iosr-JDMS   Volume-19 ~ Issue-4 ~ April 2020

Abstract: Acute low back pain is nearly universal human experience, the subsequent development of chronic disability and diminished work capacity occurs in only a limited percentage of individuals. Acute low back pain can be defined as four to six weeks of pain between the coastal angles and gluteal folds that may radiate down to one or both legs. Methods and Analysis: The study is a randomized control trail of subjects 40 to 60 years, studying the effectiveness of strengthening exercise in acute low back pain patients. The study population will comprise 60 subjects are divided into two groups. Group A subjects are given by back strengthening exercise with interferential therapy versus group B subjects are given by abdominal strengthening exercise with interferential therapy.......

[1]. Casazza A Brian. Diagnosis and treatment of acute low back pain. American academy of family physicians 2012 June; 4(6):289-293.
[2]. Greg Mclntosh, Hamilton Hall. Low back pain: A systematic review. BMJ publishinggroup. 2011; 3(6): 1284-1287.
[3]. Benedict Wand, Christien Bird, James H McAuley, Caroline J Dore, Maureen MacDowell. Early intervention for the management of acute low back pain . Research online @ND. 2004; 15(3):128-134
[4]. Linset H.M pengel, Robert D Herbert, Chris G Maher, Kathryn M Refshauge. Acute low back pain. .BMJ publication; 2003; 323-327.
[5]. Julie M Fritz, Stevan Z George, Anthony Delitto. Role of fear avoidance beliefs in acute low back pain: relationships with current and future disability and work status. International association for the study of pain: published by Elsevier science. 2015 August; 47(2): 46-51.

Abstract: Purpose - to study the ophthalmic features in patients of oculocutaneous albinism. Methods- This was a prospective observational study that involved 14 eyes of 7 patients with oculocutaneous albinism complaining of diminution of vision. Complete ophthalmic examination was done in diffuse light followed by direct opthalmoscopic examination and optical coherence tomography. Results-There were 4 females and 3 males .Ophthalmic features in patients of oculocutaneous albinism include hypopigmented eyebrows and eyelashes , reduced visual acuity, photophobia and nystagmus. On slit lamp examination there is iris transillumination....

Keywords: Oculocutaneous albinism, nystagmus, hypopigmentation, iris transillumination, foveal hypoplasia

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Abstract: Purpose - to study the fundus findings in patients of malignant hypertension. Methods- This was a prospective observational study that involved 50 eyes of 25 patients with malignant hypertension complaining of diminution of vision. Complete ophthalmic examination was done in diffuse light followed by direct opthalmoscopic examination and optical coherence tomography. Results-There were 14 females and 11 males .Fundus findings in patients of malignant hypertension include arteriolar narrowing in all the patients followed by cotton wool spots in 86% patients , flame shaped haemorrhages in 62% patients, hard exudates in 58% patients, disc edema in 56%patients and disc haemorrhage in 12% patients. Optical coherence tomography findings included macular edema (central macular thickness > 300 μm), irregularly reflective regions, retinal nerve fiber layer thickening, subretinal fluid (SRF), intraretinal fluid, and intraretinal hyperreflective dots. ......

Keywords: hypertensive retinopathy,cotton wool spots,hard exudates,disc edema.

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Abstract: BACKGROUND. In addition to increased mortality and physical morbidity risks, epilepsy also has well documented psychosocial squeal. PURPOSE: To evaluate antiepileptic drug usage pattern in our hospital and their influence on quality of life.To study association between quality of life and factors influencing it. METHODS: A Hospital based cross-sectional study was conducted on epileptic patients on follow up. Recruited 98 patients with epilepsy who fulfilled the eligibility criteria from April 2016 to August 2016 from the outpatient department of Neurology,King.....

[2]. Ngugi AK, Bottomley C, Kleinschmidt I, Sander JW, Newton CR. Estimation of the burden of active and life-time epilepsy: A meta-analytic approach. Epilepsia. 2010 May;51(5):883–90.
[3]. Christensen J, Vestergaard M, Mortensen PB, Sidenius P, Agerbo E. Epilepsy and risk of suicide: a population-based case-control study. Lancet Neurol. 2007 Aug;6(8):693–8.
[4]. Strine TW, Kobau R, Chapman DP, Thurman DJ, Price P, Balluz LS. Psychological distress, comorbidities, and health behaviors among U.S. adults with seizures: results from the 2002 National Health Interview Survey. Epilepsia. 2005 Jul;46(7):1133–9.
[5]. Téllez-Zenteno JF, Matijevic S, Wiebe S. Somatic comorbidity of epilepsy in the general population in Canada. Epilepsia. 2005 Dec;46(12):1955–62.
[6]. Amudhan S, Gururaj G, Satishchandra P. Epilepsy in India I: Epidemiology and public health. Ann Indian Acad Neurol. 2015;18(3):263–77..

Abstract: Background: Hypokalemia, one of the most common electrolyte disturbances, is diagnosed if plasma potassium concentration is <3.5 mmol/L. The present study was carried out with an objective to know the varied presentation of hypokalemia, its contributing factors, and clinical outcome after potassium replacement therapy. Method: Total 50 patientswho presented with hypokalemia (serum potassium level <3.5 mmol/L) were enrolled during a study period of April 2019 to June 2019.A detailed history was taken. All relevant investigations including complete.....

Keywords: Hypokalemia, Potassium, Ultrasonography, Hyponatremia, Kaliuresis, Aetiology, Dyselectrolytemia

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Abstract: Snake bite is a common medical emergency and an occupational hazard, more so in tropical India, where farming is a major source of employment.(1)Snake bites cause substantial mortality and morbidity in India. A large proportion of snake bites occur when people are working barefoot in the fields, or while walking at night or early morning through fields or along roads. (2) Acute kidney Injury (AKI) is an important consequence of a snake bite and its proper supportive management after the anti-venom administration is of utmost importance, for a good patient outcome.(1)Of 3000 species of snakes known to world, in India, we have around 216 species, out of which 52 are known to be poisonous......

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Abstract: Rodenticide poisoning remains a major public health problem in Asian countries.(1)It is highly dangerous and people are mostly not aware of its toxicity effect which result in high death rate.Rodenticides includes various compounds ranging from highly toxic compounds requiring just a single dose ingestion like zinc phosphide, yellow phosphorus, sodium monofluroacetate, fluroacetamide, arsenic, thallium to less toxic compounds requiring repeated ingestion over a period of time like warfarins, and scilliroside.Rodenticide is available in three different forms in our area, as follows – 1) Powder form - zinc phosphide 2) Paste form - yellow phosphorus 3) Bait form - super warfarins.

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Abstract: Corona Viruses belong to a large family . They are enveloped, positive-sense, single-stranded RNA viruses. Corona Viruses have wide range of hosts and can infect many birds and mammals like bats, civet cats , humans. COVID-19 can cause respiratory tract infections such as the common cold, pneumonitis,ARDS. Study of the receptor binding motif (RBM) in the S protein reveals maximum of the amino acid residues essential for receptor binding were same between SARS-Corona Virus and SARS-Corona Virus-2, suggesting that the 2 Corona Virus strains use the same host receptor for cell entry. The entry receptor utilized by SARS-Corona Virus is Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2....

Keyword-COVID-19, SARS, ARB, AT1 Methods to search literature: Google search Engine

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