iosr-JDMS   Volume-22 ~ Issue-5 ~ May 2023

Abstract: Introduction:Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is gold standard treatment for cholelithiasis now a days. Post-operative shoulder tip pain is common complain after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. The cause of this shoulder tip pain is multifactorial e.g. peritoneal stretching and diaphragmatic irritation. The main cause of this shoulder tip pain is pneumoperitoneum caused by carbon dioxide. Intra-operative and post-operative outcomes are largely affected by the pneumo peritoneum used in laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Aim: To compare the effect of standard pressure and low pressure pneumoperitoneum on liver enzymes in selected group of patients........

Keywords: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy, Low pressure, Standard pressure.

[1]. McsherryCK.Cholecystectomy:thegoldstandard:AmJSurg.1989;158:174-8 Wallace DH, Serpell MG, Basxter JN, O'Dwyer PJ. (1997) Randomized trial of different insufflation pressures for laparoscopic cholecystectomy.BrJSurg.1997;84:455-8.
[2]. Kakde AS, Wagh HD. An observational study: Effects of tenting of the abdominal walon peak airway pressure in robotic radical prostatectomysurgery.SaudiJournalofAnaesthesia.2017;11(3):279.
[3]. BajwaSJ,KulshresthaA.Anaesthesiaforlaparoscopicsurgery:Generalvs regionalanaesthesia.JournalofMinimalAccessSurgery2016;12(1):4.
[4]. RanaML,BansalAS,SinghNJ,SwainN.Studyinchangeinliveenzymes laproscopic cholecystectomy: A retrospective study. Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences. 2014;3(73):15411-16.
[5]. Mohindra M, Singh MP, Arora D. Incidence of alteration in liver functional tests in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy. JournalofAdvancedMedicalandDentalSciencesResearch.2017;5(10):62-64..

Abstract: Fibroma is the most common soft tissue neoplasm occurring in the oral cavity and it arises from gingival connective tissue and periodontal ligament. Fibroepithelial hyperplasia is a histological variant of fibroma and because of their proliferative nature, they often cause aesthetic and functional problems. A case of a 21 year old female, who presented with gingival overgrowth in the lower front tooth region for the past 6 months is discussed in this article. The lesion was excised using electrosurgery, sent for histopathological evaluation and uneventful healing was noticed. This case demonstrates the need for awareness, and role of biopsy and histologic evaluation in management of these type of reactive lesions, as longstanding lesion in presence of chronic irritation may convert into a neoplasm..

Key words:Fibroma, Fibroepithelial Hyperplasia, Excision, Electrosurgery

[1]. Effiom OA, Adeyemo WL, Soyele OO. Focal Reactive lesions of the Gingiva: An Analysis of 314 cases at a tertiary Health Institution in Nigeria. Niger Med J . 2011;52(1):35–40.
[2]. Newman MG, Takei H, Klokkevold Pr cf. Carranza's clinical periodontology thirteenth edition page 266.
[3]. Carter JH, Sketris IS, Tamim HH, Levy AR, Langley JM. Journal of Population Therapeutics & Clinical Pharmacology. J Popul Ther Clin Pharmacol. 2019;26(2):E1–4.
[4]. Eversole LR, Rovin S. Reactive lesions of the gingiva. J Oral Pathol Med. 1972;1(1):30–8.
[5]. Rose L, Mealey B, Genco R CD. Periodontics: Medicine, Surgery, and Implants By Louis F. Rose, Brian L. Mealey, Robert J. Genco, and D. Walter Cohen Elsevier Mosby; Philadelphia: 2004. 990 Pp. Vol 99.; 2004.

Abstract:Background: Loss of the eye during childhood affects growth, development of the orbital area, esthetics and psychologic. Fabricating ocular prosthesis is necessary for children after losing eye. To achieve a good esthetic, coloring medium is one of the factors that determine the success of an ocular prosthesis. Inappropriate coloring medium can cause the discoloration of the ocular prosthesis. Objectives: This case report explains the rehabilitation of eye socket after enucleation with an ocular prosthesis using watercolor painting paper as coloring medium Case report: Female patient, 2 years old came with her mother to Dental Hospital Universitas Sumatera Utara; she was referred by the ophthalmologist to make custom ocular prosthesis. The patient has retinoblastoma and her left eye was enucleated when she was one.....

Key words: ocular prosthesis, enucleation, esthetic, eye coloring medium, psychological

[1]. Goiato MC, de Caxias FP, dos Santos DM. Quality of life living with ocular prosthesis. Expert Rev Ophthalmol [Internet]. 2018;13(4):171–3. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1080/17469899.2018.1503534
[2]. Chaugule S, Honavar SG, Finger PT. Surgical Ophthalmic Oncology: A Collaborative Open Access Reference. Springer International Publishing, Switzerland2019: 1-216. Surgical Ophthalmic Oncology. 2019. 131–139 p.
[3]. Pine KR, Jacobs RJ, Sloan BH. Clinical ocular prosthetics. Clinical Ocular Prosthetics. 2015. 1–313 p.
[4]. Amornvit P, Rokaya D, Shrestha B, Srithavaj T. Prosthetic rehabilitation of an ocular defect with post-enucleation socket syndrome: A case report. Saudi Dent J [Internet]. 2014;26(1):29–32. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sdentj.2013.12.006
[5]. Kulshrestha R, Rathod K, Umale V, Sharma V, Porwal A, Jhawar S. Ocular prosthesis in Dentistry - A Review. Int J Case Stud Clin Res. 2018;2(6):55–61.

Abstract: Lateral epicondylitis, or "tennis elbow," is a frequently diagnosed condition and a common cause of pain around elbow joint. The complaint is characterized by pain over the lateral epicondyle of the humerus, which is aggravated with resisted dorsiflexion of the wrist. The incidence is approximately 4 to 7 per 1000 patients per year . Lesion can be in common extensor tendon, extensor Carpi radialis brevis (ECRB), or radial collateral ligament but most commonly extensor Carpi radialis brevis (ECRB) is involved . Repeated tendon overuse leads to micro tear in tendon when stretch exceeds physiological limit of the tissue. There is ongoing inflammatory process besides change in complex tendon structure. Generation of pain may be due to irritation of mechanoreceptors by traction or shear.....

[1]. Cyriax JH. The pathology and treatment of tennis elbow. J Bone and Joint Surg 1936 Oct;18(4):921-940.
[2]. Scott A, Khan KM, Roberts CR, Cook JL, Duronio V. What do we mean by the term "inflammation"? A contemporary basic science update for sports medicine. Br J Sports Med 2004 Jun 1; 38(3):372-380.
[3]. Emilo Lopez Vidriero, Krista A. Goulding, David A. Simon, Mikel Sanchez and Donald H. Johnson. The Use of Platelet-Rich Plasma in Arthroscopy and Sports Medicine: Optimizing the Healing Environment. The Journal of Arthroscopic and Related Surgery 2010; Vol 26, No 2 (February): 269-278.
[4]. Anitua E, Andia I, Sanchez M, Azofra J, del Mar Zalduendo M, de la Fuente M, Nurden P, Nurden AT. Autologous preparations rich in growth factors promote proliferation and induce VEGF and HGF production by human tendon cells in culture. J Orthop Res 2005 Mar;23(2):281-286.
[5]. De Mos M, van Windt AE, Jahr H, van Schie HT, Weinans H, Verhaar JA, Van Osch GJ. Can platelet rich plasma enhance tendon repair: a cell culture study. Am J Sports Med 2008 Jun;36(6):1171-1178.

Abstract: Background: Pregnant women have a variety of physiological changes, including adjustments to their immunological, haematological, cardiovascular, and hormone systems. Previous studies have documented some physiological ocular changes such as in CCT, corneal curvature, IOP, corneal sensitivity, aqueous humour outflow, refractive changes, and allergies. Corneal sensitivity, IOP and CCT during pregnancy have been the subject of studies, however the information is localised and limited, and no meta-analysis has been recently published in Indian population, therefore this study was conducted. Materials and methods: In a prospective longitudinal study, 60 pregnant women aged 18-35 years were examined for changes in CCT, corneal sensitivity.......

Key words: Central corneal thickness, intraocular pressure, corneal sensitivity, pregnancy, hormonal changes.

[1]. Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development. 19 December 2013.
[2]. Gao F, Miller JP, Miglior S, Beiser JA, Torri V, Kass MA, Gordon MO. The effect of changes in intraocular pressure on the risk of primary open angle glaucoma in patients with ocular hypertension: an application of latent class analysis. BMC Med Res Methodol 2012;12:151.
[3]. Aghaian E, Choe JE, Lin S, Stamper RL. Central corneal thickness of Caucasians, Chinese, Hispanics, Filipinos, African Americans, and Japanese in a glaucoma clinic. Ophthalmology 2004;111(12):2211-2219.
[4]. Nwachukwu NZ, Okoye OI, Okoye O, Eze CC, Nwachukwu DC, Nwagha UI, Umeh RE. Relationship between corneal biomechanical properties among pregnant women in a tertiary hospital in Nigeria. Niger J Clin Pract. 2018 Aug;21(8):993-999. doi: 10.4103/njcp.njcp_381_17. PMID: 30074000.
[5]. Mehdizadehkashi K, Chaichian S, Mehdizadehkashi A, Jafarzadepour E, Tamannaie Z, Moazzami B, et al. Visual acuity changes during pregnancy and postpartum: A cross-sectional study in Iran. J Pregnancy 2014;2014:675792.

Abstract: Background:On comparison, red blood cell count and haemoglobin concentrations in four distinct ABO blood groups produced inconsistent findings. The goal of the current study was to examine potential variations in haemoglobin content and red blood cell counts among undergraduate medical students of the four ABO blood groups. Materials and Methods:A total of 97 students were recruited for this study. The study group consisted of 39 males and 58 females. A red blood cell count was done using Neubauer's hemocytometer, and Sahli's method was used to estimate haemoglobin levels. The blood groups of the subjects were determined using the slide method. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS software version 22......

Key words: ABO blood groups, Haemoglobin, Red blood cells

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Abstract: Congenital tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF) results from the failure of lateral septation on the digestive and respiratory tracts during the embryonic stage of development. TEF is usually diagnosed during infancy, because >98% of patients with TEF are associated with atresia of the esophagus which may have potential life-threatening complications. The isolated fistula without esophageal atresia, termed as H-type, accounts for approximately 4% of tracheoesophageal malformations. Early diagnosis of H-type TEF can be difficult because of nonspecific symptoms. Recurrent respiratory tract infections and chronic cough with unexplained etiology should alert physicians for this diagnosis.

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Abstract: Adipose tissue is lipid storage organ. Lipogenesis and Lipolysis plays an important role in its metabolism. The triglycerides either carried as chylomicrons or endogenous triglycerides packaged as Very Low Density Lipoprotein (VLDL) are acted upon by the enzyme lipoprotein lipase to release fatty acids which are taken by the AT and stored as triglycerides. The uptake and release of fatty acids by the adipose tissue is regulated by LPL and the vasculature of AT.

Key words: Adipose tissue, lipoprotein lipase (LPL), Chylomicrons, VLDL

[1]. Frayn KN. Adipose tissue as a buffer for daily lipid flux. Diabetologia 2002;45(9):1201-1210.
[2]. Arner P, Bernard S, Salehpour M, et al. Dynamics of human adipose lipid turnover in health and metabolic disease. Nature. 2011; 478(7367):110-113.
[3]. Arner P, Bernard S, Appelsved L, et al. Adipose lipid turnover and long-term changes in body weight. Nat Med. 2019;25(9):1385-1389.
[4]. Yucel N, Arany Z. Fat, obesity, and the endothelium.Curr Opin Physiol. 2019;12:44-50.
[5]. Mann JP, Savage DB. What lipodystrophies teach us about the metabolic syndrome.J Clin Invest. 2019;129(10):4009-4021

Abstract: Background: Smart Nano-biomaterials have been introduced aiming to remineralize lost dental tissues with biologically similar ones adopting the concept of minimally invasive dentistry. Novel Self-Assembling Peptide and Synthetic Nanohydroxyapatite are introduced as a biomimetic approach in guided enamel regeneration.
Aim: The aim of this study is to assess the remineralizing potential and orientation of enamel prisms formed in primary teeth following the use of Self-Assembling Peptide and Synthetic Nanohydroxyapatite in vitro and their effect in combination with CPP-ACPF and SDF using SEM.......

Key words: Enamel regeneration, Biomimetic remineralization, Self-Assembling Peptide, Synthetic Nanohydroxyapatite, CPP-ACPF, SDF

[1]. Haorong Wang, Zuohui Xiao, Jie Yang, et al. Oriented and ordered biomimetic remineralization of the surface of demineralized dental enamel using HAP@ACP nanoparticles guided by glycine. Scientific Report2017; 7:40701.
[2]. Jingarwar MM, Bajwa NK, Pathak A. Minimal Intervention Dentistry - A New Frontier in clinical Dentistry. Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research. 2014; 8(7):ZE04-ZE08. [3]. El Gezawi M, Wölfle UC, Haridy R, Fliefel R, Kaisarly. Remineralization, Regeneration, and Repair of Natural Tooth Structure: Influences on the Future of Restorative Dentistry Practice. ACS Biomater Sci Eng. 2019 Oct 14;5(10):4899-4919.
[4]. Kirkham J, Firth A, Vernals D, Boden N, Robinson C, Shore RC, Brookes SJ, Aggeli A: Self-assembling peptide scaffolds promote enamel remineralization. J Dent Res 2007;86:426– 430.
[5]. Kind L, Stevanovic S, Wuttig S, Wimberger S, Hofer J, Muller B, Pieles U: Biomimetic remineralization of carious lesions by self-assembling peptide. J Dent Res 2017;96:790–797.

Abstract: Background: Modern day surgeons often need to plan appropriate management and resource allocation for patients undergoing surgery. There and many objective scores to help them decide plan of management in post-operative period depending on patients' condition. Surgical Apgar Score (SAS) developed by Gawande et al is a simple tool based on easily accessible intraoperative parameters which helps in predicting complications in surgical patients.......

Key words: Surgical Apgar score; post-operative; complications

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Abstract: Teaching is one of the most accomplished professions of every nation. It influences the life of every student and lays the foundation for a right academic journey. It is said that a teacher makes around 1500 decisions per day related to curriculum, instructional methods, feedback, assessment and reflection. Yet the teaching is devalued in higher education with laying emphasis on research. It is said that strength inhigher education teaching is a critical element in ensuring strength in the sector as a whole. Quality teaching involves the student experience, graduate outcomes and employer satisfaction. The university needs to commit itself on

[1]. Sheriff D.S. A farewell party to a medical teacher. Amer J Med 1991 : 90:621-622.
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Abstract: Background: In India, one of the most important causes of preventable blindness is uncorrected refractive errors followed by cataract, glaucoma, corneal opacities and posterior segment pathologies. Keeping in view the paucity of data regarding morbidity profile of ocular disorders in peripheral health setting of J and K, the present study was conducted with the objective to study the socio-demographic and morbidity profile of patients visiting an ophthalmology clinic in the field practice area of Government Medical College Anantnag......

Key words: ocular , morbidity, area, Kashmir.

[1]. Mahesh D, Gauri S, Nabin P, Niraj J, Madhu, T et al.Visual status and ocular morbidity in older adults living in residential care. Graefe's Archive of Clinical & Experimental Ophthalmology.2012; 250:1387.
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[4]. Cacodcar JA, Usgaonkar U, Raiturcar TP. A clinical profile of ocular morbidities at a rural health and training centre in. Int J Community Med Public Health. 2018 Jul;5(7):3012-3015 http://www.ijcmph.com.
[5]. Bharadwaj M et al. A hospital based eye health survey to see the pattern of eye diseases in Uttarakhand, India. Int J Res Med Sci. 2017 Feb;5(2):548-550.

Abstract: La pancréatite aiguë hypertriglycéridémique (PAHTG) se manifeste généralement chez des patients souffrant de dyslipidémie sous-jacente et peut être déclenchée par des affections secondaires telles qu'un diabète déséquilibré, une intoxication éthylique chronique ou la période gestationnelle. Bien que les symptômes de la PAHTG soient similaires à ceux d'autres types de pancréatite aiguë, la PAHTG est souvent associée à une plus grande sévérité clinique et à un taux de complications plus élevés. Par conséquent, un diagnostic précis est essentiel pour administrer aux patients le traitement le plus approprié et prévenir la récurrence de la maladie. Notre étude vise à souligner l'importance de reconnaitre l'hypertriglycéridémie sévère comme une cause sous-estimée de la pancréatite aigüe grave. A cet effet, nous présentons deux cas cliniques de patients ayant développé une PAHTG, afin de sensibiliser à cette problématique souvent sous-estimée.

Key words: Hypertriglycéridémie ; pancréatite aigue ; pancréatite aiguë hypertriglycéridémique.

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