iosr-JDMS   Volume-15 ~ Issue-2 ~ February-2016

Abstract: Giant cell tumours of the metacarpal are very rare. This paper presents a case of a 28 year old male who presented with complaints of pain and swelling over the left hand over a period of six months.. Clinically a diffuse swelling of 4x2 cm in size over the dorsal aspect of the second metacarpal base of the left hand was observed. An X-ray showed lytic lesion with multiple cysts over the base of second metacarpal. The tumour was managed by marginal excision and reconstruction of bone defect. Keywords: Giant Cell Tumor,Metacarpal

[1]. Giant cell tumor of bone [Internet]. [cited 2015 Apr 15]. Available from: http://www.uptodate.com/contents/giant-cell-tumor-of-bone
[2]. Giant Cell Tumor [Internet]. [cited 2015 Apr 15]. Available from: http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1255364-overview
[3]. Biscaglia R, Bacchini P, Bertoni F. Giant cell tumor of the bones of the hand and foot. Cancer. 2000;88(9):2022–32.
[4]. M.L. S, S.a. M, F. T. Giant cell tumor of the masticator space: Case report and literature review. Ear, Nose Throat J [Internet]. 2011;90(11):E20. Available from: http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L364010788\n
[5]. http://www.entjournal.com/ME2/dirmod.asp?\nhttp://sfx.library.uu.nl/utrecht?sid=EMBASE&issn=01455613&id=doi:&atitle=Giant+cell+tumor+of+the+masticator+space:+Case+report+and+literature+review&stitle=Ear+Nose+Throat+J.&title=Ear,+Nose+and+Throat+Journal&volume=90&issue=11&spage=&epage=&aulast=Somers&aufirst=Melissa+L.&auinit=M.L.&aufull=Somers+M.L.&coden=ENTJD&isbn=&pages=-&date=2011&auinit1=M&auinitm=L.

Abstract: Introduction: Even with the emergence of laparoscopic common bile duct exploration, open common bile duct exploration remains the procedure of choice for the surgical management of choledocholithiasis in developing countries. Open CBD exploration is usually followed by a T-tube insertion whichhas been proven to be safe and effective for post-operative biliary decompression. However, the use of T-tube is not without its complications including post-operative bile leak, bile leak following removal, biliary strictureand tract infection among others. Primary closure of the common bile duct although proven superior to T-tube insertion has not gained popularity due to absence of post-operative biliary decompression. We present primary closure of common bile duct over an infant feeding tube as a stent as an alternative to both T-tube insertion and primary closure of common bile duct.

[1]. Kharbutli B., Velanovich V. Management of preoperatively suspected choledocholithiasis: a decision analysis. J GastrointestSurg 2008;12:1973-80.
[2]. Complications of T-tube drainage of the common bile duct. D. A. Gillatt, R.E. May, R. Kennedy, and A. J. Longstaff. Ann R CollSurg Engl. 1985 Nov; 67(6): 370–371.
[3]. Ahmad I, Jan AU, Ahmad R. Obstructive; Jaundice. J Postgrad Med Inst 2001;15:1948.
[4]. Jameel M, Darmas B, Baker AL. Trend towards primary closure following laparoscopic exploration of the common bile duct. Ann Roy CollSurgEngl 2008;90:29-35.
[5]. Ahmed I, Pradhan C, Beckingham IJ, Brooks AJ, Rowlands BJ, Lobo DN. Is a T-tube necessary after common bile duct exploration? World J Surg 2008;32:1485-8.

Abstract: From an infectious point of view, dentistry has never been safer than it is today for both patients and dental team. This state of affairs has resulted from establishment and practice of strict infection control in the office using universal precautions. Implementation of universal infection control in dentistry, entails the prevention of infection transmission within the dental clinic environment and assumes that all patients are carriers of infectious diseases. Implementing safe and realistic infection control procedures requires the full compliance of the whole dental team.. Hence, this literature review upgrades our knowledge on the pros and cons of all the available measures and techniques in the field of infection control in dental office and laboratory

Keywords: infectious diseases , dental office , waste management

[1]. Clare Connor. ―Cross - contamination control in prosthodontic practice‖. mt. J. Prosthodont, 1991; 4:337-344
[2]. Greene VW. Microbiological contamination control in hospitals. 1.Perspectives. Hospitals 1969;43:78-88. [3]. Kohn WG, Collins AS, Cleveland JL, Harte JA, Eklund KJ, Malvitz DM. Guidelines for infection control in dental health-care settings—2003.MMWR. 2003;52(RR17):1-61
[4]. Steere AC, Mallison GF. Handwashing practices for the prevention of nosocomial infections. Ann Intern Med 1975;83:683-90.121.
[5]. Garner JS. CDC guideline for prevention of surgical wound infections, 1985. Supersedes guideline for prevention of surgical wound infections published in 1982. (Originally published in November 1985). Revised. Infect Control 1986;7:193-200.
[6]. Larson EL. APIC guideline for hand washing and hand antisepsis in health-care settings. Am J Infect Control 1995;23:251-69.
[7]. CDC. Guideline for hand hygiene in health-care settings: recommendations of the Healthcare Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee and the HICPAC/SHEA/APIC/IDSA Hand Hygiene Task Force. MMWR 2002;51(No. RR-16).
[8]. Maki DG, Alvarado CJ, Hassemer CA, Zilz MA. Relation of the inanimate hospital environment to endemic nosocomial infection. N Engl J Med 1982;307:1562--6.

Abstract: The present communication attempts to investigate the possible phyto-constituents and evaluate the anti-inflammatory activities of Ocimum gratissimum leaves extracts. Phytochemical screening was carried out on n-hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol fractions of the leaves extracts from Ocimum gratissimum. Acute toxicity test and anti-inflammatory studies were carried out on ethyl acetate fractions of the extract. Ethyl acetate extract (at doses of 50,100 and 200 mg/kg body weight) were tested for their anti-inflammatory activity against formalin-induced paw edema in rats. The extracts were subjected to preliminary phytochemical screening tests for various constituents. This revealed the presence of: steroids, triterpenoids, cardiac glycosides, and anthraquinones in the n-hexane extract.

1]. Aguiyi, J. C., Obi, C. I.,Gang, S.S. and Igweh, A.C. (2000). Hypoglycaemic activity of Ocimum gratissimum in rats. Fitoterapia, 71: 444-446.
[2]. Arnason, J.T., Mata, R., and Romeo, J.T. (1995). Phytochemistry of medicinal plant: Recent advances in Phytochemistry Vol. 29; Plenum Press, New York: Pp364.
[3]. Dubey, N. K., Tiwari, T. N., Mandin, D., Andriamboavonjy, H. and Chaumont, J. P. (2000). Antifungal properties of Ocimum gratissimum essential oil (ethyl cinnamate chemotype). Fitoterapia; 71, 567-569.
[4]. Duncan, R. C., Knapp, R.G. and Miller, M. C. (1977). Test of hypotheses in population means: Introductory Biostatistics for Health Sciences, John Wiley and Son, Inc. N. Y. pp. 71 – 76.
[5]. Elisabetsky, E., Amador, T. A., Albuquerque, R.R., Nunes, D. S., and Carvalho A. C. T. (1995). Analgesic activity of "Psychotria colorata" (Wild ex. R. & S.) Muell.Arg. Alkaloids. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 48: 77-83.
[6]. Gilani, A.H., Atta-ur-Rahman (2005). Trend in ethnopharnacology. J. of Ethnnopharmacology; 100 (1), 43-49.
[7]. Harborne, J. B. (1973). Phytochemical methods: A Guide to modern techniques of plant analysis.1st edition. Chapman and Hall: New York. Pp 45-77.

Abstract: Background: The goal of fracture treatment is to obtain union of the fracture in the most compatible anatomical position which allows maximal functional restoration of the extremity. The increase in stability provided by Locking Compressive Plates (LCP) is most helpful to surgeons treating a fracture in poor-quality bone, and comminuted fracture. The use of bone-implant constructs through interfragmentary compression may result in devascularisation of bone fragments and delayed fracture healing. Aims: 1. to study the functional outcome for internal fixation of fractures of the distal end femur by locking compression plate.

[1]. O Martinet, J Cordey, Y Harder, A Maier, M Buhler, G E Barraud. Epidemiology of Fracture of Distal Femur. Injury2000; 31: 62-63.
[2]. Thomas P Reudi, Richard E Buckley, Christopher G Moran. A O Principles of Fracture Management. 2nd edition. Switzerland: A O Publishing; 2007.
[3]. Cory A Collne, Donald A Wiss. Rockwood and Green Fracture in adults. 7th edition. Philadelphia: LWW; 2009.
[4]. Wilson JN. Watson Jone's: Fractures and joint injuries. 6thed, pg. 1003-070, 1982.
[5]. Stover M. Distal femoral fractures: Current Treatment, Results and Problems. Injury 2001; 32(3): 3-13.
[6]. Egol KA, Kubiak EN, Fulkerson E, Kummer FJ, Koval KJ. Biomechanics of Locked Plates and Screws. J Orthop Trauma 2004 Sept; 18(8): 488-493.
[7]. Rockwood CA, Green DP. Fractures in Adult. 4thedn, Philadelphia: LWW;1996.
[8]. Venable CS, Stuck WG, Beach A. The Effects on Bone of the Presence of Metals: Based on electrolysis. Ann Surg 1937 Jun; 105(6): 917-938.

Abstract:This study was done to evaluate the outcome of surgical patients, who deposited blood for autologous transfusion1, where blood transfusion is anticipated. 93 out of 321 patients who underwent major surgical procedures and who needed blood transfusion were taken up for the study.30 out of 93 patients donated blood preoperatively for intra operative and immediate post operative autologous transfusion. All the patients were informed of the study and taken consent for pre deposition of blood. Their hemoglobin and Hematocrit values were compared both in the preoperative period and at the time of discharge.

[1]. Toy PTCY, Stauss R.G, Stehling LCet al: Predeposited autologous blood for elective surgery.N Engl J Med1987;316(9):517-520.
[2]. Barbara J.A.J,Contreras M.Infectious complications of blood transfusion:Viruses.BMJ 1990;300:450-453
[3]. Borgh.B.Pignotti E; Montebugnoli. M.et al. Auto transfusion -role of perioperative blood salvage and Predeposit .Anesthesia 1998;
53(2):28-30.
[4]. Contreras .M, Mollison P.L Immunological complications of transfusion BMJ 1990 ;300:173-176.
[5]. Terrault N.A,Wright T.L Viral hepatitis A through G .Sleisenger and Fordtran's Gastrointestinal and liver disease.6thedn (vol
2).Feldman M, Scharschmidt B .F.Sleisenger M.H, W.B Saunders company ,Philadelphia 1998:1123-1165
[6]. Curran J. W, Lawrence D .N, Jaffe H. Acquired immune deficiency syndrome(AIDS) associated with transfusion.N.Engl J Med
1984;310:69-75

Abstract: As the field of short surgical procedures is expanding day by day with desired minimum stay in hospital. Day care anaesthesia is gradually getting more importance and attention for success of such procedures. An untiring effort has been made from a long time in search of such an anaesthetic agents which can overcome pain and can make surgical procedures more comfortable. A variety of intravenous agents have been used for induction or maintenance of anaesthesia in day care surgery like Thiopentone Sodium, Ketamine, Propofol, Midazolam, Fentanyl, Alfentanyl, Remifentanyl, etc. But none of these drugs is considered to be an ideal anaesthetic agent for day care anaesthesia practice.

[1]. Langley MS and Heel RC. Propofol a review of its Pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties and use as an intravenous anaesthetic druges.1988;35:334-372
[2]. Boysen et al .Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica 12/1980 ;33(8);689-92
[3]. Korttila K.The study of post operative nausea and vomiting BJA 1992;69:205-235.
[4]. Rolly G, Versichelen L. Comparison of propofol and thiopentone for induction of anaesthesia in premedicated patients. Anaesthesia. 1985 Oct; 40(10):945-8.
[5]. Perry SM, Bullington J, Davis L, Fisher K, Ramsay S, Wood M. Comparison of propofol and thiopental for the induction of anesthesia. South Med J. 1988 May; 81(5):611-5.
[6]. Monedero Rodríguez P, Panadero Sánchez A, García PedrajasF,Carrera Hueso J, Catalá Bauset JC, Arroyo Carreras JL Comparative study between thiopental and propofol in short-duration anesthesia Rev Esp Anestesiol Reanim. 1991 May-Jun;38(3):141-2.
[7]. Valtonen M, Iisalo E, Kanto J, Tikkanen J. Comparison between propofol and thiopentone for induction of anaesthesia in children. Ontario.Anaesthesia. 1988 Aug; 43(8):696-9.
[8]. Weightman WM, Zacharias M. Comparison of propofol and thiopentone anaesthesia (with special reference to recovery characteristics). Anaesth Intensive Care. 1987 Nov; 15(4):389-93.

Abstract: Introduction: Diabetic foot syndrome is one of the major complications of Diabetis mellitus. In India, the prevalence of diabetic foot ulcers was estimated to be 3.6%. So this study was planned to estimate the influence of peripheral neuropathy and peripheral vascular disease in the outcome of diabetic foot management. Objectives: To ascertain the risk of peripheral neuropathy and peripheral vascular disease in diabetic foot ulcers.

[1]. Levin ME, O'Neal LW. The Diabetic Foot. 3rd Ed. Vol. II, St.Louis CV Mosby Co. 1983; 1-55.
[2]. Warren R, Kinn R, A survey of lower extremity amputation for ischemia surgery. 1968; 63 :107-20.
[3]. Bauman J, Girling J, Brand P Pantar, Pressures and tropical ulcertations. J Bone JOint Surgery 1963; 45B : 652-73.
[4]. Linger C, Albeanu D, Blois CJ, The tuning fork revisited. Diabetic Medicine, 1990; 7 : 859-64.
[5]. Livingstone L. Use of the Doppler for ankle: Brachial index a literature review. J Brit Pod Med. 1994; 49 : 27-8.
[6]. Boulton AJM, Malik RA, Arezzo JC et al. Diaebtic Somatic neuropathy diabtic case. 2004; 27 :1458-1487.

Abstract: The completion of root development and closure of the apex occurs up to 3 years after the eruption of the tooth. The treatment of pulpal injury during this period provides a significant challenge for the clinician. The most commonly advocated medicament is calcium hydroxide, although recently considerable interest has been expressed in the use of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA). We report a case with MTA were used successfully for one step apexification in teeth with open apex.

Key words: Immature teeth, one visit apexification, Mineral Trioxide Aggregate, monoblock, artificial barrier.

[1]. Gutmann JL, Gutmann MS. Cause, incidence, and prevention of trauma to teeth. Dent Clin North Am 1995;39(1):1-13. [2]. Zogheib LV, Pereira JR, do Valle AL, de Oliveira JA, Pegoraro LF. Fracture resistance of weakened roots restored with composite resin and glass fiber post. Braz Dent J 2008;19(4):329-33.
[3]. Cvek M. Prognosis of luxated non-vital maxillary incisors treated with calcium hydroxide and filled with gutta-percha. A retrospective clinical study. Endod Dent Traumatol 1992;8(2):45-55.
[4]. Sornkul E, Stannard JG. Strength of roots before and after endodontic treatment and restoration. J Endod 1992;18(9):440-3.
[5]. Hatibovic-Kofman S, Raimundo L, Zheng L, Chong L, Friedman M, Andreasen JO. Fracture resistance and histological findings of immature teeth treated with mineral trioxide aggregate. Dent Traumatol 2008;24(3):272-6.
[6]. Teixeira FB, Teixeira EC, Thompson JY, Trope M. Fracture resistance of roots endodontically treated with a new resin filling material. J Am Dent Assoc 2004;135(5):646-52.

Abstract: Maximal Voluntary Ventilation (MVV) is a relatively a short tes,t used to evaluate a patient's ability to maintain an elevated minute ventilation. This measures the greatest amount of air someone can breathe in and out during one minute. MVVprovides an estimate of the ventilatory reserves available to meet the physiologic demands of exercise. This test is very patient effort dependent. The study was performed to establish Fat Free Mass (FFM) and Body fat Percent (BF%)as the most important reference variables rather than much used Body Mass Index(BMI). This study was conducted on 150 (85, males;65, females) apparently healthy medical students18-24 years age group. Body fat percentage was assessed using 'Bioelectric Impedance' technique. Correlation of MVV with body composition parameters showed that FFM has highest correlation coefficient with MVV followed by FFMI. BF% showed negative correlation with MVV. BMI and Waist by Hip ratio showed quite lesser correlation than FFM and FFMI.

[1]. Cotes JE, Chinn DJ, Miller MR. Lung Function, Physiology, Measurement and application in Medicine, Blackwell,6th Edition: 2006 ; 37-39
[2]. Jones RL, Magdalene M, Nzekwu U. Effects of Body Mass Index on Lung Volume. Chest 2006;130:827-833
[3]. Ray CS, Sue DY, Bray G, Hansen JE, Wasserman K. Effect of Obesity on Respiratory Function. Am Review Resp Disease ;1983 :128,501-506
[4]. Brusasco V, Crapo R, Viegi G. General consideration for Lung Function Testing. ATS/ERS Task force: Standardisation of Lung function test; Eur Respir J. 2005; 26: 153-161
[5]. Gallagher DM, Visser M, Sepulveda D, Pierson RN, Harris T, and Heymsfield SB: How useful is BMI for comparison of body fatness across age, sex, and ethnic groups. Am J of Epidemiology,1996; 146: 228 – 239
[6]. Sheldon, R.L. (2000) Pulmonary Function Testing. In Wilkins, R.L., Krider, Susan, J., Clinical assessment in respiratory care. 4th Edition, Mosby, St. Louis, 141-160.

Abstract: Medical curriculum which includes ward teaching in admitted patients, clinical ward round is most important part of knowing patients progress in the ward . Clinical rounds include some standard components and it plays an effective role in student's learning process. In this study 26 students were included. Questionnaires were given at the end of one month. In conclusion, in understudied clinical rounds, there has been more emphasis on history taking, clinical examination, diagnosis subjects and issues like: accountability, health economy, patient's nutrition, non-drug treatments and medical legal issues are less considered in the studies rounds.

Keywords: Clinical rounds, Content of the round, Grand round, Perceived benefit rate.

[1]. La Combe MA. On bedsides teaching. Ann Int Med 1997; 126:217-20.
[2]. Amini A. Approaches to evaluation and accreditation of educational institutions. Views on medical education policies , third national development planning conference. 2000
[3]. Van Hoof TJ, RJ, Majdalany GT, Giannotti TE, Meehan TP. A case study of medical grounds: are we using effective methods? Acd Med 2009; 84(8):1144-51
[4]. Dent JA. Hospital wards in: Dent JA,Harden Ronald M. A practical Guide for medical Teachers, 2001.P:100-6
[5]. Expected competencies for medical graduates from Teheran University of Medical sciences. Approved by: General Medicine curriculum planning committee. First edition Medical faculty publication 2011.
[6]. Muething SE, Kotagal UR, Schoettker PJ, Gonzalez del Rey J, Dewitt TG. Family-Centred bedside rounds: a new approach to patient care and teaching. Pediatrics 2007,,119(4):829-32

Abstract: Background: In Nigeria, between 60% and 80% of children with febrile illness had received home-care prior to reporting at health facilities but only 15% of such home-care is appropriate. A major component of the integrated management of childhood illness is improved home-care. This study assessed caregivers‟ home-care practices towards childhood febrile illnesses and the determinants in rural communities in Osun State, Nigeria. Methods: Caregivers (255) accompanying febrile under-fives to rural primary health care facilities were interviewed using pretested interviewer-administered questionnaires. Data on socio-demographic characteristics, knowledge on febrile illness and home-care practices for febrile children was collected and analysed using percentages, chi-square statistics and binary logistic regression. Focus group discussions (FGD) were conducted and analysed using detailed content analysis.

[1]. Black RE, Morris SS, Bryce JP. Where and why are 10 million dying: Quality of Treatment among Children Dying every year? Lancet. 2003; 361: 2226 – 34
[2]. Chukwuocha UO, Nwankwo BO, Amadi AN, Dozie IN, Ikegwuoha AE. Treatment Seeking Behaviour of Mothers for febrile children in Some Rural Parts of Imo State Nigeria: Implications for Home Management of Malaria in Endemic Areas. International Journal of Tropical medicine 2009; 4:132-5 [3]. FMOH: National Antimalarial Treatment Policy. Federal Ministry of Health, National Malaria and Vector Control Division, Abuja, Nigeria FMOH 2005.
[4]. World Health Organization/ United Nations Children‟s Fund. IMCI in the Hands of Families: Promoting Key Practices in South-East Asia (WHO/CAH/98.3). Geneva: WHO, 2002. [5]. NDHS. National Population Commission (NPC) [Nigeria] and ICF Macro. 2009. Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey 2008. Abuja, Nigeria: National Population Commission and ICF Macro. 2008 p. 1–40. [6]. Afolabi BM, Brieger WR, Salako LA. Management of childhood febrile illness prior to clinic attendance in urban Nigeria. J Health Popul Nutr. 2004 Mar; 22(1): 46-51

Abstract: A broad spectrum of pathological conditions can affect our salivary glands paramounting to systemic diseases which characterizes that salivary gland examination is an important part of oral cavity evaluation. Thus sialography has proven to be a reliable & advantageous technique for diagnosing the salivary gland disorders.

Key Words: Diagnosis, Parotid gland, Pleomorphic adenoma, Sialography

[1]. S. S Rose et al , October (1950),Sialography in Diagnosis, post Graduate Medical Journal , Page 521
[2]. S. Magalhães et al, Role of convencional sialography in the diagnosis of benign salivary diseases , European Society of radiology , Page 1 of 16
[3]. Taneja et al, January 2015, 4(1), Salivary gland imaging IJMDS
[4]. Yousem et al , Radiology 2000, Major salivary Gland Imaging , State of Art, 216, 19 – 29
[5]. Reddy et al , Sialography : 3 case reports Indian J Dent Res, 20(4), 20094

Abstract: The number of women diagnosed with cancer at advanced clinical stages is increasing locally and globally. One possible cause is lack of self-care practices to facilitate early diagnosis of breast cancer. The purpose of this study was to describe and examine the relationship between breast self-care practices and the stage at diagnosis of breast cancer among breast cancer patients aged 21 years and above attending a Radiotherapy Centre at a Central Hospital in Zimbabwe. The study utilised a descriptive correlational study design. The study was cleared by the Joint Parirenyatwa – College of Health science Research and Ethics Committee.

[1]. Adebamowo, C. A & Ajayi, O. O. (2000). Breast Cancer in Nigeria. West Africa Medical Journal, 19(13), 179 – 191.
[2]. Aylin, Y, Bumin, D, Murat, A, Lya, H, Ramazan, A, Alpay, H. (2005). Knowledge about Breast Cancer and Mammography in Breast Cancer Screening among women awaiting mammography. Turkish Journal of Medical Science, 35, 35 – 42.
[3]. Basro, S. & Apffelstaedt, J. P. (2010). Breast cancer in young women in a limted resource environment. World's Journal of Surgery, 34 (7); 1427-33.
[4]. Duffy, S W, Tabar, L, Chen, H, Holmqvist, M, Yen, M, Abdsalah, S, Epstein, B, Frodis, E, Ljumberg, E, Herdborg-Melender, C, Sundbom, A, Tholin, M, Wiege, M, Akerlund, A, Wu, H, Tung, T, Chiu, Y, Chiu, C, Huang, C, Smith, R. A, Rosen, M, Stenbeck, M, Holmberg, L. (2002). The Impact of Organised Mammography Service Screening on Breast Carcinoma Mortality in Seven Swedish Counties: A Collaborative Evaluation. Cancer, 95(3), 458 – 469.
[5]. Carney, P. A, Harwood, B. G, Weiss, J. E, Eliassen, M. S, Goodrich, M. E. (2002). Factors Associated with Interval Adherence to Mammography Screening in a Population-Based Sample of New Hampshire Women. Cancer, 95(2), 219 – 227.
[6]. Donald, R, Lamin, Holly, F, Matthews, Mitchelle, J, Mavins. (1998). Influence of Socioeconomic and Cultural Factors on Racial Differences in Late-Stage Presentation of Breast Cancer.Journal of American Medical Association, 279, 1801 – 1807.
[7]. Elmore, J. C, Moceri, V. M, Carter, D, Larson, E. B. (1998). Breast carcinoma tumour characteristics in black and white women. Cancer, 83, 2509 – 2515.

Abstract: Aims: To study the significance of serum ascites lipid gradient (SALG) for total cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol and VLDL cholesterol in differentiation of ascites due to cirrhosis of liver and ascites due to malignancy and tuberculosis. Material and methods: A study on 50 patients admitted at R.N.T. Medical college and MBG Hospital Udaipur admitted with ascites was carried out.The patients were classified as cirrhotic , tubercular and malignant on the basis of history, physical examination, USG and biochemical and cytological investigations. Biochemical examination of ascitic fluid for protein , albumin , cholesterol , LDL, HDL, VLDL, and triglyceride was estimated.. SALG was calculated by subtracting serum total cholesterol, triglyceride, VLDL, HDL. And LDL from ascitic cholesterol, triglyceride, VLDL, HDL and LDL respectively.

[1]. Siesenger's GIT disease, 7th Ed 2002 vol2, 1517
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[4]. Gupta R, Mishra SP, Dwivedi. Diagnosing ascites: value of ascetic fluid total protein, albumin, cholesterol, their ratio, serum ascites albumin and cholesterol gradient. Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology: 1995: 10 (3) 295-9
[5]. L.K. Sharatchandra, Robinson Ningson. Serum ascites lipid gradients in alcoholic liver cirrhosis, tuberculosis, malignancy JIACM 2005;6(4) 306-11.
[6]. R. Garg, A Sood. Ascitic fluid cholesterol in differential diagnosis of ascites. JAPI 1993; 41:664.
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[8]. Jungst D, Xie Y, Pathophysiology of elevated ascites fluid cholesterol in malignant ascites. Journal of Hepatology 1992; 14 (2-3): 244-48.

Abstract: succinylcholine is still recommended for some situations in open globe injuries. However its use is associated with an increase in intraocular pressure (IOP) which may be deleterious in open globe injuries. We investigated whether dexmedetomidine, an alpha-2 agonist, could attenuate this increase in IOP after succinylcholine and intubation. Forty patients with no pre-existing eye disease undergoing general anesthesia were randomly premedicated by i.v dexmedetomidine 0.3mg/kg or saline. Heart rate(HR), mean arterial pressure(MAP),and IOP (using Schioetz tonometer) were measured before, after the premedication, after thiopental, after succinylcholine, immediately after intubation, and then every 3 min for 9 min succinylcholine and intubation increased IOP in both groups.

[1]. Chidiac EJ, Raiskin AO. Succinylcholine and the open eye.Ophthalmol Clin North Am 2006; 19: 279 – 85
[2]. Durant NN, Katz RL. Suxamethonium. Br J Anaesth 1982; 54: 195 – 208
[3]. Edmondson L. Intraocular pressure and Suxamethonium. Br J Anaesth 1997; 79: 146
[4]. Chiu CL, Jaais F, Wang CY. Effect of rocuronium compared with succinylcholine on intraocular pressure during rapid sequence induction of anaesthesia. Br J Anaesth 1999; 82: 757 – 60
[5]. Gerlach AT, Dasta JF. Dexmedetomidine: an updated review. Ann Pharmacotherapy 2007; 41: 245 – 52
[6]. Jaakola ML. Intraoperative use of alpha2-adrenoceptor agonists. Best Pract Res Clin Anaesthesiol 2000; 14: 335 – 45
[7]. Jaakola ML, Ali-Melkkila T, Kanto J, Kallio A, Scheinin H, and Scheinin M. Dexmedetomidine reduces intraocular pressure, intubation responses and anaesthetic requirements in patients undergoing ophthalmic surgery. Br J Anaesth 1992; 68: 570 – 5

Abstract: Evisceration of abdominal content is common in penetrating injury. It is extremely rare in blunt trauma abdomen. This is a case report of a59 year old female involved in MVA in which her gastric tumour was eviscerated along with parts of small and large bowel. She had partial gastrectomy upon exploration ,and successful primary repair of her abdominal wall rupture. Key words: blunt abdominal trauma, evisceration, gastrectomy, repair

[1] E McDaniel, SP Stawicki, DP Bahner,Blunt traumatic abdominal wall disruption , International Journal of Critical Illness and Injury Science,1(2),2011,164-166

[2] TC Hardcastle, GJN Coetzee,L Wasserman, Evisceration from blunt trauma in adults: An unusual injury pattern:3 cases and a literature review. Scandinavian Journal of Trauma Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine,13.2005,234-5

[3] D denHartog, WE Tuinebreijer,PPOprel,PPatka, Acute traumatic abdominal wall herna, Hernia15(4) ,2011,443-45

[4] P Riley, Disembowelment- a retrospective study of patients suffering evisceration following penetrating abdominal injury, Injury, 18, 1987, 286-290

[5] LH Knott, WA Neely, Evisceration secondary to blunt trauma: occurrence through an incisional hernia.,Journal of Trauma, 20, 1980, 1001-1002

[6] HJ Chooi, KJ Park,HY Lee et al , Traumatic abdominal wall hernia (TAWH) :A case study highlighting surgical management. Yonsei Medical Journal, 48, 2007,549-53

[7] RW Dennis, A Marshall, H Deshmukh, et al, Abdominal wall injuries occurring after blunt trauma: Incidence and grading system, American Journal of Surgery, 197, 2009, 413-7

Abstract:Background: Pyogenic granuloma is a common, soft tissue tumor of oral cavity that is belived to be reactive and not neoplastic in nature. Commonly gets formed by local irritation, any traumatic injury, hormonal factors, or certain kinds of drugs interaction in response to local irritants. Material & Methods: This case report presents the review and rare case of a lingual Pyogenic granuloma managed by surgical intervention by soft tissue diode laser in 42 years old female patient.

[1]. Jafarzadeh H, Sanatkhani M, Mohtasham N. Oral Pyogenic granuloma: a review. J Oral Sci. 2006;48(4):167-75.
[2]. Hullihen SP. Case of aneurism by anastomosis of the superior maxxilae. Am J Dent Sc. 1844;4: 160-162.
[3]. Hartzell MB. Granulomapyogenicum. J CutanDisSyph 1904;22:520-525.
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Abstract: Objective: This study was designed to determine prevalence and risk factors of herpes labialis in patients attending an Oral diagnosis department at school of dentistry, university of sulaimani. Patients and methods: A retrospective study was done among 338 patients attending School of Dentistry, University of Sulaimani, between January 2013 and December 2015. The age range was between 10-79 years. About 169 (50%) of patients were males and 169 (50%) were females. The male/female ratio was 1:1. informations regarding recurrent herpes labials was recorded including patients age, sex, location of the lesion, as well as risk factors including stress, common cold, fever etc. Chi Square test was used to analyze the data.

1]. Gonsalves WC, Chi AC, Neville BW. Common oral lesions:Part I. Superficial mucosal lesions. Am Fam Physician 2007; 75: 501-507. [2]. Azodo CC1, Umoh AO.Herpes labialis among dental healthcare providers in Nigeria. Indian J Dent. 2015 Jul-Sep;6(3):116-20.
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[7]. Arduino PG, Porter SR. Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 infection: Overview on relevant clinicopathological features. J Oral Pathol Med. 2008;37:107–21.

Abstract: The maxillary lateral incisor is one of the most common congenitally missing teeth of the permanent dentition. With the advent of implants in the field of restorative dentistry, a stable and predictable fixed prosthetic replacement has become a reality, especially for young adult patients who suffer from congenital absence of teeth. The dual goals of establishment of functional stability as well as enhancement of esthetic outcomes are made achievable by the placement of implants. A multidisciplinary team approach involving the triad of orthodontist, periodontist and restorative dentist will ensure the successful completion of the integrated treatment approach in these patients. The present case report achieved successful implant based oral rehabilitation in a patient diagnosed with congenital absence of bilateral maxillary lateral incisors utilizing a preprosthetic orthodontic implant site preparation for the purpose of space gain.

Keywords: Preprosthetic, interdisciplinary treatment, implant placement

[1]. Abu-Hussein M., Watted N., Abdulgani N. , Alterman M.; Non-Syndromic Oligodontia: A Rare Case Report, jmscr2015,3(5), . 5649-5655
[2]. Abu-Hussein M., Watted N., Watted A., Abu-Hussein Y, Yehia M .Awadi O. , Abdulgani A .; Prevalence of Tooth Agenesis in Orthodontic Patients at Arab Population in Israel, International Journal of Public Health Research ,2015; 3(3): 77-82.
[3]. Abu-Hussein M., Watted N., Yehia M., Proff P., Iraqi F.; Clinical Genetic Basis of Tooth Agenesis, Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences2015,14(12),68-77
[4]. Abu-Hussein M., Abdulgani A., Watted N .Zahalka M.; Congenitally Missing Lateral Incisor with Orthodontics, Bone Grafting and Single-Tooth Implant: A Case Report. Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences2015, 14(4),124-130
[5]. Abu-Hussein M., Watted N., Abdulgani A., Bajali M.;Treatment of Patients With Congenitally Missing Lateral Incisors: Is an . Interdisciplinary Task. RRJDS 2014,2(4),53-68
[6]. Abu-Hussein M., Watted N., Abdulgani A., BorbélyB.; Modern Treatment for Congenitally Missing Teeth : A MultidisciplinaryApproach; INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MAXILLOFACIAL RESEARCH,2015,1(2);179-190

Abstract: The impaction of permanent teeth is not uncommon, but few permanent teeth are rarely impacted like mandibular first molars. In case of deeply impacted mandibular first molars, the extraction requires delicate technique as well as careful management to minimize risks of injury to the adjacent teeth, neurovascular bundle and the mandibular fracture. Here, we report an unusual case of impacted mandibular first molar in a female patient aged 30 yrs . It was located near inferior border of mandible , almost horizontal. We did transalveolar extraction of tooth and endodontic treatment treatment of adjacent teeth. Follow up was made for 6months.

Keywords: First molar, Impaction, Mandibular, Transalveolar, Ectopic

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Abstract: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major cause of morbidity, mortality and loss of productivity in resource-limited settings. The objectives of this study were to assess the imaging characteristics of primary brain injury on CT scan post trauma and to evaluate these imaging features as predictors of clinical outcome in patients with TBI. Settings And Design: Prospective, cross sectional hospital-based study

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Abstract:Gallbladder carcinoma is a highly malignant tumor with a poor prognosis; the incidence of incidentally diagnosed gallbladder cancer has increased with the increasing number of patients undergoing cholecystectomy (1-3). We report our experience with gallbladder carcinoma incidentally diagnosed during or after cholecystectomy performed for cholelithiasis. Aims & Objectives: We report our experience with gallbladder carcinoma incidentally diagnosed during and after cholecystectomy performed for cholelithiasis.
Observation: We retrospectively reviewed our surgery records. A total of 464 patients underwent cholecystectomy from January 2014 to January 2016. In 3 of patients adenocarcinoma was present in the pathologic specimens. Conclusion: A diagnosis of gall- stones is an indication for cholecystectomy as gallbladder cancer runs a short
course with a poor prognosis.
Keywords: gall bladder carcinoma, incidental

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