iosr-JDMS   Volume-22 ~ Issue-5 ~ May 2023

Abstract: Background: Sepsis is a complex clinical state that accompanies severe infection and is marked by extensive organ dysfunction. Sepsis is a primary justification for admission to the intensive care unit (ICU) and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality rates. Both CRP and Albumin are commonly available and inexpensive assays in all hospitals, particularly critical care units, and are well established biomarkers in sepsis patients. By measuring the ratio of CRP to Albumin, it is possible to predict the mortality risk of sepsis patients and provide earlier intensive care for these patients......

Keywords: CRP : Albumin ratio, Sepsis, Mortality predictor

[1]. Singer M, Deutschman CS, Seymour CW, Shankar Hari M, Annane D, Bauer M, et al. The Third International Consensus Definitions for Sepsis and Septic Shock (Sepsis 3). JAMA. 2016 Feb 23;315(8):801 10.
[2]. Kim MH, Ahn JY, Song JE, Choi H, Ann HW, Kim JK, et al. The C-reactive protein/albumin ratio as an independent predictor of mortality in patients with severe sepsis or septic shock treated with early goal-directed therapy. PLoS One. 2015 Jul 9;10(7)
[3]. T. HB, V. SS, A. R. C reactive protein/albumin ratio as a predictor of 28 day mortality in patients with sepsis. Int J Res Med Sci. 2020 Jan 27;8(2):503.
[4]. Ranzani OT, Zampieri FG, Forte DN, Azevedo LCP, Park M. C Reactive Protein/Albumin Ratio Predicts 90 Day Mortality of Septic Patients. PLoS One. 2013;8(3).
[5]. Oh TK, Song IA, Lee JH. Clinical usefulness of C reactive protein to albumin ratio in predicting 30 day mortality in critically ill patients: A retrospective analysis. Sci Rep. 2018 Dec 1;8(1)

Abstract: Denture adhesives are commonly used by individuals who wear dentures to enhance stability and retention. However, the effectiveness and safety of these products are dependent on several factors, including the type of adhesive, the individual's oral health status, and the fit of the denture. As dental professionals, dentists play a crucial role in educating their patients on the proper use and selection of denture adhesives. They are also responsible for evaluating the fit and function of dentures and addressing any issues that may arise from the use of adhesives. This abstract highlights the importance of dentists' knowledge of denture adhesives in promoting optimal oral health outcomes for their patients with dentures. The review aimed to evaluate the current knowledge of dentists regarding denture adhesives......

Keywords: Dental students, Denture adhesives, Dentist

[1]. Hirsch, B., B. Levin, and N. Tiber, Effects of patient involvement and esthetic preference on denture acceptance. J Prosthet Dent, 1972. 28(2): p. 127-32.
[2]. Bell, D.H., Jr., Prosthodontic failures related to improper patient education and lack of patient acceptance. Dent Clin North Am, 1972. 16(1): p. 109-18.
[3]. Pound, E., Achieving patient acceptance to immediate denture service. J Am Dent Assoc, 1963. 66: p. 795-802.
[4]. Ozturk, G., [Denture adhesive]. Dentoral (Istanbul), 1972. 4(15): p. 128-32.
[5]. Atassi, M., et al., A randomized clinical study to evaluate the effect of denture adhesive application technique on food particle accumulation under dentures. Clin Exp Dent Res, 2019. 5(4): p. 316-325.

Abstract:AIM: To Compare Anterior Chamber Depths In Various Subtypes Of Primary Ang6le Closure Disease Using Optical Biometry METHODS: 40 Primary Angle Closure Disease (PACD) Cases Were Enrolled; 16 Primary Angle Closure Suspects (PACS), 15 Primary Angle Closure (PAC) And 9 Primary Angle Closure Glaucoma (PACG). Anterior Chamber Depth (ACD) Measured Using Optical Biometry. RESULTS: ACD Found To Be Shallower In PACD Than Normal Population. The ACD In PACS, PAC, PACG Were 2.17 ± 0.09mm, 2.06 ± 0.11 Mm And 2.30 ± 0.20 Respectively, Suggesting Predictability Of ACD In Subtypes As Suggested By Significant P-Value Using One-Way ANOVA Test Keeping 5% Level Of Significance. CONCLUSION: Thus, ACD Values Can Aid In Identifying At-Risk Groups Of PACD And Also Significant Association In ACD Values Exist Between PAC Vs PACG.

Keywords: Primary Angle Closure Disease, Optical Biometry, Anterior Chamber Depth.

[1]. Thylefors B, Negrel AD, Pararajasegaram R, Dadzie KY. Global data on blindness. Bulletin of the world health organization. 1995;73(1):115.
[2]. Quigley HA, Broman AT. The number of people with glaucoma worldwide in 2010 and 2020. British journal of ophthalmology. 2006 Mar 1;90(3):262-7.
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[5]. Congdon NG, Quigley HA, Hung PT. Screening techniques for angle-closure glaucoma in rural Taiwan. ActaOphthalmolScand 1996;74:113–9.

Abstract: Background : the study was aimed to estimate the association of platelet to lymphocyte ratio with duration of hospital stay post-peptic ulcer perforation repair and determine the utility of platelet to lymphocyte ratio as a biomarker in predicting duration of hospital stay post peptic ulcer perforation repair. There are very few studies done on the subject. Methods : This is a prospective observational study conducted between 2021 to 2022 at S.M.S. Medical college, Rajasthan. Preoperative blood samples were collected from 75 patients presenting with peptic perforation to calculate the platelet to lymphocyte ratio......

[1]. Wjes Lanas A, Chan FKL. Peptic ulcer disease. Lancet. 2017;390:613–24.
[2]. Soreide K, Thorsen K, Soreide JA. Strategies to improve the outcome of emergency surgery for perforated peptic ulcer. Br J Surg. 2014;101:e51–64.
[3]. Thorsen K, Glomsaker TB, et al. Trends in diagnosis and surgical management of patients with perforated peptic ulcer. Gastrointest Surg. 2011;15:1329–35.
[4]. Suriya C, Kasatpibal N, Kunaviktikul W, Kayee T. Diagnostic indicators for peptic ulcer perforation at a tertiary care hospital in Thailand. Clin Exp Gastroenterol. 2011;4:283–9.
[5]. Malhotra AK, Fabian TC, Katsis SB, Gavant ML, Croce MA. Blunt Bowel and Mesenteric Injuries: The Role of Screening Computed Tomography. J Trauma. 2000;48:991–1000

Abstract:Background:Adenomatoid tumor is a benign tumor occurs in the fallopian tube and uterus in the females and epididymis, spermatic cord in males. Leiomyoadenomatoid tumor is a rare variant of adenomatoid tumor and usually an incidental finding in uterus. Case report: A 47-year-old postmenopausal woman presented with per vaginal spotting and underwent hysterectomy with bilateral salphingo-oopherectomy based on ultrasonographic finding of 5cm size solid mass in the left uterine wall. Gross diagnosis of sub serosal fibroid was made which turned out to be a leiomyoadenomatoid tumor of uterus microscopically and was confirmed by immunohistochemistry. Conclusion: This rare variant of leiomyoadenomatoid tumor is reported here for highlighting the dual differentiation nature of the tumor and uncertainity of histiogenesis.

Keywords: Adenomatoid tumor, Uterus, Leiomyoma, Mesothelial tumor

[1]. Adorno et al. Leiomyoadenomatoid tumor of uterus: two case reports with literature review. Surgical and experimental pathology; 2021. 4-5
[2]. Bahuguna gauri, Misra deepti, Malhotra veena, Sinha alka. Multicentricleiomyoadenomatoid tumor of the uterus: a rare and distinct morphological entity. The journal of obstetrics and gynecology of India; 2014. 152-153
[3]. Nakayama H, Teramoto H, Teramoto M. True incidence of uterine adenomatoid tumors. Biomed Rep. 2013; 1(3): 352-354.
[4]. Golden A, Ash JE. Adenomatoid tumors of genital tract. Am J Pathol.1945;21:63-79.
[5]. Ranjan richa et al. Uterine adenomatoid tumors: A study of five cases including three cases of the rare leiomyoadenomatoid variant. The Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology of India. 2015. 65(4):255–258

Abstract: Background: Individuals who have diabetes are at an increased risk for several microvascular and macrovascular issues, including the well-known microvascular condition diabetic retinopathy (DR). Those who have diabetes have an increased risk for a variety of cardiovascular and vascular disorders. Aim: Therefore, the aim of this study is to study serum zinc, magnesium, and Interleukin (IL-5) in diabetic retinopathy. Materials & methods: After institutional ethical committee approval, researchers would proceed. Participants gave informed permission before the trial. 100 diabetic retinopathy patients and 100 healthy controls participated. Indore's Index Medical College & Research Centre.....

[1]. Doddigarla Z, Parwez I, Abidi S, Ahmad J. Effect of Melatonin and Chromium Picolinate Administration to High Carbohydrate Diet-Fed Male Wistar Rats. J Mol Genet Med. 2017;11(245):1747-0862.
[2]. Eid S, Sas KM, Abcouwer SF, Feldman EL, Gardner TW, Pennathur S, Fort PE. New insights into the mechanisms of diabetic complications: role of lipids and lipid metabolism. Diabetologia. 2019 Sep 1;62:1539-49.
[3]. Zhou Y, Wang C, Shi K, Yin X. Relationship between dyslipidemia and diabetic retinopathy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine. 2018 Sep;97(36).
[4]. Srinivasan S, Raman R, Kulothungan V, Swaminathan G, Sharma T. Influence of serum lipids on the incidence and progression of diabetic retinopathy and macular oedema: Sankara Nethralaya Diabetic Retinopathy Epidemiology And Molecular genetics Study‐II. Clinical & experimental ophthalmology. 2017 Dec;45(9):894-900.
[5]. Ioannidou E, Tseriotis VS, Tziomalos K. Role of lipid-lowering agents in the management of diabetic retinopathy. World Journal of Diabetes. 2017 Jan 1;8(1):1.

Abstract:The symptoms of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), including sexual dysfunction and lower urinary symptoms (LUTS/BPH), are quite common in older men. The phrase "lower urinary tract symptoms" is often used to refer to all urinary symptoms, including post-micturition, storage, and voiding. Age and cardiovascular comorbidities such as hypertension, heart disease, hypercholesterolemia, and diabetes are the leading predictors of sexual dysfunction. Three factors make up male sexual dysfunction: erectile dysfunction (ED), ejaculatory dysfunction (EjD), and hypoactive desire (HD), sometimes known as loss of desire or diminished desire

[1]. Dutkiewicz S, Skawiński D, Duda W, Duda M. Assessing the Influence of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) on Erectile Dysfunction (ED) among patients in Poland. Cent Eur J Urol [Internet]. 2012 [cited 2023 May 7];65(3):135–8. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3921801/
[2]. Lowe FC. Treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms suggestive of benign prostatic hyperplasia: sexual function. BJU Int. 2005 Jun;95 Suppl 4:12–8.
[3]. Mawji SA, Mkony C, Nyongole O, Msinde P, Mahenda D. Assessment of Erectile Dysfunction in Patients with Benign Prostate Hyperplasia Using the Sexual Function Index at Muhimbili National Hospital, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania [Internet]. medRxiv; 2023 [cited 2023 May 7]. p. 2023.03.06.23286860. Available from: https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2023.03.06.23286860v1
[4]. Bruskewitz RC. Quality of Life and Sexual Function in Patients with Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia. Rev Urol [Internet]. 2003 [cited 2023 May 7];5(2):72–80. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1473005/
[5]. P L, J S. A prospective study of sexual dysfunction in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia. Int Surg J [Internet]. 2018 Feb 26 [cited 2023 May 7];5(3):802–9. Available from: https://www.ijsurgery.com/index.php/isj/article/view/2688

Abstract: Varicocele is an abnormal enlargement of vein of pampiniform plexus vein draining the testis. The upward direction of flow of blood is believed to be maintained by the presence of valves within the veins. Defective valves or compression of the veins by adjacent structures can cause dilatation of the veins of pampiniform plexus leading to formation of varicocele. In the present study, the site of Varicocele, type of infertility among the patients and the sperm count were studied with the effect of Varicocelectomy. The research work was conducted at Al-khoms Teaching Hospital, Libya between January 2013 and December 2014. 20 cases were observed during the study with Varicocele. Varicocelectomy method was undergone with different type of Anaesthetic procedures. After surgery, regular follow-up were done for 1 year including the sperm count analysis......

KEY WORDS: Varicocele, Sperm count, Infertility and Al-khoms teaching hospital.

[1]. Ahmed A and Andrew M (2014) Varicocele and its effect on testosterone: implications for the adolescent. Transl Androl Urol 3(4):413-417.
[2]. Heaton JP (2006) Varicocelectomy, evidence-based medicine and fallibility. Eur Urol. 49: 217–219.
[3]. Hargreave TB (1993) Varicocele- A clinical enigma. Br J Urol. 72: 401-408.
[4]. Kumanov P, Robeva RN and Tomova A (2008) Adolescent varicocele: who is at risk? Pediatrics. 2008; 121: e53– e57.
[5]. Lee JD, Jeng SY and Lee TH (2006) Increased expression of hypoxia inducible factor-1alpha in the internal spermatic vein of patients with varicocele. J Urol. 175: 1045-1048.

Abstract: The increase demand for esthetics has paved way to denture characterisation largely in recent times. In 1952 Wilhelm Zech, a sculptor by profession incorporated something more than geometric designs to artificial teeth based on different personalities, which lead to the concept of characterisation. To simulate the natural appearance of the patient into the denture, modifications can be made in form and colour of the denture base and the teeth. For a natural illusion, changes in tooth arrangement and position, spacing and crowding, tilting, chipping of incisal edges, rotations of teeth, stippling, staining, tinting of the denture base and also dental jewelry can be done. In this article, a clinical technique of denture characterisation has been described along with the laboratory procedure..

KEY WORDS: denture characterization, esthetics, pigmentation, Optiglaze

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Abstract: First case of COVID-19 infection reported in India, on January 30, 2020, in Kerala. WHO declared the novel coronavirus outbreak a Public Health Emergency on January30, 20201. The first case of COVID-19 in Maharashtra was reported on 9 March 20202. First positive Covid-19 case reported in Marathwada region in Aurangabad district on 16th march 20203. On 25th March 2020, the Govt of India declared a country wide lockdown till 31st March, which was extended upto 14th April 2020. This lockdown was further extended to 3rd May, then upto 17th May 2020. This covers 4 phases......

[1]. Dhanalakshmi CY (2022, March 22). More than 40% of the population in India carry tuberculosis infection in their body but only 10% get TB disease: Chief medical officer, National Tuberculosis Institute. Press Information Bureau Mumbai. Retrieved October 18, 2022, from https://pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=1808092
[2]. Ministry of Health & Family Welfare-Government of India. (2020, September 4). Rapid Response Plan to mitigate impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on TB Epidemic and National TB Elimination Program (NTEP) activities in India. Home Central TB Division. Retrieved September 18, 2022, from https://tbcindia.gov.in
[3]. Ministry of Health with Family Welfare. (2017, March). NATIONAL STRATEGIC PLAN FOR TUBERCULOSIS: 2017-25 ELIMINATION BY 2025. Central TB Division, Directorate General of Health Services. Retrieved September 20, 2022, from https://tbcindia.gov.in/WriteReadData/National%20Strategic%20Plan%202017-25.pdf
[4]. Vaman RS, Valamparampil MJ, Ramdas AV, Manoj AT, Varghese B, Joseph F. A confirmed case of COVID-19 among the first three from Kerala, India. Indian J Med Res. 2020;151(5):493-494. doi:10.4103/ijmr.IJMR_2205_20
[5]. Avhad, A. S., Sutar, P. P., Mohite, O. T., & Pawar, V. S. (2020). On the Covid-19 pandemic in Indian state OF Maharashtra: FORECASTING & effect of different parameters. https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.05.23.20111179.

Abstract: This is a prospective study carried out with the aim of documenting clinical experience in the surgical management of posterior horseshoe fistula of cryptoglandular origin using the modified Hanley procedure as a one-stage procedure. In this study, a modified Hanley procedure was used in 25 patients (20 males and 5 females) who had presented with posterior horseshoe anal fistula (mean age 41 years) for the period from February 2020 to December 2022, and the results of surgical outcomes were analyzed. In this procedure, after optimization and anaesthesia, a malleable probe is inserted into the primary fistulous tract and directed towards the posterior.....

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Abstract: The term nanophthalmos is derived from the Greek word "nano" meaning "dwarf," and opthalmos meaning eye. It is a rare condition and results from the developmental arrest of the globe in all dimensions without other major malformations and has a strong genetic basis. Different fundoscopic appearances have been shown in nanophthalmic eyes, including crowded hyperemic discs, pigmentary changes from retinal flecks to bone spicules, bull's eye maculopathy, macular hypoplasia, retinal and macular cysts, and papillomacular folds. We report a rare case of nanopthalmos presenting with midperipheral chorioretinal pigment abnormalities giving a clinical suspicion of multifocal choroiditis.

KEY WORDS: nanophthalmos, hyperopia, retinal flecks, choroiditis

[1]. Yang N, Zhao LL, Liu J, Ma LL, Zhao JS. Nanophthalmos: An Update on the Biological Parameters and Fundus Abnormalities. J Ophthalmol. 2021 Mar 11;2021:8853811.
[2]. Utman S. A. K. Small eyes big problems: is cataract surgery the best option for the nanophthalmic eyes? Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons—Pakistan. 2013;23(9):653–656.
[3]. Seki M., Fukuchi T., Ueda J., et al. Nanophthalmos: quantitative analysis of anterior chamber angle configuration before and after cataract surgery. British Journal of Ophthalmology. 2012;96(8):1108–1116. doi: 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2012-301496.
[4]. Faisal A. A., Kamaruddin M. I., Toda R., Kiuchi Y. Successful recovery from misdirection syndrome in nanophthalmic eyes by performing an anterior vitrectomy through the anterior chamber. International Ophthalmology. 2019;39(2):347–357. doi:
10.1007/s10792-017-0818-6. [.
[5]. Awadalla M. S., Burdon K. P., Souzeau E., et al. Mutation inTMEM98in a large white kindred with autosomal dominant nanophthalmos linked to 17p12-q12. JAMA Ophthalmology. 2014;132(8):970–977. doi: 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2014.946.