iosr-JDMS   Volume-19 ~ Issue-11 ~ November 2020

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID -19) is a global public health problem and has evolved to become a pandemic crisis around the world, which is caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome, coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). In response to this serious situation, COVID-19 was declared as a public health emergency of international concern by the World Health Organization (WHO) on January 30 and called for collaborative efforts of all countries to prevent the rapid spread of COVID-19.Somaliland reported the territory's first two cases of coronavirus on TuesdayMar 31, 2020. Health officials in the capital, Hargeisa, said samples taken from two individuals — a local man who visited Britain and a Chinese man — had tested positive for COVID-19......

Keywords: COVID-19, knowledge; attitude; practice; cross-sectional study; online survey

[1]. WHO, Q&A on coronaviruses (COVID-19). World Health Organisation, 17 April 2020.
[2]. Jun She, J.J., Ling Ye, Lijuan Hu, Chunxue Bai, and Yuanlin Songcorresponding author, 2019 novel coronavirus of pneumonia in Wuhan, China: emerging attack and management strategies.Clinical and Transltional Medicine. , 2020 Feb 20.
[3]. Kenneth McIntosh, M., Coronaviruses. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) - UpToDate, Mar 13, 2020.
[4]. Maruf, H., Somaliland Reports First COVID-19 Cases. Voice of America, March 31, 2020.
[5]. WHO, Global Situation. WHO Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Dashboard28 September 2020,..

Abstract: Background: There are very few data we have regarding the socio-demographic status as well as features and presentations of patients withtuberculous lymphadenitis. Tuberculosis which is a severe bacterial infection caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, compromises the immune system. Inadequate intake of micronutrients alters the immune response of the host predisposing to infection. Aim of the study:The aim of this study was to assess thesocio-demographic status and features of patients with tuberculous lymphadenitis. Methods:Thiswas an observational study.The study was conducted in theDepartment of Internal Medicine of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, during the period from January 2016 to March 2017. The study included 25.....

Key words: Tuberculosis, Socio-demographic, Features, Lymphadenitis

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[3]. Rundi, C., 2010. Understanding tuberculosis: perspectives and experiences of the people of Sabah, East Malaysia. Journal of Health, Population and Nutrition, pp.114-123.
[4]. Spence, D.P., Hotchkiss, J., Williams, C.S. and Davies, P.D., 1993. Tuberculosis and poverty. Bmj, 307(6907), pp.759-761.
[5]. Perronne, C., 1999. Tuberculosis, HIV infection, and malnutrition: an infernal trio in central Africa. Nutrition (Bur bank, Los Angeles County, Calif.), 15(4), p.321.

Abstract: Introduction: An anal fissure is a small, oval shaped tear in skin that lines the opening of the anus. Fissures typically cause severe pain and bleeding with bowel movements. Fissures are quite common in the general population, but are often confused with other causes of pain and bleeding, such as hemorrhoids. Doctors usually perform a procedure called lateral internal sphincterotomy (LIS), which involves cutting a small portion of the anal sphincter muscle to reduce spasm and pain, and promote healing. Studies have found that for chronic fissure, surgery is much more effective than any medical treatment. Hemorrhoids are common during pregnancy and even after pregnancy. About 36% or one-third of women after childbirth complains of peri-anal symptoms the aim of the study was to find out the prevalence and risk factors of haemorrhoids and fissures during pregnancy and after childbirth......

Key words: Anal fissure, haemorrhoids, pregnancy

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[5]. Bhatia JC, Cleland J. Self-reported symptoms of gynecological morbidity and their treatment in south India. Stud Fam Plann1995;26:203– 16

Abstract: The worldwide incidence of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection is rapidly increasing, but there exists limited information on coronavirus disease in pregnancy. Here, we present our experience with 4 confirmed cases of covid-19 disease in pregnancy presenting to TSMU the first University clinic. This study aims to evaluate the clinical , laboratory and virology characteristics and outcomes of pregnant women confirmed with COVID-19 to provide reference for clinical work. All 4 patients presented with symptoms of covid-19 disease , including cough, myalgias, fevers, chest pain, and headache. All of them were admitted to the hospital in the obstetric/gynecology department. None requiring intensive care unit admission. This retrospective analysis reveals that unlike coronavirus infections of pregnant women caused by SARS and MERS, in these 4 pregnant women covid-19 did not lead to severe respiratory distress and maternal deaths.

Key Word: pregnancy, Covid-19, novel coronavirus.

[1]. Organization. WH (2005) Statement on the second meeting of the International Health Regulations (2005) Emergency Committee regarding the outbreak of novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV)
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[3]. H. Chen, J. Guo, C. Wang, et al.Clinical characteristics and intrauterine vertical transmission potential of COVID-19 infection in nine pregnant women: a retrospective review of medical records Lancet, 395 (2020), pp. 809-815
[4]. D. Di Mascio, A. Khalil, G. Saccone, et al.Outcome of coronavirus spectrum infections (SARS, MERS, COVID-19) during pregnancy: a systematic review and meta-analysis Am J Obstet Gynecol MFM, 2 (2020), p. 100107 [5]. Gottfredsson M.The Spanish flu in Iceland 1918. Lessons in medicine and history.Laeknabladid. 2008; 94: 737-745.

Abstract: Incisional hernia is defined as a defect occurring through the operative scar. It is one of the most common conditions requiring major surgery despite advances in surgical techniques and suture material. The incidence of incisional hernia in literature is 2- 11 following all laparotomies 1 and it is a source of morbidity and requires high health care costs. . It is seen more in females, obese and older age group. As a result of high recurrence rate in the repair of incisional hernia, various types of repairs have been used both anatomical and prosthetic. But the results have been disappointing with a high incidence of recurrence-about upto 50% after an anatomical repair and upto 10% following prosthetic mesh repairs 2,3,4. The introduction of prosthetics has revolutionized hernia surgery with the concept of tension free repair. The implantation of prosthetic mesh remains the most efficient method of......

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Abstract: Introduction: Prostatic cancer is the fourth most common male malignancy worldwide. It is the commonest human cancer found at autopsy in 30% of men at age of 50 and almost 90% at age 90. To decrease the mortality caused by prostate cancer much attention has given to its early detection. Transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS) appeared to increase the sensitivity and help identify appropriate sites for biopsy. Aim of This Study:The aim of this study was to determine the role of Transrectal Ultrasonography in the diagnosis of prostate cancer. Methods:This cross-sectional study was conducted in the inUrology Department of Bangladesh Institute of Research and Rehabilitation of Diabetes, Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders (BIRDEM), Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU) and Dhaka Medical College hospital (DMCH), Bangladesh during the period from July 2005 to June 2007.The.....

Key Words: Prostatic Cancer, Transrectal Ultrasonography, Male Malignancy, Benign Lesion, Malignant Lesion, Gray Scale.

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[4]. Office for National Statistics. Registrations of cancer diagnosed in 2008, England. Series MB1 no. 39. London, UK: National Statistics; 2010
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Abstract: Hypoglossal nerve schwannoma is a very rare slow growing encapsulated tumour. We would like to present a case report of a 51 years old man presented with painless, slow progressively swelling in the right submandibular region with history of giddiness and syncope off and on for more than one year. Histopathology exam of post-operative specimen shows Schwannoma with degenerative changes.

Key Word: Hypoglossal nerve schwannoma, submandibular swelling.

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Abstract: This is a review of literature to trace the origin of artificial intelligence abbreviated as AI, particularly in relation to its applications in mammography for detection of breast cancer. This topic appeared thought-provoking secondary to the fact that artificial intelligence or AI is a subject undergoing intense study and attracts significant attention in radiology. The idea of AI occurred in human minds as early as the eighth century. However, it was about twenty five years ago that medicine saw a prominent venture of artificial intelligence. Lung and breast neoplasms were among areas that received explicit concentration from researchers involved in computerised detection of medical images. AI algorithms complementing radiologists in minimising errors and expediting diagnoses with diminished ethical issues can be a prospective development in the near future.......

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Abstract: Background: Periodontal disease has been established as the most common dental disease affecting man kind since pre historical times.A sizable portion of India's population is economically backward and socially disadvantaged and often lives in geographically remote areas.The rural populations which contribute the majority of our countrymen are quiet ignorant about oral and periodontal health maintenance. Believes based on ignorance, superstitions and taboos about dentistry still prevail in many groups of Indian population.Wayanad, a district situated in the north east Kerala is a mountainous plateau in the Western Ghats, is the homeland of various tribal communities which form 17.11% of total population of that district. 79% of tribes in Wayanad district reside in.......

Key Words: Gingival Recession, CPI scores.Periodontium, Tobacco, Pan Chewing

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