iosr-JDMS   Volume-19 ~ Issue-8 ~ Aug. 2020

Abstract: Objectives: 1.To illustrate the spectrum of radiological findings of multi-drug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) in computerized tomography (CT) of chest. 2. To compare the CT findings of MDR-TB with those of drug sensitive tuberculosis ( DS – TB ) and to determine the characteristic radiological findings of MDR-TB, which would serve as signs to raise the suspicion of MDR-TB in a patient with pulmonary tuberculosis. Hence, they can be referred to gene expert for early diagnosis and treatment. Materials and Methods: Total of 52 MDR-TB patients (cases) and 200 drug sensitive-TB patients (controls), who had undergone CT chest during the study period were included in the study. Age, sex, history of anti-TB treatment and CT chest findings of both groups were analysed.......

Keywords: Tuberculosis, multi drug resistant, computed tomography

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[3]. Tufariello JM, Chan J, Flynn JL. Latent tuberculosis: mechanisms of host and bacillus that contribute to persistent infection.
[4]. Lee KS, Im JG. CT in adults with tuberculosis of the chest: characteristic findings and role in management. AJR 1995; 164:1361–1367
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Abstract: Most recent data from GLOBOCAN 2018 suggests that breast cancer which is the most common cancer among women in the world, is also now most common cancer in India among both sexes and also among women. Almost 1,62,468 new cases of breast cancer are diagnosed every year in India which amounts to 28% of cancers among women. Approximately 87,000 women are estimated to die of breast cancer every year, indicating a high case fatality ratio [1].The incidence in many developing countries like India has been increasing at a more rapid rate than in developed countries and breast cancer in these countries is often associated with poorer survival [2]. Of the breast cancer deaths around the world in 2002, more than 50% occurred in countries with limited resources [2]. This is largely due to late presentation of the disease, limited resources for diagnosis and treatment in these places

[1]. GLOBOCAN 2018- https://gco.iarc.fr/today/data/factsheets/populations/356-india-fact-sheets.pdf
[2]. Parkin DM, Bray F, Ferlay J, Pisani P. Global cancer statistics, 2002. CA Cancer J Clin. 2005;55(2):74–108.
[3]. Anderson BO, Jakesz R. Breast cancer issues in developing countries: an overview of the Breast Health Global Initiative. World J Surg. 2008; 32(12):2578–85.
[4]. Shyyan R, Masood S, Badwe RA, et al. Breast cancer in limited-resource countries: diagnosis and pathology. Breast J. 2006;12Suppl 1:S27–37.
[5]. Vargas HI, Masood S. Implementation of a minimally invasive breast biopsy program in countries with limited resources. Breast J. 2003;9Suppl 2:S81–5.

Abstract: INTRODUCTION: Buckling of the tracheal air column at or just above the thoracic inlet on frontal chest roentgenograms(radiographs) of infants and younger children are commonly seen and is a normal phenomenon well known to pediatric radiologists. Normally observed in younger age groups and progressively reorients itself back to non-buckled position. AIMS AND OBJECTIVE: This study is a normal anatomical study of the position of the trachea in various age groups using radiographs. The main objectives of this study include the evaluation of incidence of buckling of trachea in the pediatric age group, determining its causes based on comparative study by review of literature and assessing its clinical significance............

Key words: Tracheal Buckling , Paediatric , Radiograph

[1]. Strife, J.L., Matsumoto, J., Bisset, G.S. et al. The position of the trachea in infants and children with right aortic arch. PediatrRadiol 19, 226–229 (1989). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02386838 [2]. Lincoln JCR, Deverall PB, Stark J, et al - Vascular anomalies compressing the oesophagus and trachea , Thorax 1969;24:295-306. [3]. Vaughan VC m, Litt IF. Assessment of growth and development. In: Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics, 14th edn. Eds Behrman RE, Vaughan VC, Nelson WE. Philadelphia, WB Saunders Co, 1992, pp 33-43
[4]. MICHAEL P WAILOO, JOHN L EMERY, Normal growth and development of the trachea by From the Department of Histopathology ,Children's Hospital, Sheffield doi10.1136/thx.37.8.584 on 1 August 1982 [5]. Domínguez-Gerpe L, Rey-Méndez M. Evolution of the thymus size in response to physiological and random events throughout life. Microsc Res Tech. 2003;62(6):464-476. doi:10.1002/jemt.10408

Abstract: Background: An accurate diagnosis and optimal treatment of extensor tendon injury of the hand and wrist are essential because these injuries are commonly observed in working population of community. A careful clinical history and assessment, knowledge of the mechanism of injury, surgical technique, and the physiopathology of tendon healing is important for good clinical outcome. Materials and Methods: In this hospital based prospective study, 32 patients of extensor tendon injury (ETI) belonging to age group of 15-60years undergoing extensor tendon repair under general/regional anaesthesia were included after inclusion and exclusion criteria.Three technique were applied for repair (modified Kessler, modified Bunnell, modified Becker)............

Key words: Extensor tendon, splint, extension and flexion lag

[1]. Miller H. Repair of severed tendons in the hand and wrist. SurgGynecol Obstet. 1942;74:693–698.
[2]. Altobelli G G, Conneely S, Haufler C, Walsh M, Ruchelsman D E. Outcomes of digital zone IV and V and thumb zone TI to TIV extensor tendon repairs using a running interlocking horizontal mattress technique. J Hand Surg Am. 2013;38(6):1079–1083. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
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Abstract: ocular trauma is an important cause of preventable ocular morbidity and blindness in addition to socioeconomic and psychological ramifications.The spectrum of ocular trauma ranges from minor injuries to very severe sight threatening injuries. Trauma is inevitable in war zone and routine army exercises.There are very few studies establishing relationship between occupation and ocular trauma in armed forces. This study was conducted to provide us with epidemiological data on ocular trauma cases in a mid-zonal hospital of armed forces in north-east region of India. Aim: to analyze the epidemiological profile of patients with ocular trauma among the soldiers of armed forces deployed in north eastern zone........

Key words: closed globe injury, globe rupture, ocular trauma, open globe injury

[1]. Macewen CJ. Eye injuries: A prospective survey of 5671 cases. Br J Ophthalmol1989;73:888-94
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Abstract: Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the sealing ability of Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA) and Biodentine when used to repair the furcal perforations in primary molars using dye extraction method. Study design: Recently extracted primary molars were collected and randomly sealed with MTA and biodentine after preparing perforations in the furcation area by using a high speed long shank round bur No:4.After setting of the material specimens were kept in methylene blue dye for 24 hours to check the microleakage by dye extraction method .Samples were then placed in vials containing 1ml of 65% nitric acid for 3 days for the extraction of the dye.The vials were centrifuged at 14000 rpm for 5 minutes to separate debris from the extracted dye.About 200 microlitres of the supernatant from each sample was then analyzed in a UV-visible spectrophotometer at 550nm wavelength using concentrated nitric acid as the blank,and readings were recorded as absorbance units.....

Key words: Biodentine, furcation, mineral trioxide aggregate, UV spectrophotometer

[1]. Haghgoo R, Arfa S, Asgary S. Microleakage of CEM cement and ProRoot MTA as furcal perforation repair materials in primary teeth. Iran Endod J. 2013;8:187–90. [PMC free article] [PubMed]
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[3]. Oliveira TM, Sakai VT, Silva TC, Santos CF, Machado MA, Abdo RC. Repair of furcal perforation treated with mineral trioxide aggregate in a primary molar tooth: 20-month follow-up. J Dent Child (Chic) 2008;75:188–91. [PubMed]
[4]. Malkondu Ö, Karapinar Kazandag M, Kazazoglu E. A review on biodentine, a contemporary dentine replacement and repair material. Biomed Res Int. 2014;2014:160951. [PMC free article] [PubMed]
[5]. Arens DE, Torabinejad M. Repair of furcal perforations with mineral trioxide aggregate: Two case reports. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol. 1996;82:84–8. [PubMed]

Abstract: Background: Stroke is acommonglobal public health problem with high prevalence in sub-SaharanAfrica where there is scant resources for acute stroke care.Several modifiable risk factors associated with stroke have been identified. Amajor strategy to reduce the burden of stroke in Africa will involve a comprehensive preventive effort targeted at screening and controlling modifiable risk factors. The present study sought to screen volunteers during a world stroke day awareness program in order to identify the presence of modifiable risk factors for stroke like hypertension, diabetes mellitus and obesity. Materials and methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional hospital-based study carried out during 2018 World Stroke Day Program.Volunteers who were at least 18 years and had...........

Key words: Stroke, Stroke risk factors, Cardiovascular risk factors, Blood pressure, Hypertension, Body mass index, Screening

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412-421
[4]. Owolabi MO, Sarfo F, Akinyemi R, Gebregziabher M, Akpa O, Akpalu A et al. Dominant modifiable risk factors for stroke in Ghana and Nigeria (SIREN): a case-control study. 2018, 6(4): E436-E446. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X (18)30002-0
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7th, 2020]. [Last updated 1st June 2018]. Available from: http://www.who.int/newsroom/factsheets/fs311/en/print.html.

Abstract: WHO announced cluster of cases of pneumonia of unknown etiology reported from Wuhan city of Hubei province, China [1] and later confirmed it to be a type of Human Coronavirus (popularly version two of SARS-Cov2) is a RNA virus belonging to the genus Betacoronavirus of the subfamily Orthocoronavirinae[2]. It rapidly spreads across the world and causes acute, highly lethal pneumonia coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) with clinical symptoms similar to those reported for SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV. On 11th Mar 2020 WHO declares COVID 19 a global pandemic [3]. At the time of writing this article there are 94,73,214 cases worldwide with 4,84,249 confirmed deaths spanning over 216 countries and India is 4th worst hit country with 4,90,401 cases and 15,301 deaths [4]. There are yet to identify and definitive treatment for COVID 19 and many drugs have been tried for chemoprophylaxis

[1]. World Health Organization. Pneumonia of unknown cause- China. Emergencies, preparedness, response, disease outbreak news, World health organization (WHO) 2020 Jan.
[2]. Coronaviridae Study Group of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses. The species severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus: classifying 2019-nCoV and naming it SARS-CoV-2. Nat Microbiol 2020 Mar 2
[3]. WHO Director-General's opening remarks at the media briefing on COVID19 -March 2020
[4]. World Health Organization. Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID- 19) Situation Report – 64 [Internet].2020.https://www.who.int/docs/defaultsource/coronaviruse/situationreports/20200524-sitre p-64 covid -19.pdf?sfvrs n=703b2c40_2. Accessed Jun 26,2020.
[5]. Indian Council of Medical Research. Advisory on the Use of Hydroxy-Chloroquine as Prophylaxis for SARS-CoV-2 Infection [Internet]. 2020. https://www.mohfw.gov.in/pdf/AdvisoryontheuseofHydroxychloroquinasprophylaxisforSARSCoV2infection.pdf Accessed Jun 26, 2020.

Abstract: Teratomas are congenital tumors derived fromembryonic tissues that may contain derivatives of all three germ layers(ectoderm,mesoderm and endoderm).Primary retroperitoneal teratomas are rare entities.Here we report a case of 15 yrs old girl with huge abdominal lump extending from epigastrium to the pelvic cavity,covering almost all the abdominal quadrants with mild diffuse pain over whole abdomen. Radiolgical evaluation revealed a retroperitoneal mass displacing pancreas,left kidney and bowel loops,composed of calcifications and solid cystic components.Thetumour was resected through a midline laparotomy and the pathology report confirmed the diagnosis of a mature cystic teratoma with no evidence of malignancy or immature components.Thepost operative recovery was uneventful.

Keywords: Teratoma ,Retroperitoneal , Primary,Case report

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Abstract: Fiable, facile à concevoir, à lever et à insérer ; le keystone flap était connu à ses débuts comme un lambeau imbattable dans la couverture des petites pertes de substance cutanées ; le développement récent de la notion d'angiotomes et des 4 sous-types de ce lambeau lui ont permis de couvrir de plus grandes surfaces avec un très bon résultat fonctionnel et esthétique ultérieur. L'objectif de notre étude est de rapporter l'expérience de notre service dans l'utilisation de ce lambeau au niveau du membre inférieur, et mettre le point sur les différentes techniques et modifications pouvant être rapportés à ce type de lambeau afin de le rendre encore plus fiable, plus efficace et avec moins de complications.

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[2]. R. Aragón-Miguel,a,∗ M. Gutiérrez-Pascual,b A. Sánchez-Gilo,b J. Sanz-Bueno,b F.J. Vicente-Martinb. The Keystone Flap in Dermatology: Clinical Experience with 18 Patients. 2018
[3]. Moncrieff MD, Bowen F, Thompson JF, Saw RP, Shannon KF, Spillane AJ. Keystone flap reconstruction of primary melanoma excision defects of the leg ----the end of the skin graft? Ann Surg Oncol. 2008;15:2867---73
[4]. Maria Eliza Nedu, Ileana Rodica Matei ,Alexandru Valentin Georgescu. Giant keystone type III perforator flaps for dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans defect reconstruction. 2019
[5]. Menderes A, Sunay O, Vayvada H, Yilmaz M. Surgical management of hidradenitis suppurativa. Int J Med Sci 2010;7(4):240–7. doi:10.7150/ijms.7.240.