iosr-JDMS   Volume-17 ~ Issue-5 ~ May-2018

Abstract: Background: SLE is a heterogeneous autoimmune connective tissue disease marked by diverse patterns of presentation, auto-antibody production with multi-organ involvement. Aims & Objectives: The study is aimed to evaluate the different patterns of skin manifestations in SLE. Method: 20 patients during a period of 8 months were enrolled for the study. A detailed history and examination findings were noted in a predesigned proforma. Haematological Investigations, urine analysis, antibody profile were done in all cases, HPE & DIF in few as per the requirement. Result: Out of 20 patients, 18 were females and 2 were males. The average age of presentation is 27, with youngest patient 9 yrs and oldest patient 50 yrs. Skin changes noted were as follows: LE specific lesions: malar rash in 12 patients............

Keywords: cutaneous manifestations, systemic lupus erythematosus

[1]. Fitzpatrick's dermatology in general medicine, 8th edition (Mc Graw Hill)
[2]. Dermatology by Jean L Bolognia, Joseph L Jorizzo, Julie V Schaffer, 3rd edition (elsevier publication)
[3]. Rooks textbook of dermatology, 9th edition (WILEY Blackwell)
[4]. Kole AK, Ghosh A. Cutaneous manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus in a tertiary referral center. Indian J Dermatol 2009;54:132-6
[5]. Malaviya AN, Singh RR, Kumar De A, Kumar A, Aradhye S. SLE in Northern India 1988;36:476-80...

Abstract: Background: The present invitro study was conducted to find out the effect of continuous watt Nd:YAG laser radiation on root surface smear layer, dentinal tubule and dentinal permeability. Spectrophotometric dye recovery method is used to study the dentinal permeability and scanning microscopy is used to analyse the surface morphology Materials and methods: The tooth samples were irradiated with a Nd:YAG laser beam at various power and exposure levels. The morphologic changes produced in the smear layer by laser irradiation and its effect on dentinal tubules at different power levels and duration were studied under scanning electron microscope. Dentinal tubule sealing efficiency of laser irradiation at different power levels were compared quantitatively by spectrophotometric dye recovery method. In order to study the effect of enhanced absorption, cavity varnish is applied over the prepared dentin surface and all the experiments were repeated.........

Key words: Dentinal Hypersensitivity, Nd:YAG Laser

[1]. Porto JC, Andrade AK, Montes MA, Diagnosis and treatment of dentinal hypersensitivity Journal of Oral Sci 2009; 51: 323-332
[2]. Mohammadi Z, Laser application in endodontics- an update review, Int. Dent. J. 2009; 59: 35-46
[3]. Cummins D Dentin hypersentivity from diagnosis to a breakthrough therapy for everyday sensitivity relief. J Clini Denti 2009; 20: 1-9
[4]. Mastumoto K, Sensory mechanism of hypersensitive dentine - J. Japan Endod. Assoc 1988; 9: 10-16
[5]. Schuurs, Ejikman MAJ Dentists views on cervical hypersensitivity and their knowledge of its treatment (Endodontic Dent. Traumatol. 1995; 11:240 – 44..

Abstract: Introduction: The availability of appropriate diagnostic tests and treatment is more important in the first few hours of admission in Intensive Care Unit (ICU), where the patients are more likely to be unstable and require utmost care. Thus, it is necessary to identify those patients who are at risk , either through readily available laboratory biomarkers or clinical criteria or both. Aims and objectives: To evaluate the prognostic utility of Procalcitonin (PCT), NT-proBNP and Sequential Organ Failure assessment (SOFA) score in patients admitted to ICU. Materials and Methods: 56 consecutive patients admitted to the ICU were enrolled for the study . The study protocol was approved by the institutional ethics committee. Written informed consent was obtained from the patient or patient's first degree relatives. They were classified into sepsis or non-sepsis group according to SEPSIS-3 criteria. Demographic and clinical data including.............

Key words: Sepsis, Procalcitonin(PCT), NT-proBNP, SOFA score.

[1]. Linde-Zwirble WT, Angus DC. Severe sepsis epidemiology: Sampling, selection, and society. Crit Care 2004;8:222-6.

[2]. Singer M, Deutschman CS, Seymour CW, et al. The Third International Consensus Definitions for Sepsis and Septic Shock (Sepsis-3). JAMA 2016;315:801-10. 10.1001/jama.2016.0287

[3]. Shankar-Hari M, Phillips GS, Levy ML, et al. Developing a New Definition and Assessing New Clinical Criteria for Septic Shock: For the Third International Consensus Definitions for Sepsis and Septic Shock (Sepsis-3). JAMA 2016;315:775-87. 10.1001/jama.2016. [4]. Seymour CW, Liu VX, Iwashyna TJ, et al. Assessment of Clinical Criteria for Sepsis: For the Third International Consensus Definitions for Sepsis and Septic Shock (Sepsis-3). JAMA 2016;315:762-74. 10.1001/jama.2016.0288

[5]. Weinschenk NP, Farina A, Bianchi DW. Premature infants respond to early-onset and late onset sepsis with leukocyte activation. J Pediatr. 2000;137:345–350.

Abstract: Chronic liver disease is a phenomenon associated with volume overload and its main stay treatment is loop diuretics. The dose is usually increased until diuresis is satisfactory. However if the diuresis remains unsatisfactory few alternative therapeutic options are available1. Tolvaptan , a novel diuretic agent that acts on distal nephron to allow excretion of electrolyte free water ( aquaresis ), thereby exerting its pharmacological action without causing electrolyte imbalance. Tolvaptan also known as OPC-41061, is an orally acting nonpeptide, AVP antagonist2. It is observed that tolvaptan leads to greater 24 hour urine volume/excretion rate than furosemide and hydrochlorthiazide. It is metabolised by CYP3A4 system and concomitant use of strong CYP3A4 inhibitors is to be used with caution.So, via this study an attempt is being made to assess the efficacy of tolvaptan in refractory ascites, keeping...........

[1]. New Drug Application for Tolvaptan, Otsukas Investigational Novel Oral Treatment for Worsening Heart Failure and Hyponatremia,
[2]. Saito, T.; Ishikawa, S.; Abe, K. Acute aquaresis by the nonpeptide arginine vasopressin (AVP) antagonJ. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 1997, 82, 1054–1057.ist
[3]. De Luca, L.; Klein, L.; Udelson, J.E. Hyponatremia in patients with heart failure. Am. J. Cardiol. 2005, 96 (Suppl. 1), 19–23
[4]. Gheorghiade, M.; Gattis, W.A.; O'Connor, C.M. Effects of tolvaptan, a vasopressin antagonist, JAMA 2004, 291, 1963–1971.
[5]. Therapy of hyponatremia in cirrhosis with a vasopressin receptor antagonist: A randomized double-blind multicenter trial. Gastroenterology 2003, 124, 933–939..

Abstract: Introduction: Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is a group of diffuse parenchymal lung diseases affecting the pulmonary interstitium. High resolution computed tomography) is the most accurate noninvasive, cross section imaging modality for the diagnosis and follow up monitoring of ILD. Study was done to check the basic HRCT patterns associated with Interstitial Lung Disease and correlation of HRCT patterns with clinical data in differential diagnosis of Interstitial Lung Disease. Material and methods: Total 50 patients referred from medicine department of our institute having clinical suspicion of ILD were studied during June 2016to June 2017. HRCT chest was done in all patients on 32 slice Siemens somatom CT scanner in supine position using standard HRCT protocol. Parenchymal abnormalities were detected and categorized for specific diagnosis of ILD................

Key Words- High resolution computed tomography, Interstitial lung disease, Usual interstitial pneumonia

[1]. Behr J, Ryu JH. Pulmonary hypertension in interstitial lung disease. Eur Respir J. 2008;31:1357-67.
[2]. American Thoracic Society. Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: diagnosis and treatment. International consensus statement. American Thoracic Society (ATS),and the European
[3]. Respiratory Society (ERS). Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2000;161:646-64.
[4]. Ryu J, Daniels C, Hartman T, ES Yi. Diagnosis of interstitial lung diseases. Mayo Clin Proc. 2007;82:976-86.
[5]. British Thoracic Society and Standards of Care Committee. The diagnosis, assessment and treatment of diffuse parenchymal lung disease in adults. Introduction. Thorax. 1999;54:1-14.

Abstract: Introduction: Pancytopenia refers to reduction in all three formed elements of blood erythrocytes, leucocytes and platelets1. It is not a disease entity, but rather a triad of findings that may result from a number of disease processes. Although it is a common clinical problem with an extensive differential diagnosis, there is relatively little discussion of this abnormality in major textbooks of internal medicine and hematology 2. Aim and Objectives: To determine the common etiological causes of Pancytopenia. To determine the most common clinical manifestations of pancytopenia. To determine, if a critical analysis of peripheral smear provides a clue to the underlying pathology. To determine how frequently Bone marrow aspiration yields the Diagnosis.........

Key words: Megaloblastic Anemia, Pancytopenia,

[1]. Santra G, Das B K: A cross-sectional study of the clinicalprofile and aetiological spectrum of pancytopenia in a tertiary care centre: Singapore Med J 2010; 51(10):806.
[2]. Savage DG: Allen RH: Gangaidgo IT: Levy LM: Gwanzura C et al Pancytopenia in Zimbabwe AmJ Med Sci 1999 Jan; 317(1) :22-33.
[3]. Madhuchanda K, Alokendu G. Pancytopenia. Postgraduate Clinic Journal, Indian Academy of Clinical Medicine (JICAM) 2002; 3: 29-34.
[4]. Firkin F, Chesterman C, Pennigton D, Rush B. De Gruchy`s Clinical Hematology in Medical Practice Fifth Edition Oxford: Blackwell; 1989.
[5]. Maxwell M. Wintrobe: John N. Lukens; G.Richard Lee: Wintrobe`s Clinical Hematology Twelth edition..

Abstract: The aim of this study was to find the effect of socio-demographic profile on the academic performance of first year medical students in anatomy. Poor academic achievement could be the result of interplay between student's factors and their environmental milieu. 361 first year MBBS students of 2009 (175) and 2010 (186) batches were included in the study. A proforma consisting of information about age, sex, place of residence (strata), medium of instruction during schooling and the board of 12th standard was filled by the students. Performance of these students in the terminal examination was recorded and correlated statistically with their socio-demographic profile. Best performance was reported in the age group of 17-20 years. Females performed better in both theory and practical.........

Key words: Students, Academic, Examination, Performance, Socio-demographic profile.

[1]. Pringle MK. The needs of children. 1974, London: Hutchinson.
[2]. House JD. The independent effects of student characteristics and instructional activities on achievement: an application of the input- environment-outcome assessment model. Int J Instr Media 2002; 29(2): 225–239.
[3]. Credé M, Kuncel NR. Study habits, skills, and attitudes: the third pillar supporting collegiate academic performance. Perspect Psychol Sci 2008; 3(6): 425–453.
[4]. Ferguson E, James D, Madeley L. Factors associated with success in medical school: systematic review of the literature. BMJ 2002; 324(7343): 952–957.
[5]. Rhoads JM, Gallemore JL Jr, Gianturco DT, Osterhout S. Motivation, medical school admissions, and student performance. J Med Educ 1974; 49(12): 1119–1127.

Abstract: Introduction: Automated laboratory hematology analysers (ALHA) have replaced the traditional technique of microscopic peripheral blood smear examination and manual methods of analysis in hematology laboratories. The change is due to advantages of ALHAs over manual methods – short turnaround time, easy reproducibility of results etc. But, manual methods help in providing essential information by which the ALHA results are validated. Methods: A review of one hundred randomly selected samples from outpatient hematology laboratory at Prince Mutaib Bin Abdul............

Key words: ALHA (Automated laboratory hematology analyser), DLC (Differential leucocyte count), manual assay, PBS (Peripheral blood smear), RBC indices (Red Blood Cell indices)

[1]. Pierre RV. Peripheral blood film review: the demise of the eyecount leukocyte differential. Clin Lab Med. 2002;22:279–97.
[2]. Buttarello M, Gadotti M, Lorenz C, et al. Evaluation of four automated hematology analyzers: a comparative study of differential counts (imprecision and inaccuracy). Am J Clin Pathol. 1992;97:345–52.
[3]. Lantis KL, Harris RJ, Davis G, Renner N, Finn WG: Elimination of instrument-driven reflex manual differential leucocyte counts of manual blood smear review criteria in a high-volume automated hematology laboratory. Am J Clin Pathol 2003;119(5):656-62.
[4]. Groner W, Simson E. Practical Guide to Modern Hematology Analyzers. New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons.1995;188–97.
[5]. Siekmeier R, Bierlich A, Jaross W. The white blood cell differential: three methods compared. Clin Chem Lab Med. 2001;39:432-45.