which include posterior neck , axillae, antecubital fossa and other intertriginous areas. Different varieties of acanthosis nigricans include benign, obesity associated, syndromic, malignant, acral, unilateral, drug-induced and mixed type. Aim: To study the clinico-epidemiological features of patients with acanthosis nigricans. Materials and Methods: An observational, descriptive, institution based cross sectional study of 18 months duration conducted at the out-patient department of Dermatology,Venereology and Leprosy of National Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Jaipur, Rajasthan in patients of all ages and sex presenting with acanthosis nigricans (AN).......

Keywords: Acanthosis nigricans, Insulin resistance, Obesity.

[1]. Rafalson L, Eysaman J, Quattrin T. Screening Obese Students for AcanthosisNigricansand Other Diabetes Risk Factors in the Urban School-Based Health Center. ClinPediatr(Phila)2011;50(8):747-52.
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[4]. MeghanaMadhukarPhiske. An approach to acanthosisnigricans: Indian Dermatology Online Journal : July-September 2014: Volume 5 : Issue 3.
[5]. Menon VU, Kumar KV, Gilchrist A, Sundaram KR, Jayakumar RV , Nair V and Kumar H. AcanthosisNigricans and insulin levels in a south indian population-(ADEPS paper2): Obes Res ClinPract: 2008 Mar; 2(1): 1-2.

Abstract: Laproscopic cholecystectomy is considered the gold standard treatment in the surgical treatment of symptomatic cholelithiasis and acute cholecystitis. Standard laproscopic cholecystectomy is usually performed using monopolar electrosurgical hook for dissection and titanium clips for occluding the cystic duct and cystic artery. This is a prospective study in which we have used the harmonic scalpel during laproscopic cholecystectomy to seal the cystic arteryin order to avoid the known risks associated with the use of titanium clips including slippage and thus leakage,to avoid transmission of energy through clips while using electrocautery and lateral tissue damage through electrocautery. The harmonic scalpel can also be used for dissection of calots' triangle and lifting......

[1]. Kimura Y, Takada T, Kawarada Y, Nimura Y, H Koichi, Sekimoto M, et al. Defnitions, pathophysiology, and epidemiology of acute cholangitis and cholecystits: Tokyo Guidelines. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Surg. 2007;14:15-26.
[2]. Gelmini R, Franzoni C, Zona S, Andreotti A, Saviano M. Laparascopic cholecystectomy with harmonic scalpel. JSLS. 2010;14:14-9.
[3]. Yano H, Okada K, Kinuta M, Nakano Y, Tono T, Matsui S, et al. efficacy of absorbable clips compared with metal clips for cystic duct ligation in laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Surg Today 2003;33:18-23.
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Abstract: Conventional thyroidectomy (CT) is the ideal method of treating differentiated thyroid cancer. However, the modern usage of robotic thyroidectomy (RT) is frequently contentious. Even though RT integrates the exclusive advantages of the operational remote and robot remote monitoring thyroidectomy, its pertinence to cancer patients is hampered by doubtful oncological safety and advantages. The objective of this review is to compare and contrast the perioperative and oncological results of Robotic Thyroidectomy and Conventional Thyroidectomy. All available studies are retrospective or non-randomized comparisons. Liu and Ng (2016) argue that RT is inferior to CT in terms of longer operating time, higher expense, and probably inferior oncological management.......

Key words: Conventional Thyroidectomy, Minimal invasive Thyroidectomy,Thyroid Cancer

[1]. Holsinger, F. C., & Chung, W. Y. (2014). Robotic Thyroidectomy. Otolaryngologic Clinics of North America, 47(3), 373–378. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.otc.2014.03.001
[2]. Kandil, E., Attia, A. S., Hadedeya, D., Shihabi, A., & Elnahla, A. (2020). Robotic thyroidectomy: past, future, and current perspectives. Otolaryngologic Clinics of North America, 53(6), 1031-1039. https://www.oto.theclinics.com/article/S0030-6665(20)36675-5/abstract
[3]. Kwak, H. Y., Kim, H. Y., Lee, H. Y., Jung, S. P., Woo, S. U., Son, G. S., ... & Bae, J. W. (2015). Robotic thyroidectomy using bilateral axilla‐breast approach: comparison of surgical results with open conventional thyroidectomy. Journal of Surgical Oncology, 111(2), 141-145. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/jso.23674
[4]. Lee, S., Kim, H. Y., Lee, C. R., Park, S., Son, H., Kang, S. W., ... & Park, C. S. (2014). A prospective comparison of patient body image after robotic thyroidectomy and conventional open thyroidectomy in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma. Surgery, 156(1), 117-125. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0039606014000567
[5]. Liu, S. Y. W., & Ng, E. K. W. (2016). Robotic versus open thyroidectomy for differentiated thyroid cancer: an evidence-based review. International Journal of Endocrinology, 2016. https://www.hindawi.com/journals/ije/2016/4309087

Abstract: INTRODUCTION: Bullying or peer victimization among school children has been defined as a specific form of aggressive behavior and can be described as a situation when a student is exposed repeatedly and overtime, to negative actions. The aim of the present study was to analyze the level of self-esteem in adolescents of the public school system as well as to verify the possible associations of orthodontic treatment need and bullying. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross sectional survey was conducted among teenage adults over a period of one month time. A total of one month time period was taken to distribute among the study age group and the response rates were 520 at the end of the study. The responses were subjected to statistical analysis with respect to age and gender and inherently statistics........

KEYWORDS: BULLYING, TEENAGERS,PSYCHOLOGICAL IMPACT, ORTHODONTICS.

[1]. Seehra J, Newton JT, DiBiase AT. Bullying in schoolchildren–its relationship to dental appearance and psychosocial implications: an update for GDPs. British dental journal. 2011 May;210(9):411-5.
[2]. Gatto RC, Garbin AJ, Corrente JE, Garbin CA. Self-esteem level of Brazilian teenagers victims of bullying and its relation with the need of orthodontic treatment. RGO-RevistaGaúcha de Odontologia. 2017 Jan;65:30-6.
[3]. Seehra J, Fleming PS, Newton T, DiBiase AT. Bullying in orthodontic patients and its relationship to malocclusion, self-esteem and oral health-related quality of life. Journal of orthodontics. 2011 Dec;38(4):247-56.
[4]. DiBiase AT, Sandler PJ. Malocclusion, orthodontics and bullying. Dental update. 2001 Nov 2;28(9):464-6.
[5]. Albino JE, Lawrence SD, Tedesco LA. Psychological and social effects of orthodontic treatment. Journal of behavioral medicine. 1994 Feb;17(1):81-98

Abstract: AimOfStudy: ToStudyth

Key Words: sub occipital inhibition technique, Head ache disability index, visual analog scale, Tension Type Headache

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Abstract: Background:The prognosis and multimodal therapeutic options for patients with head and neck cancer vary depending on epidemiologic factors, anatomical location, and staging of the disease. The study aimedto evaluate the contribution of concurrent chemoradiation therapy (CCRT) and radiotherapy alone in previously untreated patients with unresectable head and neck cancer. Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted at the department of radiotherapy in the Sylhet MAG Osmani Medical College, Sylhet from January 2021 to December 2021. The study was carried out with a total of 36 previously untreated patients with unresectable head and neck cancer. A convenient sample selection method was done for the selection of the participants. Available data were analyzed through SPSS software. Result: The majority of the participants were over 50 years of age, with 33.33% belonging to the age group of 51-60 years, 22.22% belonging to the age group.......

Key Words: Concurrent Chemo-radiotherapy (CCRT), Radiotherapy (RT), Carcinoma of Head and Neck Region.

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