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Abstract: Since ancient period, river sand has been used in the construction industry as a dominant material from the level of foundation to the end of a project .Today demand for sand continues to increase to meet the needs of growth in population. Excessive instream sand mining causes the degradation of rivers and creating ecological imbalance. Instream mining lowers the stream bottom, which may lead to bank erosion and may lead for river meandering. It is the need of the hour to investigate for a suitable alternative material for sand like stone crusher powder and granite fines etc..............
Keywords: Degradation of rivers, Environmental impacts, Stone crusher powder, Alternative material
[1]. M.S. Shetty, Concrete Technology Theory and Practice, 5thedition, S.Chand & Co. Ltd., New Delhi
[2]. I.R.Mithanthaya, Jayaprakash Narayan, Replacement of Sand by Quarry Dust for Plastering and in the Pavement Design,
Proceedings of national Symposium at Karunya Institute of Technology on 20-21,December 2002, pp 9-15.
[3]. B.P.Hudson, Manufactured sand for concrete, The Indian Concrete Journal, May 1997 , pp237-240.
[4]. M.S.Jaafar, W.A.Thanoon, M.R.A.Kadir and D.N.Trikha, Strength and Durability characteristics of high strength autoclaved
stone dust concrete, The Indian concrete journal, December 2002 , pp771-774.
[5]. A.K.Sahu, Sunil kumar and A.K.Sachan, Crushed stone waste as fine aggregate for concrete, The Indian Concrete Journal,
January 2003 pp845-847.
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Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
Title | : | Objective Image-based Analysis of Leg ulcers - A Pilot Study |
Country | : | India |
Authors | : | Dilesh A. Mogre || Sundaram Kartikeyan |
: | 10.9790/0853-1607020711 |
Abstract: The clinical appearance of leg ulcers is an important factor in the clinical assessment of healing progress. Digital imaging techniques, being objective and reproducible, have advantages over human assessment of wounds. In this cross-sectional, prospective study, conducted in a teaching hospital in Western India, images of 45 chronic leg ulcers were obtained using a digital camera to objectively analyze ulcer images with the help a software system..............
Keywords: Leg ulcers, Digital image analysis, Applied Wound Management assessment tool
[1] R. S. Kirsner, and A. C. Vivas, Lower-extremity ulcers: diagnosis and management, Br J Dermatol, 173(2), 2015, 379-390.
[2] S. K. Gupta, and V. K. Shukla, Leg Ulcers in the Tropics, The Int J of Low Extremity Wounds, 1, 2002, 58-61.
[3] R. Shobhana, P. R. Rao, A. Lavanya, V. Vijay, A. Ramachandran, Cost burden to diabetic patients with foot complications: A study from Southern India, J Assoc Physicians India, 48, 2000, 1147-1150.
[4] C. V. Ruckley, Socio-economic impact of chronic venous insufficiency and leg ulcers, Angiology, 48, 1997, 67-69.
[5] C. A. Fleck, Identifying infection in chronic wounds, Adv Skin Wound Care, 19(1), 2006, 20-21..
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Abstract: Aim of this study is to compare the efficacy of different irrigation systems for removal of Modified Triple Antibiotic Paste from Root Canal.90 human extracted single rooted teeth were decoronatedand prepared using K files(Mani) up to size 40# and filled with modified Triple Antibiotic Paste. After preservation for 21 days in the normal saline, roots were divided randomly into 6 groupsPositive control (n=15), 30 gauge Side Vented Needle(n=15), EndoVac (Apical negative pressure) (n=15), EndoActivator (Sonic irrigation system)..............
Keywords: EndoActivator; EndoVac; Modified Triple Antibiotic Paste;Passive ultrasonic; Side Vented Needle;
[1]. Diogenes A, Henry MA, Teixeria FB, Hargreaves KM. An update on clinical regenerative endodontics.Endod Topics 2013;28:2–23.
[2]. Hoshino E, Kurihara-Ando N, Sato I, et al.In-vitro antibacterial susceptibility of bacteria taken from infected root dentine to a mixture of ciprofloxacin, metronidazole and minocycline. IntEndod J 1996;29:125–30.
[3]. Trope M. Treatment of the immature tooth with a non-vital pulp and apical periodontitis. Dent Clin North Am 2010;54:313–24.
[4]. Thibodeau B, Trope M. Pulp revascularization of a necrotic infected immature permanent tooth: case report and review of the literature. Pediatr Dent 2007;29:47–50.
[5]. Kim JH, Kim Y, Shin SJ, et al. Tooth discoloration of immature permanent incisor associated with triple antibiotic therapy: a case report. J Endod 2010;36:1086–91..
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Abstract: The pathogenesis of neuropathy in type 2 diabetes mellitus is multifactorial. This study is aimed to assess any association of dyslipidemias with peripheral neuropathy in type 2 diabetes mellitus. It also reveals any difference in lipid profile between asymptomatic (without symptoms of peripheral neuropathy) and symptomatic (with symptoms of peripheral neuropathy) subjects of diabetes mellitus.
Keywords: Type 2 Diabetes mellitus, DPN, DN, Dyslipidemias, HbA1c.
[1]. King H, Aubert RE, Herman WH. Global burden of diabetes, 1995–2025: prevalence, numerical estimates, and projections. Diab Care 1998; 21(9): 1414-1431.
[2]. Sicree R, Shaw J, Zimmet P. Diabetes and impaired glucose tolerance in India. Diabetes Atlas. Gan D Ed. International Diabetes Federation, Belgium. International Diabetes Federation; 2006 p. 15-103.
[3]. Mohan V, Sandeep S, Deepa R, Shah B & Varghese C. Epidemiology of type 2 diabetes: Indian scenario, Indian J Med Res 125, March 2007, pp 217-230.
[4]. Rema M, Deepa R, Mohan V. Prevalence of retinopathy at diagnosis among Type 2 diabetic patients attending a diabetic centre in South India. Br J Ophthalmol2000; 84 : 1058-1060.
[5]. Ramachandran A, Snehalatha C, Satyavani K, Latha E, Sasikala R, Vijay V. Prevalence of vascular complications and their risk factors in type 2 diabetes. J Assoc Physicians India 1999;47:1152- 1156..
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Abstract: Objectives: It is uncertain if exercise could influence the occurrence of T2DM in offspring of diabetic parents. Therefore this study was designed to assess the effect of exercise on fasting blood glucose and oral Glucose Tolerance Test on offspring of T2DM parents compared with offspring of non-diabetic parents. Design: This study involved selection of 10 offspring of T2DM parents attending University College Hospital, Ibadan and 10 offspring of non-diabetic parents who are undergraduate students of the University of Ibadan, Nigeria. Participants were randomly assigned into four groups.............
Keywords: Graded exercise, Diabetic parents' offspring, Fasting Blood Glucose.
[1]. Bacha F., Lee S.,Gungor N., Arslanian S. (2010) From pre-diabetes to type 2 diabetes in obese youth: pathophysiological characteristics along the spectrum of glucose dysregulation. Diabetes Care 33: 2225-2231.
[2]. Diabetes Care 20008 Aug 31 (8) 1473-8, America Diabetes Association (ADA).
[3]. Hoyert DL, Heron MP,Murphy SL, Kung H. National Vital Statistics Reports: Deaths: Final Data for 2003. Vol 54. No. 13. Hyattsville, MD: National Center for Health Statistics; 2006.
[4]. Genuth S, Alberti KG, Bennett P, et al; Expert Committee on the Diagnosis and glucose in adults in the US population: National Health And Nutrition Examination
[5]. Wagner R, Thorand B, Osterhoff MA, Müller G, Böhm A, Meisinger C et al. Family history of diabetes is associated with higher risk for prediabetes: a multicentre analysis from the German Center for Diabetes Research. Diabetologia 2013; 56: 2176–2180.
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Abstract: Introduction: Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) is still a major problem in developing countries, with mitral stenosis being the most frequent manifestation. Percutaneous mitral valvuloplasty has emerged as the procedure of choice in most patients with symptomatic mitral stenosis. Late recurrence of symptoms after the procedure is mostly related to mitral restenosis. A few reports are available about percutaneous valvuloplasty in restenosis of the mitral valve, but factors predicting the outcomes are not clear. In this study we tried to explore clinical characters and short term out-comes of percutaneous balloon mitral valvuloplasty in symptomatic severe mitral restenosis.............
Keywords: Closed mitral commissurotomy, Mitral stenosis, Percutaneous mitral valvuloplasty, Restenosis, Rheumatic heart disease
[1]. Marijon E, Mirabel M, Celermajer DS, Jouven X. Rheumatic heart disease. Lancet. 2012; 379:953-964
[2]. Mathur KS, Wahal PK. Epidemiology of rheumatic heart disease-a study of 29,922 school children. Indian heart Journal. 1982; 34:367-71.
[3]. Reyes VP, Raju BS, Wynne J, Stephenson LW, Raju R, Fromm BS, Rajagopal P, Mehta P, Singh S, Rao DP. Percutaneous balloon valvuloplasty valvuloplasty compared with open surgical commissurotomy for mitral stenosis. N Engl J Med. 1994;331:961–967.
[4]. Ben Farhat M, Ayari M, Maatouk F, Betbout F, Gamra H, Jarra M, Tiss M, Hammami S, Thaalbi R, Addad F. Percutaneous balloon versus surgical closed and open mitral commissurotomy: seven-year follow-up results of a randomized trial. Circulation. 1998;97:245–250.
[5]. Raju S Iyer, Rajnish Jain, Manoj Padmanabhan, Abha Chandra, Sanjeev Agarwal, Raja Sekhar D, et al. Closed Mitral Valvotomy versus Balloon Valvuloplasty: A Comparison of 100 Cases. Asian Cardiovascular and Thoracic Annals 1998; 6:285-287..
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Abstract: Introduction: Low back pain is very common worldwide and lumbosacral radiculopathy is an extremely painful condition. In this study we aimed to assess the functional outcome in patients who underwent minimally invasive microdisectomy at our institution.
Methodology: A prospective study was conducted in the Department of Orthopedics, AJ Institute of Medical Sciences, Mangalore, Karnataka from August 2014 till August 2016...............
Keywords: microdisectomy, back pain, disc herniation, complications, pain
[1]. Pengel LH, Herbert RD, Maher CG, Refshauge KM. Acute low back pain: systematic review of its prognosis. BMJ 2003; 327:323.
[2]. Vroomen PC, de Krom MC, Knottnerus JA. Predicting the outcome of sciatica at short-term follow-up. Br J Gen Pract 2002; 52:119.
[3]. Fukui M, Chiba K, Kawakami M, Kikuchi SI, Konno SI, Miyamoto M, Seichi A, Shimamura T, Shirado O, Taguchi T, Takahashi K. Japanese orthopaedic association back pain evaluation questionnaire. Part 3. Validity study and establishment of the measurement scale. Journal of Orthopaedic Science. 2008 May 1;13(3):173.
[4]. Macnab IA. Negative disc exploration. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1971 Jul 1;53(5):891-903.
[5]. Hirabayashi K, Miyakawa J, Satomi K, Maruyama T, Wakano K. Operative results and postoperative progression of ossification among patients with ossification of cervical posterior longitudinal ligament. Spine. 1981 Jul 1;6(4):354-64.
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Abstract: Titanium (Ti) and its alloys have been demonstrated to have considerablesuccess in various surgical procedures including orthopedic, maxillofacial, as a result of their excellent biocompatibility and resistance to corrosion. Titanium is therefore being preferred worldwide. The aim of this prospective and randomized comparative study is to test the biocompatibility and corrosion rate of the pure titanium implant and 316 stainless steel implants material.............
Keywords: Pure Titanium implants, Osseointegration, Biocompatibility Corrosion Rate, Histopathological
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[2]. M. Niinomi, Mat. Sci. Eng. A243 (1998) 231-236 J. R. Davis, Handbook of materials for medical devices, ASM international, 2003
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[4]. Abramson S, Alexander H, Best S, etalclasses of materials used in medicine. In: Ratner B, Hoffman A, Schoen F, Lemons J, eds: Biomaterials science. An introduction to materials in medicine. San Diego: Elsevier Academic press 2004: 67-233
[5]. Adell R, Ericksson B, Lekholm V, Branemark PI, Jemt t. A long-term follow up study of osseointegrated implants in the treatment of the totally edentulous jaw. Int J oral Maxillofac Implants 1990: 5: 347-359.
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Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
Title | : | Ectrodactyly or Lobster Claw Syndrome |
Country | : | India |
Authors | : | Dr. Dama Aneesha || Dr. Geetha Lakshmi || Dr .K .Saraswathi |
: | 10.9790/0853-1607024649 |
Abstract: Split-hand/split-foot malformation is a rare limb malformation with median clefts of the hands and feet and aplasia/hypoplasia of the phalanges, metacarpals and metatarsals. When present as an isolated anomaly, it is usually inherited as an autosomal dominant form We report a case of autosomal dominant inheritance and discuss the antenatal diagnosis, genetic counseling and treatment for the malformation. keywords: autosomal dominant,split hand/split foot malformation,syndactyly.
[1]. Di Iorio E, Kaye SB, Ponzin D, Barbaro V, Ferrari S, Böhm E, et al. Limbal stem cell deficiency and ocular phenotype in ectrodactyly-ectodermal dysplasia-clefting syndrome caused by p63 mutations. Ophthalmology (2012) 119(1):74–83. doi:10.1016/j.ophtha.2011.06.044
[2]. Yang A, Kaghad M, Wang Y, Gillett E, Fleming MD, Dötsch V, et al. p63, a p53 homolog at 3q27-29, encodes multiple products with transactivating, death-inducing, and dominant-negative activities. Mol Cell (1998) 2(3):305–16. doi:10.1016/S1097-2765(00)80275-0
[3]. Brunner HG, Hamel BCJ, Van Bokhoven H. The p63 gene in EEC and other syndromes. J Med Genet (2002) 39(6):377–81. doi:10.1136/jmg.39.6.377
[4]. Fukushima Y, Ohashi H, Hasegawa T. The breakpoints of the EEC syndrome (ectrodactyly, ectodermal dysplasia and cleft lip/palate) confirmed to 7q11.21 and 9p12 by fluorescence in situ hybridization. Clin Genet (1993) 44(1):50. doi:10.1111/j.1399-0004.1993.tb03843.x
[5]. Qumsiyeh MB. EEC syndrome (ectrodactyly, ectodermal dysplasia and cleft lip/palate) is on 7p11.2-q21.3. Clin Genet (1992) 42(2):101. doi:10.1111/j. 1399-0004.1992.tb03149.x.
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Abstract: Introduction: Hepatic encephalopathy is a reversible neuro-psychiatric syndrome occurring in majority of patients with decompensated chronic liver disease(CLD). Prognosis of Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) depends upon past h/o hematemesis/ melena and HE but not related to the aetiology of CLD. Rifaximin and lactulose have similar efficacy for treatment of acute HE . Purpose of this study is to compare the effectiveness of 3 modes of treatment for 7 days in terms of clinical improvement / deterioration who have or have not past h/o hematemesis/ melenaand or HE...............
Keywords: Hepatic encephalopathy , chronic liver disease ,Rifaximin,Lactulose
[1]. Schfer DF, Jones EA. Hepatic encephalopathy. In Zakim D, Boyer TD, editors. Hepatology. A Textbook of liver disease . Philadelphia: W. B. Saunders, 1990 ;447-460
[2]. Abou-Assi S, Vlahcevic ZR. Hepatic encephalopathy. Metabolic consequence of cirrhosis often is reversible. Postgrad. Med. 2001; 109: 52-54, 57-60, 63-65.
[3]. Kalaitzakis E, Josefsson A, Bjornsson E. Type and etiology of liver cirrhosis are not related to the presence of hepatic encephalopathy or health related quality of life: a cross sectional study. BMC Gastroenterology 2008; 8:46
[4]. Bustamante J, Rimola A,Ventura P,et.al. Prognostic significance of Hepatic encephalopathy in patients with cirrhosis. J Heptol 1999;30:890-5
[5]. Stewart CA, Malinchoc M, Kim WR predictor of survival in patients with end stage liver disease. Liver Transpl 2007;13:1366-71.
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Abstract: Moyamoya disease is a rare idiopathic progressive vaso-occlusive disorder characterized by irreversible condition of main blood vessels to the brain as they enter into the skull. We present a case of 48 years old Indian female presenting to the Hospital with sudden onset of loss consciousness followed by facial deviation to the left side with weakness on right half of the body, also associated with headache. The patient was investigated with CT Angiogram, diagnosed as moyamoya disease.
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Abstract: Context: Apart from the known risk factors for CAD i.e., smoking, hypertension, obesity, and LDL cholesterol, current knowledge suggests the possible role of hypertriglyceridaemia as an important risk factor for atherogenesis in diabetics. Further the role of postprandial triglyceride elevation is recently gaining importance as an early abnormality in type 2 diabetic subjects. Aim of the study 1. To assess the value of postprandial hypertriglyceridemia as a marker of macro vascular events in type 2 diabetes mellitus...............
Keywords: Post Prandial Hypertriglyceridemia, Macrovascular Complications, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
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the Paris Prospective Study. Diabetologia 1989; 32: 300–304..
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Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
Title | : | Impact of Bio-statistics in Medical Sciences |
Country | : | Saudi Arabia |
Authors | : | Mobin Ahmad |
: | 10.9790/0853-1607026366 |
Abstract: Biostatistics is undesirably seen as a mathematical science. Time now is to reorient the subject with the goal that it makes the most of its legitimate place into medical disciplines as opposed to being dealt with as an outsider subject. The accompanying is a concise blueprint of the arrangement of showing this subject can be extremely persuading to medical undergraduates as the one that satisfies their medical need. In the same way as other fields, public health has grasped the procedure of confirmation based practice to illuminate rehearse choices and to guide arrangement advancement..............
Keywords: Bio-statistics, Medical Sciences, public health, process, development, policy, research, experimental design, mathematical, statistical modeling, pharmaceutical companies.
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Abstract: Aim: To explore the correlation of sFRP2 and β-catenin with colorectal carcinogenesis. Methods: Immunohistochemical staining was used to detect the expression of sFRP2 and β-catenin in 54 cases of colorectal cancer and 32 cases of normal colorectal mucosa, to detect the expression level and positive rate of sFRP2 and β-catenin. The expression of sFRP2 gene in colorectal cancer cell line HCT116 was up-regulated by plasmid transfection, it was verified by Western blot.Then we conduct CCK-8 method, wound-healing assay and Transwell assay.............
Keywords: Colorectal cancer; sFRP2; β-catenin; HCT116
[1]. Kun Liu, Ren Zhao. Research progression in markers associated with colorectai liver metastasis. Chin J Gastrointest Surg, 2013, 16(8): 794-796.
[2]. Hans Clevers, Roel Nusse. Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling and Disease. Cell, 2012, 149(6):1192.
[3]. Willert K, Nusse R. Wnt proteins. Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in Biology, 2012, 4(4):a007864-a007864.
[4]. Wang J, Sinha T, Wynshaw-Boris A. Wnt signaling in mammalian development: lessons from mouse genetics. Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in Biology, 2012, 4(5):570-581.
[5]. Anastas J N, Moon R T. Wnt signalling pathways as therapeutic targets in cancer. Nature Reviews Cancer, 2013, 13(1):11-26...
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Abstract: Aim: To study the role of the age old Denis Browne (buried strip) principle in the present era of hypospadias surgery and urethrocutaneous fistula repair along with the Tunica Vaginalis flap (TVF) to wrap the buried strip with a perurethral catheter(PUC ) over it. Material And Methods: Over a period of 9 months in 7 patients with primary hypospadias and 4 patients with urethrocutaneous fistula, developed following hypospadias surgery, i.e. total 11 patients; "buried strip" urethroplasty ( i.e. without tubularization of the urethral plate ) and wrapping with TV flap was done. PUC was kept for 11-21 days, still the wound is dry, for urinary diversion. Period of follow up was 3-9 months. It is an ongoing prospective study we are reporting our interim results................
Keywords: Denis Browne, buried strip, hypospadias, urethrocutaneous fistula, Tunica Vaginalis flap, urethroplasty
[1]. Baskin LS. Hypospadias and urethral development. J Urol 2000;163:951-6
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[4]. Uday s. Chatterjee and Subir k. Chatterjee, "Regenerative urethroplasty in reoperativehypospadias : buried strip principle revisited‟, J Indian AssocPediatr Surg. 2012 APR-JUN;17(2):63-67
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Abstract: The most common early sign of hodgkin lymphoma is a painless swelling (enlargement) of one or more lymph nodes. Lymphoma presenting as a soft tissue mass is relatively uncommon and can easily be confused with a wide variety of inflammatory conditions (neoplasia as well as infectious diseases). Chest wall involvement is uncommon and occurs in about 0.64% of cases . It may represent either an initial manifestation of the disease or a site of recurrence. Here we present a case of Hodgkin lymphoma presenting as soft tissue mass in right side of chest wall without nodal involvement.
Keywords: Hodgkins lymphoma, soft tissue mass, chest wall
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Abstract: Pneumoperitoneum in traumatic patients almost always indicates a underlying bowel pathology. We present a case report where pneumothorax and pneumomediastinum associated with Tracheobronchial injury causing/presenting as pneumoperitoneum. Treatment Protocol of such presentation has not yet been standardised due to its rare presentation.
Keywords: Pneumoperitoneum, pneumothorax, pneumomediastinum, tracheobronchial injury
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Abstract: Bone marrow aspiration (BMA) is a relatively safe invasive procedure by which representative sample of bone marrow is obtained through a needle aspiration for diagnostic evaluations. A total of 331 cases of anemia were profiled during the study period. The age range of patients were from 10 to 81 years. The majority of the subjects was in the adolescent age group of 10 – 19 years(20.54%). A complete blood count and peripheral smear examination in these cases revealed 125(37.76%) microcytic hypochromic anemia followed by 116(35.05%) Dimorphic anemia,23(6.95%)Pancytopenia, 23(6.95%)leukemia,31 cases (9.37%) macrocytic anemia,2 haemolytic anemia and 11(3.32%) were normocytic. These cases were further evaluated with bone marrow examination bone-marrow..............
Keywords: Anemia, Bone marrow aspiration, Cytology,Histopathology.
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Abstract: The term "Metabolic Syndrome" has become widely used since its inception in 2001 by the NCEPATPIII, the concept of "clustering" metabolic disorders and Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) risk factors has been discussed in the scientific literature for many decades. The highest recorded prevalence worldwide is in Native Americans, with nearly 60% of women ages 45–49 and 45% of men ages 45–49 meeting NCEP:ATPIII criteria. Prevalence of the metabolic syndrome ranges from about 11 to 41 per cent in different regions of India.............
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Abstract: Introduction: Cognition is defined as the capacity of the brain to process information accurately leading to an adaptive behaviour. This study aims at understanding the decline in cognition in patients diagnosed with epilepsy in India using a standardized cognition scale. Methodology: We did a case control study in the Department of Psychiatry, Government Medical College, Miraj in which all patients with a diagnosis of epilepsy from October 2016 till February 2017 were included.............
Keywords: cognition, epilepsy, epidemiology, memory, intelligence.
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Abstract: The aim of the study was to find the prevalence of hyponatremia in elderly patients admitted with femoral neck fracture. This was retrospective study of patients admitted with femoral neck fracture during YEAR 2016. The data was retrieved from hospital data base. The were 90 cases with femoral neck fracture and 400 controls( group 1 of 200 control population > 18 years, group 2 of 200 contol population > 50 years). Serum sodium was lower in cases than in both the control group (133.2 vs 139.1, 133.2 vs 138.7, P<0.001). The prevalence of hyponatremia was also higher in cases.............
Keywords: Hyponatremia, Fracture neck of femur, Elderly, Gait.
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Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
Title | : | Bone Marrow Study in Patients of Pancytopenia |
Country | : | India |
Authors | : | Dr.Sapna Dhakad || Dr. Sudha Iyengar || Dr. Bharat Jain |
: | 10.9790/0853-160702109113 |
Abstract: Introduction: Pancytopenia is defined as reduction in all three major componpents of blood,results from number of disease processes. Pancytopenia develops by varieties of mechanism, due to decrease in haematopoeitic cell production as a result of destruction of marrow by toxins suppression of normal growth and differentiation. Patients present with anaemia leucopenia and thrombocytopenia Material And Methods: This is study done retrospectively of 80 patients from january 2015 to december 2016(2 year study), presenting with pancytopenia,............
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Abstract: Aim: study the effect of double-arm clasps as retainer units for bilateral mandibular distal extension removable partial denture regard:Study of stress analysis applied on the abutments (in-vitro) and abutment alveolar bone height changes (in-vivo).The retainer clasps includes: Reverse circlet clasp and Modified Half-and-Half clasp assembly. Materials and methods:In-vitro study: Model RPD distal extension with three frameworks of different retainer units for stress analysis.In-vivo study: In a randomized controlled clinical trial, fifteen patients with completely edentulous maxilla and remaining mandibular eightanterior teeth including 1st premolar. They were randomly divided to three groups..............
Keywords: mandibular, retainer, reverse, half-and-half, circlet, clasp assembly.
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Abstract: Background And Objectives- Treatment timing has a significant role in the outcome of all dentofacial orthopedic treatments for dentoskeletal disharmonies in growing patients. Dental maturation has been proposed to be a clinically useful diagnostic aid for the identification of individual skeletal maturation stages. Aims: 1) To correlate dental calcification stages with MP3 stages in skeletal age estimation using CBCT of the left mandibular posterior teeth. 2) To determine whether dental calcification can be used as a first level diagnostic tool for assessment of skeletal maturity with MP3 stages..............
Keywords: Dental mineralisation stages, MP3 stages, CBCT- Panoramic View, prepubertal phase, postpubertal phase.
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