iosr-JDMS   Volume-21 ~ Issue-11 ~ Nov. 2022

Abstract: The deviated nasal septum is one of the most common causes of unilateral nasal obstruction. Trauma during birth including forceps delivery passing through narrow pelvic canal etc can cause early deviation, both septal deformity and deviation has different meanings it is attributed to many other symptoms as recurrent bleeding from nose, anosmia, frequent crusting, headache, sinusitis, post nasal bleeding, snoring, external nasal deformity etc. Septoplasty is the preferred surgery to correct deviated septum. Background: The deviated nasal septum is one of the most common causes of unilateral nasal obstruction. Trauma during birth including forceps delivery, passing through narrow pelvic canal etc can cause early deviation in the nasal septum or deviation which becomes evident during the pubertal growth spurt. Nasal septal deformities (NSD) are one of the most.......

Key words: Deviated Nasal Septum, Septoplasty, Nasal Endoscopy, NOSE, Nasal Polyposis

[1]. Olphen VFA. The septum. Gleeson M, Browning CG, Burton MJ, Clarke R et al., Scott Brown"s Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neuro Surgery, 7th ed: Volume 2. Great Britain: Hodder Arnold; 2008:1569-1582.
[2]. Cottle MH, Loring RM, Fischer GG, Gaynon IE. The maxilla-premaxilla approach to extensive nasal septum surgery. AMA Arch Otolaryngol 1958;68:301-13.
[3]. Mladina R et al, Nasal septal deformities in ear, nose and throat patients: An International Study. Am J ORL, 2008; 29:75-82.
[4]. Mladina R. The role of maxillary morphology in the development of pathological septal deformities. Rhinology, 1987; 25(3): 199-205.
[5]. Kridel R, Angela, Sturm-O"Brien. Nasal septum. Cummings Otolaryngology, Head and Neck surgery. 6thed: volume 1. Philadelphia: Elsevier; 2015. section2: 474-492.

Abstract: Background:The leading causes of visual impairment worldwide is Ocular traumaand an important public health problem.Ocular trauma includes mechanical injuries (open globe and closed globeinjury) and non-mechanical injuries. Each of these categories can lead to traumaticcataract causing visual impairment.Traumatic cataract grossly differs from other forms of senile or acquired cataract and hence the present study aims to evaluate the post operative visual outcome in cases of traumatic cataract. Materials and Methods: This was a hospital based prospective interventional study among 25 patients diagnosed with traumatic cataract......

Key words: Traumatic cataract, ocular trauma, visual outcome

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[3]. Vivek Som, Nikhila Yadav, Kavita Kumar. Traumatic cataract- factors affecting visual outcome. Trop j ophthalmol otolaryngol [Internet]. 2019 Jul 31 [cited 2022 Nov 2];4(3). Available from: https://opthalmology.medresearch.in/index.php/jooo/article/view/67
[4]. Eckstein M, Vijayalakshmi P, Killedar M, Gilbert C, Foster A. Use of intraocular lenses in children with traumatic cataract in south India. Br J Ophthalmol. 1998 Aug;82(8):911–5.
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Abstract: Background:Acute and subacute febrile illness is a common clinical syndrome among patientsseeking hospital care in India, in whichduration of fever lasts up to 14 days.Developing nations share the highest burdenof diseases like dengue and typhoid fever.Symptoms of these diseases may mimic otherdiseases like chikungunya, malaria, makingaccurate clinical diagnosis and treatmentdifficult without laboratory confirmation. Materials and Methods: 401 Blood specimens from patientsattending the tertiary care centre withcomplaints of fever were tested withDengue NS1 Ag and IgM ELISA kit andwith commercially available widal test kitwith O and H antigens of salmonella typhiand H antigens of salmonella paratyphi Aand.....

Keywords: Dengue & Typhoid fever, Widal test, NS1 Ag, IgM, ELISA

[1]. Yukti Sharma1 , vandana arya2 , Sanjay Jain3 , Manoj Kumar4 , Lopamudra Deka5 , Anjali Mathur6Dengue and Typhoid Co-infection– Study from a Government Hospital in North DelhiJournal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research. 2014 Dec, Vol-8(12): DC09-DC11
[2]. Vigna Seshan R.V., Gopalsamy S., Padma SrikanthDengue and typhoid co-infection: A case report from a tertiary care hospital in South IndiaInternational Journal of Case Reports and Images, Vol. 7 No. 9, September 2016. ISSN – [0976-3198]
[3]. Sapna Chauhan1*, Sachin Sharma , Surender , Paramjit Singh. Concurrent dengue and typhoid infection: study from a tertiary care centre in Muzaffarnagar, India. International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences Chauhan S et al. Int J Res Med Sci. 2019 May, issue 5, pg 1615 -1
[4]. Dr.Monika Agarwal ,Dr.Ashish Bajaj et all. Dengue-Typhoid co-infection: A study of co existence of viral and bacterial infections in endemic areas. Safdarjung hospital, New Delhi-29 . International Journal of Current Research Vol. 8, Issue, 05, pp.31522-31525, May, 2016
[5]. Arun Kumar Mahato,1 Nischal Shrestha,1 Sakar Babu Gharti,1 Madhu Shah2Typhoid Fever among Patients Diagnosed with Dengue in a Tertiary Care Centre: A Descriptive Cross-sectional StudyJNMA I VOL 60 I ISSUE 252 I August 2022

Abstract: Cervical myelopathy is a form of neurological condition under which the spinal cord is compressed in the cervical spine.A 50 year old person complaint of bilateral weakness in both upper limb and lower limb after a post operative cervical micro discectomy with anterior fusion .neurological rehabilitation program was started with support of neurologist, physiotherapy, occupational therapy and psychology.Physiotherapists desire to enhance the muscle strength,reduce spasticity,to reduce pain,improve range of motion , provide whole body and mind relaxation and in other hand occupational therapist aimed atimproving the functional outcome in fingers of hand's and the foot toes.while the psychology helpful in assessing the psychological impact of the patient illness and neurologist helpful in providing a medication for reducing the spasticity and pain.The patient was scheduled accordingly and started for.....

Key Word: Cervicaldiscectomy ,Rehabilitation program,Physiotherapy

[1]. Ferriter PJ, Mandel ST, Degregoris GE, Kamara E, AYDIN SM. Cervical myelopathy. Practical Neurology. 2014 Apr:43-6.
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[3]. Kadaňka Z, Bednařík J, Voháňka S, Vlach O, Stejskal L, Chaloupka R, Filipovičová D, Šurelová D, Adamová B, Novotný O, Němec M. Conservative treatment versus surgery in spondylotic cervical myelopathy: a prospective randomised study. European Spine Journal. 2000 Dec;9(6):538-44.
[4]. Kadaňka Z, Bednařík J, Novotný O, Urbánek I, Dušek L. Cervical spondylotic myelopathy: conservative versus surgical treatment after 10 years. European Spine Journal. 2011 Sep;20(9):1533-8.
[5]. Baptiste DC, Fehlings MG. Pathophysiology of cervical myelopathy. The Spine Journal. 2006 Nov 1;6(6):S190-7..

Abstract: An Inguinal hernia occurs when soft tissue - usually part of the intestine - protrudes through a weak point or tear in the lower abdominal wall. The resulting bulge can be painful – especially when coughing, bending over or lifting a heavy object. Not necessarily dangerous by itself, an inguinal hernia does not get better or go away on its own. An inguinal hernia can lead to life threatening complications. For this reason, it is likely to recommend surgical repair of an inguinal hernia. " Inguinal hernia repair is a common surgical procedure" it is repaired conventionally using open surgery with a suture or a mesh prosthesis and the defect will be closed. mesh prosthesis is a synthetic material that reinforces the tissue or bridges the defect........

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[5]. Nyhus L M, The pre-peritoneal approach and iliopubic tract repair of inguinal hernia. In: Nyhus LM, Condon RE, Eds. Hernia, 3rd ed . Philadelphia: JB Lippincott, 1989:154-188

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Breast lumps are common in women of all ages. FNAC is a simple, relatively painless, inexpensive OPD procedure with speedy results to differentiate benign from malignant lesions. The Yokohama System for Reporting Breast Cytopathology, consists of a five-category classification: category 1- insufficient material; category 2- benign; category 3- atypical, probably benign; category 4- suspicious for malignancy; and category 5- malignant.This categorisation by Yokohama system of reporting helps pathologist in the diagnostic clarity and guides clinician in the appropriate patient management, hence the need for this study. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: 1.To categorise the Breast FNAC samples according to Yokohama system of reporting in our hospital. 2.To assess sensitivity, specificity, PPV........

KEY WORDS: IAC Yokohama Grading System For Reporting Breast Cytopathology, Histopathological Correlation, Diagnostic accuracy

[1]. Embaye, K.S., Raja, S.M., Gebreyesus, M.H. et al. Distribution of breast lesions diagnosed by cytology examination in symptomatic patients at Eritrean National Health Laboratory, Asmara, Eritrea: a retrospective study. BMC Women's Health.2020;20(250).
[2]. Ahuja S, Malviya A. Categorization of Breast Fine Needle Aspirates Using the International Academy of Cytology Yokohama System Along with Assessment of Risk of Malignancy and Diagnostic Accuracy in a Tertiary Care Centre. J Cytol. 2021;38(3):158-163.
[3]. Nigam JS, Kumar T, Bharti S, Surabhi, Sinha R, Bhadani PP. The International Academy of Cytology standardized reporting of breast fine-needle aspiration biopsy cytology: A 2 year's retrospective study with application of categories and their assessment for risk of malignancy. CytoJournal2021;18:27.
[4]. Field, AS, Raymond, WA, Schmitt, F. The International Academy of Cytology Yokohama System for Reporting Breast Fine-Needle Aspiration Biopsy Cytopathology: Recent research findings and the future. Cancer Cytopathol. 2021.
[5]. Montezuma D, Malheiros D, Schmitt FC. Breast fine needle aspiration biopsy cytology using the newly proposed IAC Yokohama system for reporting breast cytopathology: Theexperience of a single institution. Acta Cytol 2019;63:274-9.

Abstract: .....

[1]. Mehran R, Nikolsky E. Contrast-induced nephropathy: definition, epidemiology, and patients at risk. Kidney Int Suppl 2006;100:S11-5.
[2]. Meinel FG, De Cecco CN, Schoepf UJ, Katzberg R. Contrast-induced acute kidney injury: definition, epidemiology, and outcome. Biomed Res Int 2014;2014:859328.
[3]. Rear R, Bell RM1, Hausenloy DJ. Contrast-induced nephropathy following angiography and cardiac interventions. Heart 2016;102:638-48.
[4]. Moos SI, van Vemde DN, Stoker J, Bipat S. Contrast induced nephropathy in patients undergoing intravenous (IV) contrast enhanced computed tomography (CECT) and the relationship with risk factors: a meta-analysis. Eur J Radiol 2013;82:e387-99.
[5]. Bhatt S, Rajpal N, Rathi V, Avasthi R. Contrast induced nephropathy with intravenous iodinated contrast media in routine diagnostic imaging: An initial experience in a tertiary care hospital. Radiology Res Prac 2016; 2016:8792984.

Abstract: Congenital unilateral agenesis of the internal carotid artery (ICA) is a rare anomaly.Due to the proper sufficient collateral circulation via the circle of Willis most cases are asymptomatic, but patients can also present with ischemic or hemorrhagic cerebrovascular insults. The absence of the bony carotid canal is essential to differentiate this anomaly from chronic ICA occlusion. Awareness of this situation by clinicians and radiologists is essential because these patients have an increased incidence of various intracranial pathologies. The current case he is 26 years old. When he was 14 years old he suffer from asthma and sudden he had complete coma so he refered to to.......

[1]. 1-https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6290750/#__ffn_sectitle
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Abstract: INTRODUCTION: Diabetes mellitus is one of the world's fastest-growing chronic diseases. According to WHO, it is estimated that 123.5 million are likely to have diabetes by the year 2040 in India (1). It is a heterogeneous group of metabolic diseases characterized by hyperglycemia due to insulin resistance or insulin secretion defects(2). Ophthalmic complications of diabetes include corneal abnormalities, pupillary abnormalities, iris neovascularization, glaucoma, cataracts, and retinopathy. Diabetic retinopathy, a vision-threatening disorder, remains the commonest complication(4). The prevalence of DR is expected to increase along with the increasing rate of diabetes.The risk factors for diabetic retinopathy are modifiable ( blood glucose, blood pressure, serum lipids, obesity, anaemia, alcohol, and smoking), non-modifiable (duration, age, sex), and other independent factors like the.......

KEYWORDS: Diabetic retinopathy, Duration of Diabetes, HbA1C, Blood pressure.

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[4]. RaniPK,RamanR,ChandrakantanAetal.Riskfactorsfordiabeticretinopathy in self-reported rural population with diabetes. J Postgrad Med.2009;55:92-96.
[5]. Muhammad KhizarNiazi, Arshad Akram, Muhammad Afzal Naz, SalahuddinAwan ; Duration of Diabetes as a Significant Factor for Retinopathy; Pak JOphthalmol2010, Vol.26No. 4.

Abstract: Background: The COVID-19 pandemic caused by the highly infectious SARS-CoV-2 has affected over 15.9 million people across 200 countries and caused more than 643,000 deaths. Severe acute respiratorysyndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), causing COVID-19 disease, primarily affects the lungs. The clinical manifestations range from asymptomatic carriage to atypical pneumonia and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Objectives: To compare the pulmonary function test in COVID-19 survivors with and without CT chest changes. To study the residual effect of Covid-19 infection on pulmonary function of patients. Materials and methods:This.......

Key words: COVID-19, Pulmonary function test, CT Chest, 6 Minute walk test

[1]. Grasselli G, Zangrillo A, Zanella A, et al.: Baseline characteristics and outcomes of 1591 patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 admitted to ICUs of the Lombardy Region, Italy. JAMA. 2020, 323:1574-81.
[2]. Van Doremalen N, Bushmaker T, Morris DH, Holbrook MG, Gamble A, Williamson BN, et al. Aerosol and surface stability of SARS CoV 2 as compared with SARS CoV 1. N Engl J Med 2020;382:1564 7.
[3]. Vitacca M, Clini E, Rubini F, Nava S, Foglio K, Ambrosino N: Non-invasive mechanical ventilation in severe chronic obstructive lung disease and acute respiratory failure: short- and long-term prognosis. Intensive Care Med. 1996, 22:94-100. 10.1007/BF01720714
[4]. Storgaard LH, Hockey HU, Laursen BS, Weinreich UM: Long-term effects of oxygen-enriched high-flow nasal cannula treatment in COPD patients with chronic hypoxemic respiratory failure. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis. 2018, 13:1195-205. 10.2147/COPD.S159666
[5]. Antonelli M, Conti G, Proietti R: Non-invasive ventilation in acute hypoxemic respiratory failure . Yearbook of Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine 2001. Vincent JL (ed): Springer, Berlin; 10.1007/978-3-642- 59467-0_44. 2001:522-9. 10.1007/978-3-642-59467-0_44.

Abstract: According to the American Association of Orthodontists, the length of comprehensive orthodontic treatment "can range from one to three years." Nowadays, there is an increased tendency for researches to focus on accelerating methods for tooth movement due to the huge demand for adults for a shorter orthodontic treatment time. This increases the demand to find the best method to increase tooth movement with the least possible disadvantages. The aim of this research is to evaluate the effects of rapid canine distalization on dentoalveolar tissues and effects on anchor units during rapid canine retraction with semirigid, individual tooth-borne distractors. A new concept......

Keywords: Periodontal ligament distraction, Rapid canine retraction, Distractor device, Hyrax

[1]. Buschang PH, Campbell PM, Ruso S. Accelerating Tooth Movement With Corticotomies: Is It Possible and Desirable? Seminars in Orthodontics 2012;18:286-294.
[2]. Liou EJW, Figueroa AA, Polley JW. The orthodontic tooth movement into distraction osteogenesis. American Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Association 55th Annual Meeting, Baltimore, Maryland, April 20-25, 1998.
[3]. Harshal N,Suryavanshi et al, Comparison of rate of maxillary canine movementwith or without modified corticotomy facilitatedorthodontic treatment: A prospective clinical trialJuly 2015 | Vol 5 | Issue 4
[4]. Aboul-Ela et al, Miniscrew implant-supported maxillary canine retraction with and without corticotomy-facilitated orthodonticsAm J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop2011;139:252-9)
[5]. Chung KR, Oh MY, KoSJ. Corticotomy-assisted orthodontics.J Clin Orthod 2001;35:331-8.
[6]. Rapid Canine Distalization through Segmental Alveolar Distraction OsteogenesisYusuf Sukurica; Ali Karaman; Hakan Gurcan Gurel; Dogan Dolanmaz Angle Orthodontist, Vol 77, No 2, 2007

Abstract: Background: Pre-eclampsia affects 2-5% of pregnancies and is the major cause of maternalmorbidity and mortality. Doppler is a non-invasive method for evaluation of feto-placentalcirculation. Persistent uterine artery notching , high resistance index and pulsatility index inuterine artery doppler waveform has emerged as the best screening test. Thus, we haveconducted this study to find out usefulnes of doppler indices in early pregnancy forpredicting preeclampsia. Methodology:After assessment of inclusion and exclusion criteria, 200 antenatal women of 12 to16 weeks of singleton pregnancy were selected for the study in the department ofObstetrics and Gynaecology. Women booking for antenatal care were examined......

Key words:Uterine artery Doppler, Uterine artery notching, Resistance index, Pulsatility index, prediction of preeclampsia, maternal morbidity and mortality.

[1]. Duley L. The global impact of pre-eclampsia and eclampsia.SeminPerinatol. 2009;33:130–137.
[2]. Martin AM, Bindra R, Curcio P, Cicero S, Nicolaides KH. Screening for pre-eclampsia and fetal growth restriction by uterine artery Doppler at 11-14 weeks of gestation. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2001 Dec;18(6):583-6. doi: 10.1046/j.0960-7692.2001.00594.x. PMID: 11844193.
[3]. Plasencia W, Maiz N, Bonino S, Kaihura C, Nicolaides KH. Uterine artery Doppler at 11 + 0 to 13 + 6 weeks in the prediction of pre-eclampsia. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2007 Oct;30(5):742-9. doi: 10.1002/uog.5157. PMID: 17899573.
[4]. Gómez O, Martínez JM, Figueras F, Del Río M, Borobio V, Puerto B, Coll O, Cararach V, Vanrell JA. Uterine artery Doppler at 11-14 weeks of gestation to screen for hypertensive disorders and associated complications in an unselected population. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2005 Oct;26(5):490-4. doi: 10.1002/uog.1976. PMID: 16184511
[5]. Gupta Shashi, Gupta Pradeep Kumar, BodaniPreeti, KhamseraAnshu.transvaginaldoppler of uteroplacental circulation in early prediction of preeclampsia by observing bilateral uterine artery notch and resistance index at 12-16 weeks of gestation. J obsetgynecol India 2009;59(6):541-546