iosr-JDMS   Volume-22 ~ Issue-5 ~ May 2023

Abstract: Introduction: Rectus sheath catheters (RSCs) are increasingly being used to provide postoperative analgesia following midline laparotomy incision. They can be potentially better as they avoid the recognised complications associated with Epidural Analgesia (EA). This study compares these two methods of analgesia. Outcomes include average pain scores, time to mobilisation and length of stay. Methods: This was a 14-month single centre observational study including all patients undergoing midline laparotomy incision for both benign and malignant disease. Patients received either EA or RSCs. Data were collected prospectively and analysed.......

Key words: Analgesia, Epidural, Rectus sheath catheter, Laparotomy

[1]. Brennan F, Carr DB, Cousins M. Pain management: a fundamental human right. Anesth Analg. 2007 Jul; 105(1):205-21.
[2]. Joris J, Thiry E, Paris P, Weerts J, Lamy M. Pain after laparoscopic cholecystectomy: characteristics and effect of intraperitoneal bupivacaine. Anesth Analg 1995; 81:379–384.
[3]. Khorgami Z, Shoar S, Hosseini Araghi N, Mollahosseini F, Nasiri S, Ghaffari MH et al. Randomized clinical trial of subcutaneous versus interfascial bupivacaine for pain control after midline laparotomy. Br J Surg 2013; 100:743–748.
[4]. Rawal N. Current issues in postoperative pain management. Eur J Anaesthesiol. 2016; 33(3):160-71.
[5]. Gustafsson UO, Hausel J, Thorell A, Ljungqvist O, Soop M, Nygren J et al. Adherence to the enhanced recovery after surgery protocol and outcomes after colorectal cancer surgery. Arch Surg, 2011; 146:571–577

Abstract: La sarcoïdose est une affection systémique d'étiologie inconnue caractérisée par la formation de granulomes dans les organes atteints. Les lésions pulmonaires apparaissent souvent chez les patients atteints de la sarcoïdose, elles se présentent typiquement comme des nodules péri lymphatiques, un épaississent du septum interlobulaire et des opacités périhilaires bilatérales. Cependant, l'aspect de miliaire est rare. La sarcoïdose peut se manifester par une splénomégalique le plus souvent de taille modérée mais la forme multinodulaire est rare. Nous rapportons le cas d'un jeune homme de 26 ans atteint d'une sarcoïdose miliaire associée à une splénomégalie multiloculaire. Une corticothérapie a été instaurée avec bonne amélioration.

Key Word: sarcoïdose, miliaire, splénomégalie, corticothérapie.

[1]. Criado E, Sanchez M, Ramirez J, Arguis P, de Caralt TM, Perea RJ, et al. Pulmonary sarcoidosis: typical and atypical manifestations at high-resolution CT with pathologic correlation. Radiographics : a review publication of the Radiological Society of North America, Inc. 2010;30(6):1567-86. Epub 2010/11/13. doi: 10.1148/rg.306105512. PubMed PMID: 21071376.
[2]. Schwartz A, Paleiron N, Quinquenel ML, Peycru T, Rault A, Dufau JP. Rate pseu- dotumorale révélatrice de sarcoïdose. Rev Mal Respir 2010;27:515–9.
[3]. Madaule S, Lauque D, Sailler L, Arlet P, Carles P. Les splénomégalies sarcoïdosiques: caractéristiques cliniques et évolutives. A propos de 17 observations [Splenomegaly in sarcoidosis: clinical features and outcome. Analysis of 17 cases]. Rev Med Interne. 2004 May;25(5):348-56. French. doi: 10.1016/j.revmed.2003.11.007. PMID: 15110952.
[4]. H. Elloumi a,∗, S. Marzouk b, N. Tahri c, Z. Bahloul b, M.M. Azouz , Sarcoïdose et atteinte hépatique : étude de 25 cas, La Revue de médecine interne 33 (2012) 607–614
[5]. Rajagopala S, Sankari S, Kancherla R, Ramanathan RP, Balalakshmoji D. Miliary Sarcoidosis: does it exist? A case series and systematic review of literature. Sarcoidosis Vasc Diffuse Lung Dis. 2020;37(1):53-65. doi: 10.36141/svdld.v37i1.7837. Epub 2020 Mar 15. PMID: 33093769; PMCID: PMC7569537.

Abstract: Background : COVID 19 Pandemic hit hard and affected all strata of population. Despite awareness sessions and webinars public awareness at its peak is yet to be. Topics such as vaccinations first was stigma then became a life saver. Media and public frenzy disrupted a smooth flow. Rabies vaccination if taken then covid vaccination had to be delayed and remained a second priority. The vaccinators, Health care workers had a tough time explaining general population on it. There was also a uproar in front of covid vaccine clinics for issues on prioritisation of rabies vaccinations. Finally IEC sessions were held amongdoctors and nursing staff and general public.Though behaviour change.....

[1]. Dadaczynski K, et al. Digital health literacy and web-based information-seeking behaviors of university students in Germany during the COVID-19 pandemic: cross-sectional survey study. J Med Internet Res 2021; 23: e24097.
[2]. Berkman ND, Davis TC and McCormack L. Health literacy: what is it? J Health Commun 2010; 15: 9–19.
[3]. Patil U, et al. Health literacy, digital health literacy, and COVID-19 pandemic attitudes and behaviors in U.S. College students: implications for interventions. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021; 18: 3301
[4]. Cinelli M, et al. The COVID-19 social media infodemic. Sci Rep 2020; 10: 16598
[5]. WHO. Infodemic, https://www.who.int/health-topics/infodemic#tab=tab_1 (2020)

Abstract: AIM: To compare ocular blood flow parameters in Type 2 diabetic patients using the Color Doppler sonography and correlate it with the progression of Diabetic Retinopathy. METHODS: 120 diabetic patients, 27 of whom had no evidence of Diabetic Retinopathy and the rest had different grades of Retinopathy were assessed using Colour Doppler imaging to evaluate the ocular blood flow in the retrobulbar circulation at first presentation and after six months. Peak Systolic Velocity, End Diastolic Velocity and Resistive Index were recorded in the Ophthalmic Artery and the Central Retinal Artery. RESULTS: The baseline......

Key words: Retrobulbar arterial circulation, Diabetic retinopathy, Color Doppler imaging

[1]. Wilkinson CP, Ferris III FL, Klein RE, Lee PP, Agardh CD, Davis M, Dills D, Kampik A, Pararajasegaram R, Verdaguer JT, Group GD. Proposed international clinical diabetic retinopathy and diabetic macular edema disease severity scales. Ophthalmology. 2003 Sep 1;110(9):1677-82.
[2]. Dimitrova G, Kato S, Yamashita H, Tamaki Y, Nagahara M, Fukushima H, et al. Relation between retrobulbar circulation and progression of diabetic retinopathy. British journal of ophthalmology. 2003 May 1;87(5):622-5.
[3]. Sood S, Narang S, Kocchhar S, Sarda S, Aggarwal S, Arya SK. Correlation of progression of diabetic retinopathy with the alterations in retrobulbar circulation. Nepalese Journal of Ophthalmology. 2013 Sep 23;5(2):147-53.
[4]. Sullu Y, Hamidova R, Beden U, Yakupov K, Canbaz S, Danaci M. Effects of pars plana vitrectomy on retrobulbar haemodynamics in diabetic retinopathy. Clinical & experimental ophthalmology. 2005 Jun;33(3):246-51.
[5]. Neudorfer M, Kessner R, Goldenberg D, Lavie A, Kessler A. Retrobulbar blood flow changes in eyes with diabetic retinopathy: a 10-year follow-up study. Clinical Ophthalmology (Auckland, NZ). 2014;8:2325.

Abstract: Background: Topical oil application for neonates and infants has been a traditional practice in India and many low and middle-income countries. Every year, an estimated 15 million babies are born preterm globally, and over a million die due to complications of prematurity [1]. Premature babies are at an increased risk of a breach in their epithelial skin barrier and are at an increased risk of hypothermia. Topically applied coconut oil could provide a physical barrier and enhance the development of a skin barrier, reducing microorganism invasion and preventing hospital-acquired infection.......

Key words: Preterm; Late onset sepsis; Coconut oil; Low birth weight

[1]. Abubakar I, Tillmann T, Banerjee A. Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific mortality for 240 causes of death, 1990–2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013. Lancet. 2015;385(9963):117–171. pmid:25530442
[2]. Tobias StrunkRoutine Use of Topical Coconut Oil in Extremely Preterm Infants, Neonatology 2019;115:346–347
[3]. Jemma Cleminson, Topical emollient for preventing infection in preterm infants, cochrane review 2016
[4]. Mithun Chandra Konar Effect of Virgin Coconut Oil Application on the Skin of Preterm Newborns: A Randomized Controlled Trial, journal of tropical pediatrics, 2019, doi: 10.1093/tropej/fmz041
[5]. Salam RA, et al. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed 2015;100:F210–F215. doi:10.1136/archdischild-2014-307157

Abstract: Upper gastro-intestinal bleeding is more common than bleeding from lower GI tract. Upper gastro-intestinal bleeding presenting due to Mallory - Weiss tear with hiatus hernia is a rare entity. A 57-year-old gentleman with premorbid condition of gastritis and acute coronary syndrome on aspirin therapy presented with 5-10 episodes of hematemesis and severe epigastric pain. Gastroscopy revealed Mallory - Weiss tear in the stomach with hiatus hernia and minimal blood clots. This case reports on the association of Mallory - Weiss tear with hiatus hernia and its unusual presentation in an acute coronary syndrome patient as well as assessing the disease with risk scoring methods. This case is reported for the first time from Malaysia.

Key words: Acute coronary syndrome; Hiatus hernia; Mallory - Weiss tear; UGIB.

[1]. Longstreth GF. Epidemiology of Hospitalization for Acute Upper Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage: A Population-Based Study. Am J
[2]. Gastroenterol. 1995;90(2):206-210.
[3]. Rahul S K, Sanjeev K, Brian R Davidson. The Liver. In: Williams NS, Bulstrode CJK and Ronan O'Connell P (Ed), Bailey and Love's
[4]. Short Practice of Surgery 26th edition. CRC Press: Boca Raton, London. 2013: 1085-86.
[5]. Cheng JLS, Gunn A, Menon J, Arokiasamy J, Ong P, Loong SY, Oommen G, Damodaran A. Aetiology of Acute Upper Gastrointestinal

Abstract: Background: Polyamide termoplastic material (nylon) is one of the non metallic material that is frequently used as the removable partial denture base due to its flexibility, aesthetic, comfort and higher flexural and impact strength. However, high water sorption has been recognised as a problem that effects dimensional and colour stability, causes surface roughness after a few weeks of wear and the induction candida growth. Recently, polyetheretherketone (PEEK) has been introduced as a denture base material due to its low elasticity modulus close to the bone, low water sorption and water solubility. The purpose of this literature review is to know the role of polyetheretherketone (PEEK) material as an alternative of denture base in terms of water sorption and water solubility.......

Key words: Polyamide nylon, Polyetheretherketone, Water sorption, Water solubility

[1]. Sari N M G A W, Fardaniah S, Masulili C. Color changing in denture base polyamide 12 and polyamide microcrystalline after polishing inlaboratory and dental clinic. 2017:1-6.
[2]. Kurtz SM. PEEK biomaterials handbook. Philadelphia. Elsevier 2012. 1-3.
[3]. ISO 1567. Dentistry- Denture base polymers. Ed 3rd. 1999. fd
[4]. Kohli S, Bhatia S. Polyamides in dentistry. International Journal of Scientific Study 2013;1(1):20-5.
[5]. Vivek R. Polyamides as denture base material-a review. IOSR-JDMS 2016;15(12):11-21.

Abstract: Valsalva Retinopathy is a rare clinical entity presenting as sudden,painless diminution of vision resulting from raised venous pressure causing rupture of retinal capillaries mainly affecting young male population who are otherwise healthy.This report describes a case of a 21 year old young male who presented to our hospital with sudden and painless loss of vision in his right eye, 2 days after an episode of vomiting with no significant past family or medication history.Dilated fundus examination revealed a large subhyaloid hemorrhage for which the patient was treated conservatively and followed up after 3 weeks. Surgical intervention was considered by performing a 25 gauge pars plana vitrectomy after an unsuccessful attempt of Nd Yag hyaloidotomy.TPPV was then performed which revealed a sub-ILM hemorrhage for which ILM peeling was done with subsequent drainage of the hemorrhage. Patient had significant resolution of the hemorrhage and improvement of visual acuity to 6/9 postoperatively at the end of 4 weeks.

Key words: valsalva retinopathy,pars plana vitrectomy,subhyaloid hemorrhage,sub-ILM hemorrhage

[1]. T.D. Duane Valsalva hemorrhagic retinopathy Trans. Am. Ophthalmol. Soc., 70 (1972), pp. 298-313 PMID: 4663671; PMCID: PMC1310456
[2]. Waikar S, Srivastava VK. Valsalva retinopathy in a young healthy individual. Med J Armed Forces India. 2013;69((2)):193–195.
[3]. Durukan AH, Kerimoglu H, Erdurman C, Demirel A, Karagul S. Long-term results of Nd:YAG laser treatment for premacular subhyaloid hemorrhage owing to Valsalva retinopathy. Eye. 2008;22((2)):214–218
[4]. Garcia-Fernandez, Castro-Navarro J, Gonzalez-CastanoC. Long Term evolution of Valsalva retinopathy: a case
series. Journal of Medical Case Reports (2012)6,346.
[5]. Kannan B, Balaji V, Kummararaj S, Kummararaj G. Valsalva hemorrhagic retinopathy. Asian J Ophthalmol. 2011;13((1)):22–3.

Abstract: Diagnosis of bone tumors is a challenge. Radiography and bone scintigraphy are the initial imaging examinations. The application of STAMPS namely- S for Site, T for Transitional zone, A for Age and Aggressive nature, M for matrix mineralisation, P for Periosteal reaction and S for Soft tissue changes helps in analysing imaging findings of bone tumors and diagnose certain tumors and may suggest that a lesion may be benign or malignant. Sometimes it can narrow down differentials with suggestion further cross-sectional imaging.

[1]. Baena Ocampo LC, Ramirez-Perez E, Linares- Gonzalez LM, Delgado-Chavez Epidemiology of bone tumors in Mexico City: Retrospective clinicopathologic study of 566 patients at referral institution. Ann Diagn Pathol,2009;13 :16-21
[2]. Sunil K Vatukiya, Bhautik Kapadia. Radio Imaging Evaluation of Primary bone Tumors and Tumor like Lesions. Asian Journal of Medical Research 2020; 8,
[3]. Nidhi Varma, Amit Tyagi et al. Incidence of bone tumors and tumor lie lesions at tertiary centre-a study of 64 cases. International Journal of Research in Medical Science. 2018; 6(2)
[4]. Dorfman HD, Czerniak B, Bone cancers. Cancer 1995:75:203-10.
[5]. Hayashida Y, Hirai Y, Yakushiji T, Katahira K et al, Evaluation of diffusion-weighted imaging for the differential diagnosis of poorly contrast enhanced and T2 prolonged bone masses: Initial experience. J Magn Reson Imaging 2006:23:377-82.

Abstract:Background- Lymph node metastasis has been one of the most prognostic markers of the carcinoma breast. Search for a marker to predict the metastasis to lymph nodes in clinically negative axilla has been a matter of research for long. The aim of study was to determine the association of D-dimer value as a predictive marker of lymph node metastasis in breast cancer and to correlate D-Dimer levels with the staging of breast cancer. Methods - A prospective study was conducted in the Department of general surgery at SMS medical college and attached hospital in Jaipur (INDIA), from December 2021 to November 2022. The study uses clinical staging, histopathological diagnosis & grading, and axillary lymph node metastasis as variables........

[1]. D. Cabuk, G. Basaran, M. Teomete, et al., Clinical outcome of Turkish metastaticbreast cancer patients with currently available treatment modalities–single centerexperience, Asian Pac. J. Cancer Prev. APJCP 15 (2014) 117–122.
[2]. K. Turgut, Y. Birsen, B. Seher, M.M. Celasun, N. Seker, Babacan, The prognosticvalue of high pretreatment plasma d-dimer levels in nonmetastatic breast cancerpatients with absence of venous thromboembolism, Int. J. Hematol. Oncol. 26 (3)(2016).
[3]. H.F. Dvorak, L.F. Brown, M. Detmar, et al., Vascular permeability factor/vascularendothelial growth factor, microvascular hyperpermeability, and angiogenesis, Am.J. Pathol. 146 (1995) 1029–1039.
[4]. L. Knowlson, S. Bacchu, S. Paneesha, et al., Elevated D-dimers are also a marker ofunderlying malignancy and increased mortality in the absence of venous throm-boembolism, J. Clin. Pathol. 63 (2010) 818–822.
[5]. Falanga, F.R. Rickles, Pathophysiology of the thrombophilic state in cancer pa-tient, Semin. Thromb. Hemost. 25 (1999) 173–182.

Abstract: Background: Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease resulting from lack of insulin secretions, reduced insulin sensitivity, or both. Type 2 diabetes is the most common type affecting various structures of the body. Evolving problem associated with this condition is Kinesiophobia resulting from a feeling of vulnerability due to painful injury or re – injury". The present study was about Significance of retro walking along with foam based balance exercises on Kinesiophobia and Quality of Life among individuals with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.......

Key words: Retro-walking, Foam-based balance exercises, kinesiophobia, Quality of Life, Tampa Scale & QOLID questionnaire.

[1]. Ogurtsova K, da Rocha Fernandes J, Huang Y, Linnenkamp U, Guariguata L, Cho N, Makaroff L:"Global estimates for the prevalence of diabetes for 2015 and 2040". Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice, 128, 40–50(2017).
[2]. World Health Organizations (WHO):diabetes/ factsheets, N/FS (definition). Volume-312 (August2013).
[3]. Scheider SH, Amorosa LF, Khachadurian AK, Ruderman NB: "Studies on Mechanism of improved glucose control during regular exercise in type 2 (non - insulin dependent) diabetes". Diabetologia, 26; 355- 360 (1984).
[4]. Lauder KG, et al: "Ankle muscle activation when using the both sides utilized balance trainer": the journal of strength and conditioning research 24(1), 218-222, 2010.
[5]. Yaggie JA and Campheel, bm (2006): "Effects of balance training on selected skills". J strength cond Res 20: 422- 428.