iosr-JDMS   Volume-19 ~ Issue-11 ~ November 2020

Abstract: Miniaturization of the standard percutaneous lithotomy (PCNL) scope leads to the development of a mini PCNL procedure. Mini PCNL has gained popularity of late with the hope of reducing morbidity from standard PCNL. 1 This study is aimed to look at the outcomes of patients that underwent tubeless mini PCNL for the treatment of renal stones in our center

[1]. Manoj Monga, A. R. (2014). Percutaneous Renal Surgery (illustrated ed.). John Wiley &Sons.
[2]. Fernström, B. Johansson Percutaneous pyelolithotomy. A new extraction technique Scand J Urol Nephrol, 10 (1976), pp. 257-259
[3]. W. Xue, D. Pacik, W. Boellaard, A. Breda, M. Botoca, J. Rassweiler, et al.Management of single large nonstaghorn renal stones in the CROES PCNL global study J Urol, 187 (2012), pp. 1293-1297
[4]. S.V. Jackman, S.P. Hedican, C.A. Peters, S.G. DocimoPercutaneous nephrolithotomy in infants and reschool age children: experience with a new technique Urology, 52 (1998), pp. 697-701
[5]. S. Lahme, K.H. Bichler, W.L. Strohmaier, T. GötzMinimally invasive PCNL in patients with renal pelvic and calyceal stones Eur Urol, 40 (2001), pp. 619-624

Abstract: Marshall and Warren were the first to prove conclusively that H. pylori was the etiological factor for gastritis and peptic ulcer disease. Since then, H. pylori has been implicated in the development of gastric adenocarcinoma and MALT lymphoma in the stomach. The prevalence of infection in the digestive tract by Helicobacter species varies in the population studied, suggesting epidemiological differences in the distribution of the bacillus in various countries. So far, H. cinaedi, H. fennelliae, H. canis, H. rappini, H. pullorum, and H. canadensi have been isolated from human intestinal tracts. Helicobacter species isolated from the bile, gallbladder, or liver tissue of some animals, such as Helicobacter pullorum from poultry , H. canis from dogs ,.....

[1]. Bulajic, M., P. Maisonneuve, W. Schneider-Brachert, P. Mu¨ller, U. Reischl, B. Stimec, N. Lehn, A. B. Lowenfels, and M. Lo¨hr. 2002. Helicobacter pylori and the risk of benign and malignant biliary tract disease. Cancer 95:1946– 1953.
[2]. Crawford, J. M. 1994. The liver and the biliary tract, p. 883–896. In R. S. Cohtran, V. Kumar, and S. L. Robbins (ed.), Pathologic basis of disease, 5th ed. W. B. Saunders Company, London, United Kingdom.
[3]. Fox, J. G., F. E. Dewhirst, Z. Shen, Y. Feng, N. S. Taylor, B. J. Paster, R. L. Ericson, C. N. Lau, P. Correa, J. C. Araya, and I. Roa. 1998. Hepatic Helicobacter species identified in bile and gallbladder tissue from Chileans with chronic cholecystitis. Gastroenterology 114:755–763.
[4]. Fox, J. G., L. Yan, F. E. Dewhirst, B. J. Paster, B. Shames, J. C. Murphy, A. Hayward, J. C. Belcher, and E. N. Mendes. 1995. Helicobacter bilis sp. nov., a novel Helicobacter isolated from bile, livers, and intestines of aged, inbred mouse strains. J. Clin. Microbiol. 33:445–454.
[5]. Fox, J. G., R. Drolet, R. Higgins, R. Messier, L. Yan, B. E. Coleman, B. J. Paster, and F. E. Dewhirst. 1996. Helicobacter canis isolated from a dog liver and multifocal necrotizing hepatitis. J. Clin. Microbiol. 34:2479–2482.

Abstract: This study is centred around the role and usefulness of HRUSG in painful hip in pediatric age group.....

[1]. Dean B Coid DR (1993) : Introduction of hip ultrasonography to the neonatal Services of a Fire District General Hospital. Health Serv Manage Res, May; 6 (2) : 74-7.
[2]. Eggl H, Drekonja T, Kaiser B et al (1989) : Ultrasonography in the diagnosis of transient Synovitis of the hip & legg – Calve Perthes disease. J Pediatr Orthop B, Jul; 8(3) : 177-80.
[3]. Eich GF, Furga-Superti A, Umbricht FS (1999) : The painfull hip : evaluation of criteria for clinical decision – making Eur Je Pediatr, Nov; 158 (11) : 923-8.
[4]. Harcke HT, Grissom LE (1999) : Pediatric hip sonography, Diagnosis & differential diagnosis. Radiol Clin North Am, Jul; 37 (4) : 787-96.
[5]. Nimityongskul P, Mc Bryde AM, Crotty JM et al (1996) : Ultrasonography in the management of painful hips in children. Am j Orthop, June, 25 (6) : 411-4.

Abstract: Background: Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) ankylosis is defined as the stiffness of joint due to fusion between mandibular condyle and the glenoid fossa of the temporal bone. It has a social and psychological impact on the patient due to facial deformity. The functional disturbance is also occurred due to limited mouth opening. The purpose of this study is to determine the pattern, cause, and management of TMJ ankylosis in Dhaka Dental College Hospital, Bangladesh. Materials and Methods: A retrospective, cross-sectional, descriptive study was conducted for 31 patients (13 male, 18 female) aged 0 - 30 years old. Data collected from patient records from January 2016 to December 2019. Data were analyzed using SPSS (V - 22) software program.....

Key word: Temporomandibular joint (TMJ); Ankylosis; Arthroplasty

[1]. Balaji SM: Anatomy of temporomandibular joint. Textbook of Oral and Maxillofacial surgery. Balaji SM (ed): Elsevier, New Delhi, India; 2018.
[2]. Bello SA, Aluko Olokun B, Olaitan AA, Ajike SO. Aetiology and presentation of ankylosis of the temporomandibular joint: report of 23 cases from Abuja, Nigeria. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2012; 50:80-4. 10.1016/j.bjoms.2010.12.006
[3]. Salins PC. New perspectives in the management of cranio-mandibular ankylosis. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2000; 29:337-40.
[4]. Anyaneche CE, Osunde OD, Bassey G. Use of oral mucoperiosteal and pterygo-masseteric muscle flaps as interposition material in surgery of temporomandibular joint ankylosis: a comparative study. Ann Med Health Sci Res. 2015; 5:30-35. 10.4103/2141-9248.149782
[5]. Chidzonga MM. Temporomandibular joint ankylosis: review of thirty-two cases. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 1999; 37:123-26. 10.1054/bjom.1997.0089

Abstract: Background: Phacoemulsification (Phaco) and intraocular lens implantation is the commonest surgical practice for the treatments of cataract. Posterior capsular rupture and dropping the nucleus into the vitreous is one of the less common but sight threating complication of phacoemulsification. Trans pars plana posterior vitrectomy (TPPV), removal of the dropped lens fragments and insertion of an intraocular lens is the preferred treatment option for the above complication. The intraocular lens may be placed in the sulcus where capsular ring is intact or scleral fixation is done in.....

[1]. Borne MJ, Tasman W, Regillo C, Malecha M, Sarin L. Outcomes of vitrectomy for retained lens fragments. Ophthalmology 1996;103(6):971-6.
[2]. Smiddy WE, Guererro JL, Pinto R, Feuer W. Retinal detachment rate after vitrectomy for retained lens material after phacoemulsification. Am J Ophthalmol 2003;135:183‑187.
[3]. Rossetti A, Doro D. Retained intravitreal lens fragments after phacoemulsification: Complications and visual outcome in vitrectomized and non‑vitrectomized eyes. J Cataract Refract Surg 2002;28:310‑315.
[4]. Cohen SM, Davis A, Curkrowski C. Cystoid macular edema after pars plana vitrectomy for retained lens fragments. J Cataract Refract Surg 2006;32:1521‑1526.
[5]. Pande N, Dobbs TR. Incidence of lens matter dislocation during phacoemulsification. J Cataract Refract Surg 1996;22:737‑742

Abstract: Acute appendicitis is that most common surgical emergency which may be complicated by development of an appendiceal mass. That appendiceal mass is formed around that perforated appendix & it consists of inflammatory mass of inflamed appendix, adjacent viscera & greater omentum. An appendiceal mass varies from phlegmon to abscess & it develops in 2% to 6% of cases following acute appendicitis . Appendiceal mass more commonly seen in elderly males . For decades it have been conflicting opinions in that appendiceal mass management. Three modes of management practised now are (1) immediate appendectomy before that resolution of that mass , (2) conservative management with interval appendectomy in 6to 8 weeks . (3) An entirely conservative approach......

[1]. Ref - Sabiston text book of surgery 19 th edition
[2]. Srb manual of surgery 5th edition
[3]. Schwartz text book of surgery.
[4]. Guller U, Hervey S, Purves H, et al: Laparoscopic versus open appendectomy: Outcomes comparison based on a large administrative database.Ann Surg 239:43–52, 2004
[5]. McGory ML, Maggard MA, Kang H, et al: Malignancies of the appendix: Beyond case series reports. Dis Colon Rectum 48:2264–2271, 2005.

Abstract: Introduction CT was the first line of investigation in suspected stroke patients due to its ubiquity and sensitivity for detection of blood – but its limitations are a relative lack of sensitivity for the detection of early ischemia and low specificity in determining appropriateness for intervention with thrombolysis. So now MRI has emerged as a standard initial imaging modality in acute stroke. Diffusion weighted MR imaging is more sensitive for the detection of hyperacute ischemia. Diffusion perfusion mismatch indicates penumbra. Gradient echo MR sequences help in detecting hemorrhages. MR angiography and MR spectroscopy help to assess status of neck and intracranial vessels respectively. MR Spectroscopy provides information regarding abundance of metabolites. In this study.....

Keywords
 MRI
 HYPERACUTE ISCHEMIC STROKE
 HEMORRHAGIC STROKE

[1]. Moseley M E, Cohen Y,Mintorovitch J, et al.Early detection of regional cerebral ischemic incats comparison of diffusion and T2 weighted MRI and spectroscopy. Magnetic Resonance Medicine 1990; 14(2); 330-346.
[2]. K.Rima; G Rohit; P Anjali, C Veena.Role of DW MR images in early diagnosis of cerebral infarction, Indian Journal of Radiology ; 2003; Volume 13; Issue 2, Pages 213-217
[3]. Astrup J, Siesjo BK, Symon L. Thresholds in cerebral ischemia: the ischemic penumbra, Stroke 1981; 12: 723-725
[4]. Schellinger P D, Chalela J A, Kang D W et al. Diagnostic and prognostic value of early MR imaging vessels. signs in hyperacute stroke patients imaged <3hrs and treated with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator. American Journal of Neuroradiology 2005. 26; 618-624
[5]. Chen, Ziqian; Ni;,Piag; Zhang, Jing; ye, youqiang; Xiao Hui et al. Evaluating ischemic stroke with DTI Neurological research. Vol.30. Number 7 Sept 2008. Pages 720-726

Abstract: The current study aims at estimating the prevalence of positivity of anti-HCV antibodies in Hemo-dialysis patients. Hepatitis C virus related liver disease is significant cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with end stage renal disease who are on hemodialysis. Early diagnosis and treatment reduces mortality. With the informed consent, 450 patients with chronic kidney disease and on hemodialysis were included; 283 (63%) were male and 167 (37%) were female, and the mean age was 51 ± 17 years. Materials and methods-Serum samples were collected from hemodialysis patients.The mean duration on dialysis 05years .The samples of the both groups were screened for HCV antibodies using an ELISA test. Results-Total of 250.....

Key Words- Hemodialysis, HCV, transmission, ELISA, End-stage renal disease

[1]. H Hinrichsen,1 G Leimenstoll,1 G Stegen,1 H Schrader,1 U R Fölsch,1 W E Schmidt,2 and For The PHV Study Group, Prevalence and risk factors of hepatitis C virus infection in haemodialysis patients: a multicentre study in 2796 patients.
[2]. Digdem Ozer Etik, SerkanOcal, Ahmet SedatBoyacioglu, Hepatitis C infection in hemodialysis patients: A review, DOI: 10.4254/wjh.v7.i6.885.
[3]. SmaragdiMarinaki, John N Boletis, StratigoulaSakellariou, Ioanna K Delladetsima, Hepatitis C in hemodialysis patients, DOI: 10.4254/wjh.v7.i3.548.
[4]. KamyarKalantar-Zadeh,*† Ryan D. Kilpatrick,*‡ Charles J. McAllister,§ Loren G. Miller,_Eric S. Daar,¶ David W. Gjertson,§ Joel D. Kopple†** and Sander Greenland et al, Hepatitis C Virus and Death Risk in Hemodialysis Patients, Received July 14, 2006. Accepted March 1, 2007.
[5]. Jose Eduardo Trevizoli,* Raissa de Paula Menezes,† Lara Franciele Ribeiro Velasco,‡ReginaAmorim,§ Mauro Birche de Carvalho,† Liliana Sampaio Mendes,†ColumbanoJunqueiraNeto,† Jose´ Roberto de Deus MacedoandFrancisco de Assis Rocha Neves¶, Hepatitis C Is Less Aggressive in Hemodialysis Patients thaninNonuremic Patients, doi: 10.2215/CJN.01330308

Abstract: Cryptococcus is a leading mycological cause of morbidity in HIV infected patients. It was dormant till the epidemic of HIV in 1980's. Cryptococcus neoformans is an encapsulated yeast like fungus. The spectrum of Cryptococcus infection ranges from asymptomatic colonization to pulmonary Cryptococosis, Cryptococal meningitis and severe disseminated disease. Relapses of symptomatic cryptococcal meningitis are often associated with fluconazole resistance and immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome(IRIS). The most severe and common manifestation of Cryptococcal disease is meningitis. 15% of worldwide AIDS- Related deaths include Cryptococcal meningitis. HIV infected persons have highest risk of infection especially with advanced HIV disease. Introducing CART and use of prophylactic anti-fungals have decreased the incidence of Cryptococcal meningitis.......

[1]. Abassi M, Boulware DR et al. Cryptococcal Meningitis: Diagnosis and Management Update. Curr Trop Med Rep. 2015;2(2):90-9
[2]. Haddow LJ, Colebunders R et al. Cryptococcal immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome in HIV-1-infected individuals: proposed clinical case definitions. Lancet Infect Dis. 2010;10(11):791-802
[3]. Musubire AK, Boulware DR et al. Diagnosis and Management of Cryptococcal Relapse. J AIDS Clin Res. 2013;Suppl 3(3):S3-003

Abstract: Introduction: Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are the most common malignant subepithelial lesions (SELs) of the gastrointestinal tract in the daily clinical setting. GISTs are thought to originate from the interstitial cells of Cajal, which are the pacemaker cells of gastrointestinal movement. GISTs are largely caused by oncogenic mutations in the tyrosine kinase receptor KIT and/or platelet-derived growth factor receptor-α (PDGFR-α). Materials and Methods: The study of patients with gastric tumours attending a tertiary care hospital was conducted in the Department of General Surgery, MIMS, Vizianagaram, Andhra Pradesh for a period of two years (September 2018 to August......

Key Words: Gastrointestinal stromal tumors, DOG, subepithelial lesions, platelet-derived growth factor receptor-α

[1]. Kindblom LG, Remotti HE, Aldenborg F, Meis-Kindblom JM: Gastrointestinal pacemaker cell tumor (GIPACT): gastrointestinal stromal tumors show phenotypic characteristics of the interstitial cells of Cajal. Am J Pathol 1998, 152:1259–1269.
[2]. Lev D, Kariv Y, Issakov J, Merhav H, Berger E, Merimsky O, Klausner JM, Gutman M: Gastrointestinal stromal sarcomas. Br J Surg 1999, 86:545–549.
[3]. Rubin BP, Singer S, Tsao C, Duensing A, Lux ML, Ruiz R, Hibbard MK, Chen CJ, Xiao S, Tuveson DA, Demetri GD, Fletcher CD, Fletcher JA: KIT activation is a ubiquitous feature of gastrointestinal stromal tumors. Cancer Res 2001, 61:8118–8121.
[4]. Heinrich MC, Corless CL, Duensing A, McGreevey L, Chen CJ, Joseph N, Singer S, Griffith DJ, Haley A, Town A, Demetri GD, Fletcher CD, Fletcher JA: PDGFRA activating mutations in gastrointestinal stromal tumors. Science 2003, 299:708–710.
[5]. Medeiros F, Corless CL, Duensing A, Hornick JL, Oliveira AM, Heinrich MC, Fletcher JA, Fletcher CD: KIT-negative gastrointestinal stromal tumors: proof of concept and therapeutic implications. Am J Surg Pathol 2004, 28:889–894.