iosr-JDMS   Volume-18 ~ Issue-10 ~ October-2019

Abstract: Today, mobile phones have become one of the most essential adornments of professional and social life. In spite of that they are generally stored in bags or pockets (1,2) as mobile phones act as perfect habitats for microbes to breed, especially in high temperatures and humid conditions. During every phone call a mobile phone comes into close contact with contaminated human body areas such as hands, and also portals of entry such as the mouth, nose and ears (3). Cell phones can become an exogenous source of nosocomial infection among hospitalized patients (4). The avenue of transfer is the presence of microorganisms on mobile phones which are carried by all medical staff....

[1]. Neubauer G, Röösli M, Feychting M, Hamnerius Y, Kheifets L, Kuster N, Ruiz I, Schüz J, Überbacher R., Wiart J (2005) Study on the Feasibility of Epidemiological. Studies on Health Effects of Mobile Telephone Base Stations – Final Report: A workshop Organized by Swiss Research Foundation on Mobile Communication Swiss Agency for the Environment, Forests and Landscape Swiss Federal Office of Public Health FSM – Project No. A 2003-9.
[2]. Sowah LN (2008) The future of the Mobile Internet: How do we tap into its fullest benefits? Technology Blogs, 1-2.
[3]. Badr.R.I. Mobile Phones and Nosocomial Infections. Virox Technologies Inc.
[4]. Lavanya, J., N.B. Swaroop Rani, Manoj Jais and Amruth Kishan Upadhya. Microbial Contamination of Mobile Phones in a Tertiary Health Care Setting. Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci. 2012; 5(9): 508-513.
[5]. Dave .S, Shende. K (2015) Isolation and Identification of Microbes Associated With Mobile Phones in Durg District in Chhattisgarh Region, India. IOSR Journal of Environmental Science, Toxicology and Food Technology (IOSR-JESTFT) e-ISSN: 2319-2402,p- ISSN: 2319-2399.

Abstract: Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome (RTS) or Broad Thumb Hallux syndrome was originally described byMichail et al. in 1957. In 1963, American physician Jack Herbert Rubinstein andIranian-American Physician Hooshang Taybi had reported a thorough study of sevenchildrenof similar symptoms which later was named as Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome. It consists of agroup of congenital anomalies consisting of short, broad thumbs and great toes, psychomotorretardation, higharched palates, and histories of recurrent respiratory infections andparticular facial abnormalities.It is one of the classical recurrent pattern multiple congenital anomaly syndromes.

[1]. Cardon T, Kline A. Rubinstein-Taybi Syndrome: A case report, The Foot & Ankle
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[3]. P.M¨unevveroglu and B. B. Akg,Rubinstein-Taybi Syndrome: A Case Report, Hindawi
[4]. Publishing Corporation Case Reports in Dentistry, (2012); 5, 4
[5]. Nayak et al, Rubinstein-Taybi syndromewith Psychosis, Indian Journal of PsychologicalMedicine, Apr-Jun (2012); 34:2

Abstract: This retrospective study was conducted at Jeddah national hospital in Jeddah in the period from Jan 2019 to April 2019, to evaluate thyroid diseases using ultrasound imaging. The study was done by collecting 50 ultrasound reports of patients all of them have thyroid problems in a different region. From our results, we found that the most affected age group was (20-30) represented the highest percentage 12 (24%) while the age group (60-70) represented the lowest percentage 8 (16%). The patients female affected more than male patients with percentage (62%) and (38%) respectively, the Thyroid lymph nodes represented the highest percentage 15(30%) while the Thyroid adenomas and thyroid carcinoma represented the lowest percentage 2 (4%)...........

Key words: thyroid diseases, ultrasound, T3 hormone, Thyroid lymph nodes

[1] Screaton NJ, Berman LH, Grant JW. USguided core-needle biopsy of the thyroid gland. Radiology 2003; 226: 827-832.
[2] Layfield LJ, Cibas ES, Gharib H, Mandel SJ(2009)Thyroid aspiration.
[3] Aaron DC, Finding JW, and Tyrrel JB (2007) Hypothalamus & pituitary gland. In: Gardner DG and Shoback D (eds.) Greenspan's basic & clinical endocrinology, 8th (eds), pp. 101–156.
[4] Auflage, (October 2005). "Thyroid Function Abnormalities during Amiodarone Therapy for Persistent Atrial Fibrillation". The American Journal of Medicine. 120 (10): 880–885.
[5] Beverly Hills, Encino, Mid-Cities, Sherman Oaks, Silver Lake, Studio City, Toluca Lake, and West Hollywood, Jan 2012..

Abstract: The standard of care for locally advanced carcinoma cervix is concurrent chemoradiotherapy followed by brachytherapy. Recent advances in radiotherapy treatment delivery include three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3DCRT), Intensity-modulated radiotherapy(IMRT), Volumetric modulated radiotherapy(VMAT) have been in use and have shown to decrease the doses to normal tissues. Fifteen patients of biopsy proven locally advanced non metastatic cervical cancer patients were chosen for this study, VMAT and 3DCRT plans were generated...

Key words: Cervix, radiotherapy, VMAT

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Abstract: Overview: The aim of this study is to evaluate and compare the effects of Autologous Platelet Rich Fibrin on multiple tooth recession coverage using the Bridge Flap Technique. Methods : Thirty patients (18 males and 12 females) of age group 20 to 55 years were selected those who had from Miller's Class I and II gingival recession. Patients were randomly allocated into two groups: - Group A: Conventional Bridge Flap Technique and Group B: Bridge Flap Technique with Platelet Rich Fibrin. Results: Significant results were observed in recession coverage with both the groups (p≤ 0.05). The group with Platelet Concentrates showed statistically significant in parameters like Thickness of Gingiva which showed an increase from 1 ± 0.08 mm at baseline....

Key words: Recession coverage, periodontal plastic surgery, PRF, Bridge Flap

[1]. Agarwal K, et al (2013) "Lateral sliding bridge flap technique along with platelet rich fibrin and guided tissue regeneration for root coverage‟. J Indian Soc Periodontol; 17: 801-5.
[2]. Aleksic Z et al (2009) "The use of platelet-rich fibrin membrane in gingival recession treatment‟. Srpskiarhiv za celokupno lekarstvo 138(1-2):11-8.
[3]. Bokan I. et al (1997) "Potential of gingival connective tissue to induce keratinization of an alveolar mucosal flap: A long-term histologic and clinical assessment. Case report‟ Quintessence Int ; 28:731-6.
[4]. Gupta V et al (2011) "Bridge flap technique as single step solution to mucogingival problems: A case series‟. Contemp Clin Dent; 2: 110-4.
[5]. Jankovic S et al.(2012) "Use of platelet-rich fibrin membrane following treatment of gingival recession: a randomized clinical trial‟. International Journal of Periodontics and Restorative Dentistry. 32(2):165.

Abstract: Aim:To compare the efficacy of bioresorbablepolydioxanone suture for transosseous fixation to that of titanium miniplatesfor maxillofacial fractures Materials and methods:This study was conducted in the department of oral and maxillofacial surgery,Govt dental college, Bangalore. Of a total of 20 patients involved in the study, fixation of fracture in 10 patients was achieved by transosseous ligation by means of polydioxanone. Whereas the other 10 received titanium miniplates. In case of mandibular fractures, MMF was done for a period of 6 weeks to achieve occlusion and provide stability. Results:Stable fixation was achieved in both the groups,showing a satisfactory and an uneventful healing. Polydioxanone provides adequate....

Key words: Polydioxanone ligature,transosseous fixation, titanium miniplate fixation.

[1]. Fonseca RJ, Barber HD, Powers MP, Frost DE. Oral and Maxillofacial Trauma-E-Book. Elsevier Health Sciences; 2013 Dec 1.
[2]. Suuronen R, Pohjonen T, Vasenius J, Vainionpää S. Comparison of absorbable self-reinforced multilayer poly-1-lactide and metallic plates for the fixation of mandibular body osteotomies: An experimental study in sheep. Journal of oral and maxillofacial sur.
[3]. Kim YK, Yeo HH, Lim SC. Tissue response to titanium plates: a transmitted electron microscopic study. Journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery. 1997 Apr 1;55(4):322-6.
[4]. Lerwick E. Studies on the efficacy and safety of polydioxanone monofilament absorbable suture. Surgery, gynecology& obstetrics. 1983 Jan;156(1):51-5.
[5]. Quayle AA, El-Badrawy H. Clinical and experimental studies with a resorbabletransosseous ligature. British Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery. 1984 Feb 1;22(1):24-9.

Abstract: Background: Carcinoma cervix is the 2nd most common cancer among the women in India and globally it is 4th most common among women. Most of the risk factors of this cancer have been identified till date. Analysis of risk factors of this cancer shows that it is one of the preventable cancers of human being. It can be detected several years prior to obvious neoplastic changes in cervix. There are several simple, cost-effective screening methods available for early detection of cellular atypia. Risk factors canalso becontrolled by HPV vaccination and behavioral changes. Lack of awareness about the risk factors and screening methods of this cancer among general population and unavailability of screening tests in national health program are responsible for high prevalence....

Key words: Carcinoma cervix screening, Pap smear, cervical cytology, prevention of ca-cervix, pre-malignant lesions of cervix

[1]. http://screening.iarc.fr/doc/WHO_India_CCSP_guideline_2005.pdf
[2]. Tewari et al. Gynecologic oncology research and practice (2018) 5:5. http://doi.org/10.1186/s40661-018-0061-5.GLOBOCAN Cervical Cancer Estimated Incidence, Mortality and Prevalence Worldwide in 2012.
[3]. Antoine Touze, Silvia de Sanjose, Pierre Coursaget et.al. J ClinMicrobiol. 2001 Dec;39(12):4344-4348.
[4]. Cheryl L R, Clair W M, Kevin R et al. prevention of cervical cancer. Critical review in Oncology / Hematology; 2000:33:169-185
[5]. WHO summary report on HPV & cervical cancer statistics in India (18/03/2008).

Abstract:Background: Liver span may provide information concerning the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of various gastrointestinal and hematological diseases. Ultrasound has been found to be both accurate and reliable for these measurements. Aims of the study: The present study was planned to establisha normative data for liver span by ultrasound and to study its correlation with some anthropometric variables in adults' Nigerian population in Zaria. Materials and Method: Thestudy was conducted in the Department of Radiology and Human Anatomy, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria between January and August 2016. Three hundred and fifty apparently healthy young adults (175 males and 175 females) resident....

Key words: Sonography, Measurements, Liver span, Zaria

[1]. Elstein D, Hadas H, and Azuri, Y. Accuracy of ultrasonography in assessing spleen and liver size in patients with Gaucher disease: comparison to computed tomography measurements. J ultrasound Med. 1997; 16: 209-211.
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[4]. Wee Lk, and Supriyanto E. Automatic detection of fetal nasal bone in 2 dimensional ultrasoundimage using map matching. 12th WSEAS international conference on automatic control, modeling and simulation 2010; 305-9.
[5]. Kheiralla OAM, Babikr WG, and Elbadri AH. Sonographic Average Value Of Normal Liver Span Among Saudi Adults Referred To Najran University Hospital. IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences (IOSR-JDMS). 2016; 15 (5): 27-34.

Abstract: The paracondylar process is a rare osseous process arising at the cervicooccipital region and belongs to a large and heterogenic group of developmental abnormalities of the craniovertebral junction. Two Stout cylindrical bony paracondylar processes (PCP) were found arising from the jugular process of the occipital bone in an adult male human dry skull. They projected downwards and medially; they were located postero-lateral to the occipital condyles and medial to the mastoid processes. The PCP were extending caudally towards the transverse process of the atlas; and were located just lateral to the posterior arch of atlas. Awareness of this paracondylar process, its topographical relations and its attendant problems is of importance to clinicians, radiologists, surgeons and chiropractors.

Keywords: Paracondylar process; Occipital bones abnormalities; Exostoses ; Cervical vertebrae abnormalities

[1]. George Stathis et al. (2012)Paracondylar process, a rare normal variant: the value of MRI in the diagnosis .Surg Radiol Anat 34:281–284 : DOI 10.1007/s00276-011-0857-z
[2]. Shapiro R, Robinson F (1976) Anomalies of the craniovertebral border. Am J Roentgenol 127(2):281–287.
[3]. de Graauw N, Carpay HA, Slooff WB (2008) The paracondylar process: an unusual and treatable cause of posttraumatic headache. Spine 33(9):E283–E286. doi:10.1097/BRS.0b013e31816 d8d68
[4]. Mangal A, Choudhry R, Tuli A, Singh P, Kaur Narula M, Khera V (2004) Imaging and morphology of the paracondylar process in a dry adult human skull: a case report. Surg Radiol Anat 26(4):334–337. doi:10.1007/s00276-004-0243-1
[5]. Sharma M et al (2008) Occipitalization of atlas with other associated anomalies of skull. Eur J Anat 12(3):159–167..

Abstract: Hepato-renal syndrome is a unique form of functional renal failure due to diminished renal blood flow which occurs in histologically normal kidneys seen in advanced liver disease. •Prognosis is poor with survival commonly measured in weeks to months. •Several treatment options exist, early diagnosis and treatment provide the best hope of survival.

[1]. •Sleisenger and fordtrans gastrointestinal and liver diseases 10thedition
[2]. •Sherlocks diseases of the liver and biliary system 12thedition
[3]. •Harrisons 19thedition
[4]. •Hepatorenal Syndrome: Aetiology, Diagnosis, and TreatmentG.Low,1,2,3G.J.M.Alexander,4and D.J.Lomas1,3.

Abstract: Antioxidants are substances that inhibit oxidation, especially one used to counteract the deterioration of stored food products. They are substances that remove potentially damaging oxidizing agents in the body of human and other living organisms. Desmodiumadscendens is a medicinal herb commonly used to manage several disease conditions. The current study determines the antioxidant activities of the herb, relating them to the phytochemistry of the herb.Twenty-four (24) rats were grouped into four (n=6): A, B, C, and C. While group A served as control, groups B, C, and D were administered low, median, and high doses of aqueous leave extract of the herb. The antioxidant effect of the herb was then determined across the various doses based on the determination of serum concentration..........

Key words:Glutathion peroxidase, Superoxide dismutase, Catalase, Malondialdehyde, Freeradicals, Lipid peroxidation

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[4]. Zhang, S., Cui Y.L, DiaoM.Y., Chen D.C., Lin Z.F. Use of platelet indices for determining illness severity and predicting prognosis in critically ill patients. Chinese Medical Journal, 2015. 128: pg2012-2018.
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Abstract: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is defined as the presence of at least five obstructive events (apneas and hypopneas) per hour during sleep.1 It is characterized by periodic complete or partial upper airway obstruction during sleep, causing intermittent cessations of breathing (apneas) or reductions in airflow (hypopneas) despite ongoing respiratory effort. The obstructive sleep apnea–hypopnea syndrome, defined as the presence of at least five obstructive events per hour with associated daytime sleepiness.1 There is collapse of the pharyngeal airway resulting in repeated episodes of airflow cessation, oxygen desaturation, and sleep disruption.2 Apnea is cessation of airflow for at least 10 seconds whereas hypopnea is partial loss of breath (more than or equal to 4% desaturation) that last 10 seconds or longer.3 Normal sleep has breakdown fewer than 5 events/hr, mild sleep apnea has 5-14 events/hr, moderate has 15-29 events/hr, severe apnea has 30 or more events/hr. An apneais considered obstructive.......

[1]. Basner RC. Continuous positive airway pressure for obstructive sleep apnea. N Engl J Med. 2007;356(17):1751-8.
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[3]. Park JG, Ramar K, Olson EJ. Updates on definition, consequences, and management of obstructive sleep apnea. Mayo Clin Proc. 2011;86:549-55.
[4]. Mickelson SA. Nasal surgery for obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Otolaryngol Clin North Am. 2016;49(6):1303-1470.
[5]. Chung F, Elsaid H. Screening for obstructive sleep apnea before surgery: why is it important?. Curr Opin Anesthesio. 2009;22(3):405-11.