iosr-JDMS   Volume-19 ~ Issue-11 ~ November 2020

Abstract: TB manifests clinically as pulmonary or extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB), with the former being more common. In India, 10 to 15% of TB cases are estimated to be cases of EPTB. Here we report the analysis of four EPTB cases which had been diagnosed on the basis of CBNAAT and other diagnostic evidences.Methodology: The collected specimens received at Pravara Rural Hospital, Loni were subjected to CBNAAT (GeneXpert) testing. The case information (history, records....

[1]. Collins CH, Grange JM, Yates MD. Organization and Practice in Tuberculosis Bacteriology. 1st ed. Cambridge: Butterworth & Co. Ltd; 1985.
[2]. Vadwai V, Boehme C, Nabeta P, Shetty A, Alland D, Rodrigues C. Xpert MTB / RIF : a New Pillar in Diagnosis of Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis ? ᰔ. J Clin Mcrobiology 2011;49(7):2540–5.
[3]. Suzana S, Ninan M, Mahasampath G, Venkatesh K, Priscilla R, Michael J. Xpert MTB / Rif for the diagnosis of extrapulmonary tuberculosis – an experience from a tertiary care centre in South India. Trop Med Int Heal 2016;21(3):385–92.
[4]. Lawn S, Zumla A. Europe PMC Funders Group Diagnosis of extrapulmonary tuberculosis using the Xpert ® MTB / RIF assay. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther 2013;10(6):631–5.
[5]. Mehta PK, Raj A, Singh N, Khuller GK. Diagnosis of extrapulmonary tuberculosis by PCR. FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol 2012;66:20–36.

Abstract: Lateral internal sphincterotomy is the surgical treatment of choice for a chronic anal fissure [1]. Optimal division of the lateral internal sphincter has not yet been devised since the length of the anal canal differs between patients. It is appropriate to describe it according to the position of the dentate line (i.e., division of the internal anal sphincter below the dentate line) [2]. We think that this type of incision is excessive and should be approached in a more conservative manner because of the high percentage of postoperative soiling or incontinence problems published historically [3–5]. This paper introduces the concept of subcutaneous lateral internal partial sphincterotomy required for a chronic anal fissure

[1]. Perry WB, Dykes SL, Buie WD, Rafferty JF (2010) Practice parameters for the management of anal fissures. Dis Colon Rectum 53:1110–15
[2]. Corman ML (2005) Colon and rectal surgery, 5th edn. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia
[3]. Lewis T, Corman M, Prager E, Robertson W (1988) Long-term results for open and closed sphincterotomy for anal fissure. Dis Colon Rectum 31:368–71
[4]. Khubchandani IT, Reed JF (1989) Sequelae of internal sphincterotomy for chronic fissure in ano. Br J Surg 76:431–34
[5]. Nyam DC, Pemberton JH (1999) Long-term results of lateral internal sphincterotomy for chronic anal fissure with particular reference to incidence of fecal incontinence. Dis Colon Rectum 42:1306–10.

Abstract: Resume La prise en charge des patients ayant présenté un infarctus du myocarde admis tardivement repose sur l'évaluation clinique et la stratification du risque. En cas de récidive ischémique ou d'instabilité clinique ou électrique, l'angioplastie primaire représente la stratégie de reperfusion de choix puisqu'il n'y a pas de place pour la thrombolyse au-delà de 12 heures après le début des symptômes. Ces patients doivent bénéficier d'un traitement anti-thrombotique comprenant l'aspirine, le clopidogrel, l'enoxaparine ou le fondaparinux. La prévention secondaire comprend l'usage des bêtabloqueurs, des inhibiteurs de l'enzyme de conversion et des statines. Le rôle de la sensibilisation des patients est crucial pour le raccourcissement des délais de prise en charge et l'amélioration du pronostic..

Key words: IDM – délais tardifs- prise en charge

[1]. Go AS, Mozaffarian D, Roger VL et al. Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics2013 Update : A Report From the American Heart. Circulation 2013 ; 127 : e6-e245.
[2]. Eagle KA, Brahmajee K. Nallamothu BK et al. Trends in acute reperfusion therapy for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction from 1999 to 2006 : we are getting better but we have got a long way to go. Eur Heart J 2008 ; 29 : 609-17.
[3]. Ibanez B, James S, Agewall S et al. 2017 ESC Guidelines for the management of acute myocardial infarction in patients presenting with ST-segment elevation: The Task Force for the management of acute myocardial infarction in patients presenting with ST-segment elevation of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). Eur Heart J 2018 ; 39 (2) : 119-77.
[4]. Kloner RA, Jennings RB. Consequences of brief ischemia: Stunning, preconditioning, and their clinical implications: Part 1. Circulation 2001 ; 104(24) :2981-9.
[5]. Boersma E, Maas AC, Deckers JW et al. Early thrombolytic treatment in acute myocardial infarction: reappraisal of the golden hour. Lancet 1996 ; 348(9030) : 771-5..

Abstract: Introduction : Multitrauma management evaluates clinically and anatomically based on an Injury severity score, the placement of a cytokine as a predictor has not been widely found or used. this study was designed to determine the relationship of levels of Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and TNF α as a marker of survival biology in cases of thoracoabdominal trauma. Material and Methods: This study is an observational cohort study. The research subjects were thoracoabdominal trauma patients that matched the criteria. Interleukin-6, TNF α and ISS levels will be measured when the subject is in the Emergency Installation. Furthermore, the subject will be followed until the 5th day to determine survival status. To test the research hypothesis the Spearman Correlation correlation test will be carried out, and the independent......

[1]. American College of Surgeons. 2008. Advanced Trauma Life Support for Doctors 8th ed. Chicago : Saint Clair.
[2]. Badan Pusat Statistik, 2011. JumlahKecelakaan, Koban Mati, Luka Berat, Luka Ringan, dan KerugianMateri yang DideritaTahun 2000-2015. Diunduhdari: http://www.bps.go.id/tab_sub/view.php [Diakses 19 Desember 2018].
[3]. Balogh, Z. J., Varga, E., Tomka, J., Toth, L. 2003. The new injury severity score is a better predictor of extended hospitalization and intensive care unit admission than the injury severity score in patients with multiple thoracoabdominal injuries. 17 (7): 508-12
[4]. Brochner AC, Toft P. 2009. Pathophysiology of the systemic inflammatory response after major accidental trauma. Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2009, 17:43.
[5]. Brunicardi F.C., Andersen D.K., Billiar T.R., Dunn D.L., Hunter J.G., Matthews J.B., dan Pollock R.E. 2015. Surgical Intervention dalamSchwartz's Principles of Surgery Tenth Edition. McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

Abstract: Background: we aimed to study the sociodemographic profile of young type 2 diabetes mellitus patients of age between 20 to 32 years and to identify the modifiable risk factors contributing to young type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Methods: It was a cross sectional study done in a tertiary care centre in rural puducherry,India for a period of six months from july 2019 to December 2019. Socio demographic data, family history, level of physical activity (using International physical activity questionnaire IPAQ), addictions were collected using a structured questionnaire. Details of anthropometry, blood pressure and glycemic status were collected with help of appropriate instruments. Data were analysed using SPSS version 21.......

[1]. AnjanaRM, Pradeepa R, Deepa M, et al. Prevalence of diabetes and prediabetes (impaired fasting glucose and/or impaired glucose tolerance) in rural and urban India: phase 1 results of the Indian Council of Medical Research-India diabetes (ICMR INDIAB) study. Diabetologia. 2011;54(12):3022-7. [2]. George Alberti, Paul Zimmet, Jonathan Shaw, Zachary Bloomgarden, Francine Kaufman, Martin Silink. Type 2 Diabetes in the Young The Evolving Epidemic. Diabetes Care. July 2004, 27 (7) 1798-1811 [3]. Shrivastava SR, Ghorpade AG. High prevalence of type 2 diabetes melitus and its risk factors among the rural population of Pondicherry, South India. J Res Health Sci. 2014;14(4):258-263. [4]. Suwannaphant K, Laohasiriwong W, Puttanapong N, Saengsuwan J, Phajan T. Association between Socioeconomic Status and Diabetes Mellitus: The National Socioeconomics Survey, 2010 and 2012. J Clin Diagn Res. 2017;11(7):LC18-LC22. doi:10.7860/JCDR/2017/28221.10286
[5]. Wang Z, Li X, Chen M. Socioeconomic Factors and Inequality in the Prevalence and Treatment of Diabetes among Middle-Aged and Elderly Adults in China. Journal of Diabetes Research. 2018. 1-12. 10.1155/2018/1471808.

Abstract: Amoebic colitis is a common infection in all population groups across all geographical barriers and is an easily treatable disease in its routine manifestations. However, he has its set of complications that carry poor prognosis. Amoebic liver abscess is a common complication but its association with caecal perforation is rare, and carries worst prognosis and high mortality rate..

Keywords: Amoebic colitis, Liver abscess, ruptured liver abscess, Colitis, E. Histolytica, Caecal perforation

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[4]. Majeed SK, Ghazanfar A, Ashraf J Caecal amoeboma simulating malignant neoplasia,ileocaecal tuberculosis and Crohns disease. J Coll Physicians Surg Pak.2013;13:116-7
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Abstract: Aim: There is increasing evidence of the association of pseudoexfoliation syndrome and cardiovascular diseases. The objective of the study is to determine the prevalence of Pseudoexfoliation in cardiovascular patients. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted in 50 patients over 40 years of age attending to ophthalmology op with cardiovascular disease, having an abnormal ECG or angiographic findings for 6 months from October 2018 to March 2019. They were enquired about a history of hypertension, angina, MI, cardiomyopathy, and drugs for cardiac illness and examined for Pseudoexfoliation by slit-lamp after complete pupillary dilatation. Results: Prevalence of Pseudoexfoliation increased with age, higher in women. The prevalence of Pseudoexfoliation in cardiac patients was found to be 10%. It is more in patients with a history of angina and cardiomyopathy........

Keywords: Cardiovascular disease,Pseudoexfoliation syndrome.

[1]. Dewundara S, Pasquale LR. Exfoliation syndrome: a disease with an environmental component. CurrOpinOphthalmol. 2015;26(2):78–81.
[2]. Anastasopoulos E, Founti P, Topouzis F. Update on pseudoexfoliation syndrome pathogenesis and associations with intraocular pressure, glaucoma and systemic diseases. CurrOpinOphthalmol. 2015;26(2):82–89.
[3]. amarai V, Samarei R, Haghighi N, Jalili E. Sensory-neural hearing loss in pseudoexfoliation syndrome. Int J Ophthalmol. 2012;5(3):393–396.
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Abstract: OdontogenicKeratocyst (OKC) aggressive cystic lesion arising from cell rest of dental lamina. It occurs as mutilocular or unilocular radiolucency mainly associated with mandible posterior region. It possess unique histopathological and clinical features, has high recurrence rate and aggressive behavior. Here we discuss a recurrent case of OKC of non- syndromic nature with high infilterating nature and aggressive behavior.

[1]. Cysts of the Oral and Maxillofacial RegionsFourth edition
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[3]. KeratocysticOdontogenicTumour: An Experience in the Northeast of Brazil, Araujo Mello L. et al.SrpArhCelokLek. 2011;139(5-6):291-297
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Abstract: The onset of occurrence of heart disease in women was much later than in men. The purpose of this study was to determine the differences between premenopausal and postmenopausal coronary artery disease (CAD) risk factors, clinical manifestation, cardiovascular features, rates of recurrence, and influencing factors. Premenopausal (n = 57) and postmenopausal (n = 178) CAD women hospitalized during the same period were en- rolled. All patients were followed-up, and the combined recurrence of major adverse cardiovascular events was recorded as the clinical outcome. Differences were compared between the 2 groups. Fewer premenopausal women suffered from hypertension (43.86% versus 75.28%, P < 0.001), type 2 diabetes (12.28% versus 35.96%, P = 0.001), and hyperlipidemia (5.26% versus 34.83%, P < 0.001), but more had a positive family history of premature CAD (40.35% versus 25.28%, P = 0.03).........

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Abstract: Background:HBV-ACLF was defined as acute deterioration of liver function andextrahepatic organ failure in patients underlying HBV-related chronic liver disease regardless of cirrhosis status. Acute on chronic liver failure (ACLF) is an acute hepatic insult manifested as Jaundice and Coagulopathy, complicated within 4 weeks by clinical ascites and/or Encephalopathy in a patient with previously diagnosed or undiagnosed Chronic Liver Disease/Cirrhosis. It is associated with high 28-day mortality rate ranging from 30% to 70%. Reactivation of Hepatitis B virus infection and super infection with hepatitis A or E are the major causes of ACLF in the Asian region. Liver transplantation is the only definitive therapy though it is not available everywhere and not feasible always. Again MARS therapy (Molecular Adsorbent Recirculating System) didn't reduce mortality significantly. So, antiviral therapy should be started as soon as possible in patients with ACLF due to Hepatitis B irrespective of DNA and ALT status to improve hepatic dysfunction and rescue the patients from mortality.........

Keywords: Tenofovir, Entecavir, HBF (Hepatitis B Virus), ACLF (Acute-on-chronic liver failure)

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Abstract: AIMS/OBJECTIVES: The onset of a successful caudal block in children is assessed by hemodynamic parameters, swoosh test and anal sphincter tone. Recently, Perfusion Index has been used to assess the onset of epidural anaesthesia in adults. So, we decided to compare Anal sphincter tone and Perfusion index to assess the onset and success of caudal block. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is an Observational study , 60 children aged 2- 8 years belonging to ASA PS I and II undergoing infraumbilical surgeries were included. Premedicated with syp.Midazolam (0.5mg/kg), IV line was secured and preoxygenated. Inj.Glycopyrrolate (0.01mg/kg), Inj.Ketamine ( 1mg/kg),Inj.propofol(1mg/kg) were given and mask ventilated..........

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Abstract: Change towards the digital era is an irreversible global trend. With technology developing at a faster pace, the Digital Revolution has now fully entered the world of dentistry and has become more user-friendly allowing dental professionals to work in smarter ways than before. Diagnostic precision reduces errors and 3D planning for therapies opens the way toward a novel, minimally invasive dentistry that uses compatible and aesthetic materials. Virtual planning ensures predictable aesthetic and functional rehabilitation, painless postoperative recovery, and better communication with patients, thus meeting their expectations. Digital techniques are always superior and will surely become the future of dentistry. So, the need of the hour is to incorporate more digitization into our practice for the comfort of both dentist as well as the patient. The purpose of this article is to explore around the application of digital dentistry in diagnosis and treatment of periodontal disease.

Keywords: AI Technology, Conventional neural network, T Scan, Digital Imaging, Compudent, 3D Bioprinting.

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Abstract: To evaluate the efficacy of conventional adenoidectomy with endoscopic microdebrider adenoidectomy and collect intra operative and post operative morbidity data regarding the same. METHOD: A Prospective randomised study conducted on 120 selected cases between age group 5-15yrs with adenoid hypertrophy, were divided into two groups of 60 patients each.Group A patients underwent conventional adenoidectomy surgery and Group B patients underwent endoscopic microdebrider adenoidectomy surgery. Various parameters were taken into consideration like operating time, intra-op blood loss, residual adenoid tissue, collateral tissue damage, post-op pain and recovery time. RESULTS: In this study mean operating time was 24.66 minutes for the group......

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