iosr-JDMS   Volume-23 ~ Issue-9 ~ September 2024

Abstract: INTRODUCTION: Endometriosis is a benign disorder defined as presence of endometrial glands and stroma outside the normal location. Perineal scar endometriosis, at the episiotomy scar site, is a very rare entity occurring in only about 0.03–0.15%¹ CASE STUDIES: Two cases of episiotomy scar endometriosis in perineum reported in department of obstetrics and gynaecology in Apollo KH hospital at different time period have been discussed in this article.....

[1]. Shanmuga Jayanthan S, Shashikala G, Arathi N. Perineal scar endometriosis. Indian J Radiol Imaging. 2019 Oct-Dec;29(4):457-461. Doi: 10.4103/ijri.IJRI_366_19.
[2]. Cunningham, F.G., Leveno, K.J., Bloom, S.L., Hauth, J.C., Gilstrap III, L.C. and Wenstrom, K.D. (2005) Williams Obstetrics. 22nd Edition, McGraw Hill, New York.
[3]. Foti PV, Farina R, Palmucci S, Vizzini IAA, Libertini N, Coronella M, Spadola S, Caltabiano R, Iraci M, Basile A, Milone P, Cianci A, Ettorre GC. Endometriosis: clinical features, MR imaging findings and pathologic correlation. Insights Imaging. 2018 Apr;9(2):149-172. Doi: 10.1007/s13244-017-0591-0.

Abstract: Background: Ectopic pregnancy is not an uncommon condition and is potentially a life-threatening emergency. There is a rising trend in incidence which necessitates the gynecologists to have comprehensive knowledge about the disease. Aim of the study: To determine the incidence, risk factors, clinical features and management. Materials and Methods: This study is conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Umaid Hospital, Jodhpur. It is a retrospective....

Keywords: Ectopic, PID, Salpingectomy, Maternal mortality and morbidity

[1]. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists' Committee on Practice Bulletins—Gynecology. ACOG Practice Bulletin No. 193: Tubal Ectopic Pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol. 2018 Mar;131(3):e91-e103. doi:
[2]. 10.1097/AOG.0000000000002560. Erratum in: Obstet Gynecol. 2019 May;133(5):1059. PMID: 29470343.
[3]. Mullany K, Minneci M, Monjazeb R, C Coiado O. Overview of ectopic pregnancy diagnosis, management, and innovation. Womens Health (Lond). 2023 Jan-Dec;19:17455057231160349. doi: 10.1177/17455057231160349. PMID: 36999281; PMCID: PMC10071153.
[4]. Panelli DM, Phillips CH, Brady PC. Incidence, diagnosis and management of tubal and nontubal ectopic pregnancies: a review. Fertil Res Pract. 2015 Oct 15;1:15. doi: 10.1186/s40738-015-0008-z. PMID: 28620520; PMCID: PMC5424401.
[5]. Walker JJ. Ectopic pregnancy. Clin Obstet Gynecol. 2007; 50:89–99. [PubMed: 17304026].

Abstract: Periapical lesions often arise as a consequence of pulpal diseases, and most inflammatory periapical lesions are initially managed with conservative non-surgical methods. The success of root canal treatment hinges on the thorough cleaning, shaping, and obturation of the root canal system. Calcium hydroxide and triple antibiotic paste (TAP) are preferred intracanal medicaments due to their effective antibacterial properties. This case report details the non-surgical management of a periapical lesion associated with the mandibular central incisors in a 18-year-old female who presented with periodic swelling and pus drainage in the labial sulcus, due to traumatic accident......

Keywords: periapical lesion, triple antibiotic paste, calicum hydroxide, non surgical treatment

[1]. Nair PN. Pathogenesis of apical periodontitis and the causes of endodontic failures. Crit Rev Oral Biol Med 2004;15:348‑81.
[2]. Natkin E, Oswald RJ, Carnes LI. The relationship of lesion size to diagnosis, incidence, and treatment of periapical cysts and granulomas. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 1984;57:82‑94.
[3]. Fernandes M, de Ataide I. Nonsurgical management of periapical lesions. J Conserv Dent 2010;13:240‑5.
[4]. Lalonde ER, Luebke RG. The frequency and distribution of periapical cysts and granulomas. An evaluation of 800 specimens. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 1968;25:861‑8. .
[5]. Natkin E, Oswald RJ, Carnes LI. The relationship of lesion size to diagnosis, incidence, and treatment of periapical cysts and granulomas. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol. 1984;57(1):82–94.

Abstract: Aims: The aim of this invitro study was to compare the marginal integrity among three esthetic restorative materials. Methods and Material: This study was conducted on 60 freshly extracted human premolars in which Standardized Class V cavities were prepared. Teeth were equally assigned to three groups : GC- Aenial Anterior Composite(Group A), Tetric N- Ceram(Group B), Palfique LX5(Group C). Each group containing 20 teeth were restored and then stored in distilled water for 1 week at 37°C. The specimens were dried and painted with two coats of nail varnish on the....

Keywords: Esthetic, Marginal integrity, Methylene Blue, Stereomicroscope

[1]. Nakabayashi N, Pashley DH. Hybridization of Dental Hard Tissues. Tokyo: Quintessence Books, 1998; pp. 129-130.
[2]. Kidd EA. Microleakage: A review. J Dent.1976;4:199-2016.
[3]. Lund RG, Carvalho RV, Rodrigues-Junior SA, Dermarco FF. Sealing ability of different adhesive restorative materials. Rev Odontol UNESP. 2009;38:204–10.
[4]. Ibrahim M.Hamouda, Hagag Abd Elkader Dental Biomaterials, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura and Umm Al Qura Universities, Egypt.Evaluation the Mechanical Properties of Nanofilled Composite Resin Restorative Material.
[5]. N. Attar and M. D. Turgut, "Fluoride Release and Uptake Capacities of Fluoride Releasing Restorative Materials," Operative Dentistry, Vol. 28, No. 4, 2003, pp. 395-402..

Abstract: Background Prevalence of congenital anomalies varies greatly from country to country. It is reported about 2.5% in India. In India, congenital anomalies are responsible for 15% of perinatal mortality and for 10% to 15% of neonatal deaths. The main aim of the study is to evaluate the prevalence of the congenital anomalies and malformation patterns in our hospital population. Material & Method This is a cross-sectional study carried out in the 'Radiology unit' of 'District Hospital, Gomati', Tripura. The study population includes about 910....

Keywords: Congenital anomaly, first & second trimester, ultrasonography

[1] Sallout Bi, Al-Hashan Ms, Attyyaa Ra. Antenatal Diagnosis, Prevalence And Outcome Of Major Congenital Anomalies In Saudi Arabia: A Hospital Based Study. Ann Saudi Med. 2008; 28(4):272-6.
[2] Mahela S, Talukdar B. Prevalence Of Congenital Abnormalities On Routine Ultrasound Scan Of Second And Third Trimester Pregnancy. Int J Reprod Contracept Obstet Gynecol 2016; 5:182-5.
[3] Patel Zm, Adhia Ra. Birth Defects Surveillance Study. Indian J Pediatr 2005; 72:489-91.
[4] Aravazhi M, Balasubramaniam T, Sambath Sd. Role Of Ultrasonogram In Detection Of Congenital Anomalies And Prevalence Of Anomalies In High-Risk Pregnancies. Int J Sci Stud 2016; 3(12):10-13.
[5] Lee Rs, Cendron M, Kinnamon Dd, Nguyen Ht. Antenatal Hydronephrosis As A Predictor Of Postnatal Outcome: A Meta-Analysis. Pediatrics. 2006; 118:586-93..

Abstract: Aim: To evaluate and compare the coronal sealing ability among commercially available three endodontic temporary restorative materials by using methylene blue dye penetration test. Methods and Material: 90 extracted mandibular and maxillary premolar teeth were taken. Samples were divided into four experimental groups of 20 each (n-20). In the experimental group, endodontic access cavity was created, and in each group, then the teeth were restored with Orafil G, Coltosol F and IRM. A positive control group was taken (n -5), access cavities were prepared, but not resored. A negative control group was taken (n-5), access cavities were....

Key-words: Dye penetration method, Microleakage, Temporary restorative material

[1]. Chicago, IL: American Association of Endodontics; 2002. Fall/Winter: Coronal leakage – Clinical & biological implications in endodontic success; pp. 2–7.
[2]. Webber RT, del Rio CE, Brady JM, Segal RO. Sealing quality of a temporary filling material. Oral Surg 1978;46:123-30.
[3]. Laurichesse JM, Maestroni F, Breillat J. Endodontie ciinique. Paris: Editions CdP, 1986:3-4.
[4]. Krakow AA, Destoppelaar JD, Gr$n P. In vivo study of temporary filling materials used in endodontics in anterior teeth.ORALSURGORAL MEDORALPATHOL 1977;43:615-20.
[5]. Naouml HJ, Chandler NP. Temporization for endodontics: A review. Int Endod J. 2006;35:964–78..

Abstract: management of periodontal diseases, as it provides a highly precise and minimally invasive alternative to traditional mechanical methods such as air turbines and ultrasonic scalers, which frequently cause significant patient discomfort. Lasers, with their advanced delivery systems—including articulated arms, hollow waveguides, and fiber optics......

Keywords: Laser aided periodontal care, High-Level Lasers, Low-Level Lasers, Photobiomodulation, Photo dynamic theory, Photo activated disinfection.

[1]. Aoki A, Sasaki KM, Watanabe H, Ishikawa I. Lasers in nonsurgical periodontal therapy. Periodontology 2000. 2004; 36:59–97.
[2]. Coleton S. Lasers in surgical periodontics and oral medicine. Dent Clin N Am. 2004; 48:937–62.
[3]. Ishikawa I, Aoki A, Takasaki AA, Mizutani K, Sasaki KM, Izumi Y. Application of lasers in periodontics: True innovation or myth? Periodontology 2000. 2009; 50:90–126.
[4]. Coluzzi DJ. Fundamentals of dental lasers: science and instruments. Dent Clin North Am. 2004; 48:751–70.
[5]. Bains VK, Gupta S, Bains R. Lasers in periodontics: An overview. J Oral Health Community Dentistry. 2010; 4(Spl):29–34..

Abstract: AIM : Comparative evaluation of apical sealing ability of three different endodontic sealers : An in vitro study Materials and Methods:- The study was conducted on 60 samples on single rooted teeth using three different sealers MTA fillapex, Apexit Plus, Bio C sealer. On the prepared samples access cavities and biomechanical preparation was performed using endodontic rotary system. The teeth were randomly divided into three groups of 15 each with control group having empty canal. All root surfaces except the apical 2 mm was covered with two layers of nail varnish and sticky....

Key-words: Apexit Plus , BioC sealer, MTA Fillapex

[1]. Ørstavik D. Materials used for root canal obturation; technique, biological and clinical testing. Endod Top 2005;12: 25e38.
[2]. Gutmann JL, Kuttler S, Niemczyk SP. Root canal obturation: An update. Academy of Dental Therapeutics and Stomatology, a division of PennWel. 2010.
[3]. Shetty KP, Satish SV, Luke AM, Badade AR, Kilaru KR. In vitro interrelationship between apical fill and apical leakage using three different obturation techniques. J Int Soc Prev Community Dent 2018;8:503-7.
[4]. Bouillaguet S , Shaw L, Barthelemy J , Krejci I, & Wataha J. C . Long-term sealing ability of Pulp Canal Sealer, AH-Plus, GuttaFlow and Epiphany. International Endodontic Journal , 2008 .
[5]. Al‑Haddad A, Che Ab Aziz ZA. Bioceramic‑based root canal sealers: A review. Int J Biomater 2016.

Abstract: Aim: The aim of this in-vitro study will be to evaluate and compare the accuracy of two apex locators in the presence of various irrigants. Methods and Material: The study will be conducted on 80 extracted straight, single-rooted permanent human teeth with mature apices. The teeth will be decoronated. Access cavity preparations will be done and working length will be established with 10 K file or 15 k-file into the canal until its tip emerged through the major apical foramen at ×10 magnification under a stereomicroscope. All the samples selected will be divided into four groups on the basis....

Key-words: Apex locator, Decoronation, Irrigants, Stereomicroscope

[1]. Ingle J, Himel T, Hawrish C, Glickman G, Serene T, Rosenberg P, et alIngle J, Bakland L Endodontic cavity preparation Endodontics. 20025th ed Hamilton, Ontario BC Decker:517–25
[2]. Kim E, Lee SJ. Electronic apex locator. Dent Clin North Am. 2004
[3]. Vasconcelos BC, Araújo RB, Silva FC, Luna-Cruz SM, Duarte MA, Fernandes CA. In vivo accuracy of two electronic foramen locators based on different operation systems. Braz Dent J. 2014
[4]. Gordon MP, Chandler NP. Electronic apex locators. Int Endod J 2004
[5]. CanalProApexLocator.Availablefrom:https://global.coltene.com/products/endodontics/apex-locators/apex-locators//canalpro-apexlocator/. [Last accessed on 2023 Jun 25]..

Abstract: Résumé : L'embolie pulmonaire hydatique est une affection rare résultant de l'ouverture d'un kyste hydatique viscéral dans la circulation veineuse ou plus rarement secondaire à une rupture d'un kyste hydatique cardiaque. Nous rapportons un cas d'un homme de 64 ans, opéré à deux reprises pour kyste hydatique hépatique, admis à notre formation pour une dyspnée aigue avec une toux productive, dont un scanner injecté a montré une embolie pulmonaire hydatique bilatérale. Vu la contre-indication de la chirurgie, le patient est mis sous traitement médical antihelminthique (Albendazole), avec nette amélioration clinique et radiologique.

[1]. Bousnina S, et al. L'embolie pulmonaire hydatique. Rev Pneumol Clin 2005;61:1–31.
[2]. Jaafari A, et al. Embolie pulmonaire hydatique fatale. A` propos de deux observations. Ann Cardiol Angeiol 2009;58:125–8.
[3]. Menassa-Moussa L, et al. Une hydatidose diagnostique´e a` l'occasion d'une embolie pulmonaire. J Mal Vasc 2009;34: 354–7.
[4]. Sahnoun D, Chabchoub H, Mnif Z, Ghariani R, Laadhar M, Toumi N, et al. Les complications vasculaires des kystes hydatiques du foie. JFR; 2006.
[5]. El Khttabi W, Afif H, Berrada Z, Rhissassi J, Aichane A, Bouayad Z. Hydatidose pulmonaire multiple avec localisation cardiovasculaire. Rev Mal Respir 2011;28:686–90..

Abstract: Résumé : Les lymphomes pulmonaires primitifs (LPP) sont des tumeurs rares, représentant moins de 1 % des tumeurs malignes pulmonaires. Parmi eux, les lymphomes de type MALT (tissu lymphoïde associé aux muqueuses) sont des lymphomes B de bas grade, issus des lymphocytes de la zone marginale. Cette étude rapporte un cas de double localisation pulmonaire et gastrique d'un lymphome de MALT. Ce cas met en lumière les défis diagnostiques associés à ces lymphomes rares et souligne l'importance de rechercher des localisations extra-pulmonaires, en raison de leurs manifestations cliniques variées et non spécifiques....

[1]. Cadranel J, Wislez M, Antoine M. Primary pulmonary lymphoma. Eur Respir J 2002;20:750—62.
[2]. A. Conconi et al. Clinical activity of rituximab in extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma of MALT type ,Blood :(2003)
[3]. Remstein ED, James CD, Kurtin PJ. Incidence and subtype specificity of API2-MALT1 fusion translocations in extranodal, nodal, and splenic marginal zone lymphomas. Am J Pathol 2000;156:1183—8.
[4]. Niang A, Diédhiou I, Ba PS, Lawson AT, Fall A, Ndiaye AR, et al. The primary pulmonary MALT lymphoma: a rare lung tumor. Rev Pneumol Clin 2014;70:293—7.
[5]. Raderer M, Vorbeck F, Formanek M, et al. Importance of extensive staging in patients with mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT)-type lymphoma. Br J Cancer. 2000;83(4):454–7..

Abstract: Aim: The aim of this study is to compare the decrease in bacterial population in the root canals with 3 different concentrations of NaOCl and with two different irrigation systems Methods and Material: The study was conducted on 70 single rooted extracted teeth. Teeth were decoronated and the apices were sealed with auto polymerizing resin. The teeth were inoculated with a suspension comprising Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis). The canals were prepared were divided into three groups based on irrigation technique: Group 1; irrigation with 1% sodium hypochlorite, Group 2; irrigation with 3% sodium hypochlorite & Group 3; irrigation with 5% sodium hypochlorite....

Key-words: Conventional irrigation, Enterococcus faecalis, Passive ultrasonic irrigation, Sodium hypochlorite, Side vented needle.

[1]. Schäfer E, Diez C, Hoppe W, Tepel J. Roentgenographic investigation of frequency and degree of canal curvatures in human permanent teeth. J Endod. 2002
[2]. Loel DA. Use of acid cleanser in endodontic therapy. J Am Dent Assoc. 1975
[3]. Kahn FH, Rosenberg PA, Gliksberg J. An in vitro evaluation of the irrigating characteristics of ultrasonic and subsonic handpieces and irrigating needles and probes. J Endod. 1995
[4]. Martin H. Ultrasonic disinfection of the root canal. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol. 1976
[5]. Ahmad M, Roy RA, Kamarudin AG. Observations of acoustic streaming fields around an oscillating ultrasonic file. Endod Dent Traumatol. 1992.

Abstract: Edentulism is an unresolved health care issue of sustained significance and prevalence in the aged population. Adaptation to wearing complete dentures is a complex process and must be considered from both somatic and psychological standpoints. The difficulties of wearing dentures have been attributed to deficiencies of the denture-bearing tissues, reduced salivary flow, vulnerable tissue and severe ridge resorption. The prosthetic management of the edentulous patient has always been a major challenge. Complete maxillary and mandibular dentures have been the traditional treatment option. However, most of the patients report problems adapting to the mandibular denture due to lack of comfort, retention and stability. It is well known that implant- retained/supported overdentures provide improved retention, support, stability, function, and comfort for patients.

[1]. Carl E. Misch. Dental Implant Prosthetics. 2nd Ed. Elsevier Mosby;2005.
[2]. Schmitt A., Zarb GA. The notion of implant-supported overdentures. J Prosthet Dent. 1998; 79(1):60-65.
[3]. Yamada H., Gorin V., Marinello F., Rosen A., Russo P. Implant Supported Overdentures: The Standard of Care for Edentulous Patients. Per Implant Overdenture ontaLetter Summer.
[4]. J. S. Feine, G. E. Carlsson, M.A. Awad, A. Chehade, W. J. Duncan, S. Gizani, T. Head, G. Heydecke, J. P. Lund, M. MacEntee, R. Mericske-Stern, P. Mojon, J. A. Morais, I. Naert, Dr Dent,
[5]. G. T. Payne, J. Penrod, G. T. Stoker, Y. Takanashi, A. Tawse-Smith, T. D. Taylor, J. M. Thomason, W. M. Thomson, D. Wismeijer. Editorial. J Prosthet Dent 2002;88(2):123-124..

Abstract: Background: Cataracts remain the leading cause of blindness and a major source of visual impairment around the world. The main non-modifiable risk factor for cataract is aging. The treatment of cataract is surgical and very successful in restoring sight. Phacoemulsification is a modern cataract surgery in which the eyes internal lens is emulsified with an ultrasonic hand piece and aspirated from the eye. Aim of the study: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the outcome of phacoemulsification cataract surgery in complicated cataract due to uveitis.
Methods: This is a prospective observational......

Keywords: Cataract, Phacoemulsification, Uveitis, Glaucoma.

[1]. Rodriguez-Garcia A and Foster S. Cataract Surgery in Patients with Uveitis: Preoperative and Surgical Considerations. Downloaded from: https://www.intechopen.com/books/difficulties-in-cataract-surgery/cataract-surgery-in-patients-with-uveitis-preoperative-and-surgical-considerations. Retrieved on August 2020.
[2]. Yalçındağ FN, Özdal PC, Özyazgan Y, Batıoğlu F, Tugal-Tutkun I, Group BS. Demographic and clinical characteristics of uveitis in Turkey: the first national registry report. Ocul Immunol Inflamm. 2016;26(1):17–26
[3]. Foster CS, Kothari S, Anesi SD, Vitale AT, Chu D, Metzinger JL, et al. The ocular immunology and Uveitis Foundation preferred practice patterns of uveitis management. Surv Ophthalmol. 2016;61(1):1–17
[4]. Palsson S, Andersson Gronlund M, Skiljic D, Zetterberg M. Phacoemulsification with primary implantation of an intraocular lens in patients with uveitis. Clin Ophthalmol. 2017;11:1549–55.
[5]. Ozates, S., Berker, N., Cakar Ozdal, P. et al. Phacoemulsification in patients with uveitis: long-term outcomes. BMC Ophthalmol 20, 109 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12886-020-01373-5.

Abstract: The National Exit Test (NEXT) is a newly introduced licensing examination in India, aiming to standardize medical education and ensure quality assurance. There is no clarity regarding NEXT among MBBS students . To assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of medical students regarding NEXT and identify areas for improvement. A cross sectional study was conducted among 200 medical students of different batches using a pretested questionnaire, with a response rate of 100% (200 respond ents). The study revealed significant gaps in knowledge (36% aware of NEXT resources) and preparedness (32% joined preparatory classes), with students expressing uncertainty and negativity towards NEXT. The study highlights the need of clear guidelines , t argeted interventions, including orientation programs and standardized preparation resource material to support students in navigating the challenges of NEXT.

Keywords : National Exit Test (NEXT), questionnaire, , knowledge, attitudes, practices.

[1]. Y. Tokuda , E. Goto, J. Otaki J. Jacobs, F. Omata , H. Obara, M. Shapiro, K, Soejima, Y. Ishida, S. Ohde, O. Takahashi and T. Fukui; Undergraduate educational environment, perceived preparedness for postgraduate clinical training, and pass rate on the Nation al Medical Licensure Examination in Japan BMC Med Educ. Educ., Vol . 10 , pp. 35 , DOI: 10.1186/1472-6920-10-35 [2]. D.B. Swanson and T.E. Roberts ; Trends in national licensing examinations in medicine Med Educ.Educ., Vol. 50(1) 1), pp. 101 11 4 , 2016. DOI: 10.1111/medu.12810. [3]. The Gazette of India(Internet). [cited 2024, Sep1 2] [Page 49 50]. Available from:http://egazette.nic.in/WriteReadData/D 11011/500/2024.pdf [4]. https://www.nmc.org.in/MCIRest/open/getDocument?path=/Documents/Public/ Portal/LatestNews/Public%20Notice%20 %20NExT%20Regulations.pdf
[5]. https://www.nmc.org.in/MCIRest/open/getDocument?path=/Documents/Public/Portal /LatestNews/Public%20N otic]e13 Jul 2023.pdf.

Abstract: Introduction: Mandible is the only mobile bone of the facial skeleton which plays an important role in mastication, speech and deglutition. Being a prominent bone of the facial skeleton, it is one of the most common facial bone to be fractured. Fracture in the mandible causes severe loss of function and disfigurement. Objective: The aim of this paper was to investigate the demographic and clinical characteristics of the patients of condyle fracture treated under the oral and maxillofacial department of a tertiary level hospital of Bangladesh. Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional descriptive type of study was conducted at the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery in Dhaka......

Keywords : Demographic, Clinical, Condylar, Fracture, Impacted, Erupted

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[3]. Sakr K, Farag IA, Zeitoun IM. Mandibular fractures treated at the University Hospital, Alexandria, Egypt. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2006;44(2):107-11.
[4]. Molla MR, Shaheed I, Bhuiyam RA, Shrestha P, Ahmed A. Prevalence of mandibular fracture in Bangladesh: an analysis with 125 cases. J Bangladesh Dent Soc. 1989;5(1):10-3.
[5]. Amaratunga NAS. A comparative study of the clinical aspects of edentulous and dentulous mandibular fractures. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 1988;46:3-6.