iosr-JDMS   Volume-19 ~ Issue-11 ~ November 2020

Abstract: Background: The aim of the World Health Organisation (WHO) surgical safety checklist (SSC) introduction was to improve surgical outcomes by ensuring adherence to standard safety practices throughout the perioperative period. Although its implementation has been successful with minimal hitches in some parts of the world, it is yet to be universal. The use of WHO SSC inthe developing world, such as Africa has been challenging due to several factors. However, it has been shown that with dedication, determination and adequate planning, these challenges......

Keywords: WHO, Surgical Safety Checklist, Implementation, Barriers.

[1]. Weiser TG, Regenbogen SE, Thompson KD, Haynes AB, Lipsitz SR, Berry WR, et al. An estimation of the global volume of surgery: a modelling strategy based on available data. Lancet. 2008;372(9633):139–44.
[2]. Haynes AB, Weiser TG, Berry WR, Lipsitz SR, Breizat A-HS, Dellinger EP, et al. A Surgical Safety Checklist to Reduce Morbidity and Mortality in a Global Population. N Engl J Med. 2009;360(5):491–9.
[3]. Gawande AA, Thomas EJ, Zinner MJ, Brennan TA. The incidence and nature of surgical adverse events in Colorado and Utah in 1992. Surgery. 1999;126(1):66–75.
[4]. Ouro-Bang'na Maman AF, Tomta K, Ahouangbévi S, Chobli M. Deaths associated with anaesthesia in Togo, West Africa. Trop Doct. 2005;35(4):220–2.
[5]. Li G, Warner M, Lang BH, Huang L, Sun LS. Epidemiology of anesthesia-related mortality in the united states, 1999-2005. Vol. 110, Anesthesiology. 2009. p. 759–65.

Abstract: Résumé: L'hémangiome infantile est une prolifération hyperplasique transitoire du mésenchyme angioformateur, formée, d'une grosse masse cellulaire avec multiplication cellulaire endothéliale alimentée par des néo vaisseaux. Cliniquement, il se présente comme une masse ou une tâche cutanée, de couleur rouge-framboise et peu dépressible, caractérisée par un développement explosif durant la première semaine ou le premier mois de la vie. Le diagnostic est essentiellement clinique, le recours à des examens complémentaires est justifié. Les complications principales sont l'amblyopie chez un enfant en pleine période critique de son expérience visuelle. Il existe par ailleurs des complications locales : la nécrose, l'infection, l'ulcération, et le saignement. La localisation palpébrale compromet ainsi non seulement le pronostic esthétique mais aussi le pronostic fonctionnel oculaire.....

Key Word: Hémangiome-enfant-anti-VEGF

[1]. Asilian A, Mokhtari F, Kamali AS, Abtahi-Naeini B, Nilforoushzadeh MA, Mostafaie S. Pulsed dye laser and topical timolol gel versus pulse dye laser in treatment of infantile hemangioma: A double-blind randomized controlletrial. Adv Biomed Res 2015;4:257.
[2]. Zheng JW, Zhang L, Zhou Q, Mai HM, Wang YA, Fan XD, et al. Apractical guide to treatment of infantile hemangiomas of the head and neck. Int J Clin Exp Med 2013;6:851-60.
[3]. Chang J, Most D, Bresnick S, Mehrara B, Steinbrech DS, Reinisch J, et al. Proliferative hemangiomas: Analysis of cytokine gene expression and angiogenesis. Plast Reconstr Surg 1999;103:1-9.
[4]. Ziemssen F, Voelker M, Inhoffen W, Bartz-Schmidt KU, Gelisken F. Combined treatment of a juxtapapillary retinal capillary haemangioma with intravitreal bevacizumab and photodynamic therapy. Eye 2007; 21: 1125–6.
[5]. Sagong M, Lee J, Chang W. Application of intravitreal bevacizumab for circumscribed choroidal hemangioma. Korean J Ophthalmol 2009; 23: 127–31.

Abstract: Reconstruction and augmentation of congenital and acquired maxillofacial defectsare deemed quite a challenge to experienced doctors. Meticulous rehabilitation of the elaborate "three-dimensional" (3D) facial forms necessitates detailed shaping and sculpting of autologous grafts and manufactured implants, and conforming them to the primary skeletal structure to reestablish anatomical facial structures. Inaccurate shaping of off-the-shelf implants could end in suboptimal formed restorations. Nevertheless, recent developments in computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/ CAM) have devised contemporary alternatives for fabricating patient-specific implants (PSIs), with enhanced accuracy, resulting in restoration with improved contour and outcomes. This article collates available evidence relating to the benefits and limitations of Patient-specific implants, thereby revealing the potentiality of Patient-specific implants (PSI) as a viable option for the rehabilitation of oral and maxillofacial structures in near future.

Key Word: Patient-specific implants, Patient-specific dental implants, Custom made implants

[1]. S. Eckert, S. Koka, G. Wplfinger and Y. G. Choi, Survey of implant experience by prosthodonists in the United States, J of Prosher Dent, 11 (2002) 194-201.
[2]. Owusu JA, Boahene K. Update of patient-specific maxillofacial implant. Current opinion in otolaryngology & head and neck surgery. 2015 Aug 1;23(4):261-4
[3]. Zhao L, Patel PK, Cohen M. Application of virtual surgical planning with computer assisted design and manufacturing technology to cranio-maxillofacial surgery. Arch PlastSurg 2012; 39:309–316.
[4]. Parthasarathy J. 3D modeling, custom implants and its future perspectives in craniofacial surgery. Annals of maxillofacial surgery. 2014 Jan;4(1):9.
[5]. M. McGurk, A. A. Amis, P. Potamianos, and N. M. Goodger, ―Rapid prototyping techniques for anatomical modelling in medicine,‖ Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England, vol. 79, pp. 169–174, 1997.

Abstract: BPH (Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia) is the most common disease in elderly man. Prevalence of this disease related with the age, occurs in 30% man with the age between 30 – 50 years old, and reached the top at 88% in 9th decade of elderly man life. Histopathological definition of BPH is increasing of stromal and epithel of prostatic gland in periurethral area which is hyperplasia. Ethiologically, BPH occurs when the prostatic cells and the proliferation of stromal and epithel of prostatic gland are increasing or the apoptosis was decreased. BPH was the hyperplasia process.The prostatic growth regulated by stromal and epithel interaction. Prostate epithel differentiation and growth controlled by some growth factor which is produced by stromal cells. This situation will cause urethral compression and interrupted of emptying bladder which will eventually cause lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS)......

Key word: Stromal, epithel, BPH, LUTS, IPSS

[1]. Albert B. Johnson A, Lewis J. Raff M. Robert K Walter P. Cell Communication. Dalam: Molecular Biology of The Cell, Edisi ke-4, Gardland publishing, inc, New York. 2002.: 831-906
[2]. Anutrakulchai S. Residual Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms (LUTS) after Transureteral Resection of Prostate (TURP) : The Urodynamic Studies in Chiangmai University Hospital. 2005
[3]. Parry MJ. Collins MM. Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia and Prostatitis. Dalam : Goldmans medicine edisi 24, 2012;131: 805-810.
[4]. Barclay W. A system for studying epithelial-stromal interactions reveals distinct inductive abilities of stromal cells from benign prostatic hyperplasia and prostate cancer. Endocrinology. 2005;146:13-8.
[5]. Barry, et al. Radical Prostatectomy versus Observation for Localized Prostate Cancer. N Eng J Med. 2012

Abstract: Background: Healthcare is the most essential and highly demanding service requirement of the society. The rising population, enhanced awareness on health issues by the public, and the emerging new diseases put healthcare service under a great challenging situation. Wait time in healthcare service is one of the most crucial factors determining the success of healthcare service throughout the world. The work hours and working pattern of medical practitioners differ invariably across the countries and is influencing the wait time of the patients. Therefore, this study has been carried out to assess the influence of doctors' work time and pattern on the wait time of the patients....

Key words: Appointment, consultation, surgeries, wait time.

[1]. Eilers, G.M. Improving patient satisfaction with waiting time. Journal of American College of Health,2004, 53(1):41-48.
[2]. Pandit, D. A., Varma, E. L., &Pandit, D. A. Impact of OPD waiting time on patient satisfaction. International Educational Reseaearch Journal,2016, 2(8). http://ierj.in/journal/index.php/ierj/article/view/423/400.
[3]. 3. Nottingham, Q.J., Johnson, D. M., &Russell, R. S. (2018). The Effect of Waiting Time on Patient Perceptions of Care Quality. Quality Management Journal, 2018, 25(1): 32-45.
[4]. Romaniuk, P, Poznan´ ska, A., Brukało, K & Holecki, T. (2020). Health System Outcomes in BRICS Countries and Their Association With the Economic Context. Frontiers in Public Health, 2020, 8:80.mdoi: 10.3389/fpubh.2020.00080.
[5]. https://www.business-standard.com/article/pti-stories/india-has-one-doctor-for-every-1-457-citizens-govt-119070401127_1.html

Abstract: Background: Periodontitis is a complex inflammatory disease caused by the interaction between virulent bacteria and host immune response.Although mechanical debridement is considered the gold standard for periodontitis treatment, adjuvant therapy was introduced to inhibit the bacteria in deeper sites and to suppress the inflammatory mediators released in response to the periodontal pathogens. Local delivery drugsespecially those of natural origin were proved effective adjuvant therapy with minimal side effects. Aim of the study:The present study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of Hyaluronic acid and Propolis as adjuvant therapeutic agents in patients with periodontal pockets. Materials and Methods: A total of 20 patients were enrolled......

Keywords: Antimicrobial, clinical attachment loss, Hyaluronic acid, Propolis, pockets

[1]. Könönen E, Gursoy M, Gursoy UK. Periodontitis: A Multifaceted Disease of Tooth-Supporting Tissues. J Clin Med. 2019;8(8):1135.
[2]. Apatzidou D, Kinane D. (2010). Nonsurgical Mechanical Treatment Strategies for Periodontal Disease. Dental clinics of North America. 2010; 54: 1-12.
[3]. Graziani, F., Karapetsa, D., Alonso, B. and Herrera, D. (2017), Nonsurgical and surgical treatment of periodontitis: how many options for one disease?.Periodontol 2000, 75: 152-188.
[4]. Sulijaya B, Takahashi N, Yamazaki K, Yamazaki K. Nutrition as Adjunct Therapy in Periodontal Disease Management. Curr Oral Health Rep. 2019; 6: 61–69..

Abstract: Background: Propofol is a commonly used drug for induction of Anaesthesia because of its rapid onset and short duration of action, easy titration and favorable profile for side-effects. It is well known that intravenous injection of Propofol is associated with pain. The mechanism of Propofol injection pain is still unclear. The incidence ranges from 30-90% and is recognized as an unpleasant experience by the patient. Propofol premixed with Lignocaine or pre-treatment with lignocaine is time tested and accepted modality for alleviating IV Propofol induced pain. Tramadol synthetic opioid, butorphanol kappa agonist, Metoclopramideand Ondansetron have also been advocated. Aims and objectives: To compare the efficacy of Tramadol and Butorphanol in reducing the pain induced by propofol injection.To study the side effects of the propofol and the study drugs. Materials and methods: 60 patients aged between.....

Keywords : Propofol; tramadol; Butorphanol;

[1]. Gehan G, Karoubi P, Quinet F. Optimal dose of lignocaine for preventing Pain on injection of propofol. Br J Anaesth 1991; 66: 324-6.
[2]. Anil Agarwal et al in 2004 – like this study Butorphanol pretreatment was most effective in attenuating pain, both in terms of incidence and severity, associated with IV injection of propofol (P 0.05).
[3]. Dr. Arvinderpal Singh et al in 2016 – unlike this study there is no statistical significance between tramadol and butorphanol.
[4]. W H Wong, K F Cheong et al in 2001-- There is no significant difference in the incidence of pain between the tramadol and lignocaine groups.

Abstract: Objective:The aim of the study was to analyse the demography of cleft lip and palate among other congenital anomalies foundin infantsdelivered in a single institutioninDharmapuri district, which is one of the most backward districts of Tamil Nadu, South India. Method:This five-yearretrospective study was based on dataanalysisfor orofacial clefts. The data includesthe number of deliveries, the number of anomalies, and the sex of the babies, collected from the labour ward, NICU, and DEIC records during the year 2015 to 2019 in Government Dharmapuri Medical College, Tamil Nadu, India, after getting approvalfrom the institutional ethical committee.Other details, like consanguineous marriage andthe age of the parents.....

Key Words- Congenital defects, Orofacial clefts, Cleft lip, Cleft palate, institutional deliveries.

[1]. Cooper ME, Stone RA, Liu Y, Hu DN, Melnick M, Marazita ML. Descriptive epidemiology of nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate in Shanghai, China, from 1980 to 1989. Cleft Palate Craniofac J 2000; 37:274-80.
[2]. Facts about cleft lip and cleft palate. Centre for disease control and prevention (CDC)[Online]. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/birthdefects/cleftlip.html
[3]. Hlongwa P, Levin J, Rispel LC. Epidemiology and clinical profile of individuals with cleft lip and palate utilising specialised academic treatment centers in South Africa. PLoS One. 2019; 14(5):e0215931. Published 2019 May 9. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0215931.
[4]. SM Balaji. Burden of orofacial clefting in India, 2016: A global burden of disease approach, Annals of Maxillofacial surgery, 2018; 8(1):91-100.
[5]. Yılmaz et al. Prevalence of Cleft Lip-Palate: A Single Center.Turk J Orthod 2019; 32(3): 139-44

Abstract: Background: The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has had an adverse effect on both health and socioeconomic development of India. The specific study objective was to estimate the total present value of human life losses (TPV) associated with COVID-19 in India as of 3 October 2020. Materials and Methods: In The standard human capital approach model (HCAM) was applied to value monetarily, at a 3% discount rate, the 100,875 human lives lost in India from COVID-19 as of 3 October 2020. In the one-way sensitivity analysis, the HCAM was re-calculated four times (with 5% and 10% discount rates, and world average life expectancy of 73.2 years and world highest life expectancy of 88.17 years) to ascertain the effect on TPV........

Key Word: Coronavirus; COVID-19; Gross domestic product; Value of life.

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[3]. United Nations Development Programme (UNDP). Human Development Report 2019. Beyond income, beyond averages, beyond today: Inequalities in human development in the 21st century Empowered lives. New York: UNDP; 2019.
[4]. IMF. G-20 surveillance note. COVID-19—Impact and Policy Considerations. G-20 Finance Ministers and Central Bank Governors' Meetings, April 15, 2020 virtual meeting. Washington, D.C.: IMF; 2020.
[5]. Global Burden of Disease Collaborative Network. Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 (GBD 2019) Results. GBD Results tool. Seattle, United States: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME). [Updated 15 October 2020]. [Internet]. Available from: http://ghdx.healthdata.org/gbd-results-tool.Accessed 17 October 2020.