iosr-JDMS   Volume-15 ~ Issue-2 ~ February-2016

Abstract: Chyluria is the presence of chyle in the urine. This has been recognized since the time of Charak (300 BC) who described it as 'Shuklameha' Hippocrates recognized and described chyluria (1, 2). Following discovery of the lymphatic circulation by JEAN Pecquet in 1651, Moellenbrogii (13) ascribed chylous urine to an abnormal junction of the lymphatic and urinary systems. Nearly 100 years later Otto wucherer, working in Brazil in 1866, found microfilaria in the urine of a patient with heamaturia. Wood in 1929 first demonstrated pyelolymphatic backflow in retrograde pyelography. KITTREDGE and Associates and others utilized lymphangiography to demonstrated the anatomic involvement seen in this condition. It is not uncommon in the Asia especially in India,

[1]. LAZARUS, J.A. and MARKS, M.S. Non parasitic chyluria with special reference to Traumatic chyluria J. UROL 56: 246-258 (AUG) 11946.
[2]. LLOYD-DAVIES, R.W., EDWARDS J.M., and KINMONTH, J.B., CHYLURIA. A Report of five cases with particular reference to Lymphography and Direct surgery. Brit J. UROL 39:560-570 (oct) 1967)
[3]. Yu HHY, Ngan H, Leong CH. Chyluria-a 10-year follow up. Brit J Urol 1978; 50:126-33.
[4]. Karanjavala DK. Technique of clearance (or disconnection) of dilated lymphatics in renal hilum and lower ureter and bladder in cases of in tractable chyluria or haemochyluria. Brit J Urol 1979; 51:440-2.
[5]. Chang CY, Lue YB, Lapides J. Surgical treatment for chyluria. J Urol 1973; 109:299-301.
[6]. Callagan, DH, Graf EC, Gersack J, Turbow AM. Lymphangiography and simultaneous excretory urography as a diagnostic aid in chyluria. J Urol 1965; 93:417-9.

Abstract: Objective: To determine the difference in serum ferritin level among Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI) patients and healthy subjects. Methods: This hospital based case control type of analytic study was conducted between January 2015 to December 2015, evaluating serum ferritin of 50 patients of AMI and 50 healthy control subjects. Results: Mean serum ferritin was higher in MI patients (202.1±81.2 μg/L) as compared to controls (135.4±90 μg/L), and this difference was statistically significant (p<0.001). ROC curve analysis found that Serum ferritin level more than was145 μg/L was a good predictor of AMI with Sensitivity 74% and specificity 68%.

[1]. Misra A, Nigam P, Hills AP, et al. Consensus physical activity guidelines for Asian Indians. Diabetes Technol Ther 2012;14:83–98
[2]. Reddy KS, Yusuf S Emerging epidemic of cardiovascular disease in developing countries. Circulation 1998;97:596–601
[3]. Aviram M. Modified forms of low density lipoproteins and atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis 1993;98:1–9.
[4]. Oliver MF. Antioxidant nutrients, atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease. Br Heart J 1995;73:299–301.
[5]. D'Agostino RB, Grundy S, Sullivan LM, Wilson PW. Validation of the Framingham coronary heart disease prediction scores. Results from a multiple ethnic groups investigation. JAMA 2001; 286:180-187
[6]. Gropper SS, Smith JL, Groff JL. Advanced Nutrition and Human Metabolism. 5th ed.California: Wadsworth, Cengage Learning; 2009

Abstract: Context-Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis(DR-TB) patients have to undergo long duration of treatment which has severe adverse drug reactions and even leads to change of treatment regimen and discontinuation of treatment. Aim-To document the Kanamycin induced Ototoxicity in DR-TB Patients(Category-IV Eligible) during Intensive phase of Treatment on DOTS-Plus Therapy. Setting and Design-A Prospective follow up study on 100 confirmed DR-TB patients diagnosed by CBNAAT at DR-TB centre, Surat. Patients were followed up monthly during Intensive Phase of treatment. Methods and Material-A pre-tested standardized semi-structured questionnaire was used. Pure Tone Audiometry(PTA) was done on patients to establish ototoxic effect of Kanamycin. Data was collected and extrapolated in tables and graphs.

[1]. Central TB Division, Directorate General of Health Services, Ministry of Health & Family, India. Guidelines for programmatic management of Drug Resistant Tuberculosis in India 2010. [2]. Furin J J, Mitnick C D, Shin S S, et al. Occurrence of serious adverse events in patients receiving community based therapy for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2001; 5: 648–655.
[3]. R. Prasad,S.K. Verma, S. Sahai, S. Kumar and A. Jain1 [Indian J Chest Dis Allied Sci 2006; 48: 183-186] Efficacy and Safety of Kanamycin, Ethionamide, PAS and Cycloserine in Multidrug-resistant Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients.
[4]. Aleyamma Thomas, RajeswariRamachandran et al.Management Of Multi Drug Resistance Tuberculosis In The Field:Tuberculosis Research Centre Experience [Indian J Tuberc 2007: 54: 117-124]
[5]. E. Nathanson, R. Gupta et al. Adverse events in the treatment of multidrug-resistant Tuberculosis: results from the dots-plus initiative int j tuberc lung dis 8(11):1382–1384© 2004 iuatld
[6]. M. R. Masjedi, P. Tabarsiet al.Outcome of treatment of MDR-TB patients with standardized regimens, Iran, 2002–2006 int j tuberc lung dis 12(7):750–755 © 2008 The Union.

Abstract: Porcelain laminate veneers can be considered for esthetic correction of a number of conditions such as tooth discoloration, malalignment, diastema, tooth defects, tooth abrasion, coronal fracture, etc. Orthodontic therapy with or without surgical repositioning of the jaws is considered to be the conventional approach for correcting mild to severe open bite. This case report describes the esthetic rehabilitation of a patient with anterior open bite who was not willing for a surgical- orthodontic correction.

Keywords: Esthetics, Porcelain laminate, open bite, veneer

[1] Subtelny JD, Sakuda M. Open-bite: Diagnosis and treatment. Am J Orthod 1964;50:337-58.
[2] Epker BN, Fish L. Surgical-orthodontic correction of open-bite deformity. American journal of orthodontics. 1977;71(3):278-99.
[3] Nemeth RB, Isaacson RJ. Vertical anterior relapse. American journal of orthodontics. 1974;65(6):565-85.
[4] Huang GJ, Justus R, Kennedy DB, Kokich VG. Stability of anterior openbite treated with crib therapy. The Angle orthodontist. 1990;60(1):17-24; discussion 5-6.
[5] Ishikawa-Nagai S, Yoshida A, Sakai M, Kristiansen J, Da Silva JD. Clinical evaluation of perceptibility of color differences between natural teeth and all-ceramic crowns. Journal of dentistry. 2009;37 Suppl 1:e57-63.
[6] Freire A, Archegas LR. Porcelain laminate veneer on a highly discoloured tooth: a case report. Journal (Canadian Dental Association). 2010;76:a126.

Abstract: Increased prevalence and susceptibly to diabetes in the Indian phenotype, has warranted early screening for diabetes, for detection and prevention of complication among the Asian Indians. Currently the screening guidelines used are ADA 2015 guidelines and Indian Diabetes Risk Score system to identify asymptomatic type 2 diabetics for the prevalence of diabetes. ADA guidelines recommends screening as early as 45 years of age and Indian Diabetic Risk score system considers 35 years of age along with presence other parameters as a risk for diabetes.

[1] Joshi SR, Parikh RM. India--diabetes capital of the world: now heading towards hypertension. J Assoc Physicians India. 2007 May;55:323-4.
[2] American Diabetes Association. Standards of medical care in diabetes—2015. Diabetes Care. 2015;38(suppl 1):S1-S93
[3] Mohan, V. ; Deepa, R. ; Deepa, M. ; Somannavar, S. ; Datta, M. A simplified Indian diabetes risk score for screening for undiagnosed diabetic subjects Journal of the Association of Physicians of India, 2005Sep; 53. pp. 759-763. ISSN 0004-5772
[4] Ram1, C. Snehalatha1, A. Nanditha1, S. Selvam1, S. A. Shetty1, I. F. Godsland2, D. G. Johnston2 and A. Ramachandran1,* Hypertriglyceridaemic waist phenotype as a simple predictive marker of incident diabetes in Asian-Indian men with prediabetes Diabetic Medicine Volume 31, Issue 12, pages 1542–1549, December 2014 [5] Bitzur R1, Cohen H, Kamari Y, Shaish A, Harats D. Triglycerides and HDL cholesterol: stars or second leads in diabetes? Diabetes Care. 2009 Nov;32 Suppl 2:S373-7

Abstract: Intraoral malignant melanoma is an extremely rare, potentially aggressive neoplasm arising from melanocyte precursors. Accounting for 1-2% of all oral malignancies, they represent one of the most life-threatening forms of cancer which readily invade or metastasize to any organ. Herein we report a case of malignant melanoma of the anterior mandibular gingiva in a 50-year-old female and emphasize the fact that suspicious pigmented lesions should be investigated further.

Keywords: Malignant, Melanocytes, Gingiva, Pigmented lesion, melanoma

[1]. Babburi, S., Subramanyam, R. V, Aparna, V. & Sowjanya, P. Intraoral malignant melanoma. Niger. Med. J. 54, 278–81 (2013).
[2]. Padhye, A. & D'souza, J. Oral malignant melanoma: A silent killer? J. Indian Soc. Periodontol. 15, 425 (2011).
[3]. Juvekar, M., Karle, R., Wankhede, P. & Munde, A. Malignant melanoma of the oral cavity: Report of two cases. Contemp. Clin. Dent. 5, 227 (2014).
[4]. Thomas, P. S., Babu, G. S., Anusha, R. L. & Shetty, S. Oral malignant melanoma--an unusual presentation. Gerodontology 29, e1241–3 (2012).
[5]. Manigandan, T., Sagar, Gv., Amudhan, a, Hemalatha, V. & Babu, Na. Oral malignant melanoma: A case report with review of literature. Contemp. Clin. Dent. 5, 415 (2014).
[6]. Ahmadi-Motamayel, F., Falsafi, P. & Baghaei, F. Report of a rare and aggressive case of oral malignant melanoma. Oral Maxillofac. Surg. 17, 47–51 (2013).

Abstract:Introduction: In the current millennium, the anatomical knowledge makes a successful diagnosis and provides proper treatment to the patient. It is of paramount importance for Surgeons, Orthopaedicians, Radiologists and Vascular Surgeons to have a sound knowledge of Anatomy. Normal anatomical course and the variations of neurovascular structures have gained importance due to surgical interventions in lower limb region. The incidence of peripheral arterial embolism in popliteal artery and its branches were 10.9%.

1]. Adachi (1928) Das Arterial system der Japaher Kyoto, Maruzen 1928 vol:2 Pg no 206,227,242,262,269
[2]. Bardsley (1970) Variations in branching of Popliteal artery – Radioloy Pgno 581-587
[3]. Christopher Addison M D (1905) Ellis‟ demonstrations of Antomy, 12th ed Pg no 195-196
[4]. Ernest Frazer (1939) ,Manual of Practical Anatomy, vol:IPg no 233-235
[5]. Ernest Garner, Donald J Gray, Ronan O‟ Rahilly (1960) Anatomy of Regional Study of Human Structures, 1st ed Pg no 293-296
[6]. Henry Gray (1858), 38th ed London Churchill Livingstone 1995
[7]. Henry Hollinshead W (1958) Functional Anatomy of the limbs and back, Pg no 314-315
[8]. Keen (1961) Astudy of the arterial variations in the limbs with special reference to symmetry of vascular pattern, Annual Journal Anatomy, Pg no 108-245

Abstract:21 Year old male patient was admitted in our unit with the complaints of a swelling in the left forearm for the past four years. He had pain in that swelling for the past two years. There was a gross restriction of movements of the left forearm. Swelling started insidiously with gradual progression to reach the current size. This swelling was not associated with trauma. Patient was initially evaluated at a private hospital at vellore where incisional biopsy was done and it was reported as fibromatosis.

[1]. Devita, Hellman & Rosenberg's Cancer: Principles & Practice of Oncology, 8th Edition.
[2]. Enzinger and Weiss's Soft tissue tumors Reitamo JJ, Hayry P, Nykyri E, et al. The desmoid tumor. I.Incidence, sex-, age- and anatomical distribution in the Finnish
population. Am J Clin Pathol 1982; 77(6):665.
[3]. Posner MC, Shiu MH, Newsome JL, et al. The desmoid tumor is not a benign disease.
[4]. Archives of Surgery. 1989;124:191.

Abstract: Leukemia is a group of hematological disease which usually affects blood, bone marrow, lymph nodes which characterized by overproduction of abnormal white cells which are unable to fight infection. Careful microscopic examination of stained blood smear or bone marrow aspirate is the only way to effective diagnosis of leukemia. Early detection of the disease is necessary for proper treatment management. Recently many scientists have performed tremendous research in helping the hematologists in the issue of segmenting the blood cells in the early of prognosis. This paper aims to segment the blood cell images of patients suffering from acute leukemia using a Standard K-Means (SKM) clustering, Fuzzy C-Means (FCM) and Adaptive K-Means (AKM) clustering algorithm. The integrated clustering techniques have produced comprehensive output images with minimal filtering process to remove the background scene. Keywords : Image segmentation, clustering, Standard K-means (SKM), Fuzzy C Means (FCM), Adaptive K-Means (AKM), acute leukemia cells

[1] P. Filipczuk, M. Kowal, A. Obuchowicz, "Automatic Breast Cancer Diagnosis Based on K-Means Clustering and Adaptive Thresholding Hybrid Segmentation", Image Processing and Communications Challenges. 3, 295-302, 2011.

[2] T. Z. Muda, R. A. Salam, "Blood cell image segmentation using hybrid K-Means and median-cut algorithms" IEEE International Conference on Control System, Computing and Engineering (ICCSCE), 2011.

[3] A. S. Samma and R. A. Salam, "Adaptation of K-Means Algorithm for Image Segmentation", International Journal of Information and Communication Engineering 5, 2009.

[4] N. H. Harun, M. Y. Mashor, and R. Hassan, "Automated Blasts Segmentation Techniques Based on Clustering Algorithm for Acute Leukaemia Blood Samples", Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Technology Research 1. 96-109, 2011.

[5] F. H . A. Jabar, W. Ismail, K. A Rahim, and R. Hassan,"K-Means Clustering For Acute Leukemia Blood Cells Image", Proceedings of the International Conference on Soft Computing and Computational Mathematics (ICSCCM), 2013.

Abstract: Hemifacial microsomia is a common craniofacial malformation resulting in oral, facial and ocular manifestations. The condition is relatively rare with important dental changes. The unclear aetiology with variable presentation makes it an interesting case study. This case report attempts to discuss the clinically relevant dental findings in hemifacial microsomia patient with management of the same. Key words: Craniofacial, Goldenhar syndrome, Malformation, Microsomia.

[1]. Gorlin RJ, Pindborg J. Syndromes of the head and neck. 2nd ed. New York: McGraw-Hill; 1976. p. 261-5.
[2]. Aleksic S, Budzilovich G, Reuben R, Laguna J, Finegold M, McCarthy J, et al. Unilateral arhinencephaly in Goldenhar- Gorlin syndrome. Dev Med Child Neurol 1975;17:498-504.
[3]. Ross RB. Lateral facial dysplasia (first and second branchial arch syndrome, hemifacial microsomia). Birth Defects Orig Artic Serv 1975;11:51-9.

Abstract: Objective- Colon cancer is a prevalent human malignancy. HER2/neu is an important oncogene in breast cancer, but its prevalence and significance in colon cancer have been poorly documented. The aim of this study is to determine the rate and pattern of HER2/neu expression in colon carcinoma by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Materials and Methods- twenty-nine colon carcinoma specimens were chosen. IHC for HER2/neu was Performed. Clinicopathologic data and IHC results were analysed.

[1]. Sabiston Textbook of Surgery The Biological Basis Of Modern Surgical Practice 19thedition vol. II: 1294-1380.
[2]. Maginot's Abdominal Operations 12th edition: 731-878.
[3]. Shackelford's Surgery of the Alimentary Tract 7th edition vol. II section IV: 1680 – 2209.
[4]. Schwartz's Principles of Surgery 9th edition: 1013 – 1072.
[5]. K. Ghaffarzadegan, N. Sharifi, H. Vosooghynia, T. Shakeri, T. Ghiasi Moghadam, Sh. Ghanad Kafi, S. Lari, G. Nassiri. HER2/neu expression in colon adenocarcinoma and its correlation with clinicopathologic variables. IJBMS, Vol. 9, Number 1, Spring 2006.
[6]. Manmeet Kaur, Kalpana Jain, Mridu Manjari, Tanveer Kaur. Expression of Her-2/neu in Colon Carcinoma and Its Correlation with the Histological Grades and the Lymph Nodes Status. Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research. 2011 December, Vol-5(8): 1564-1568.

Abstract: This paper highlights the fact that many anterior teeth requiring restoration are severely weakened having wide, flared canal spaces, and thin dentinal walls that are prone to fracture. Traditionally these teeth have been restored using metal posts and are often unsuccessful because of lack of retention or root fracture. This paper describes how mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) can be used to form an immediate apical seal rather than waiting months for apexification. Weakened roots can be reinforced using dentine bonding agents,...........

Key words: Apical seal, Calcium hydroxide, MTA, Intraradicular rehabilitation using bonded composite, Luminox technology, Fibre post, Biological dentin post

[1]. Lui J L. Enhanced post crown retention in resin composite-reinforced, compromised, root-filled teeth: A case report. Quintessence Int1999; 30:601–606.
[2]. Johnson ME, Stewart GP, Nielsen CJ, Hatton JF. Evaluation of root reinforcement of endodontically treated teeth. Oral Surg oral Med oral Pathol oral Radiol Endod. 2000; 90:360-4.
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[4]. Rabie G, Trope M, Garcia C, Tronstad L. Strengthening and restoration of immature teeth with an acid-etch technique. Endo Dent Traumatol 1985;1: 246–256
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Abstract:Paget's Disease is a chronic bone remodelling disease characterised by aggressive bone resorption and imperfect deposition resulting in structurally abnormal bone. It is a common in Caucasian population, and is rare in non-Caucasians, particularly Asians, with only stray case reports from India. We report a case of Paget's Disease of bone from North-east region of India. A 55 year old male presented with bony deformity, pain and tenderness in upper third of his right leg for 1 year. There was no history of trauma or local infection. Blood investigations revealed raised ESR, CRP and Alkaline phosphatase. X-Rays revealed bowing and two healed fracture lines at upper third of tibia.

1]. Kumar AA, Kumar P, Prakash M, Tewari V, Sahni H, Dash A. Paget's disease diagnosed on bone scintigraphy: Case report and
literature review. Indian J Nucl Med. 2013 Apr-Jun; 28(2): p. 121–123.
[2]. Reid I, Miller P, Lyles K, Fraser W, Brown J, Y S, et al. Comparison of a single infusion of zoledronic acid with risedronate for
Paget's disease. N Engl J Med. 2005; 353: p. 898–908.
[3]. Butt ST, Fatima S, Butt R, Nasir W, Jameel G, Irfan J. Polyostotic Paget's Disease. Journal of the College of Physicians and
Surgeons Pakistan. 2012; 22(7): p. 461-463.
[4]. Bhatt K, Balakrishnan C, Mangat G, Bajan K, Ashavaid T, Joshi V. Paget's Disease of the Bone: A Report of Three Cases. JAPI.
2006 JULY; 54: p. 571-575.
[5]. Ralston SH. Paget's Disease of Bone, february 14, 2013. The New England Journal of Medicine. 2013 February;: p. 644-650.
[6]. Hadjipavlou AG, Gaitanis IN, Kontakis GM. Paget's Disease of the bone and its management, [Br] 2002;84-B:160-9. J Bone Joint
Surg. 2002; 84(B): p. 160-169.

Abstract: Aim: Our study aimed to verify the relation between physiological changes of third molar and age of an individual. Material and Method: Our study evaluated 42 ground sections of third molars according to Gustafson´ s six criteria method. Patient´s age was registered at time of extraction of third molar. We recorded level of attrition, secondary dentine deposition in pulp, changes in periodontium, cementum apposition, root resorption and root translucency. Each factor was alloted a score regarding degree of changes in the tooth. Total score was calculated and transferred to the estimated age according to Gustafson´s formula. A regression line was drawn from known age and the total score to create a new regression formula. A standard error of 5.38 and 5.33 years was obtained with Gustafson's formula and newly derived formula, respectively..

[1] A. Demisch, P. Wartmann, Calcification of the mandibular third molar and its relation to skeletal and chronological age in children, Child development, 27(4), 1956, 459–473. [2] E Rozkovcová, E. M. Marková, L. Mrklas, Third molar as an age indicator in young individuals, Prague medical report, 106(4), 2004, 367-398. [3] G Gustafson, Age determinations on teeth, J Am Dent Assoc., 41, 1950, 45–54. [4] A. E.W. Miles, Dentition in the estimation of age, J. Dent. Res., 42, 1963, 255-63 [5] R.F. Sognanaes, Talking teeth: American Scientist, 1976, 369-73

Abstract: A success full endodontic therapy completely depends upon thorough biomechanical preparation of root canal system followed by three dimensional obturation. Complete knowledge about different variations associated with multirooted teeth is also very important for successfull endodontic treatment. A mandibular first molar Radix Entomolaris (Additional lingual root) and Radix Paramolaris (Additional Buccal root) with two distal roots is an interesting example of anatomic variation1.These case reports describe management of two cases of Radix entomolaris with the help of two different rotary file system. Key words: Biomechanical preparation, Radix entomolaris, Rotary files.

[1]. Pawar AM,Kokate SR,Hegde VR .Contemporary approach in successful endodontic intervention in 'Radix Entomolaris'.World Journal Dentistry 2013;4(3):208-213.
[2]. Felipe Davini, Rodrigo Sanches Cunha, Carlos Eduardo Fontana1 Claudia, Fernandes de Magalhães Silveira, Carlos Eduardo da Silveira Bueno.Radix entomolaris – A case report. RSBO. 2012; 9(3):340-4.
[3]. Ove A. Peters, PD Dr med dent, Current Challenges and Concepts in the Preparation of Root Canal Systems: A Review. JOURNAL OF ENDODONTICS.2004; 30(8):559-567.
[4]. CLIFFORD J. RUDDLE, The ProTaper Technique Shaping the Future of Endodontics: 548-562.
[5]. Peet J van der Vyver and Michael J Scianamblo, Clinical guidelines for the use of Protaper Next instruments: part two. Endodontic Practice.2014. February:1-5.
[6]. De Moore RJ, Deroose CA, Calberson FL. The radix entomolaris in mandibular first molar: An endodontiic challenge. International Endodontic Journal. 2004; 37:789-99.

Abstract:Objective: To test whether the quality of life among school children is affected by malocclusion. Materials And Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out with a population-based sample size of 1404 among school children in Fezzan region, Libya. Dentalexaminations were carried out by two calibrated Examiners. OHRQoL was assessed using Child Perceptions Questionnaire. The Dental Aesthetic Index was used forthe clinical assessment of malocclusion.Statistical analysis involved analysis of variance test and games-howellposthoc tests.

[1]. Allison PJ , Locker D , Feine JS . Quality of life: a dynamic construct. SocSci Med. 1997;45:221–230.
[2]. Locker D , Slade G . Association between clinical and subjective indicators of oral health status in an older adult population. Gerodontology. 1994;11:108–114.
[3]. de Oliveira CM , Sheiham A . Orthodontic treatment and its impact on oral health-related quality of life in Brazilian adolescents. J Orthod. 2004;31:20–27.
[4]. Marques LS , Ramos-Jorge ML , Paiva SM , Pordeus IA . Malocclusion: esthetic impact and quality of life among Brazilian schoolchildren. Am J OrthodDentofacialOrthop. 2006;129:424–427.
[5]. O'Brien K , Wright JL , Conboy F , Macfarlane T , Mandall N . The child perception questionnaire is valid for malocclusions in the United Kingdom. Am J OrthodDentofacialOrthop. 2006;129:536–540.
[6]. Bernabé E , Sheiham A , Tsakos G , Messias de Oliveira C . The impact of orthodontic treatment on the quality of life in adolescents: a case-control study. Eur J Orthod. 2008;30:515–520.
[7]. Liu Z , McGrath C , Hägg U . The impact of malocclusion/orthodontic treatment need on the quality of life: a systematic review. Angle Orthod. 2009;79:585–591.