iosr-JDMS   Volume-19 ~ Issue-11 ~ November 2020

Abstract: Aim: The aim of the present study was to find out the prevalence of Temporomandibular disorder (TMD) among students of professional colleges. Materials and Methods: A sample of 81 people were randomly grouped in which 10 were males and 71 were females of the age group 18- 25 years from professional colleges. Prevalence of TMD was checked using a questionnaire asking for the signs of TMD such as clicking, crepitation, deviation, deflection and pain in relation to TMJ and masticatory muscles, functional disturbances like limitation of mouth opening, unilateral chewing habit and type of diet. Results: 90 percent of men and 41 percent of women among professional students were having TMD (at least one sign or symptom of TMD). 79% of TMD patients had unilateral chewing habit. 99% of the patients were non-vegetarian.........

Keywords: Temporomandibular disorder (TMD), prevalence, signs and symptoms, unilateral chewing habit.

[1]. Okeson JP. Management of temporomandibular disorders and occlusion. 5th ed. Mosby USA 2003; P. 149-180.
[2]. Dowson PE. Functional occlusion: from TMJ to smile design. Mosby Canada, 2007; p. 13-14.
[3]. Fricton JR. TMJ and craniofacial pain diagnosis and management, MDMI USA, 2000; p. 1-8.
[4]. Daniele M. Current concepts of temporomandibular disorders. Quintessence Publishing Co. Ltd 2010; p. 25-37.
[5]. A. A. Pesqueira et al. Relationship between psychological factors and symptoms of TMD in university undergraduate students. Acta OdontologicaLatinoamericana (AOL) 2010; vol. 23, no. 3, pp. 182-187.

Abstract: porokeratosis (PK) is a genetic or acquired dermatosis characterized by disordered keratinization, manifesting clinically with annular or linear,keratotic plaques with central atrophy and the elevated border with histologically showing a column of parakeratotic keratinocytes (coronoid lamella). The etiology of porokeratosis is still unclear. Aims and objectives To study clinical, histopathological features and variants of porokeratosis Methodology A prospective observational study was conducted in S.V.R.R.G.G.H., Tirupati, for one year. We selected 12 patients of porokeratosis, and detailed clinical and histopathological evaluation was done in all the patients. Results: A total of 12 cases of porokeratosis were reviewed between........

Key words: Porokeratosis Mibelli, Disseminated superficial porokeratosis, Porokeratosisptychotropica.

[1]. Sertznig P, von Felbert V, Megahed M. Porokeratosis: present concepts: Porokeratosis. Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology. 2012 Apr;26(4):404–12.
[2]. Kanitakis J. Porokeratoses: an update of clinical, aetiopathogenic and therapeutic features. European Journal of Dermatology. 2014 Sep;24(5):533–44.
[3]. Gu C-Y, Zhang C-F, Chen L-J, Xiang L-H, Zheng Z-Z. Clinical analysis and etiology of porokeratosis. Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine. 2014 Sep;8(3):737–41.
[4]. Redondo P, Sola MA, Lloret P. Porokeratosis and povidone-iodine: a new clinical diagnostic sign. Br J Dermatol. 2002 Aug;147(2):383.
[5]. Chernosky ME, Anderson DE. Disseminated Superficial Actinic Porokeratosis: Clinical Studies and Experimental Production of Lesions. Arch Dermatol. 1969 Apr 1;99(4):401–7.

Abstract: Aim: The aim of the study is to analyse the incidence of peritoneal wash cytology positivity in patients with gastric cancer, according to stage. According to AJCC guidelines , peritoneal positive cytology is metastatic disease and is a poor prognostic factor and treatment guidelines need to be evolved. Methods: This is a prospective study conducted at our institution with 50 gastric cancer patients from June 2014 to December 2019. Diagnostic laparoscopy or laparotomy with peritoneal wash cytology was done for all patients and cytological examination was done from the specimen obtained and results mapped accordingly to the test results. Results: Of the 50 patients studied , 6 of the patients were of POC1 and 3 of the patients were P1C1. Cytology positivity was mostly in the diffuse histological group with moderate to poor differentiation. Most of the patients were found to be diagnosed as Stage IIIC disease either T stage 4a or 4b with N3 disease pathologically. Conclusion: Positive peritoneal cytology in gastric cancer is metastatic disease. Hence all patients with locally advanced gastric cancer need a peritoneal wash cytology done by laparoscopy, as a part of staging workup and treatment planning.

Key words: peritoneal cytology, gastric cancer, metastatic.

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Abstract: Thyroid disorders, specially iodine deficiency disorder is a global health problem with an endemic prevalence in Bangladesh. The relative frequency of thyroid disorders varies in different countries of the world and also in the different regions of the same country as well as in different socioeconomic status. This cross sectional study was carried out in the Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Science, Rangpur from 2017 to 2019 to see the prevalence of goitre and thyroid status in low and high socioeconomic groups of our school children. A total number of 615 school children aged 7 to 14 years were included in this study. Out of those 312 were selected from the different schools located in the slum areas of Rangpur city for low socioeconomic group. Other 303 were selected from three schools in the elite regions of Rangpur city for high socioeconomic group. Mean age of low socioeconomic group was 10.48±2.30 years and high......

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[5]. Islam SMM, Mahmood S,Hossain GA et al. Study of goitre prevalence in school children in mymensingh district. J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg.1998; 16:44-49.

Abstract: Severe COVID-19 related complications are difficult to manage and associated with high mortality and morbidity. The fact that chloroquine is one of the drugs being considered as a possible therapy in the management of COVID-19 is good news in developing countries where this drug is cheap, available, and relatively safe with ample experience in its use as an antimalarial drug. Severe COVID-19 disease often requires critical care, and this special population of patients require special considerations such as polypharmacy, specialist nursing care, and have unique physiology and pharmacology. Good knowledge of important issues associated with the use of chloroquine will aid the rational and efficacious use of this drug in critically ill COVID-19 positive patients........

Keywords: Chloroquine, Covid-19, Critical Illness.

[1]. Sanders JM, Monogue ML, Jodlowski TZ, Cutrell JB. Pharmacologic Treatments for Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): A Review. JAMA - Journal of the American Medical Association. 2020;
[2]. Ferner RE, Aronson JK. Chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine in covid-19. The BMJ. 2020;369.
[3]. Gautret P, Lagier J-C, Parola P, Hoang VT, Meddeb L, Mailhe M, et al. Hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin as a treatment of COVID-19: results of an open-label non-randomized clinical trial. International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents. 2020;105949.
[4]. Al-Bari AA. Chloroquine analogues in drug discovery: New directions of uses, mechanisms of actions and toxic manifestations from malaria to multifarious diseases. Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy. 2014;70(6):1608–21.
[5]. Wu P, Duan F, Luo C, Liu Q, Qu X, Liang L, et al. Characteristics of Ocular Findings of Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Hubei Province, China. JAMA ophthalmology. 2020;

Abstract: Leptospirosis is a zoonosis caused by the spirochete Leptospira interrogans. Most cases of leptospirosis are mild to moderate, and self-limited. The course of disease, however, may be complicated by multiorgan dysfunction such as in Weil's disease. We present a case of Weil's disease with Cardiovascular complications in an adult Indian man residing in North East India. Leptospirosis is not common in North Eastern India and very few patients present with cardiovascular complications. This report of leptospirosis-induced cardiovascular complication should help raise awareness of clinicians to assess for cardiovascular complications when evaluating a patient with leptospirosis..

Keywords: Leptospirosis, Weil's disease, jaundice, multiorgan dysfunction, hyperbilirubinemia, atrial fibrillation, cardiovascular complications.

[1]. Bovet P, Yersin C, Merien F, Davis CE, Perolat P. Factors associated with clinical leptospirosis: a population-based case-control study in the Seychelles (Indian Ocean). International journal of epidemiology. 1999 Jun 1;28(3):583-90.
[2]. Skufca J, Arima Y. Sex, gender and emerging infectious disease surveillance: a leptospirosis case study. Western Pacific surveillance and response journal: WPSAR. 2012 Jul;3(3):37.
[3]. Lim JK, Murugaiyah VA, Ramli AS, Rahman HA, Mohamed NS, Shamsudin NN, Tan JC. A case study: leptospirosis in Malaysia.
[4]. Perani V, Farina C, Maggi L, Michetti G, Moioli F, Pizzocaro P, Pugliese C. Pneumonia due to Leptospira spp.: results of an epidemiological and clinical study [Case Study]. The International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease. 1998 Sep 1;2(9):766-70.
[5]. Perani V, Farina C, Maggi L, Michetti G, Moioli F, Pizzocaro P, Pugliese C. Pneumonia due to Leptospira spp.: results of an epidemiological and clinical study [Case Study]. The International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease. 1998 Sep 1;2(9):766-70.

Abstract: Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, inflammatory, autoimmune disease of unknown etiology affecting approximately 1% of the world population,0.75% in India and 0.2% in Manipur. The hallmark swelling, bony erosions and synovial thickening reflect the underlying inflammatory and auto immune processes of RA.Deficiency of vitamin D is studied for its involvement in the pathogenesis of RA, as well as for correlating with disease activity of RA.Therefore,we conducted this study to derive the correlation between serum vitamin D level and RA disease activity specifically from the cohort population of Manipur,India. Methods:Rheumatoid arthritis patients who were attending Medicine OPD,Rheumatology OPD or admitted inthe General Medicine wards at Regional Institute of Medical Sciences (RIMS), Imphal, Manipur from 2017 to 2019. Total 52 diagnosed cases of RA(2010 ACR-EULAR criteria) were included andserum vitamin D and other related blood investigations were studied......

Keywords: Autoimmune disease,DAS-28 ESR ,Rheumatoid arthritis, , vitamin D deficiency

[1]. Gibofsky A. Overview of epidemiology, pathophysiology and diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis. Am J Manag Care 2012;18(13):295-302.
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[3]. Chopra A. Disease burden of rheumatic disease in India: copcord perspective. Indian J Rheumatol 2015;10(2):70-7.
[4]. Merlino LA, Curtis J, Mikuls TR, Cerhan JR, Criswell LA, Saag KG. Iowa women's health study. Arthritis Rheum 2004;50:72–7.
[5]. Hollick MF. Vitamin D deficiency. N Engl J Med 2007;357:266-81.;

Abstract: The loss of anterior tooth structure affects patient's esthetics and hampers his psychological and social well being4. The reconstruction of structurally compromised anterior teeth is rather a challenging procedure for a Dentist3. A conventional build up technique using composite resin restoration alone can fulfill the esthetic requirement, but the strength is still compromised. This has drawn the attention of the researchers to design a biomimetic material which can replace dentin and reconstruct the tooth to its utmost natural appearance and strength3. The following case report presents a technique of reinforcing a traumatized vital anterior tooth (representing Ellis Class II fracture) with a fibre reinforced composite resin..

Keywords: Biomimetic material, traumatized vital anterior tooth, fibre reinforced composite resin.

[1]. Sufyan K. Garoushi, Lippo V.J. Lassila, Pekka K. Vallittu Fibre-reinforced Composite in Clinical Dentistry. The Chinese Journal of Dental Research, Volume 2, Nov. 1, 2009.
[2]. Restorative Dentistry. Article in Dental Update, 2003:300-306.
[3]. Renita Soares, Ida de Noronha de Ataide, Marina Fernandes, Rajan Lambor Fibre rei
[4]. nforcement in a structurally compromised endodontically treated molar: a case report. Available from www.rde.ac.
[5]. Sumit Mohan, Anurag Gurtu,Anurag Singhal, Chandrawati Guha Fibre Reinforced Composite-A review And Case Report. Journal of Dental Sciences and Oral Rehabilitation, Bareilly, April-June 2012:45-48

Abstract: Aims and objectives:-To evaluate the efficacy of nepafenac eye drops and compare with prednisolone eye drops following micro incision cataract surgery. Results:-It was observed in our study that prednisolone and nepafenacare equal in controlling inflammation but prednisolone has moreside effects more than nepafenac. Conclusion:-Both topical NSAIDs and steroids have the same efficacy in preventing inflammation and corneal edema. However, patients who received topical steroids were more likely to develop intraocular hypertension and CME.

Keywords: Inflammation, Intraocularhypertension, Cystoid macular edema, Posterior capsular opacifiaction

[1]. Saif MYS, Saif ATS, Saif PS, Abdul Khaled MO, Mahtani W. Dry eye changes after phacoemulsification and manual small incision cataract surgery (MSICS). Int J Ophthalmol Eye Res 2016; 4:184-191.
[2]. Henderson BA, Kim JY, Ament CS, Ferrufino-Ponce ZK, Grabowska A, Cremers SL. Clinical pseudophakic cystoid macular edema. Risk factors for development and duration after treatment. J Cataract Refract Surg 2007; 33:1550-1558.
[3]. Akcay Bi S, Bozkurt TK, Guney E, Unlu C, Erdogan G, Akcali G, Bayramlar H, Quantitative analysis of macular thickness following uneventful and complicated cataract surgery. ClinOpthalmol 2012; 6:1507-1511.
[4]. Spaeth G L,Monteiro de Barros DS, Fudemberg SJ. Visual loss caused by corticosteroid induced glaucoma: how to avoid it. Retina 2009; 29: 1057-1061

Abstract: Introduction: Since the beginning of the twentieth century, there has been enormous progress in the diagnosis and therapy of musculoskeletal tumors, leading to substantial improvements in overall prognosis and patient survival. This progress has resulted largely from the development of an integrated, multidisciplinary approach to musculoskeletal tumors and from advances in multiple medical specialities, perhaps most notably in the new medical imaging speciality, radiology. Materials and Methods: MR imaging was performed on a 1.5T MRI system. Patient's position was determined by the area of abnormality. Body or surface coils were used according to the site of involvement. The smallest local coil that adequately covers the anatomic area......

Keywords: MRI, STIR, FNAC, Biopsy

[1]. S Bweja, R arora, s Singh, A Sharma, P Narang. Evaluation of bone tumours with Magnetic Resonance Imaging and corelation with surgical and pathological findings.IJRI 2006 ;16(4):611-618.
[2]. Karchevsky M, Babb JS, Schweitzer ME. Can diffusion- weighted imaging be used to differentiate benign from pathologic fractures.A meta-analysis. Skeletal Radiol 2008;37(9):791–5.
[3]. Herneth AM, Ringl H, Memarsadeghi M, et al. Diffusion weighted imaging in osteoradiology. Top Magn Reson Imaging 2007;18(3):203–12.
[4]. Hayashida Y, Yakushiji T, Awai K, et al. Monitoring therapeutic responses of primary bone tumors by diffusion-weighted image: initial results. Eur Radiol 2006;16:2637–43.
[5]. Baweja S, Arora R, Singh S, Sharma A, Narang P, Ghuman S, et al. Evaluation of Bone tumors with Magnetic Resonance Imaging and correlation with surgical and gross pathological findings. Ind J Radiol Imag. 2006; 16(4):611-18.

Abstract: Introduction: Osteosarcoma is the most common malignant bone tumor of the childhood. Over the last 30 years, survival rates in osteosarcoma increased dramatically. Surgery is still the mainstone of treatment. Although amputation and limb salvage surgery are main surgical techniques, limb salvage surgery is the treatment of choice , especially in preference to young adolescants and children. Among the reconstructive options after a segmental resection of a sarcoma, selection of the most appropriate method is still challenging. Combining an allograft with a bone flap provides the early strenght of an allograft and the biological activity of a flap. Clinical findings: A 16-years-old female was presented to outpatient orthopedics clinics with a complaint of swelling and pain for 2 months in left thigh. On examination, approxiametly a 10*5 cm sensible mass was found, suspecting a bone tumor......

Keywords: Osteosarcoma, Vascularized fibula graft, Biological Reconstruction

[1]. Ferguson WS, Goorin AM. Current treatment of osteosarcoma. Cancer Invest. 2001;19(3):292-315. doi:10.1081/CNV-100102557
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[3]. Germain MA, Mascard E, Dubousset J, Nguefack M. Free vascularized fibula and reconstruction of long bones in the child - Our evolution. Microsurgery. 2007;27(5):415-419. doi:10.1002/micr.20384
[4]. Simon MA, Aschliman MA, Thomas N, Mankin HJ. Limb-salvage treatment versus amputation for osteosarcoma of the distal end of the femur. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1986;68(9):1331-1337.
[5]. Papakonstantinou E, Stamatopoulos A, I Athanasiadis D, et al. Limb-salvage surgery offers better five-year survival rate than amputation in patients with limb osteosarcoma treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy. A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Bone Oncol. 2020;25:100319. doi:10.1016/j.jbo.2020.100319