iosr-JDMS   Volume-19 ~ Issue-8 ~ Aug. 2020

Abstract: Severely atrophied ridges pose a challenge in complete denture stability and comfort. The neutral zone technique is an approachusing which a denture is constructed such that it is in harmony with the surrounding musculature. In this paper a mandibular complete denture has been constructed using the neutral zone technique which uses the surrounding muscles balance to ensure adequate stability.

Key Word: Neutral zone technique, complete denture, atrophic ridges

[1]. The Glossary of prosthodontic terms: Ninth edition; J Prosthet Dent 2017 May; 117 (5S): e1-e105.
[2]. Srivastava V, Gupta NK, Tandan A, Kaira LS, Chopra D. The Neutral Zone:Concept and Technique. J Orofac Res 2012; 2(1):42-47.
[3]. Victor E. Beresin, DDS,a and Frank J. Schiesser, DDS:The neutral zone in complete dentures :J Prosthet Dent 2006;95:93-101.
[4]. Gahan MJ, Walmsley AD, The neutral zone impression revisited. Br Dent J 2005;198: 269-72
[5]. Russell AF. The reciprocal lower complete denture. J Prosthet Dent 1959; 9:180-90.

Abstract: Background: Sirenomelia is a rare birth defect in which two lower limbs fuse to form a single limb giving it an appearance of a mermaid's tail hence it is also termed as "mermaid syndrome". This peculiar morphotype is associated with anomalies involving multiple systems such as genitourinary and gastrointestinal tract. Although its cause is unknown it is believed to occur as a result of genetic and environmental factors. Case history: We here discuss a case of a 23-year-old primigravida with 20 weeks 1-day gestation with a breech presentation with severe oligohydramniosand multiple cardiac defects. She was apparently diagnosed to have had a missed abortion at 8 weeks of gestation and was put on an unknown drug by a local doctor. Conclusion:Sirenomelia with its bad prognosis calls for early detection of its diagnosis which can lead to timely medical intervention and save the patients a lot of mental and physical trauma.

Key Word: Sirenomelia,mermaid syndrome, sirenomelia sequence, sirenomelia syndrome, sirenomelusis

[1]. Reddy KR, Srinivas S, Kumar S, Reddy S, Prasad H, Irfan GM J Neonatal Surg. 2012 Jan-Mar; 1(1):7
[2]. Valenzano M, Paoletti R, Rossi A, Farinini D, Garlaschi G, Fulcheri E Sirenomelia. Pathological features, antenatal ultrasonographic clues, and a review of current embryogenic theories. Hum Reprod Update. 1999 Jan-Feb; 5(1):82-6
[3]. Stevenson RE, Jones KL, Phelan MC, et al. Vascular steal: the pathogenic mechanism producing sirenomelia and associated defects of viscera and soft tissues. Pediatrics. 1986;78:451–7.
[4]. Currarino G, Weinberg A. From small pelvic outlet syndrome to sirenomelia. PediatrPathol. 1991;11:195–210
[5]. Valenzano M, Paoletti R, Rossi A, et al. Sirenomelia. Pathological features, antenatal ultrasonographic clues and a review of current embryogenic theories. Hum Reprod Update. 1999;5(1):82–6..

Abstract: Backgound: Jaundice is the excess accumulation of bile pigments in the bloodstream and bodily tissues that causes a yellow to orange and sometimes even greenish discoloration of the skin, the whites of the eyes, and the mucous membranes. Jaundice in pregnancy causes significant maternal as well as perinatal mortality and morbidity like DIC, Thrombocytopenia, Renal failure, PPH and maternal mortality rates are high with the disease. It is responsible for about 60% of perinatal mortality and about 14% of maternal mortality. The present study analyses the cause and feto-maternal outcome in pregnancies in lower and middle socioeconomic classes which are affected with jaundice. Materials and methods: All the indore patients in the department of obstetrics and gynecology, civil hospital, Ahmedabad with pregnancy with jaundice with.....

Key words: hyperbilirubinemia, HELLP syndrome, viral hepatitis, DIC

[1]. Strand, Ronaldo T. Infectious aetiology of jaundice among pregnant women in Angola. Scand J Infect Dis 2003;35(6-7): 401-3
[2]. Siemens, F.C. The pregnant patient with acute liver disease. Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd 2002;146(31):1433-7
[3]. Suruchi Shukla et al, A Prospective Study on Acute Viral Hepatitis in Pregnancy; Seroprevalence, and Fetomaternal Outcome of 100 cases J Biosci Tech, Vol 2(3), 2011,279-286
[4]. Patra. S. Kumar, A. Trivedi. Maternal and fetal outcomes in pregnant women with acute hepatitis E virus infection. Ann Intern Med 2007;147;28-33
[5]. Oladokun, A. Otegbayo and J.A. Adeniyi, Viral hepatitis in the aetiogensis of jaundice in pregnancy at the University College Hospital, Ibadan. Afr J Med MedSci 2007;36(2):115-8.

Abstract: Introduction: Cysticercosis is an infection of both humans and pigs with the larval stages of the Taenia solium. This infection is caused by ingestion of eggs or gravid proglottids shed in the feces of a human tapeworm carrier. The subcutaneous form of the disease is a relatively rare clinical entity. Aim: The aim of this paper is to report a case of Subcutaneous cysticercosis involving the left anterior chest wall mimicking soft tissue neoplasm. Material and Method: This is a case of 35 years old female with complaints of lump in left anterior axillary line associated with itching for the last 5 months. The lump slowly increases in size with mild pain. On clinical examination, the lump was located subcutaneously over left lateral border of pectoralis major and firm to hard in consistency with mild tenderness. No skin change noted. Fine needle aspiration cytology was signed off as suspicious of Histiocytic tumour. Excision of lump was done under local anaesthesia and sent for histopathological examination. Histopathological...

Keywords: Subcuteneous Cysticercosis, Taenia solium, Histopathological examination

[1]. Lynne SG: Parasitology case history 5 (histology). Available from http://www.med-chem.com. Accessed July 19, 2020.
[2]. Rajwanshi A, Radhika S, Das A, Jayaram DN, Banerjee CK. Fine-needle aspiration cytology in the diagnosis of cysticercosis presenting as palpable nodules. Diag Cytopath 1991 2 14; 7(5) 517-519.
[3]. Sawhney M and Agarwal S: Cysticercosis: hooked by a hooklet on fine needle aspiration cytology-a case report. Case Reports in Infectious Diseases. Vol 2013, Article ID 315834, 2 pages
[4]. Lightowlers MW. Cysticercosis and Echinococcosis. Current Topics in Microbio and Immuno 2012; 365: 315–335.
[5]. Sawhney M, Agarwal S. Cysticercosis: Hooked by a hooklet on fine needle aspiration cytology – a case report. Case Rep Infect Dis. 2013;2013:315834..

Abstract: background: Retinopathy of prematurity is an important cause of preventable blindness among preterm and low birth weight infants,the study aims to find incidence and risk factors of ROP in a rural based tertiary centre.methodology:The study was done at BSMCH,a rural based tertiary care among 244 newborns with birth weight <2000gms or <34wk of GA,baby with ≥2000gms of birth weight or ≥34wks of GA was screened only if they had additional risk factors. Univariate logistic regression was used to identify the risk factors for ROP.results:The incidence of ROP among 244 newborn screened was found to be 12.7%,6.4% of the patients with GA≥34 wk had ROP but no patient above 2000gms of birth weight was found to have ROP.Apnoea,sepsis,oxygen therapy,low birth weight and ET were associated with increased risk for ROP.Conclusions:ROP is important cause of preventable blindness in children,among many risk factors, gestational age and birthweight found to be greatest risk factors.keywords-ROP,GA,birth weight,NICU,SNCU,ET(exchange transfusion)

[1]. Gilbert C, Rahi J, Eckstein M, O‟Sullivan J, Foster A.Retinopathy of prematurity in middle-income countries.Lancet. 1997;350:12-4.
[2]. Blencowe H, Lawn JE, Vazquez T, Fielder A, Gilbert C. Preterm-associated visual impairment and estimates of retinopathy of prematurity at regional and global levels for 2010. Pediatr Res. 2013;74 Suppl 1:35-49
[3]. An international classification of retinopathy of prematurity. The Committee for the Classification of Retinopathy of Prematurity. Arch Ophthalmol 1984;102:1130–4.
[4]. John F.salmon.Kanski‟s clinical ophthalmology a systematic approach,9th Ed,2020:538
[5]. Hammer ME, Mullen PW, Fergusson JG, Poi S, Cosbox C. Jackson KL. Logistic analysis of risk factors in acute retinopathy of prematurity. Am J Ophthalmol 1986; 102: 1-6..

Abstract: The following case report demonstrates a rare case where patient presents with vaginal bleeding following a first trimester abortion creating an impression of retained products of conception. However her Beta HCG andUltrasonography reports were debatable. Despite of falling Beta HCG levels USG reports and CT scan and MRI findings persistently reported an invasive lesion most likely a choriocarcinoma. These findings caused a dilemma regarding the diagnosis -choriocarcinoma or retained products of conception.

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Abstract: Background: The success of vital pulp therapy depends on the choice of pulp capping agent and the seal provided by coronal restoration. The liners besides protecting the pulp also act as stress buffers for polymerization shrinkage. Various studies have shown variations in resin dentin interface depending on multiple factors of which the choice of adhesive and underlying liner plays a major role. Objective: To evaluate the shear bond strength of composite resin with Vitrebond and TheraCal using total-etch and self-etch adhesive system. Materials and Methods: - Forty customized rectangular acrylic blocks, each containing 4×4mm slots were divided into two groups and filled with TheraCal......

Key Word: Adhesive, TheraCal LC, Vitrebond, shear bond strength.

[1]. Aguilar P, Linsuwanont P. Vital pulp therapy in vital permanent teeth with cariously exposed pulp: a systematic review. J Endod 2011;37:581-7.
[2]. Ghoddussi J, Maryam F, Iman P. New approach in vital pulp therapy in permanent teeth. IJE 2014;9(1): 15:22.
[3]. Tziafas D, Pantelidou O, Alvanou A, Belibasakis G, Papadimitriou S. The dentinogenic effect of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) in short-term capping experiments. Int Endod J 2002; 35:245-54.
[4]. Asgary S, Eghbal MJ. Treatment outcomes of pulpotomy in permanent molars with irreversible pulpitis using biomaterials: A multi-center randomized controlled trial. Acta Odontol Scand 2013; 71:130-6.
[5]. Tziafas D, Smith AJ, Lesot H. Designing new treatment strategies in vital pulp therapy. J Dent. 2000 Feb;28(2):77-92.

Abstract: A 14-year female, 9thstandard student,came with complaints ofseizures for two and a half years, behavioural disturbances for four months and memory disturbances for two months. Her first seizure occurred whileenroute to home from school and was witnessed by friends and auto driver. There wastonic posturing of all four limbs, staring look, tongue bite and frothing.It was followed by postictal confusion, and the entire episode lasted for 15 minutes. Her second episode of seizure occurred the following day in the railway station while waiting for the train. It began as tingling of right upper limb and lowerlimb, followed by posturing of all four limbs. There was postictal confusion, but no tongue bite or frothing. The entire episode lasted 15mins and was associated with weakness of right UL and LL, which later improved over a few hours. She was prescribed antiepileptic drugs after the two episodes.....

[1]. Klüver, H., Bucy, P. C.: An analysis of certain effects of bilateral temporal lobectomy in the rhesus monkey, with special reference to "psychic blindness". J. Psychol. 5, 33--54 (1938)
[2]. Klüver, H., Bucy, P. C.: Preliminary analysis of functions of the temporal lobes in monkeys. Arch. Neurol. Psychiatr. 42, 979--1000 (1939)
[3]. Pilleri, G.: The Klüver-Bucy syndrome in man. A clinico-anatomical contribution to the function of the medial temporal lobe structures.Psychiat. Neurol. (Basel) 152, 65--103 (1966)
[4]. Terzian, H., Ore, G. D.: Syndrome of Klüver and Bucy. Reproduced in man by bilateral removal of the temporal lobes. Neurology (Minneap.) 5, 373--380 (1954)
[5]. Shoji, H., Teramoto, H., Satowa, S. et al. Partial Klüver-Bucy syndrome following probable herpes simplex encephalitis. J. Neurol. 221, 163–167 (1979)

Abstract: Gossypiboma, also referred to as a "textiloma", or more broadly a Retained Foreign Object (RFO) is the technical term for surgical complications resulting from foreign materials, such as a surgical sponge, accidentally left inside a patient's body. [1] Clinical consequences may be dramatic, leading to a high rate of morbidity. The time of diagnosis is increased by poor knowledge of circumstances surrounding the occurrence of these incidents. We report a case of a gossypiboma which unfortunately lead to the death of the patient. Thus, although rare, gossypiboma should always be kept as a differential diagnosis in a patient who has undergone prior surgery who presents with vague pain or chronic lump in abdomen as this can avoid unnecessary morbidity and mortality if diagnosed early...

Key Word:Gossypiboma, Textiloma, Gastric Outlet Obstruction, Giant Perforation

[1]. Kim HS, Chung TS, Suh SH, Kim SY (April 2007). "MR imaging findings of paravertebral gossypiboma". AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 28 (4): 709–13.
[2]. Kokubo T, Itai Y, Ohtomo K, Yoshikawa K, Iio M, Atomi Y. Retained surgical sponges: CT and US appearance. Radiology. 1987;165:415–418.
[3]. Fair GL. Foreign bodies in abdomen causing obstruction. Am J Surg. 1953;86:472–475. doi: 10.1016/0002-9610(53)90465-6.
[4]. Sun H, Chen S, Kuo C, Wang S, Kao Y. Gossypiboma: retained surgical sponge. . J Chin Med Assoc. 2007;70(11):511–514.
[5]. Gumus M Gumus. A serious medico-legal problem after surgery:gossipiboma. American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology. 2012;33(1):54–57..

Abstract: Background: Styloid process is an anatomical landmark which is present bilaterally and is an important factor for diagnosing head and neck pain syndromes, commonly known as Eagle's syndrome. An awareness of this syndrome is important to all health practitioners involved in the diagnosis and treatment of neck and head pain. It has been estimated that 2 to 28% of the general adult population has radio-graphic appearance of elongated styloid process. The objective of the study was to assess the elongation of styloid process on digital panoramic radio-graphs and to evaluate the prevalence of elongation according to age, sex and types. Materials and Methods: A total of 120 panoramic radiographs of patients ranging from the age group of 15 years to 70 years were randomly.....

Key words: Styloid process; Eagle's syndrome; Panoramic radiographs; elongation of styloid process

[1]. G Roopashri et al; Evaluation of Elongated Styloid Process on Digital Panoramic Radiographs; The Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice, September-October 2012;13(5):618-622.
[2]. Eagle WW. Elongated styloid process: Further observations and a new syndrome. Arch Otolaryngol 1948; 47:630-40.
[3]. Dinkar, Amonkar SS. Eagle's syndrome: Review of literature and case report. Indian J Dent Res 2003; 14:162-68.
[4]. Prabhu LV, Kumar A, Nayak, et al. An unusually lengthy styloid process. Singapore Med J 2007;48(2): e34-36.
[5]. Kim E, Hansen K, Frizzi J. Eagle syndrome: Case report and review of literature. Ear Nose Throat J 2008; 87:631-33.
[6]. Kolagi SI, Herur A, Mutalik A. Elongated styloid process–report of two rare cases. International Journal of Anatomical Variations
2010; 3:100-102...

Abstract:Introduction: The lifetime risk of sustaining a neck of femur fracture is 9% for a female if age is 50 years but rises to 18% by the age 80 years.The figures for men are 3% and 10 % respectively. As the life expectancy increases mean age of society shifts towards the senior category, the incidence of hip fractures will continue to rise. The incidence of fracture neck of femur occurs in two different patient populations. A very small group 3% are young patients subjected to high velocity trauma while the majority are elderly due to trivial fall.....

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Abstract: Tuberculosis remains a world- wide public health problem . India has the highest tuberculosis cases in the world accounting for nearly one fourth of global tuberculosis burden.1 Mediastinal lymph adenopathy due to tuberculosis is a common presentation in paediatric age group. This is due to primary tuberculosis .Mediastinal lymph adenopathy due to tuberculosis is also seen in adults. Disease may represent primary infection, spread from contiguous sites, or reactivation2. The mediastinal lymphadenopathy is encountered about 46% in children 3,4 . The tubercular mediastinal lymph adenopathy without lung parenchymal lesion in adult has been reported to be about 6% 5,6,7 . Cavitary pulmonary tuberculosis....

[1]. TB India 2017 Revised National TB Control Programme. Annual status report , New Delhi,2017.
[2]. Tuberculosis. In : Stuart H Ralston, Ian D Penman, Mark WJ Strachan, Richard P Hob son (eds) Devidsons Principles and Practice of Medicine. 23rd edition. Elsevier; 1918, p. 590.
[3]. Lamont AC, Cremina BJ, PelteretRM : Radiological pattern of pulmonary tuberculosis in pediatric age group. Pediatr. Radiol 1986;16: 2-7.
[4]. GH Swingier, G du Toit, S Andronikou, L van der Merwe, H J Zar: Diagnostic accuracy of chest radiography in detecting mediastinal lymph adenopathy in suspected pulmonary tuberculosis. Arch Dis Child 2005; Nov 90 (11) .
[5]. Lyons HA, Calvy GA, Sammons BP. The diagnosis and classification of madiastinal mass. A study of 782 cases. Ann Intern Med 1959;51:897-932..

Abstract: Background:Herbal medicine is always appreciated for its unadulterated and pristine nature. However Allopathy is considered as a modality to fix the ailment that too in a very short span of time and hence its very popular.Nevertheless plant based medicines has its own value which cannot be countered by any other.Tribals have an elaborate knowledge regarding this.Adivasis in Wayanad still uses medicinal products from plant for different ailments including oral diseases.In the present study anticariogenic potential of Tabernamontana divaricata(nandyar vattom) is evaluated .Various parts of this plant is used amongst tribals for treating dental diseases...

Key words: Tabernamontana divaricata,Zone of Inhibition,Anticariogenic potencial

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[5]. Debbarma M, Pala A,Kumar M,Bussman R.Traditionalknowledgeof medicinal plantsin tribes of Tripura in north east , India. African J Tradit Complement Altern Med .2017;14(4):156-168