iosr-JDMS   Volume-21 ~ Issue-11 ~ Nov. 2022

Abstract: The present research study was aimed at investigating the effects of stem bark extract of Persea americana on some reproductive functions of male Wistar rats. In this study, male Wistar rats were randomly distributed into three (3) groups of 5 rats each. The control group (Group 1) received distilled water. Group 2 was administered 200mg/kg of the extract and group 3 was administered 400mg/kg of the extract daily for a period of 21 days after acclimatization. Blood sample was collected and some tissues harvested at sacrifice. The statistical analysis was done using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) test was used to compare groups followed by post-hoc testing to determine whether there were significant differences between the........

Key words: Reproductive functionss, Persea americana, sperm parameters, Wistar rats

[1]. Abu AH, Amuta PO, Buba E and Inusa TR. (2013) Evaluation of antispermatogenic effect of Garcinia kola seed extract in albino rats. Asian pacific journal of reproduction. 2(1):15-18.
[2]. Adeyemi OO, Okpo SO, Ogunti OO.(2002) Analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of the aqueous extract of leaves of Persea americana Mill (Lauraceae). Fitoterapia; 73:375-380.
[3]. AJ Alhassan, MS Sule, MK Atiku, AM Wudil, H Abubakar, SA Mohammed (2012) Effects of aqueous avocado pear (Persea americana) seed extract on alloxan induced diabetes rats. Greener Journal of Medical Sciences 2 (1), 005-011
[4]. Ericksen, K and Brunette, T. (1996). Patterns and predictors of Infertility among African women: Across-national survey of twenty-seven nations. Social science and medicine 42(2):209-220
[5]. Griswold, M. D. (1998) The central role of Sertoli cells in spermatogenesis. Seminars in Cell and Developmental Biology 9, 411–416

Abstract: Despite the fact that statins are currently the preferred medical treatment for the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease as well as the treatment of hyperlipidemia, many recent research evidences suggested that statin therapy can have adverse effects on patients' glycemic control as well as increased risk of NOD. The results of these studies, though, are somewhat inconsistent. This study aims to look into how statin exposure affects FBG levels and HbA1c levels, Furthermore, we want to draw attention to the elements that influence statins' ability to cause diabetes. This retrospective cohort study was carried out at the Benghazi National Heart Center (NHC) from March 2021 to December 2021. 200 patients......

Key words: Statins, New-Onset Diabetes, Atorvastatin, Hyperlipidemia

[1]. Asamoah-Boaheng, M., Sarfo-Kantanka, O., Tuffour, A. B., Eghan, B., & Mbanya, J. C. (2019). Prevalence and risk factors for diabetes mellitus among adults in Ghana: a systematic review and meta-analysis. International health, 11(2), 83-92.
[2]. International Diabetes Federation. Economic impact of diabetes IDF Diabetes. Atlas, 4thedn. Brussels, Belgiu. (2009).
[3]. [Seuring T, Archangelidi O, Suhrcke M (2015). The economic costs of type 2 diabetes: a global systematic review. Pharmacoeconomics 33(8):811-831
[4]. Kadiki ,O. A & ,.Roaeid ,R. B. (2001). Prevalence of diabetes mellitus and impaired glucose tolerance in Benghazi Libya. Diabetes
&metabolism, 27(6), 647-654.
[5]. "National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey" (PDF). United States Center for Disease Control. Retrieved 28 January 2012.

Abstract: Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global health problem, which is characterised by slow deterioration in kidney function leading to numerous haematological and biochemical dysfunction. Aim of the present study was to find out the common haematological dysfunctions that may occur in the patients of chronic renal failure (CRF). Methodology:This hospital based descriptive study was done over a period of 4 months (March 2021to June 2021) at Saveetha medical college and hospital on 90 CKD patients.The demographic data and clinical status of patients were accessed from hospital records and the haematological parameters were retrieved from the haematology laboratory......

Keywords: Chronic kidney disease(CKD),haematological parameters, anaemia

[1]. Ruiz-Ortega M, Rayego-Mateos S, Lamas S, Ortiz A, Rodrigues-Diez RR. Targeting the progression of chronic kidney disease. Nature Reviews Nephrology. 2020 May;16(5):269-88.
[2]. National Kidney Foundation. K/DOQI Clinical Practice Guidelines for Anemia of Chronic Kidney Disease. Am J Kidney Dis 2006;47(Suppl 3):S33-S53.
[3]. Colvin RB, Chang A. Diagnostic Pathology: Kidney Diseases E-Book. Elsevier Health Sciences; 2019 May 24.
[4]. Albayati AM, Mazher EA, Ahmed MA. Study Some HaematologicalAnd Biochemical Parameters in Patients with Renal Failure in Diyala Province. Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology. 2021 Jan 1;15(1).
[5]. Radtke HW, Claussner A, Erbes PM et al. Serum erythropoietin concentration in chronic renal failure: Relationship to degree of anemia and excretory function. Blood 1979;54(4):877-84

Abstract: Background:Pre-medication is commonly used to reduce preoperative anxiety and to facilitate smooth transition into induction of anaesthesia. The following study was carried out to assess the effect of three different drugs: midazolam, dexmedetomidine and ketamine on the recovery profile after balanced anaesthesia. Materials and Methods: The study was a randomized, double-blinded clinical trial conducted on 99 patients of either sex in age group of 18 to 60 years with ASA I and II who underwent major surgeries of moderate duration (< 3 hours). There were 3 groups, Group M: received Midazolam 0.04 mg/kg iv 10 mins before induction of anaesthesia after dilution in 10 ml NS. Group D: received Dexmedetomidine 0.5 μg/kg diluted in 10 ml NS over 10 mins......

Key Word: Recovery profile, balanced anaesthesia, midazolam, dexmedetomidine, ketamine

[1]. Reves JD, Fragen RJ, Vinik HR, Greenblatt DJ. Midazolam: pharmacology and uses. The Journal of the American Society of Anesthesiologists. 1985 Mar 1;62(3):310-24.
[2]. Stewart SH, Buffett-Jerrott SE, Finley GA, Wright KD, Gomez TV. Effects of midazolam on explicit vs implicit memory in a pediatric surgery setting. Psychopharmacology. 2006 Nov;188(4):489-97.
[3]. Li HL, She SZ, Yan Y, Zhu SM. Effect of dexmedetomidine on bispectral index and auditory evoked potential index during anesthesia with target-controlled infusion of propofol and remifentanyl. Zhejiang da xuexue bao. Yi xue ban= Journal of Zhejiang University. Medical Sciences. 2010 Jan 1;39(1):84-8.
[4]. Lee U, Ku S, Noh G, Baek S, Choi B, Mashour GA. Disruption of frontal–parietal communication by ketamine, propofol, and sevoflurane. Anesthesiology. 2013 Jun;118(6):1264-75.
[5]. Bonhomme V, Vanhaudenhuyse A, Demertzi A, Bruno MA, Jaquet O, Bahri MA, et al. Resting-state network-specific breakdown of functional connectivity during ketamine alteration of consciousness in volunteers. Anesthesiology. 2016 Nov;125(5):873-88.

Abstract: India became a part of "greying nation‟ i.e. nation with more than 7% of population above 60 years in 2001.(1) Ageing is a natural process without an absolute beginning point at any given stage of life.(2) However for practical purposes, most nations consider the age of retirement as the cut-off to declare an individual as a senior citizen. Most often the presentation of diseases in elderly are atypical as the "weaker‟ organs are vulnerable and differ from the newly affected organ, thus altering the clinical presentation of the common disease. Musculoskeletal system and lower urinary tract are most commonly the "weaker‟ organs in addition to the brain. Therefore, it‟s not uncommon to see an elderly suffering from pneumonia presenting with confusion and urinary incontinence rather........

[1]. Elderly in India 20211627985144626.pdf.
[2]. History of the development of geriatric medicine in the UK | Postgraduate Medical Journal [Internet]. [cited 2022 Nov 3]. Available from: https://pmj.bmj.com/content/79/930/229
[3]. Sharma OP. Geriatric care: A textbook of geriatrics and gerontology. New Delhi Sanat Print. 2008;
[4]. AWarbhe P, Warbhe R. Morbidity profile, health seeking behaviour and home environment survey for adaptive measures in geriatric population-Urban community study. Int J Med Res Health Sci. 2015 Oct 1;4:778.
[5]. Shraddha K, Prashantha B, Prakash B. Study on morbidity pattern among elderly in urban population of Mysore, Karnataka, India. Int J Med Biomed Res. 2012;1(3):215–23.

Abstract: Jaundice is the yellowish discoloration of skin and sclera due to elevated serum concentration of bilirubin. Most adults are jaundiced when total serum bilirubin level exceeds 2 mg/dl. Neonates however not appear jaundiced until the total serum bilirubin concentration exceeds 5 to 7 mg/dl.1 Neonatal jaundice occurs in nearly 60% of term and 80% of preterm infants during the first week of life.2 Although jaundice is present in most newborns and is usually physiological, it is imperative to carefully monitor newborns to identify those at risk of developing bilirubin induced neurologic dysfunction. Acute bilirubin encephalopathy is caused by the toxic effects of unconjugated bilirubin on the CNS. Symptoms include poor feeding, lethargy and high pitched cry in....

[1]. Madan A, MacMohan JR, Stevenson DK. Neonatal Hyperbilirubinemia. In Tacush, Ballard RA, Gleanson CA.eds. Avery's Disease of the Newborn, 8th edition. Philadelphia, WB Saunders, 1226‐1256.
[2]. Piazza AJ, Stoll BJ. Jaundice and Hyperbilirubinemia in the newborn. In Kleigman RM, Behrman RE, Jenson HB, Stanton BF, eds. Nelson Text Book of Pediatrics, 18th edition. Philadelphia, WB Saunders, 756‐761.
[3]. Bhutani VK, Johnson LH, Keren R. Treating acute bilirubin encephalopathy‐ before it's too late. Contemp Pediatr. 2005; 22(5): 57‐74.
[4]. American Academy of Pediatrics, Subcommittee on Hyperbilirubinemia. Management of Hyperbilirubinemia in the newborn infant 35 or more weeks of gestation. Pediatrics 2004; 114: 297‐316.
[5]. Ip S, Chung M, Kulig J, et al. An evidenced based review of Important issues concerning neonatal hyperbilirubinemia. Pediatrics 2004; 114: 130‐153

Abstract: Background: There is not much published literature on neonatal septicemia available for the North India Hence, we undertook this study to find out the bacteriological profile and antibiotic sensitivity pattern of neonatal septicemia in the neonatal Intensive Care Unit.
Material and Methods: Blood cultures were performed for all clinically suspected neonatal septicemia cases for 1‑year. Identification of all pathogenic isolates was followed by antibiotic sensitivity testing. Results: We did blood cultures for 450 neonates and 42% were culture positive. Early onset sepsis were 92 (49%) and 96 (51%) were late onset sepsis. Gram‑positive isolates were 60% and 40% were Gram‑negative. Staphylococcus aureus (40%), coagulase negative Staphylococcus.....

Key words– Blood culture, drug resistance, extended spectrum beta‑lactamases, methicillin‑resistant Staphylococcu aureus, neonates

[1]. Arora U, Devi P: Bacterial profile of blood stream infections and antibiotic resistance pattern of isolates. J K Science2007;9(4):186–90.
[2]. Dellinger RP, Levy MMet al.: Surviving Sepsis Campaign: international guidelines for management of severe sepsis and septic shock: 2008. Intensive Care Med. 2008;34(1):17–60.
[3]. Hall MJ, Williams SN et al.: Inpatient care for septicemia or sepsis: a challenge for patients and hospitals. NCHS Data Brief. 2011(62):1-8.
[4]. Forbes B, Sahm D&Weissfeld A. Bailey and scott's diagnostic microbiology: A textbook for isolation and identification of pathogenic microorganisms. In: St. Louis, editor. The mosby company. C. V. Mosby; 2007. p. 378.
[5]. Arias E, Anderson RN & Kung HC et al.: Deaths: final data for 2001. Natl Vital Stat Rep. 2003;52(3):1–115