iosr-JDMS   Volume-20 ~ Issue-5 ~ May 2021

Abstract: Background: Supracondylar fractures of femur are historically difficult to treat because they are highly unstable and comminuted and tend to occur usually in young and multiply injured patients due to high velocity trauma. This study is designed for closed supracondylar fracture of femur AO or Muller's type 33-A to assess the final outcome fixed with distal femoral locking plate by ORIF technique. Objective: To evaluate the outcome of open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) with distal femoral locking plate for closed supracondylar fracture of femur of AO or Muller's type 33-A. Materials & Methods: This study was carried out at the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faridpur Medical College Hospital, Faridpur, Bangladesh from 01st June 2017 to 31st July 2018. It was a descriptive observational study. By purposive sampling technique, 22 cases (n=22) were included according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria....

Keywords: Open Reduction; Internal Fixation; Supracondylar fractures; Femur

[1]. Koval KJ, Zuckerman JD. (2006). Handbook of fractures. 3rd ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. Chapter 20. Page no 304-313.
[2]. Mahesh D V, Gunnaiah, Vishwanath. (2014). Management of Distal Femur Fracture by Locking Compression Plate. International Journal of Health Sciences & Research. (www.ijhsr.org); 4(5):235-240.
[3]. Dalley AF II. Frank H Netter (1996). Atlas of human anatomy. 2nd ed. East Hanover: Novartis.
[4]. Bucholz RW, Jones A. (1991). Current Concepts Review: Fractures of the Shaft of the Femur. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 73:1561-66.
[5]. Hoffmann MF, Jones CB, Sietsema DL. (2013). Clinical outcomes of locked plating of distal femoral fractures in a retrospective cohort. Journal of orthopedic surgery and research. 8:43.

Abstract: Acute Pancreatitis is a common disorder due to development of acute inflammation of normally existing Pancreas. Acute Pancreatitis includes varying type of diseases from mild self-limiting symptoms to fulminant multi organ failure and high mortality. The overall mortality rate is 3-10%, where in 11-30% of cases with severe disease manifested as pancreatic necrosis. Acute pancreatitis refers to an acute inflammatory process of the pancreas, usually accompanied by abdominal pain and elevations of serum pancreatic enzymes. This syndrome is usually a discrete episode, which may cause varying degrees of injury to the pancreas, and adjacent and distant organs. The incidence of acute pancreatitis has wide variability within populations, with about 1–5 cases per 10,000 population.......

[1]. Ref - Sabiston text book of surgery 19 th edition
[2]. Srb manual of surgery 5th edition
[3]. Schwartz text book of surgery.
[4]. Muniraj T, Gajendran M, Thiruvengadam S, Raghuram K, Rao S, Devaraj P. Acute pancreatitis. Dis Mon. 2012;58:98-144.
[5]. Talukdar R, Vege SS. Recent developments in acute pancreatitis. Clinical Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2009;7:S3-9.
[6]. Banks PA, Bollen TL, Dervenis C, Gooszen HG, Johnson CD, Sarr MG, et al. Classification of acute pancreatitis-2012: Revision of the Atlanta classification and definitions by international consensus. Gut. 2013;62:102-11..

Abstract: Background Various public health response measures that have been put in place across Nigeria in recent years to control Lassa fever. However, many more cases are being reported with variations in mortality in different parts of the country including Plateau State. This study aimed to describe the predictors of Lassa fever mortality within the period of 2015-2019 and control efforts in Plateau State, Nigeria. Materials and Methods The study was a cross-sectional study employing the use of quantitative (records of Lassa fever cases in the state) and qualitative (key informant interviews of selected stakeholders) data. Analysis was carried out using IBM SPSS version 23. Logistic regression was used to determine the predictors of mortality and content analysis for qualitative data was done to describe the control efforts in the State........

Key words: Lassa fever, mortality, predictors, control, Plateau State

[1]. Fatiregun AA and Isere EE. Epidemic preparedness and management: A guide on Lassa fever outbreak preparedness plan. Nigerian Medical Journal. 2017;58(1):1-6.
[2]. Ogbua O, Ajuluchukwub E, Unekec CJ. Lassa fever in West African sub-region: an overview. J Vect Borne Dis. 2007;44:1-11.
[3]. Richmond JK and Baglole DJ. Lassa fever: epidemiology, clinical features, and social consequences. British Medical Journal. 2003;327(7426):1271–5.
[4]. Olayiwola JO and Bakarey AS. Epidemiological trends of Lassa fever outbreaks and insights for future control in Nigeria. International Journal of Tropical Disease and Health. 2017;24(4):1-14.
[5]. World Health Organization. Lassa Fever - Nigeria. 2017 [cited 2018 24 Apr]. Available from: http://www.who.int/csr/don/28-june-2017-lassa-fever-nigeria/en

Abstract: INTRODUCTION : Spondylolisthesis is defined as anterior or posterior slipping of one segment of the spine on the next lower segment.OBJECTIVE : To study the functional outcome of TLIF in management of isthmic spondylolisthesis using Oswestry Low Back Pain Disability Questionnaire , to assess surgical outcome on the radiological basis of interbody fusion and complications. MATERIAL & METHODS : Adult isthmic spondylolisthesis not responding to conservative treatment underwent TLIF.The process included decompression, reduction, stabilisation with pedicle screw and rods, three column spinal fusion with TLIF cage and laminectomy bone chips.RESULTS : The mean age of patients was 34.65 years with a male to female ratio of 1:2.33 in a study population of 20 patients .70% had slip at L5-S1, 30% had listhesis at L4-L5 with grade≥2.Low back pain and sciatica followed.....

Keywords: Spondylolisthesis, Spine, TLIF, Fusion

[1]. Kalichman L, Kim DH, Li L, Guermazi A, Berkin V, Hunter DJ (2009) Spondylolysis and spondylolisthesis:prevalence and association with low back pain in the adult community-based population. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 34:199-205.
[2]. Watkins MB (1964) Posterolateral fusion in pseudoarthrosis and posterior element defects of the lumbosacral spines. ClinOrthop 35: 80
[3]. Newman PH. Stenosis of lumbar spine in spondylolisthesis. Clin Orthop Relat Res.Mar-Apr 1976; (115) : 116-121.
[4]. Wiltse LL, Newman PH, Macnab I. Classification of spondylolisis and spondylolisthesis. ClinOrthop1976;117:23-9.
[5]. Hams J. Rolinger H . A one stage procedure in operative treatment of spondylolisthesis : dorsal traction – reposition and anterior fusion. Z Orthop Ihre Grenz geb 1982; 120:343-347..

Abstract: COVID-19 became a major public health crisis worldwide in February 2020. India is among the top three worst-affected nations. Dental professionals are at high risk of getting COVID-19 due to aerosol-generating procedures, saliva splatter etc. This pandemic has highlighted some of the major gaps in dental research and the need for new relevant knowledge to manage the current crisis and minimize the impact of such outbreaks on dentistry in the future. Dental clinics were closed due to lockdown; which has affected the dentists financially. COVID-19 is going to be a part of life, therefore we have to improvise and adapt to overcome the situation and losses incurred. This research focuses on the analysis of dental practice before and after Corona, its impact on the psychology of dentists, financial.....

Keywords: COVID-19, Coronavirus, Dentist, Pandemic, Lockdown

[1]. Paul Coulthard .Dentistry and coronavirus (COVID-19) – moral decision-making.BRITISH DENTAL JOURNAL | VOLUME 228 NO. 7 | April 10 2020
[2]. S. Udhaya Kumar 1, D. Thirumal Kumar 1, B. Prabhu Christopher 2 and C. George Priya Doss: The Rise and Impact of COVID-19 in India. May 2020 | Volume 7 | Article 250
[3]. Ge, Z., Yang, L., Xia, J., Fu, X., Zhang, Y., 2020. Possible aerosol transmission of COVID-19 and special precautions in dentistry. J. Zhejiang Univ. Sci. B. https://doi.org/10.1631/jzus.B2010010.
[4]. Peng, X., Xu, X., Li, Y., Cheng, L., Zhou, X., Ren, B., 2020. Transmission routes of 2019-nCoV and controls in dental practice. Int J Oral Sci 12.
[5]. Pereira LJ, Pereira CV, Murata RM, Pardi V, Pereira-Dourado SM. Biological and social aspects of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) related to oral health.Braz Oral Res. 2020 May 8;34:e041. doi: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2020.vol34.0041.

Abstract: Background: Dental practice in its act of providing oral healthcare services produces different types of dental waste in clinics and laboratories. Therefore knowledge of the waste management is essential in every dental hospital and laboratory.This study was carried out to ascertain the dental waste management practices among dental professionals in some selected dental hospital/clinics and laboratory in south-east, Nigeria.The study employed cross sectional study design.The research was carried out within seven months (August 2019 to February, 2020) in selected hospitals and clinics in South-East, Nigeria. Methodology: Data were collected using structural pretested questionnaire administered to 160 purposefully selected consenting respondents (Dental.....

Keywords: waste, dentistry, management, practices, professionals, selection, clinics and hospital

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Abstract: Sialorrhoea (drooling or excessive salivation) is a common problem encountered in neuropsychiatry patients.It can cause a range of physical and psychosocial complications, including perioral chapping, dehydration, odor, and social stigmatization, which can be devastating for patients and their families.Mood stabilizer lithium has hypersalivation as a rare side effect. Here,a 46- year- old male presented with lithium induced hypersalivation with serum lithium level being in normal range.It subsided on addition of an anticholinergic agent.case reports in this regard are sparse. Sialorrhoea due to lithium can occur in normal as well as toxic level of serum lithium and there is no fixed duration of onset.It is a rare side effect of lithium and is a clinical dilemma like its toxicity concern.Dosereduction,anticholinergic drugs as well as in severe case stoppage of lithium therapy is also warranted to overcome it......

Keywords: LITHIUM SIALORRHOREA SERUM LEVEL TOXICITY

[1]. Adkins DE, ÅbergK, McClay JL, Bukszár J, Zhao Z, JiaP, Stroup TS, Perkins D, McEvoy JP, Lieberman JA, Sullivan PF.
Genomewidepharmacogenomic study of metabolic sideeffects to antipsychotic drugs. Molecular psychiatry. 2011;16(3):321-32.
[2]. Correll CU, Detraux J, De Lepeleire J, De Hert M. Effects of antipsychotics,antidepressants and mood stabilizers on risk for
physical diseases in people with schizophrenia, depressionand bipolar disorder. World psychiatry. 2015;14(2):119-36.
[3]. Hockstein NG, Samadi DS, GendronK, Handler SD. Sialorrhea--A ManagementChallenge. American family physician. 2004
;69(11):2628-34
[4]. DonaldsonSR. Sialorrhea as a sideeffect of lithium: a case report. The American journal of psychiatry. 1982;139(10):1350-1.
[5]. Khalil RB, Souaiby L, Ghossan R, Richa S. Hypersalivation as an adverse drug reaction related to lithium carbonate: a case report.
Journal of clinical psychopharmacology. 2016D;36(6):739-40

Abstract: Unilateral twin tubal pregnancy is rare with an incidence of 1:1,25,000 spontaneous pregnancies. Majority of cases occur following ovulation induction and assisted reproductive technology. Twin tubal ectopic pregnancies are rare forms of ectopic pregnancies, with an incidence of one in 200 ectopic pregnancies. We present a rare case of ruptured ectopic pregnancy which occurred due to unilateral twin tubal pregnancy. This was a spontaneous pregnancy with no risk factor for ectopic pregnancy. An emergency laparotomy with right sided salpingectomy was performed, with an uncomplicated post operative period. The diagnosis was arrived at via trans‑abdominal.....

Keywords:Ectopic pregnancy, spontaneous unilateral twin tubal ectopic pregnancy, laparotomy, salpingectomy.

[1]. Vohra S, Mahsood S, Shelton H, Zaedi K, Economides DL. Spontaneous live unilateral twin ectopic pregnancy – A case presentation. Ultrasound 2014;22:243‑6.
[2]. Lategan HE, Gillispie VC. Spontaneous unilateral tubal twin ectopic pregnancy. Ochsner J 2019;19:178‑80.
[3]. Panelli DM, Phillips CH, Brady PC. Incidence, diagnosis and management of tubal and nontubal ectopic pregnancies: A review.
Fertil Res Pract 2015;1:20.
[4]. Rizk B, Tan SL, Morcos S, Riddle A, Brinsden P, Mason BA, et al. Heterotopic pregnancies after in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1991; 164: 161-4.
[5]. Kim C, Lee T, Park S, Kim H, Park S. A rare case of spontaneous live unilateral twin tubal pregnancy with both fetuses presenting
with heart activities and a literature review. Obs Gynecol Sci 2018;61:274‑7.

Abstract: Introduction: Complex fractures of phalanxof the handare very difficult to treat conservatively. There are twotypes of fixation: internal according to AO standards, andexternal for a selected group with open unstable fracturesor severe soft-tissue injuries.External fixation is an effectivemethod of treatment mainly when internal fixation is not possible because of comminution and associated soft tissue injury.A variety of commercial fixators are available for thetreatment of hand fractures. However, these fixatorsare costly and need a sufficient degree of expertiseand familiarity for their use.Here We describe a very simple fixator which is stable,lightweight and can be easily constructed with materials readily available in most orthopaedics operation theatres.Materials and Methods: In this descriptive study of fifteenpatients, suffering from simple or complexphalangeal fractures, two K....

Keywords: external fixator , phalanx, syringe barrel,

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