iosr-JDMS   Volume-22 ~ Issue-4 ~ April 2023

Abstract: Filarial lymphedema of scrotum ia a uncommon and challenging problem in the tropics in recent times. Filariasis is a mosquito-transmitted parasitic disease. Thus, filarial scrotum is a late and chronic manifestation of filariasis. It is estimated that in endemic areas, over 40 million persons suffer from the chronic disfiguring manifestations of filariasis. Filarial scrotum is a scrotal swelling resulting from a parasitic infection with Wuchereria bancrofti, endemic to tropical regions around the world. A filarial hydrocele is not only debilitating but also has economic implications due to the huge numbers of affected adult males throughout the tropical and subtropical endemic regions.....

[1]. Sangwan S, Singh SP. Filariasis of the breast. Med J Armed Forces India. 2015 Jul;71(Suppl 1):S240–1.
[2]. Otabil KB, Tenkorang SB. Filarial hydrocele: a neglected condition of a neglected tropical disease. J Infect Dev Ctries. 2015 Mar 18;9(5):456–62.
[3]. World Health Organization. Global programme to eliminate lymphatic filariasis. Releve Epidemiol Hebd. 2005 Jun 10;80(23):202–12.
[4]. Shenoy RK. Clinical and Pathological Aspects of Filarial Lymphedema and Its Management. Korean J Parasitol. 2008 Sep;46(3):119–25.
[5]. DeVries CR. The role of the urologist in the treatment and elimination of lymphatic filariasis worldwide. BJU Int. 2002 Mar;89 Suppl 1:37–43..

Abstract: Background: With scientific and technical progress in medical care, as an important respiratory support approach, mechanical ventilation has been increasingly applied in the critical care unit. Patients who are connected to a mechanical ventilator are unable to communicate effectively with significant others. It has also been previously documented that patients on a ventilator often experience discomfort and frustration due to their inability to communicate with others. This was intimately related to feelings of anxiety, fear and agony, which created feelings of insecurity while they were on the ventilator. Present study aimed to find out how the patients undergone CABG experiences mechanical ventilation Materials and Methods:....

Key words: Mechanical ventilation, expériences, Critical Care unit, CABG

[1]. Samuelson, K., Lundberg, D. and Fridlund, B. (2007). Stressful memories and psychological distress in adult mechanically ventilated intensive care patients - a 2-month follow-up study. Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica, 51 (6), p.671–678.
[2]. Adamson, H., Murgo, M., Boyle, M., Kerr, S., Crawford, M. and Elliott, D. (2004). Memories of intensive care and experiences of survivors of a critical illness: an interview study. Intensive and Critical Care Nursing, 20 (5), p.257–263.
[3]. Arai, S., Stotts, N. and Puntillo, K. (2013). Thirst in Critically Ill Patients: From Physiology to Sensation. American Journal of Critical Care, 22 (4), p.328–335. Arslanian-Engoren, C. and Scott, L. (2003). The lived experience of survivors of prolonged mechanical ventilation: A Phenomenological Study. Heart and Lung: The Journal of Acute and Critical Care, 32 (5), p.328–334.
[4]. Happ, M., Garrett, K., Thomas, D., Tate, J., George, E., Houze, M., Radtke, J. and Sereika, S. (2011). Nurse-patient communication interactions in the intensive care unit. American Journal of Critical Care, 20 (2), p.e28–e40
[5]. Kean, S. and Smith, G. (2014). Surviving critical illness: Intensive care and beyond. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 23(5-6), p.603-604.

Abstract: The colorectal cancer is one of the most important causes of mortality and its incidence has been increasing. Radiation therapy (RT) is a major treatment in the management of locally advanced rectal cancer. For several years, neoadjuvant radiotherapy has been considered as standard of care for this cancer with either long course chemoradiation or short-course RT. Over the recent years, the management of rectal cancer was an active research area, especially the role of RT including indications, optimal radiotherapy regimens, therapeutic sequences and the organ preservation approaches. Authors summarize recent RT updates in the management of rectal cancer..

Key words: Radiotherapy, rectal cancer, neoadjuvant therapy, guidelines, treatment

[1]. Folkesson J, Birgisson H, Pahlman L, Cedermark B, Glimelius B, Gunnarsson U. Swedish Rectal Cancer Trial: long lasting benefits from radiotherapy on survival and local recurrence rate. J Clin Oncol. 2005 Aug 20;23(24):5644-50. doi: 10.1200/JCO.2005.08.144.
[2]. Van Gijn W, Marijnen CA, Nagtegaal ID, et al. Dutch Colorectal Cancer Group. Preoperative radiotherapy combined with total mesorectal excision for resectable rectal cancer: 12-year follow-up of the multicentre, randomised controlled TME trial. Lancet Oncol. 2011 Jun;12(6):575-82. doi: 10.1016/S1470-2045(11)70097-3.
[3]. Wo JY, Anker CJ, Ashman JB, et al. Radiation Therapy for Rectal Cancer: Executive Summary of an ASTRO Clinical Practice Guideline. Pract Radiat Oncol. 2021 Jan-Feb;11(1):13-25. doi: 10.1016/j.prro.2020.08.004.
[4]. Colorectal cancer NICE guideline. 29 January 2020
[5]. www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng151.

Abstract: Background: Acute leukemia is a malignant neoplasm of hematopoietic stem cells characterized by proliferation and growth of neoplastic cells in the bone marrow and blood. It consists of Acute Myeloid Leukemia and Acute Lymphoid Leukemia. They have symptoms due to anemia, thrombocytopenia and neutropenia. Early detection and treatment has tremendously improved the survival of these patients. Therefore, the study will give us an idea about acute leukemia patient profile in Manipur. Materials and Methods: A longitudinal study was conducted at JNIMS who were admitted at Medicine and Pediatric wards from November 2020 to November 2022. All new diagnosed cases of acute leukemia were included. However, those who.....

Key words: Acute Leukemia, Acute Myeloid Leukemia, Acute Lymphoid Leukemia, Induction Outcome

[1]. Tubergen DG, Bleyer A. The leukemia. Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics. 18th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Saunders; 2007.
[2]. Rajesh SL et al. Pattern of leukemias in tertiary care hospital. Indian Medical Gazette 2013;5(1):175-80.
[3]. Kumar S, Shweta A, Sahu TP. Clinico-hematological profile of pediatric patient admitted with acute leukemia in tertiary care centre of Central India. Indian J Child Health 2016;3(4):308-310.
[4]. Jagannath J, Bharat J, Amit K N. Clinicopathological study of Acute lymphoblastic leukemia - a multiparameter study. J of Evidence Based Med & Hlthcare 2015 Nov;11(2):8582-8585.
[5]. Shuchismita, Iffat J, Bhushan RR, Choudhary R. Clinico-Hematological Profile of Acute Leukemia Cases in Bihar. J Lab Physicians 2022; DOI https://doi.org/ 10.1055/s-0042-1757233.

Abstract: Objective: To study the clinical profile of Empyema Gall Bladder and to assess the difficulties during laparoscopic cholecystectomy in such cases. This prospective experimental clinical study covers 30 cases of empyema of the gall bladder, which were admitted in the Department of General Surgery at SGT Medical College, Hospital and Research Institute, Budhera, Gurugram, Haryana, India during the period from August 2020 to January 2023. All the Cases were planned for elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Results: In our study of 30 patients ranging from age group of 20 years to 70 years, maximum incidence were between 30-50 years. The male female ratio being 1:2(10 males:20 females). All the cases were attempted laparoscopically out of which....

Keywords: Empyema, Gall bladder, Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy

[1]. Karakus OZ, Ulusoy O. Evolution of laparoscopic cholecystectomy: From multiport to single port. J Minim Invasive Surg Sci 2016; 5(2): e36366.
[2]. Abbasi SA, Azami R, Haleem A, Tariq GR, Iqbal A, Almas D, et al. An audit of laparoscopic cholecystectomies performed at PNS Shifa. Pak Armed Forces Med 2003; 53(1): 51-8
[3]. Editorial. Empyema of the gall bladder- A forgotten disease. Lancet 1988;8377:606.
[4]. Jaffey JA, Graham A, VanEerde E, et al.: Gallbladder mucocele: variables associated with outcome and the utility of ultrasonography to identify gallbladder rupture in 219 dogs (2007-2016). J Vet Intern Med. 2018, 32:195-200.
[5]. Taskin OC, Bellolio E, Dursun N, et al.: Non-neoplastic polyps of the gallbladder: a clinicopathologic analysis of 447 cases. Am J Surg Pathol. 2020, 44:467-76.

Abstract: DVT is one of the rare and important causes of maternal morbidity and mortality. Since pregnancy is a hypercoagulable state, DVT occurs more frequently than nonpregnant females. The most common symptoms are swelling, pain and warmth in the affected limb. Anticoagulants form the first line and mainstay of treatment. Here we review a case of 31 years old, G2A1 at 29weeks+2days gestational age, DCTA triplets pregnancy, with acute DVT in the right leg.

Key Word: Deep Venous Thrombosis, DCTA Triplet Pregnancy, Anticoagulation

[1]. Mishra A, Inamdar S. Deep Venous Thrombosis in Pregnancy. J South Asian Feder Obst Gynae 2020;12(1)48-50.
[2]. Data Journal of the American College of Cardiology, ISSN: 0735-1097, Vol: 76, Issue:18, Page: 2128-2121.
[3]. Dresang, Lee T et al. "Venous thromboembolism during pregnancy." American family physician vol. 77,12 (2008): 1709-16.
[4]. Devis, Paola, and M Grace Knuttinen. "Deep venous thrombosis in pregnancy: incidence, pathogenesis and endovascular management." Cardiovascular diagnosis and therapy vol. 7,Suppl 3 (2017): S309-S319

Abstract: The periodontal treatment mainly aims in regeneration of the lost tissues due to periodontal disease. Management of furcation involvement in a multirooted teeth is influenced by variety of factors. Since the anatomy of the furcation is complex, the regeneration of the defect is quite challenging. This case report describes about the minimally invasive single flap technique for management of grade II furcation involvement in a mandibular first molar using platelet rich fibrin and xenograft. The main aim of using a single flap approach is to make the extent of the surgical site as limited as possible so that the marginal tissue recession is avoided and also to decrease the patient discomfort by making both duration and surgical insult minimal. Following surgical debridement and placement of bone graft, radiographic bone fill was noticed in the furcation region at 8 weeks after surgery and the clinical probing pocket depth was reduced from 13mm at baseline to 3 mm at 12 weeks. A keen, sound diagnosis and removal of etiological factors can aid in restoration of health and function of the periodontium..

Key Word: Grade II furcation, Single flap approach, Platelet rich fibrin, Xenograft, Periodontal regeneration

[1]. Khanna D, Malhotra S, Naidu DV, et al. A systematic review of guided tissue regeneration for periodontal furcation defects . What is the effect of guided tissue regeneration compared with surgical debridement in the treatment of furcation defects ? J Oral Biol Craniofacial Res. 2015;5(1):689-694. doi:10.1002/JPER.19-0529
[2]. Aichelmann-reidy ME, Avila-ortiz G, Klokkevold PR, Murphy KG, Rosen PS, Schallhorn RG. Enhancing Periodontal Health Through Regenerative Approaches Periodontal Regeneration — Furcation Defects : Practical Applications From the AAP Regeneration Workshop. 2015;5(1). doi:10.1902/cap.2015.140068
[3]. Reddy MS, Aichelmann-reidy ME, Avila-ortiz G, et al. Periodontal Regeneration – Furcation Defects : A Consensus Report From the AAP Regeneration Workshop. 2015;5(1):131-133. doi:10.1902/jop.2015.140379
[4]. Dohan DM, Choukroun J, Diss A, et al. Platelet-rich fibrin (PRF): A second-generation platelet concentrate. Part I: Technological concepts and evolution. Oral Surgery, Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endodontology. 2006;101(3). doi:10.1016/j.tripleo.2005.07.008
[5]. Gp S, Hebert E, Farina R, et al. Single versus double flap approach in periodontal regenerative treatment. 2015;(2009):557-566. doi:10.1111/jcpe.12409.

Abstract: Introduction: Solitary thyroid nodules (STN) are common in clinical practice. Nodules can be found in up to 90% of women more than 60 years of age and are 3-4 times more in women compared to men. The research work available concerning the frequency of malignancy in solitary thyroid nodules is not acceptable. This study aims to find out the frequency of malignancy in solitary thyroid nodules and the factors associated with it. Methods: This cross-sectional observational study was carried out in the Department of ENT & Head neck surgery, Sher-E-Bangla Medical College Hospital, Barishal for six months. A total of 112 (N=112) participants were enrolled in this study......

Keywords: STN, Women, Swelling, Gland

[1]. Al Mamun A, Alam Z, Islam M, Mahamud M, Rahman M, Aich ML. Study of pathological variations of solitary thyroid nodule. Bangladesh Journal of Otorhinolaryngology. 2018;24(2):105-14.
[2]. Deepthi M, Sukthankar PS, Narsimloo K. Solitary nodule thyroid: diagnosis and management. Int J Otorhinolaryngology Head Neck Surg. 2017 Jul;3:611-5.
[3]. Jena A, Patnayak R, Prakash J, Sachan A, Suresh V, Lakshmi AY. Malignancy in solitary thyroid nodule: A clinicoradiopathological evaluation. Indian journal of endocrinology and metabolism. 2015 Jul;19(4):498.
[4]. Zhang J, Liu W, Zhang Q, Zhao C, Li J, Li X, Li G, Chen J, Peng D, Wang Y, Yang C. Total thyroidectomy for giant nodular goiter guided by pre-operative 3D computed tomography reconstruction and 3D printing: A case report. Medicine. 2022 Dec 30;101(52):e32456.
[5]. Jagadeesan N. Clinical Profile of Solitary Nodule Goitre (Doctoral dissertation, Thanjavur Medical College, Thanjavur).

Abstract: Introduction: Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART) has become increasingly popular in recent years, raising questions about the psychosocial well-being of children born through these methods. This study aimed to investigate the psychosocial strengths and difficulties of children born through ART in Bangladesh using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). Methods: Thisretrospective longitudinal study was conductedat the Fertility Center of Combined Military Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh, with a sample of 47 parents and their children, who completed a socio-demographic questionnaire and the SDQ. Data were analyzed to examine correlations between socio-demographic variables and SDQ score categories, including emotional problems, conduct problems, hyperactivity, peer problems.....

Keywords: Neurodevelopmental, Impairment, Disorder, SDQ, Psychosocial

[1]. The world's number of IVF and ICSI babies has now reached a calculated total of 5 million. Available from
:http://www.eshre.eu/ESHRE/English/Press-Room/Press-Releases/Press-releases-2012/5-million-babies/page.aspx/1606. 2012:Press release.
[2]. Sullivan EA, Zegers-Hochschild F, Mansour R, Ishihara O, deMouzon J, Nygren KG, et al. International Committee for Monitoring Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ICMART) world report: assisted reproductive technology 2004. Hum Reprod. 2013;28:1375–90.
[3]. Ferraretti AP, Goossens V, De Mouzon J, Bhattacharya S, Castilla JA, Korsak V, et al. Assisted reproductive technology in Europe, 2008: Results generated from European registers by ESHRE. Hum Reprod. 2012;27:2571–84.
[4]. Knoester M, Helmerhorst FM, van der Westerlaken LA, Walther FJ, Veen S. Leiden artificial reproductive techniques follow-up project (L-art-FUP). Matched follow-up study of 58-year-old ICSI singletons: child behavior, parenting stress and child (health-related) quality of life. Hum Reprod.2007; 22:3098–3107.
[5]. Sandin S, Nygren KG, Iliadou A, Hultman CM, Reichenberg A. Autism and mental retardation among offspring born afterin vitro fertilization. JAMA.2013; 310:75–84.

Abstract: Introduction: Children's psychological well-being is influenced by a complex interplay of factors, including socio-demographic variables. Understanding these relationships is critical for developing targeted interventions to improve children's mental health. This study aimed to assess the relationship between socio-demographic variables and children's psychological well-being using the Strengths & Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) score categories. Methods: Thisretrospective longitudinal study was conductedat the Fertility Center of Combined Military Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh, with a sample of 47 parents and their children, who completed a socio-demographic questionnaire.....

Keywords: Neurodevelopmental, Impairment, Disorder, SDQ

[1]. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders [Internet]. DSM Library. [cited 2023 Apr 17]. Available from: https://dsm.psychiatryonline.org/doi/book/10.1176/appi.books.9780890425596
[2]. Polanczyk GV, Salum GA, Sugaya LS, Caye A, Rohde LA. Annual research review: A meta-analysis of the worldwide prevalence of mental disorders in children and adolescents. J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 2015 Mar;56(3):345–65.
[3]. Baxter AJ, Brugha TS, Erskine HE, Scheurer RW, Vos T, Scott JG. The epidemiology and global burden of autism spectrum disorders. Psychol Med. 2015 Feb;45(3):601–13.
[4]. Rutter's Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 5th Edition | Wiley [Internet]. Wiley.com. [cited 2023 Apr 17]. Available from: https://www.wiley.com/en-sg/Rutter%27s+Child+and+Adolescent+Psychiatry%2C+5th+Edition-p-9781444300901
[5]. Zegers-Hochschild F, Adamson GD, de Mouzon J, Ishihara O, Mansour R, Nygren K, et al. International Committee for Monitoring Assisted Reproductive Technology (ICMART) and the World Health Organization (WHO) revised glossary of ART terminology, 2009. Fertil Steril. 2009 Nov;92(5):1520–4.