iosr-JDMS   Volume-22 ~ Issue-8 ~ Aug. 2023

Abstract: Background: Although hearing loss or impairment can occur at any age, the most severe one appears before or immediately after the birth of a child. The consequences of these occurrences can lead to speech and even intellectual development function disorders. For these reasons, tests like otoacoustic emission (OAE) and/or automated auditory brainstem response (AABR) are very necessary for newborns. Aim of the study: This study aimed to find out the percentage of hearing loss between normal infants and high-risk infants and also compare the hearing screening test results of normal and high-risk infants. Methods: This quantitative observational cohort study was conducted at Combined Military Hospital (CMH), Dhaka and Combined Military Hospital (CMH), Chattogram in Bangladesh from January 2017 to December 2022. A total 300 neonates.....

Key Word: Newborn, Hearing screening, Hearing loss, Otoacoustic emission, OAE, AABR

[1]. Janssen, Thomas. "A Review Of The Effectiveness Of Otoacoustic Emissions For Evaluating Hearing Status After Newborn Screening." Otology & Neurotology 34.6 (2013): 1058-1063.
[2]. Using Otoacoustic Emissions To Screen Young Children For Hearing Loss In Primary Care Settings. Pediatrics. 2013;132(1). Doi:10.1542/Peds.2012-3868d.
[3]. De Leenheer EMR, Janssens S, Padalko E, Loose D, Leroy BP, Dhooge IJ. Etiological Diagnosis In The Hearing-Impaired Newborn: Proposal Of A Flow Chart. International Journal Of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology.
Https://Www.Ncbi.Nlm.Nih.Gov/Pubmed/21047691. Join, A. S. H. A. "Cochlear Implants." Published January 2011. Accessed July 6, 2020.
[4]. Hille, Elysée TM, Et Al. "Prevalence And Independent Risk Factors For Hearing Loss In NICU Infants." Acta Paediatrica 96.8 (2007): 1155-1158.
[5]. Norton SJ, Gorga MP, Widen JE, Et Al. Identification Of Neonatal Hearing Impairment: Evaluation Of Transient Evoked Otoacoustic Emission, Distortion Product Otoacoustic Emission, And Auditory Brain Stem Response Test Performance. Ear And Hearing. 2000;21(5):508-528. Doi:10.1097/00003446-200010000-00013.

Abstract: Introduction: The primary purpose of active management of the third stage of labor is to reduce the risk of PPH. Prevention of postpartum hemorrhage is essential in the pursuit of improved health care for women. The need for additional uterotonics reflects the degree of postpartum vaginal bleeding accounted for by uterine atony. This study aimed to analyze the necessity of additional uterotonics and blood transfusion within 24 hours of delivery after carbetocin.

Key Word: Uterotonic, PPH, Carbetocin

[1]. World Health Organization (2009) WHO Guidelines For The Management Of Postpartum Hemorrhage And Retained Placenta
[2]. Prendiville WJ, Elbourne D, Mcdonald S (2000) Active Versus Expectant Management In The Third Stage Of Labor
[3]. Tharakan T, Jha J (2008) Randomized Double-Blind Prospective Trial Of Active Management Of The Third Stage Of Labor. Arch Med Sci 4(1):79–82
[4]. Al-Sabir A, Alam ME, Salim F, Huda N, Ahmed NKJM, Faisal AJ. Assessment On The Availability And Routine Use Of Active Management Of The Third Stage Of Labor. E&R Study. Dhaka: Engender Health Bangladesh Country Office; 2008.
[5]. Moertl MG, Friedrich S, Kraschl J, Wadsack C, Lang U, Schlembach DJ. Hemodynamic Effects Of Carbetocin And Oxytocin Given As Intravenous Bolus On Women Undergoing Cesarean Delivery: A Randomized Trial. BJOG: An International Journal Of Obstetrics & Gynaecology. 2011 Oct;118(11):1349-56

Abstract: Introduction: Tubercular Cervical Lymphadenopathy (TCL) is a complex condition requiring a multifaceted approach to diagnosis and treatment. While anti-tubercular therapy remains the primary treatment modality, surgical interventions such as selective neck dissection have been explored in specific cases. This study aimed to evaluate the outcomes of selective neck dissection in TCL, focusing on primary, relapse, and failure cases. Methods: This retrospective observational study was conducted over four years at Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Bangladesh, including 26 cases who underwent selective neck dissection for TCL. The study categorized patients into primary, relapse......

Keywords: Tubercular Cervical Lymphadenopathy, Surgery, Anti-TB therapy, Lymph Node

[1] Global Tuberculosis Report 2015. Geneva: World Health Organization, 2015
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[3] Qian XU, Albers AE, Nguyen DT, Dong Y, Zhang Y, Schreiber F, Sinikovic B, Bi X, Graviss EA. Head And Neck Tuberculosis: Literature Review And Meta-Analysis. Tuberculosis. 2019 May 1;116:S78-88.
[4] Treatment Of Tuberculosis: Guidelines For National Programs. 4th Ed. Geneva: World Health Organization, 2009.
[5] Hayashi Y, Paterson DL. Strategies For Reduction In Duration Of Antibiotic Use In Hospitalized Patients. Clin Infect Dis 2011;52:1232-1240

Abstract: Oral poor hygiene is common in general surgery patients, causing overall health problems. The impact of poor oral hygiene on surgical results is unknown. The oral care of patients in general surgery acute care units and wards is vital. Postoperative oral cavity hygiene reduces ventilator-associated pneumonia1. Poor oral hygiene causes dysphagia and restricted mouth opening, limiting post-operative surgical patient's intake. Simple procedures like inpatients brushing their teeth or using mouthwash liquid with chlorhexidine assist reduce bacterial load in the oral cavity, promote excellent hygiene, and avoid gingivitis and other periodontal diseases. Failure to take basic precautions might have serious consequences for surgery patients. It is, therefore, an essential aspect of ICU patient......

[1]. Lucas V, Roberts G. Mouth Care And Skin Care In Palliative
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[4]. Akutsu Y, Matsubara H, Okazumi S, Shimada H, Shuto K, Shiratori T Et Al. Impact Of Preoperative Dental Plaque Culture For Predicting Postoperative Pneumonia In Esophageal Cancer Patients. Dig Surg 2008; 25: 93–97.
[5]. Paju S, Scannapieco FA. Oral Biofilms, Periodontitis, And Pulmonary Infections. Oral Dis 2007; 13: 508–512.
[6]. Drinka PJ, El-Solh AA. The Tongue, Oral Hygiene, And Prevention Of Pneumonia In The Institutionalized Elderly. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2010; 11: 465–467..

Abstract: Background: Cataract is the leading cause of preventable blindness in the world. the most important component of Vision 2020 is to eliminate cataract-related blindness As a signatory of the Vision 2020 program the government of Bangladesh has taken many effective steps to increase the cataract surgery rate CSR through the national eye care operation plan but still, some obstacles desisted the rural people to undergo surgery for cataract Aim of the study: The study aimed to comprehensively investigate and identify the obstacles and challenges encountered in addressing the high cataract surgery rate in the rural areas of Barisal Division. Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted at the District Sadar Hospital, Jhalkathi from January 2016 to December 2016.....

Keywords: Cataract, Blindness, Surgery, Rural-Areas

[1]. Rao GN, Khanna R, Payal A. The Global Burden Of Cataract. Curr Opin Ophthalmol. 2011 Jan;22(1):4–9.
[2]. Blindness And Vision Impairment [Internet]. [Cited 2023 Aug 24]. Available From:
Https://Www.Who.Int/News-Room/Fact-Sheets/Detail/Blindness-And-Visual-Impairment
[3]. Lee CM, Afshari NA. The Global State Of Cataract Blindness. Curr Opin Ophthalmol. 2017;28(1):98–103.
[4]. Abdulhussein D, Abdul Hussein M. WHO Vision 2020: Have We Done It? Ophthalmic Epidemiol. 2023;30(4):331–9.
[5]. Batlle JF, Lansingh VC, Silva JC, Eckert KA, Resnikoff S. The Cataract Situation In Latin America: Barriers To Cataract Surgery. Am J Ophthalmol. 2014;158(2):242–50.
[6]. Dineen BP, Bourne RRA, Ali SM, Huq DMN, Johnson GJ. Prevalence And Causes Of Blindness And Visual Impairment In Bangladeshi Adults: Results Of The National Blindness And Low Vision Survey Of Bangladesh. Br J Ophthalmol. 2003 Jul 1;87(7):820–8.

Abstract: The most common carcinoma affecting the oral mucosa is oral squamous cell carcinoma, with prevalence seen in the age groups above 50 years in males and with rare occurrence below 30 years.Mandibular alveolus is the second most common site for oral cancers. In early stages, it shares a clinical similarity with various forms of inflammatory gingival lesions and is very commonly misdiagnosed in our routine dental practice. The dentist should have precise knowledge regarding the clinical manifestation of this deadly disease as early diagnosis and prompt treatment can reduce morbidity & mortality of the disease.

Keywords: Oral squamous cell carcinoma, mandibular alveolus, neoplasm.

[1]. Ferlay J., Shin H. R., Bray F., Forman D., Mathers C., Parkin D. M. GLOBOCAN 2008 V2.0, Cancer Incidence And Mortality Worldwide: IARC Cancer Base No. 10. Lyon, France: International Agency For Research On Cancer; 2010.
[2]. Nishant R. Et Al,Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Variants - A Clinico-Pathologic Relevance, IOSR Journal Of Dental And Medical Sciences,2018; 17(5): 25-30
[3]. Choudhury K B, Priyadarsini S, Mohanty S, Niyogi S, Das P. 2020. Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Clinical Case Report. Indian Journal Of Forensic Medicine &Toxicology, 14(4), 8348–8351.
[4]. Tantray S, Chauhan K , Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma In 38 Year Old Male: A Case Report. J Oral Med Oral Surg Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2020;6(2):92-97
[5]. Koduganti RR, Sehrawat S, Reddy PV. Gingival Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Diagnostic Impediment. J Indian Soc Periodontol. 2012 Jan;16(1):104-7.

Abstract: Ganglioneuromas are benign tumors which originate from the neural crest. This tumor affects mainly young patients. We report the case of a big retroperitoneal ganglioneuroma found incidentally. The patient was a young female that had minor abdominal pain for two years. The diagnoses of a large retroperitoneal mass was firstly evoked by abdomial ultrasonograghy and CT. The endoscopic ultrasonography with guided fine needle biopsy allowed the diagnosis of ganglioneuroma. Despite the slow evolution.....

Keywords: Ganglioneuroma, Abdominal tumor, Endoscopic ultrasound, endoscopic procedures, guided fine needle aspiration

[1]. Spinelli C, Rossi L, Barbetta A, Ugolini C, & Strambi S. Incidental Ganglioneuromas: A Presentation Of 14 Surgical Cases And Literature Review. Journal Of Endocrinological Investigation, 2012, 38(5), 547–554. Doi:10.1007/S40618-014-0226-Y
[2]. Lonergan GJ, Schwab CM, Suarez ES, Carlson CL. Neuroblastoma, Ganglioneuroblastoma, And Ganglioneuroma: Radiologic-Pathologic Correlation. Radiographics, 2002, 22(4):911–934.
[3]. Hernando A., Lmudi E., Garcia Calleja J.L., Blanco Gonzalez J. Retroperitoneal Ganglioneuroma : Report Of A Case. Arch. Esp. Urol.;1997, 50 : 202-204.
[4]. Moriwaki Y., Miyake M., Yamamoto T., Tsuchida T., Tsuchida S., Hada T., Nishigami T., Higashino K. Retroperitoneal Ganglioneuroma : A Case Report And Review Of The Japanese Literature. Intern. Med.; 1992, 31 : 82-85

Abstract: Introduction: Multiple primary malignancies are rare clinical entity seen in 2 to 17% cases. The incidence is on the rise due to improved diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. Most of the available data till now is in the form of case reports. Hence this study was undertaken to know the prevalence of MPM in a tertiary care setup. Study design: It was a single institute retrospective study conducted over a period of 6 months based on the information from past medical records in patients attending medical oncology OPD. Age at presentation, disease free interval , risk factors and survival from onset of second primary were analysed. Results: 30 cases of MPM.....

[1]. Coyte A, Morrison DS, Mcloone P. Second Primary Cancer Risk - The Impact Of Applying Different Definitions Of Multiple Primaries: Results From A Retrospective Population-Based Cancer Registry Study. BMC Cancer2014;14:272.
[2]. Hayat MJ, Howlader N, Reichman ME, Et Al..Cancer Statistics, Trends, And Multiple Primary Cancer Analyses From The Surveillance, Epidemiology, And End Results (SEER) Program. Oncologist 2007;12:20–37.
[3]. Ferlay J, Steliarova-Foucher E, Lortet-Tieulent J, Et Al.. Cancer Incidence And Mortality Patterns In Europe: Estimates For 40 Countries In 2012. Eur J Cancer 2013;49:1374–403.
[4]. Suzuki T, Takahashi H, Yao K, Inagi K, Nakayama M, Makoshi T, Et Al. Multiple Primary Malignancies In The Head And Neck: A Clinical Review Of 121 Patients. Acta Otolaryngol Suppl. 2002;((547)):88–92.
[5]. Warren S, Gates O. Multiple Primary Malignant Tumors: A Survey Of The Literature And Statistical Study. Am J Cancer. 1932;16:1358–414

Abstract: Introduction: Acute lymphoblastic leukemia is the most common childhood hematological malignancy. Tumor lysis syndrome is one of the most frequent life threatening oncological emergencies of childhood Acute lymphoblastic leukemia characterized by metabolic abnormalities including hyperuricemia, hyperphosphatasemia, hyperkalemia, hypocalcemia and azotemia that occur spontaneously 3 days before or within 7 days after initiation of induction chemotherapy. The aim of this study was to identify the r isk f actors a ssociated with the d evelopment of t umour lysis syndrome in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia......

Keywords: Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Tumour Lysis Syndrome Risk Factors

[1]. Lanzkowsky , P ., Lipton , J M ., Fish , J D ., 2016, Manual Pediatric Hematology And Oncology , 6th Ed, Elsevier , UK
[2]. Islam , A ., Jamal , C Y ., Nahar , K ., Siddique , R ., Begum , F ., Begum , M . 2013, Paediatric Oncology Data Based Network POND )
Registry Initiated In Banglades h'h', Paediatric Blood & Cancer, Vol. 60, Issue S3 , Pp. 144 45.
[3]. Conter , V ., Bartram , C R ., Valsecchi , M G ., Schrauder , A ., Panzer Grümayer , R ., Möricke , A ., Aricò , M ., Zimmermann , M ., Mann , G ., De Rossi , G . And Stanulla , M ., 2010, Molecular Response To Treatment Redefin es All Prognostic Factors In Children And Adolescents With B Cell Precursor Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: Results In 3184 Patients Of The AIEOP BFM ALL 2000
Study', Blood , Vol.115(16), Pp.3206 14.
[4]. Cairo , M S . & Bishop , M . 2004: Tumour Lysis Syndrome: New Therapeutic Strategies And Classification. British Journal Of Haematology , 127:3 11.
[5]. Kedar A , Grow W , Neiberger RE .1995: Clinical Versus Laboratory Tumor Lysis Syndrome In Children With Acute Leukemia.
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Abstract: Background/Aims: Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a type of cancer that affects the blood and bone marrow. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the age and sex characteristics, and clinical presentation of CML in Eritrea. Material and Methods: A descriptive retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted at a central Laboratory in Asmara, Eritrea, from December 2015 to July 2017. The medical and laboratory data of the patients were collected using a structured questionnaire based on age, gender, presenting complaints, and clinical findings. Results: 17 cases were reviewed, and chronic myeloid leukemia constituted (8.3%). The male patients were more than females (52.9%.....

Key words: Chronic myeloid leukemia, abdominal pain/distention, fever, splenomegaly, hepatomegaly, National Health Laboratory

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[4]. Hamid GA: The Pattern Of Hematological Malignancies At Al-Gamhouria Teaching Hospital, Aden, Yemen, 2008-2010. Turk J Hematol. 2012, 29:342-347. 10.5505/Tjh.2012.03764
[5]. Smith A, Howell D, Patmore R, Jac A, Roman E: Incidence Of Haematological Malignancy By Sub-Type: A Report From The Haematological Malignancy Research Network. Br J Cancer. 2011, 105:1684-1692. 10.1038/Bjc.2011.450

Abstract: Intertrochanteric fractures are the fractures involving the region extending from the extracapsular neck region to the region along the lesser trochanter proximal to the medullary canal(1). Injury creates a spectrum of fractures in the proximal metaphyseal region of the bone, damaging the trabecular networks and the weak cortical bone, resulting in displacement of the fracture fragments. It is the most common fracture type having the highest morbidity rate. No significant improvement in mortality or functional recovery.....

[1]. Kumar R, Singh RN, Singh BN. Comparative Prospective Study Of Proximal Femoral Nail And Dynamic Hip Screw In Treatment Of Intertrochanteric Fracture Femur. J Clin Orthop Trauma. 2012;3(1):28–36.
[2]. Melton LJ 3rd, Kearns AE, Atkinson EJ, Et Al. Secular Trends In Hip Fracture Incidence And Recurrence. Osteoporos Int. 2009;20(5):687–694.
[3]. Jose RS, Visnu K, Vivek K, Manikandan R. Comparative Analysis Of The Functional Outcome In Intertrochanteric Fractures Between Dynamic Hip Screw And Proximal Femoral Nailing - A Prospective Study. Ind J Orthop Surg [Internet]. 2020;6(3):228–34. Available From: Http://Dx.Doi.Org/10.18231/J.Ijos.2020.043
[4] Gotfried Y. The Lateral Trochanteric Wall: A Key Element In The Reconstruction Of Unstable Pertrochanteric Hip Fractures. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2004 Aug;(425):82-6. PMID: 15292791.
[5]. Gupta RK, Sangwan K, Kamboj P, Punia SS, Walecha P (2010) Unstable Trochanteric Fractures: The Role Of Lateral Wall Reconstruction. Int Orthop 34(1):125–129

Abstract: Resilient materials have been routinely used with the purpose of recovering tissues that are in contact with the denture base. These materials partially absorb chewing load on the denture during function, thus reducing the energy transmitted to the associated paraprosthetictissues. However, these materials are easily degradable and susceptible to microbial colonization, which may cause different degrees of denture stomatitis. To prolong the clinical longevity of resilient materials and reduce plaque accumulation, incorporation of antimicrobial agents into these materials has been proposed. The incorporation of drugs into polymeric materials, including tissue conditioners and resilient liners, may affect their properties. Recently there have been many research focused towards the antimicrobial properties of herbal products.
Aim of the study.....

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