iosr-JDMS   Volume-15 ~ Issue-7 ~ July-2016

Abstract: The main indication for fine needle aspiration (FNA) of liver is the evaluation of mass lesions.(Silverman JF,Geisinger KR-1996).In most FNA biopsies of hepatic masses an accurate diagnosis can be rendered based on the cytomorphological features alone,(Silverman JF,geisinger KR-1996). However in selected cases, ancillary studies can be quiet helpful in refining the diagnosis.( Silverman JFFinely J L,o'Brein KF 1989).................

Keywords: Diagnosis, FNAC , Liver, ultrasound

[1]. Axe SR, Erozan YS , Ermatinger S.V, fine needle aspiration of the live. A comparision of smear and rinse preparation in the detection of cancer. Am J Clin Patol 1986; 86(3):281-285.
[2]. ALI MA , AKTHAR M, MATTINGLY RC: Morphologic spectrum of hepatocellular carcinoma in fine needle aspiration biopsies. Acta Cytol 30:294-302,1986
[3]. ATTENBURY CE, ENRIQUEZRE, DESUTONAGY GI, CONN HO : Comparision of histological and cytological diagnosis of liver biopsies in hepatic cancer. Gastroenterology 76:1352-1357,1979.
[4]. BABB R.R,JACKMAN R.J. Needle biopsy of the liver. A critique of four currently available methods. West J Med 1989; 150(1):39-42.
[5]. BEASLEY RP, HWANG LY, LIN CC, CHIEN CS: hepatocellular carcinoma and hepatitis B virus Lancet 2: 1129-1133,1981

Abstract: Introduction: To study about the hematological manifestations in Tuberculosis to prevent morbidity and mortality due to co morbid conditions like Anemia with cardiac failure, Pancytopenia, etc., Aims And Objectives: The study is done to evaluate the presence , extent and severity of hematological manifestations in Pulmonary and Extra pulmonary Tuberculosis............

Keywords: Tuberculosis, Pulmonary Tuberculosis, Anemia, ESR, Thrombocytopenia

[1]. SK Sharma. Introduction,Tuberculosis,2 nd ed,Jaypee publications 2009;1.
[2]. Bozoky G, Ruby E, Goher I, Toth J, Mohos A Hematologic abnormalities in Pulmonary Tuberculosis published in the journal Orv Hetil. 1997 Apr 27;138(17):1053-6
[3]. K J Singh et al Significance of Hematological manifestations in patients with Tuberculosis Journal of Academy of Physicians of India Aug.2001.
[4]. Raina S et al Hematological changes in Pulmonary Tuberculosis published in the journal The Indian Practitioner,Feb.2010.
[5]. Oliva V.M., Cezario G.A.G., Cocato R.A., Marcondes-machado J. Pulmonary Tuberculosis: Hematology,Serum Biochemistry and the relation with the disease duration published in Journal of Animal Toxins including Tropical diseases March 2008.

Abstract: Aims and objectives of the study: 1. Age and sex prediction for the occurrence of Tympanosclerosis.. 2. Common sites of involvement in the tympanic membrane. 3. To determine the hearing status in patients afflicted with Tympanosclerosis. 4. Histological pattern of the excised plaques Materials And Methods: The study was conducted in those patients attending outpatient department of Andhra Medical College, Government ENT hospital for a period of twelve months. In the study period, about 69,750 patients attended to Out Patient Department with complaints of ear, nose and throat. 24,400 (34.9%) patients attended with ear symptoms, out of them 100 cases of tympanosclerosis were selected. In some cases, there is associated Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media of tubotympanic..........

Keywords: Tympanosclerosis, Tympanoplasty, Chronic suppurative otitis media, Conductive deafness.

[1]. GRISTWOOD, R. E. and VENABLES, W. N. (1982) Cholesteatoma and tympanosclerosis. In: Cholesteatoma and Mastoid Surgery
[2]. Sheehy JL, House WF. Tympanosclerosis. Arch Otolaryngol 1962; 151-7.
[3]. PLESTER, D. (1971) Tympanosclerosis. Journal of the Otolaryngological Society of Australia, 3, 325-326
[4]. Tos M, Bak Pederson K. Middle- ear mucosa in tympanosclerosis J. Laryngol Otal 1974; 88:119-26.
[5]. Bhaya, MH, Schachern, T.Paperella MM. Pathogenesis of tympanosclerosis. Otolaryngol- Head Neck Surg 1993;109;413-20.

Abstract: PCNL has remained standard procedure for renal calculi patients. Over the years, improvements in techniques, instruments and better understanding of anatomy has led diminished complications rate. However significant complications still occurs. Here we tried to determine the effects of percutaneous access point, number and location on success as well as complication rates during PCNL. This was a prospective study of patients who underwent PCNL between august 2012 to November 2013............

Keywords: Complex calculi., intercostal chest drain, PCNL, supracostal

[1]. Rupel E, Brown R: Nephroscopy with removal of stone following nephrostomy for obstructive calculus anuria. J
Urol 1941; 46:177.
[2]. Goodwin WE, Casey WC, Woolf W: Percutaneous trocar (needle) nephrostomy in hydronephrosis. JAMA 1955; 157:891-894.
[3]. Alken P, Hutschenreiter G, Günther R, Marberger M: Percutaneous stone manipulation. J Urol 1981; 125: 463–466.
[4]. Wickham JEA, Kellet MJ, Miller RA: Elective percutaneous nephrolithotomy in 50 patients: an analysis of technique, results and
complications. J Urol 1983; 129: 904–906.
[5]. Segura JW, Patterson DE, LeRoy AJ, Williams HJ, Barrett DM, Benson RC, May GR,

Abstract: Intestinal knot formation is a rare cause of closed loop obstruction. It was first described by Riverius in the 16th century. The lesion consists of a knot formed between two loops of bowel, causing mechanical obstruction. Here we present a case of acute intestinal obstruction due to ileo-ileal knotting, which was surgically managed by emergency laparotomy. The ileo-ileal knot is a very rare surgical emergency that can rapidly evolve to gangrene of the affected bowel segment. It is very difficult to diagnose this condition preoperatively. High index of suspicion and early surgical intervention greatly reduces morbidity and mortality.

Keywords: Ileoileal knot, intestinal knot, intestinal obstruction

[1]. Kallio.E.D. 1932 . Die Knotenbildungen des Darmes. Acta chirurgica Scandinavia suppl,21,1-276
[2]. Mikal S,Byers JA.,Closed loop obstruction of the ileum due to an appendiceal knot J Am Med Assoc 1956 ;160;49-50 .

[3]. Vaez-Zadeh. K M.D., Dutz,W. M.D., Ileosigmoid knotting , Annals of surgery, Volume172, number 6, December 1970.
[4]. Shepherd JJ. The epidemiology and clinical presentation of sigmoid volvulus .Br J Surg 11969;56;353 -359 .
[5]. Nikolaos Andromanakos et al. An unusual synchronous ileosigmoid and ileoileal knotting: a case report, journal of medical case
reports , june 2014

Abstract: Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms (LUTS) associated with Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) and erectile dysfunctions (ED) are highly prevalent in men aged more than 50 years and significantly increase with age and compromise quality of life.This study was aimed to determine the association and incidence of Lower urinary tract symptoms with erectile dysfunction and to examine the relationship between the different elements of LUTS (Storage and Voiding). This study was conducted in the Department of Urology,
ChhatrapatiShahujiMaharaj Medical University, Lucknow, fromApril, 2009 – October 2010...........

Keywords: ED, IIEF (Erectile Function) Score, LUTS,Storage IPSS sub score, Total IPSS score

[1]. Bacon CG, Mittleman MA, Kawachi I, Giovannucci E, Glasser DB, Rimm EB. Sexual function in men olderthan 50 years of age:
results from the Health Professionals Follow-UpStudy. Ann Intern Med 2003; 139:161-8.
[2]. Rosen R, Altwein J, Boyle P, Kirby RS, Lukacs B, Meuleman E, et al. Lower urinary tract symptom sandmalesexual dysfunction:
the multinational survey of the aging male (MSAM-7). EurUrol 2003; 44:637-49.
[3]. Roberts RO, Jacobsen SJ, Rhodes T, Girman CJ, Guess HA, Lieber MM. Natural history of prostatism: impaired health states in
menwith lower urinary tract symptoms. J Urol 1997; 157: 1711-7.
[4]. Mazur DJ, Helfand BT, McVary KT. Influences of neuroregulatory factors on the development of lower urinary tract symptoms/
benign prostatic hyperplasia and erectile dysfunction in aging men. UrolClin North Am 2012; 39:77-88.

Abstract: Aim: Loop ileostomy has high complication rates and causes much patient inconvenience. This study was performed to compare the outcome of Santulli ileostomy versus loop ileostomy in newborns requiring enterostomy as diversion. Patients and Methods: From July 2010 to July 2015, all patients requiring laparotomy and a de-functioning proximal protective loop ileostomy considered advisable were chosen for this study. Patients were randomly assigned to undergo either Santulli ileostomy or classical loop ileostomy as the diversion procedure..........

Keywords: Neonates, Santulli Ileostomy, Loop Ileostomy, NEC, TCA, Meconium Ileus.

[1]. J. C. Duchesne, Y. Z. Wang, S. L. Weintraub, M. Boyle, and J. P. Hunt, "Stoma complications: a multivariate analysis," American Surgeon, vol. 68, no. 11, pp. 961–966, 2002. View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus

[2]. K. P. Riesener, W. Lehnen, M. Höfer, R. Kasperk, J. C. Braun, and V. Schumpelick, "Morbidity of ileostomy and colostomy closure: impact of surgical technique and perioperative treatment," World Journal of Surgery, vol. 21, no. 1, pp. 103–108, 1997. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar ·View at Scopus

[3]. L. J. Mann, P. J. Stewart, R. J. Goodwin, P. H. Chapuis, and E. L. Bokey, "Complications following closure of loop ileostomy," Australian and New Zealand Journal of Surgery, vol. 61, no. 7, pp. 493–496, 1991. View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus

[4]. R. B. Turnbull Jr. and F. L. Weakley, "Ileostomy technics and indications for surgery," Review of Surgery, vol. 23, no. 5, pp. 310–314, 1966. View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus

Abstract: Thyroid disorders are the most common endocrine diseases in India. Numerous studies in various countries differ in their prevalence rate for both hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism. This present crosssectional observational study was conducted in Bankura Sammilani Medical College, Bankura, West Bengal to find out the prevalence of thyroid disorders among the people of this district. This present study was done over 700 patients, attending hospital suspected of having thyroid disorders, were screened for thyroid function.............

Keywords: Serum TSH, fT4, Subclinical hypothyroidism, Overt hypothyroidism, Hyperthyroidism

[1]. Kasper D L, Fauci A S, Hauser S L, Longo D L, Jameson J L, Loscalzo J Eds. Harrison's Principles Of Internal Medicine. 19th Ed.
USA: Mcgraw-Hill Education; 2015.
[2]. National Academy Of Sciences. Institute Of Medicine. Food And Nutrition Board. Dietary Reference Intakes: The Essential Guide
To Nutrient Requirements. 2001.
[3]. UNNIKRISHNAN AG, MENON UV. THYROID DISORDERS IN INDIA: AN EPIDEMIOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE. INDIAN JOURNAL OF
ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM. 2011;15(SUPPL2):S78-S81.
[4]. Burtis CA, Burns DE. Tietz Text Book Of Clinical Chemistry And Molecular Diagnostic.Elesevier; 2012.

Abstract: Pleural effusion is excess fluid that accumulates between the two pleural layers, the fluid-filled space that surrounds the lungs. Excessive amounts of such fluid can impair breathing by limiting the expansion of the lungs during ventilation. The objective of this prospective study, carried out at Tirunelveli Medical College Hospital, was to document the clinic pathological correlations in pleural effusion. Materials And Methods: Medical records of 20 patients with pleural effusion who came to hospital and underwent thoracocentesis were collected. The collected pleural fluid was examined under microscope after H&E staining..............

Keywords: Pleural effusion, chest pain, dyspnoea

[1]. Morisson P, Neves DD. Evaluation of adenosine deaminase in the diagnosis of pleural tuberculosis: a Brazilian metaanalysis. J Bras
Pneumol. 2008;34(4):217-224.
[2]. Goto M, Noguchi Y, Koyama H, Hira K, Shimbo T, Fukui T. Diagnostic value of adenosine deaminase in tuberculous pleural
effusion: a meta-analysis. Ann Clin Biochem. 2003; 40(pt 4):374-381.
[3]. Sibley, Porcel JM, Light RW. Diagnostic approach to pleural effusion in adults. Am Fam Physician. 2006;73(7):1211-1220.
[4]. 4.. Chapman SJ, Cookson WO, Musk AW, Lee YC. Benign asbestos pleural diseases. Curr Opin Pulm Med. 2003;9(4):266-271.
[5]. Romero-Candeira S, Hernández L. The separation of transudates and exudates with particular reference to the protein gradient. Curr
Opin Pulm Med. 2004;10(4):294-298.

Abstract: Objective: To evaluated the role of OCT in the definitive diagnosis of photic retinopathy. Materials and methods: 41 eyes of 27 patients evaluated at Aravind Eye hospital, Pondicherry the with a diagnosis of solar retinopathy between 2007 and 2010 were included. A detailed history regarding watching solar eclipse, welding work and sungazing was noted. Examination of all the patients was carried out which included recording of duration of exposure, protective device used, if any, subjective symptoms, visual acuity (Snellens chart), fundus examination, refraction and OCT. OCT findings were analysed by two senior retina consultants..............

Keywords: Solar retinopathy , OCT, Photic retinopathy

[1]. Sadun AC, Sadun AA, Sadun LA.Solar Retinopathy-A Biophysical Analysis. Arch Ophthalmol 1984;102:1510-1512.
[2]. Retina-Vitreous-Macula, saunders company pp844.
[3]. Stangos AN, Petropoulos IK, Pournaras JC. Optical Coherence Tomography and Multifocal Electroretinogram Findings in Chronic
Solar Retinopathy. Am J Ophthalmol 2007;144:131–134.
[4]. Pang HG. Eclipse retinopathy. Am J Ophthalmol 1963;55:383–384.
[5]. Youssef PN , Sheibani N , Albert DM. Retinal light toxicity. Eye 2011; 25:1–14

Abstract: Broad ligament hematoma is a rare but dangerous complication that can occur following delivery. The incidence varies from 1 in 20,000 to 1 in 35,000 deliveries. It usually occurs following difficult and instrumental deliveries. It requires strong clinical suspicion to diagnose a case of broad ligament hematoma. The management varies from observation to surgical exploration. Here we present a case of broad ligament hematoma following a spontaneous vaginal delivery.

[1]. Saleem N, Ali HS, Irfan A, Afzal B. Broad ligament hematoma following a vaginal delivery in primigravida.Pak J Med Sci.
2009;25:683-685
[2]. Cunningham FG, Leveno KG, Bloom SL et al. William's Obstetrics. 24th edition. 2014
[3]. Gilstrap LC, Cunningham FG, VanDorsten JP. Operative Obstetrics. 2nd Edition 2002

Abstract: Aim: A modified liquid-based cytological technique referred to as the "LiquiPrepTM (LP) system" requires neither expensive equipment nor complicated specimen preparation. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of LP in cervical cancer screening by comparing it with VIA(Visual Inspection with Acetic acid) and VILI (Visual Inspection with Lugol's Iodine) using cervical biopsy findings as gold standard. Methods: Cervical cytology specimens were collected from 200 women. LP sample was taken with the help of a Rover Cervex brush, the tip of which was broken and dropped into the alcohol based LP preservative fluid which was further processed to prepare the slide.............

Keywords: Cervical cancer, liquid-based cytology, LiquiPrepTM, Pap smear test.

[1]. WHO/ICO Information centre on HPV and cervical cancer (HPV information centre).Human papilloma virus and related cancers in
India. www.who.int/hpvcentre

[2]. Ferlay J, Soerjomataram I, Ervik M, et al. GLOBOCAN 2012 v1.0, Cancer Incidence and Worldwide: IARC Cancer Base No.
11.Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer; 2013.
[3]. deVilliers E.M., Fauquet C.L, Brocker T, Bernard H.U, Zur Hausen H. Classification of papillomaviruses, Virology 2004, 324, 17-
27
[4]. IARC (2007). Human papilloma virus. IARC Monographs on the evaluation of carcinogenic risks to humans. Vol 90. Lyon France:
International Agency for Research on Cancer, 2007.pp 47.

Abstract: Background: Bacterial vaginosis is associated with adverse gynecological and pregnancy outcomes. Diagnosis is totally depending on molecular/culture methods with clinical co-relation. In appropriate interpretation might led to complication associated with pregnancy. Methods: In our study we have included culture and microscopy in association with clinicalhistory.Culture and microscopy was performed as per standard tests.Nugent 's scoring system was used for microscopy along with culture on blood agar and mac-conkey agar............

Keywords: Gardnerella vaginalis, Bacterial vaginosis, Nugent 's scoring system

[1]. J.L. Patterson, A. Stull-Lane, P.H. Girerd, K.K Jefferson. Analysis of adherence, biofilm formation and cytotoxicity suggests a
greater virulence potential of Gardnerella vaginalis relative to other bacterial-vaginosis-associated anaerobes. Microbiology2010;156: 392-399.
[2]. S.Srinivasan, DN. Fredricks. 2008. The human vaginal bacterial biota and bacterial vaginosis. Interdisciplinary Perspectives on
Infectious Diseases 2008: 1-22.
[3]. A.Swidsinski, W. Mendling, V.Loening-Baucke, S.Swidsinski, Y.Dorffel, J.Scholze, H. Lochs, H.Verstraelen. An adherent Gardnerella vaginalis biofilm persists on the vaginal epithelium after standard therapy with oral metronidazole. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 2008; 198:97–96.
[4]. YevgeniyTurovskiy, Katia Sutyak Noll, and Michael L. Chikindas. The etiology of bacterial vaginosis J ApplMicrobiol. 2011 May;
110(5): 1105–1128.

Abstract: To compare the frequency and severity of postdural puncture headache (PDPH) and technical difficulties in patient of age 18 -60 year planed for lower abdominal surgery. Method: 75 patient of age group 18-60 years with ASA I and ASA II, scheduled for abdominal surgery in spinal anaesthesia were taken and were divided into three groups of 25 patient each, accordingly to the size and
shape of the needle, 23 G Quincke (Group I) , 25 G Quincke (Group II) and 25 G Whitacre (Group III) . Parameters observed are frequency of PDPH, severity of PDPH and technical problem in term of number of attempt and failure rate.........

[1]. Ranasinghe JS , Steadmann J , Toyama T, lai M . Combined spinal epidural anaesthesia is better than spinal or epidural alone for
caesarean delivery . Br J Anaesthesia 2003;9(2); 299- 300.
[2]. Fauzia B , Saleem S, Safia Z, NabeelaR, Intrathacal fentanyl as ajunct to heyperbaric Bupivacaine in spinal anesthesia for Caesarean Section . JCPSP 2006; 16 (2):87- 90.
[3]. Hawkins JL, koonin LM, Palmer SK, Gibbs CP, Anesthesia related deaths during obstetric delivery in the United States .Anesthesiology 1997; 86(2); 674-7
[4]. Lybecker H, Djernes M, Schmidt JF. Postdural puncture headache. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 1995;39:605–12.
[5]. Lybecker H, Moller JT, May O, Nielsen HK. Incidence and prediction of post dural puncture headache: a prospective study of 1021 spinal anesthesias. Anesth Analg 1990;70:389–94.

Abstract: Background and Aim: The transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block is a novel approach for blocking the abdominal wall neural afferents and providing effective postoperative analgesia in patients undergoing lower abdominal wall surgery. We aimed to evaluate its analgesic efficacy during the first 24 postoperative hours, in patients undergoing caesarean delivery through a Pfannenstiel incision. Also, to evaluate the requirement of additional analgesics in the postoperative period and to study the time required for ambulation............

[1]. Farragher RA, Laffey JG. Postoperative pain management following caesarean section. In: Shorten G, Carr D, Harmon D, et al.,
eds. Postoperative pain management: an evidence-based guide to practice. 1st ed. Philadelphia, PA: Saunders Elsevier, 2006:225– 38.
[2]. McDonnell JG, O‟Donnell B, Curley G, Heffernan A, Power C, Laffey JG. The analgesic efficacy of transversusabdominis plane
block after abdominal surgery: a prospective randomized controlled trial. AnaesthAnalg 2007; 104:193–7.
[3]. McDonnell JG, Curley G, Carney J, Benton A, Costello J, Maharaj CH, et al. The analgesic efficacy of transversusabdominis plane
block after caesarean delivery: A randomized controlled trial. Anaesthesia Analgesia2008;106:186-191.
[4]. Dahl JB, Jeppesen IS, Jorgensen H, Wetterslev J, Moiniche S. Intraoperative and postoperative analgesic efficacy and adverse effects of intrathecal opioids in patients undergoing caesarean section with spinal anesthesia: A qualitative and quantitative systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Anaesthesiology 1999;91:1919-27.

Abstract: The purpose of this study was to measure some cytomorphometric parameters in different female uterine cervical conditions to study the progression of pathology from normal to neoplastic conditions. Using a computerised cytomorphometry cell measurement pro- gram, the study was based on a cross sectional study of smear cases diagnosed with different uterine cervical conditions from 2014 to 2015.From different kinds of microscopic image (Differential Interference contrast, Phase contrast, bright field microscopy) 100 pictures of normal cells and 100 pictures of pathological cells are selected.............

[1]. Jacques Ferlay,Hai-Rim Shin,Freddie Bray,David Forman,Colin Mathers,Donald Maxwell Parkin,‖Estimates of worldwide Burden
of cancer in 2008:GLOBOCAN 2008‖,International Journal of cancer,Volume-127,Issue-12,pages-2893-2917,15 December-2010
[2]. Simona Marcu, Emöke Fülöp, Mariana Tilincă,Antonella Cheşcă,‖Computerised Cytomorphometry In Cervical Neoplasia‖, Annals of RSCB, Vol. XV, Issue 2
[3]. Maud Bessems,Benedict M. Doorschodt,Jan van Marle,Heleen Vreeling,Alfred J. Meijer,Thomas M. van Gulik,―Improved machine perfusion preservation of the non-heart-beating donor rat liver using polysol: A new machine perfusion preservation solution‖, First
published: 19 October 2005,DOI: 10.1002/lt.20502, Volume 11, Issue 11,November 2005,Pages 1379–1388
[4]. http://www.bioimaging.northwestern.edu/methods.html
[5]. http://www.microscopyu.com/articles/phasecontrast/phasemicroscopy.html.

Abstract: Herpes is caused by Herpes simplex virus (HSV).HSV-1causes orofacial and genital infections.HSV-2 causes primarily genital infections. In the U.S.HSV-1 is more prevalent than HSV-2, and HSV-2 is predominant among American African, and women. Initial HSV infection is often subclinical. Viral replication occurs in ganglia, virus spreads to other mucosal surfaces through peripheral sensory nerves. Clinical manifestation include, skin and mucosal infection, orofacial herpes, genital herpes, herpetic whitlow, herpes encephalitis,
neonatal herpes acquired at the time of delivery, although rare but serious condition and herpes keratitis damage the eyes..............

Key words: Herpes, Herpes simplex virus (HSV),HSV-1,HSV-2,Management,and Prognosis

[1]. Mertz KJ,TreesD,LevineWC,etal.Etiology of gentital ulcers and prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus coinfection in 10 US
cities.TheGenital Ulcer Disease Surveillance Group.J Infect Dis.1998;178:1795-98.
[2]. ChayavichitsilpP,BuckwalterJV,KrakowskiAC,etal.Herpessimplex.PediatrRev.2009;30(4):119-29.
[3]. Looker KJ,GarnettGP,SchmidGP.An estimate of the global prevalence and incidence of herpes simplex virus type 2 infection
{http:// ncbi. nlm. nih.gov/ pmc/articles/PMC2649511).Bulletin of the World Health Organization. 2008; 86(10):805-12,A.
[4]. Looker KJ,GarnettGP,SchmidGP.An estimate of the global prevalence and incidence of herpes simplex virus type 2 infection http://
www. int/bulletin/ volumes/86/10/07-046128/en).Bull.World Health 0rgan.2008;86(10):805-12,A.
[5]. Xu Fujie,FujieXu.MayaR,etal.Trends in Herpes simplex Virus Type 1 and Type 2 Seroprevalence in the United
States.JAMA.2006;296(8):964-73.

Abstract: We have designed this study so as to compare the vertical parameters in the utility arch and a miniimplant treatment groups. Materials & Methods: 12subjects were enrolled in the study and were distributed in two groups. After the initiation of the mechanics all the patients were constantly monitored and the force levels repeatedly checked by Dontrix gauge. Various cephalometric parameters were also checked for difference..............

[1]. Amarnath BC, Prashant CSDharma RM. Clinical Overview of Deep Bite Management. IJCD 2010; 1(2): 30-33.
[2]. Gruenbaum, Tamar. Famous Figures in Dentistry Mouth . JASDA 2010; 30(1):18.
[3]. Sreedhar CVVR, Baratram S. Deep overbite—A review (Deep bite, Deep overbite, Excessive overbite). Annals and excesses of
dentistry. 2009; 1(1): 8-25.
[4]. Jain RK, Kumar SR, Manjula WS. Comparison of Intrusion Effects on Maxillary Incisors Among Mini Implant Anchorage, J-Hook
Headgear and Utility Arch. Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research. 2014, 8(7): ZC21-ZC24.
[5]. Sonnesen, Svensson. Temporomandibular disorders and psychological status in adult patients with a deep bite. Eur J Orthod. 2008;
30(6): 621-29.

Abstract: Sialolithiasis is a disease which affects the salivary glands and is characterized by the obstruction of the gland or its excretory duct due to the formation of calcified structures. The development of sialoliths is a multifactorial event. They are more often located within the ductal system of the submandibular gland (72%- 95%) than in the ductal system of the parotid gland (4%- 28%). The present study reports an uncommon case of sialolithiasis in a 45-year-old male patient who presented with swelling and pain in the right parotid duct and was treated by surgical removal of the stone via an intraoral approach under local anaesthesia.

Keywords: sialolithiasis, stenson's duct, salivary gland, local anaesthesia

[1]. Torres-Lagares, D., et al., Parotid sialolithiasis in Stensen's duct. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal, 2006. 11(1): p. E80-4.
[2]. Debnath, S.C. and A.K. Adhyapok, Sialolithiasis of an accessory parotid gland: an unusual case. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg, 2015.
53(7): p. 658-9.
[3]. Andretta, M., et al., Current opinions in sialolithiasis diagnosis and treatment. Acta Otorhinolaryngol Ital, 2005. 25(3): p. 145-9.
[4]. Moghe, S., et al., Parotid sialolithiasis. BMJ Case Rep, 2012. 2012.
[5]. Sam J.Daniel, A., Open surgical management of sialolithiasis. Operative Techniques in Otolaryngology, 2015(26): p. 143–149.

Abstract: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) due to its varied presentations and multisystem involvement has become a major cause of mortality and morbidity encountered in practice of modern medicine. A large proportion of patients with HIV-AIDS present with a wide spectrum of gastrointestinal symptoms during the course of the disease1.Studies on the prevalence of GI symptom, diagnosis, endoscopic findings and management in the Indian population is lacking. Hence we studied the clinical and endoscopic manifestations in HIV infected patients with upper GI symptoms..............

[1]. Lorenz KA, Shapir MF,Asch SM, Bozzete SA, Hays RD. Association of symptoms and health related quality of life: Findings
from a National study ofpersons with HIV infection. Ann Intern Med. 2001; 134:854-68.
[2]. Weber R, Ledergerber B, Zbinden R, Altwegg M, Pfyffer GE, Spycher MA et al. Enteric infections and diarrhoea in human
immunodeficiency virus-infected persons: prospective community-based cohort study. Swiss HIV Cohort Study. Arch Intern
[3]. Med 1999;159:1473-1480.
[4]. Bruera E, Kuehn N, Miller MJ, Selmser P, Macmillan K. The Edmonton Symptom Assessment System (ESAS): a simple
method for the assessment of palliative care patients. J Palliat Care 1991;7:6–9.
[5]. Wilcox CM, Saag MS. Gastrointestinal complications of HIV infection: changing priorities in the HAART era. Gut 2008;57:861-
870.

Abstract: Introduction: Congenital mullerian defects are more common than generally recognized and its prevalence among fertile/ infertile women vary from 3-4%(1). Mullerian anomalies are associated with poor reproductive outcome. Objective: To resume normal menstruation and reproduction by creation of normal anatomy in case of mullerian anomaly..............

Keywords: Conservative surgery , Mullerian anomalies, Reconstructive surgery, Tubal implantation

[1]. Speroff L. The uterus. Mitchell C, ed. Clinical Gynecologic Endocrinology and Infertility. 8th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Lippincott
Williams & Wilkins; 2005. 143.
[2]. Acién P. Incidence of Müllerian defects in fertile and infertile women. Hum Reprod. 1997 Jul. 12(7):1372-6.
[3]. Raga F, Bauset C, Remohi J, et al. Reproductive impact of congenital Mullerian anomalies. HumanReproduction 1997; 2277 :
2281-2312.
[4]. Evans TN, Poland ML, Boving RL. Vaginal malformations. Am J ObstetGynecol 1981;141:910–20.
[5]. The American Fertility Society classifications of adnexal adhesions, distal tubal occlusion, tubal occlusion secondary to tubal
ligation, tubal pregnancies, müllerian anomalies and intrauterine adhesions. FertilSteril. 1988; 49: 944 – 955.

Abstract: Although gynaecomastia is a well-documented manifestation among male patients with hyperthyroidism, it is extremely rare to present as the initial or chief complaint in a subject with undiagnosed hyperthyroidism. However the association of neuropathy with thyrotoxicosis is not frequently recognized. We report a case of a 28-year-old, who was followed for idiopathic poly neuropathy complicated by paraplegia. Examination revealed bilateral gynaecomastia without symptom of hyperthyroidism. Hyperthyroidism was confirmed biochemically secondary to nodular goiter. Treatment of thyrotoxicosis resulted in resolution of the gynaecomastia and probably his neuropathy..............

Keyswords: hyperthyroidism, gynécomatia, polyneuropathy

[1]. Becker KL, Winnacker JL,MatthewsMJ, Higgins GA. Gynecomastia and hyperthyroidism. An endocrine and histological
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Abstract: Introduction: Although breastfeeding protects the children from many adverse health conditions but controversy is still present regarding its role in the development of asthma and allergy. Many studies support a modest protective effect of breastfeeding against wheeze and asthma in infancy and early childhood. However, in later childhood (age 6 years and above) the protective effect of breastfeeding on asthma is less evident and there are some recent studies which suggest that breastfeeding actually increases the risk of asthma, wheeze or atopy to aeroallergens at older ages..............

Keywords: Asthma, Breast feeding, Childhood asthma, Exclusive breast feeding

[1]. Gdalevich M, Mimouni D, Mimouni M. Breast-feeding and the risk of bronchial asthma in childhood: a systematic review with
meta-analysis of prospective studies. J Pediatr 2001;139(2):261–6.
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asthma? A study of Brazilian male adolescents. Am J Public Health 2003;93(11):1858–64.

Abstract: Although surgery is currently the treatment of choice for managing endometriosis, recurrence poses a formidable challenge. Goserlin acetateis one of the most widely used medical therapies of endometriosisto induce ovarian suppression. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of goserlin acetate treatment on the hormonal changes (Luteinizing Hormone (LH), Follicle Stimulating Hormones (FSH), Testosterone (Test.) and Estradiol (E2)),antioxidant status (A, E, β-carotene and C) vitamins, Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10), uric acid (UA) and oxidative stress (MDA) in goserelin-treated patients with endometriosis.Ninety women were participated.............

Keyword: Recurrence endometriosis, goserlin acetate, oxidative stress and antioxidant

[1]. AshokAgarwal, Anamar Aponte-Mellado, Beena J Premkumar, Amani Shaman, Sajal Gupta. The effects of oxidative stress
on female reproduction: a review. Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology, 2012; 10(49):1-31.
[2]. ThomasD'Hooghe, ChristelMeuleman, Sophie Debrock. Is the endometriosis recurrence rate increased after ovarian
hyperstimulation?. Fertility and Sterility, 2006; 86(2):283-290.
[3]. Sebihaozkan, William murk, Aydin. Endometriosis and Infertility Epidemiology and Evidence-based Treatments, New York
Academy of Sciences, 2008; 1127:92–100.
[4]. Dan Wang, Yuhuan Liu, Jie Han, et al. Puerarin Suppresses Invasion and Vascularization of Endometriosis Tissue
Stimulated by 17b-Estradiol. PLoS ONE, 2011; 6(9):1-6.
[5]. Engel JB, Schally AV, Engel JB, et al. Drug Insight: clinical use of agonists and antagonists of luteinizing-hormonereleasing
hormone. Nat ClinPractEndocrinolMetab, 2007; 3(2):157-67.

Abstract: Gestational hypertension exerts a great challenge on the maternal cardiovascular system, in spite of this fact, there is lack of reports regarding the maternal diastolic function in gestational hypertension which precedes systolic dysfunction in any cardiovascular complications. Objectives: To evaluate the maternal left ventricular diastolic function in gestational hypertensive women in the third trimester by measuring the mitral inflow parameters with pulse wave Doppler and Tissue Doppler Imaging..............

Keywords: Gestational Hypertension; Echocardiograph; Diastolic function;Pregnancy

[1]. Lisa A. Simmons, Adrian G. Gillin and Richmond W. Jeremy. Structural and functional changes in left ventricle during
normotensive and preeclamptic pregnancy. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol.2002, 283: H1627–H1633.
[2]. Ouzounian JG, Elkayam U. Physiologic changes during normal pregnancy and delivery. Cardiol Clin. 2012, 30: 317-329.
[3]. Ahmed, R.; Dunford, J.; Mehran, R.; Robson, S.; Kunadian, V. Pre-eclampsia and future cardiovascular risk among women: A
review. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 2014, 63: 1815–1822.
[4]. Barbosa, I.R.; Silva, W.B.; Cerqueira, G.S.; Novo, N.F.; Almeida, F.A.; Novo, J.L. Maternal and fetal outcome in women with
hypertensive disorders of pregnancy: The impact of prenatal care. Ther. Adv. Cardiovasc. Dis. 2015, 9: 140–146.
[5]. IOM (Institute of Medicine) and NRC (National Research Council). 2009. Weight Gain during Pregnancy: Reexamining the
Guidelines. Washington, DC: the National Academies Press. December 10, 2012.

Abstract: Background: A reliable and reproducible Medical Laboratory (haematology) result needs internal and external quality control within the Medical Laboratory facilities and participation in external proficiency testing program such as this validation checks of inter-laboratory haematology results in Enugu – Nigeria. Objectives: This study was done to assess haematology laboratory performance and uniformity of results through comparison of manual and automated methods by participating laboratories in reporting test samples sent for complete blood counts and CD4–T-cell counts.............

Keywords: Automated, Haematology, Lymphocytes, Haemoglobin

[1]. Saxema, R., Katoch, S., Upendrs, S., Seema, R. and Hema, A.(2007). Impact of External Haematology Proficiency testing
programme on quality of laboratories. Indian Journal of Medical Research. 126(2): 428 – 432.
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Journal. 4 (1): 253 – 256.
[3]. World Health Organization (WHO 2002). Quality Assurance in Microbiology. Ikeh, E. I. (2002). Quality Assurance in Medical
Microbiology / Parasitiology. Journal of Medical Laboratory Science. 2 (2): 14-15.
[4]. Emeribe, A. O. (2002). Update on Quality Assurance in Haemotology. Journal of medical laboratory Science. 2 (2): 22-23.
[5]. Sunde, U. (2002): Structure, Management and Delivery of Quality Assurance in Nigeria Clinical Laboratory Service. Journal of
Medical Laboratory Science. 2(2): 14-16.