iosr-JDMS   Volume-20 ~ Issue-5 ~ May 2021

Abstract: The Herlyn-Werner-Wunderlich Syndrome also referred as OHVIRA syndrome is a rare congenital mullerian anomaly characterised by uterus didelphys (or sometimes septate uterus), hemi-obstructed vagina with ipsilateral renal agenesis. Although usual presentation is after menarche but few reports of pre-pubertal presentation in infants and a delayed presentation until during pregnancy have also been reported. The key to diagnosis in such cases is high index of suspicion and detailed work up in order to avoid late diagnosis of such rare presentations leading to complications that might compromise the fertility and affect the quality of life of an individual and add to morbidity. We are describing here a case of an adolescent girl who presented with history of urinary retention, spasmodic dysmenorrhea and lower abdominal pain after an year of menarche who was diagnosed in time and managed appropriately with an uncomplicated post-operative period..

Keywords: Herlyn Werner Wunderlich Syndrome, OHVIRA Syndrome, Hemi- obstructed vagina, uterus didelphys, mullerian duct anomalies, urinary retention, pelvic pain

[1]. Herlyn U, Werner H. [Simultaneous occurrence of an open Gartner-duct cyst, a homolateral aplasia of the kidney and a double uterus as a typical syndrome of abnormalities]. Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 1971;31(4):340–347
[2]. WunderlichM. [Unusual form of genital malformation with aplasia of the right kidney]. Zentralbl Gynakol 1976;98(9):559–562
[3]. Wu TH, Wu TT, Ng YY, et al. Herlyn-Werner-Wunderlich syndrome consisting of uterine didelphys, obstructed hemivagina and ipsilateral renal agenesis in a newborn. Pediatr Neonatol 2012; 53: 68-71.
[4]. Park Noh Hyuck, Park Hee Jin, Park Chan Sup, Park Sung Il: Herlyn-Werner- Wunderlich Syndrome with Unilateral Hemivaginal Obstruction, Ipsilateral Renal Agenesis and Contralateral Renal Thin GBM Disease: A Case Report with Radiological Follow Up. J Korean Soc Radiol 2010, 62:383-388.
[5]. Angotti R, Molinaro F, Bulotta AL, Bindi E, Cerchia E, Sica M, Messina M. Herlyn-Werner-Wunderlich syndrome: An "early" onset case report and review of Literature. Int J Surg Case Rep. 2015;11:59-63. doi: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2015.04.027. Epub 2015 Apr 24. PMID: 25932973; PMCID: PMC4446687.

Abstract: The American Dental Association believes that dentists should possess not only knowledge, skill, and technical competence but also those traits of character that encourage adherence to ethical principles. The dental profession holds a special position of trust within society. A philosophical study of moral issues of right and wrong is called ethics and deals with the moral duties of the professional dentists toward their patient, society and professional colleagues. The core issues in dental ethics are the ethics of the dentist-patient relationship, patient's confidentiality, and the need to obtain informed consent. The dentists have a duty to conduct their professional life, in accordance with the fundamental principles of ethics. This article reviews the evolution and philosophy of ethics, theories of ethics and the fundamental principles of ethics that the dentist should follow.

Key Words: Ethics, Consent, Dental Council, Dental ethics, Law.

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Abstract: Viral infections play a key role in causing many of the human cancers (i.e., 15-20%). Infections caused by these kinds of oncogenic viruses can initiate different stages of carcinoma. One such oncogenic virus is the Human Papilloma Virus (HPV), among the different strains of which around 15 strains are related to the cause of cervical cancer. Despite having effective screening and diagnostic methods, cervical cancer continues to be of major concern worldwide. A wide range of differences in cervical cancer prevalence does exist from one geographic region to another. Many studies have been conducted globally on the prevalence and epidemiology of HPV infection and the cancer causing properties of different HPV genotypes. However, there are still many countries where the.......

KEYWORDS: Cervical cancer, cervix, ectocervix, endocervix, precancer, cervical intraepithelial neoplasm (CIN), invasive cervical cancer, Human Papillomavirus (HPV)

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Abstract: Purpose: Phthiriasis palpebrarum is infestation of eye lids with Phthirus pubis which predominantly presents as pruritus of eyelids. There is a good probability for misdiagnosis as anterior blepharitis or conjunctivitis in the absence of pruritus. Case report: Here we report the case of Phthiriasis palpebrarum in an elderly female presented with history of recurrent bilateral ocular redness and blurring of vision. Patient was previously treated as conjunctivitis elsewhere. On careful slit-lamp examination, patient was found to have nits, multiple lice anchored to eyelashes, follicular reaction in conjunctiva and bilateral corneal opacities. The patient was treated successfully by mechanical removal of nits and adult lice and topical application of petroleum jelly. Conclusion: Phthiriasis palpebrarum can have unusual presentation with follicular hyperaemia and corneal opacities even without pruritus. Hence careful slit-lamp examination of ocular adnexa is important in patients with features of ocular irritation for prompt diagnosis and timely management..

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[3]. Ryan MF. Phthiriasis palpebrarum infection: A concern for child abuse. J Emerg Med. 2014;46(6):159-162.
[4]. Yi JW, Li L, Luo da W. Phthiriasis palpebrarum misdiagnosed as allergic blepharoconjunctivitis in a 6-year-old girl. Niger J Clin Pract. 2014;17(4):537-539.
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Abstract: Background- Patients with malignant ascites clinically present similarly to those with non-malignant cause. Cytological examination of ascitic fluid is one of the first line investigations ,if a malignant cause is suspected. Although many cases of ascites have an intra-abdominal malignancy, very few are diagnosed by ascitic fluid cytology. Objective- The aim of this study is to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of ascitic fluid cytological examination in determining malignancy . Method-This was Retrospective observational study of patients admitted in Government Medical College, Nanded with ascites related malignancy. Patients with malignancy diagnosed radiologically or confirmed histopathologically were included in the study. Result- Out of 30 samples sent for assessment......

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Abstract: Coronaviruses are a group of related RNA viruses that cause diseases in mammals and birds. In humans and birds, they cause respiratory tract infections that can range from mild to lethal. Mild illnesses in humans include some cases of the common cold (which is also caused by other viruses, predominantly rhinoviruses), while more lethal varieties can cause SARS, MERS, and COVID-19. In cows and pigs they cause diarrhea, while in mice they cause hepatitis and encephalomyelitis. Coronaviruses constitute the subfamily Orthocoronavirinae, in the family Coronaviridae, order Nidovirales, and realm Riboviria.1,2 They are enveloped viruses with a positive-sense single-stranded RNA genome and a nucleocapsid of helical symmetry.3 The genome size of coronaviruses ranges from approximately 26 to 32 kilobases, one of the largest......

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Abstract: Blood transfusion is a lifesaving intervention globally. In the blood donation it is very important to maintain the safety of donors therefore blood donor selection is of utmost importance as the screening of blood bags for infectious diseases. However due to deferment of blood donors in blood donation camp there is loss of valuable blood and blood components which can be used to save many lives . Therefore it is necessary to prevent the deferment of blood donors and thus we conducted this study to know various causes and prevalence of blood donors deferment in our hospital DR. SCGMC NANDED. METHODS: A retrospective study of donors from 1 August 2019- 31 July 2020 was......

KEYWORDS: DONOR DEFERMENT, DEFERMENT PATTERN, DONOR SELECTION CRITERIA, BLOOD DONATION.

[1]. WHO. Media Centre, fact sheets, blood safety and availability, facts and figures from the 2014 blood safety survey, fact sheet no. 279; 2014. Available from: http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/ fs279/en/index.html. Accessed August 21, 2020.
[2]. Assessment of Blood Banks in India – Naco. Available from: http:// naco.gov.in/sites/default/files/Assessment%20of%20Blood%20Banks %20in%20India%20-%202016.pdf. Accessed August 21, 2020.
[3]. Bobati SS, Basavraj V, Prakash P. Analysis of predonation loss of blood donors due to deferrals - in a tertiary care hospital set up. Int J Health Allied Sci. 2016;5(1):15–18. doi:10.4103/2278-344X.173874
[4]. Davey RJ. Recruiting blood donors: challenges and opportunities. Transfusion. 2004;44(4):597–600. doi:10.1111/j.0041-1132.20 04.04402.x
[5]. Mohammed S, Essel HB. Motivational factors for blood donation, potential barriers, and knowledge about blood donation in first-time and repeat blood donors. BMC Hematol. 2018;18:36. doi:10.1186/ s12878-018-0130-3.

Abstract: Hydatid disease is an anthropozoonosis. It is caused by Echinococcus granulosus in tropical countries. Humans are the accidental intermediate hosts of Echinococcus. It affects the liver and lung most commonly, but may rarely affect the fallopian tubes, broad ligament and other structures. We report and discuss a case of primary pelvic hydatid cyst of broad ligament in a woman, who was suffering from primary sub fertility for last 15 years, presented with lower abdominal pain, clinically and sonographically suspicious of ovarian cyst preoperatively. Investigations failed to identify the nature of the disease until surgical exploration and microscopic studies confirmed the diagnosis......

Keywords: Broad ligament hydatid cyst, Echinococcus, Primary pelvic hydatid cyst.

[1]. Pawlowski, Z. S., Meslin, F., Eckert, J. & Gemmel, M. A. (Editors) (2001). WHO/OIE Manual on Echinococcosis in Humans and Animals: A Public Health Problem of Global Concern. World Organization for Animal Health and World Health Organization.
[2]. Craig, P. (2003). Echinococcus multilocularis. Curr Opin Infect Dis 16, 437–444.
[3]. Chelli D, Methni A, Gatri C, Boudaya F, Affes M, Chennoufi MB. Pelvic hydatid (echinococcal) disease. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2010;109:45-8.
[4]. Bickers J, William M. Hydatid disease of the female pelvis. Am J Obst Gynecol. 1970;107:477-83.
[5]. Martín-Serradilla JI, Guerrero-Peral AL, Marcos-Alvarez R, Mohamed-Buskri A, Hernández-Carrero MT, Zatarain-Vázquez MT. Lumbar plexopathy secondary to pelvic hydatid cyst. Rev Neurol 2002;34:944-9.

Abstract: Background: Preeclampsia remains a major cause of maternal and perinatal mortality and morbidity in developing country. Although it is a heterogeneous disease, it is believed to result from impaired placentation. Pregnancies that are destined to result in normal term deliveries show increased diastolic blood flow and loss of early diastolic notch by 22 -26weeks of gestation, while pregnancies that show persistent high resistance waveform with early diastolic notches are at risk of preterm delivery due to preeclampsia, abruption & IUGR. Women who have failed to modify uterine artery blood flow by 20weeks represent one of the highest risk group in pregnancy particularly for the development of preterm delivery, IUGR, early onset preeclampsia. It is therefore logical that many studies had focused on uterine artery Doppler as a screening test of women at risk to develop preeclampsia. Clinician could then identify women who require close antenatal surveillance and allow early referral for timely delivery, when sign and symptoms occur. Materials and Methods: In this prospective hospital based observational study, 90 high risk mothers were selected from outpatient department . All of them were subjected to Color Doppler examination, using a 3.5-MHz transducer and medium filter. During......

Key word: diastolic notch, preeclampsia, antenatal surveillance

[1]. Antsaklis A et al. Uterine artery Doppler in the prediction of preeclampsia and adverse pregnancy outcome. Donald School Journal of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynaecology.April-June 2012;4(2):117-122.
[2]. Barbieri C. Doppler ultrasound in high risk pregnancies. Department of ObstetGynecolof the Center for Integral Attention to Women's Health. [Last accessed on 2010 Oct 6]
[3]. Barati M. Shahbazian N. Ahmadi N, Masihi S. Diagnostic evaluation of uterine artery Doppler sonography for the prediction of adverse pregnancy outcomes. J Res Med Sci.2014 Jun;19(6): 515-519.
[4]. Toal M, Keating S, Machin G, Dodd J, Adamson SL, Windrim RC, et al. Determinants of adverse perinatal outcome in high — risk women with abnormal uterine artery Doppler images. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2008;198:330.e1–330.
[5]. Gómez O, Figueras F, Fernández S, Bennasar M, Martínez JM, Puerto B, et al. Reference ranges for uterine artery mean pulsatility index at 11–41 weeks of gestation. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2008;32:128–32

Abstract: Aim: To study the various postoperative complications of hernioplasty in respect to individuals with various Body mass index (BMI)
Background: Conflicting report has been shown in literature stating the relationship between body mass index and postoperative complications after inguinal hernia surgery stating that there were higher complication rates in both obese and underweight (1). The theory in support of protective factor for obesity is that the pre peritoneal fat can act as a plug and thereby prevent the herniation (2). Diagnosis of inguinal hernia could be a problem due to their body habitus. The literature has shown that though obesity could act as a protective factor for inguinal hernia......

Keywords: Body mass index (BMI), hernioplasty, obese, postoperative complications

[1]. Rosemar A, Angeras U, Rosengren A. Body mass index and groin hernia: a 34 year follow up study in Swedish men. Annals of Surgery.2008 Jun 1;247(6):1064-1068
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Abstract: Background: With an estimated 1.67 million new cancer cases being diagnosed, breast cancer represents nearly 25% of all cancers and goes on to become the most common cancer in women. From various studies we can see a significant increase in cancer associated morbidity and mortality in the Indian sub-continent. Even though the use of various screening methods like mammography and MRI are proving to be effective; identification of various risk factors like age, hormone levels, age at menarche, childbirth and menopause are now gaining importance. Objectives: The aim of the.....

Keywords Types of breast cancer, demography of breast cancer and incidence

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