iosr-JDMS   Volume-19 ~ Issue-12 ~ December 2020

Abstract:Extra abdominal fibromatosis (EAF) is proliferation of highly differentiated fibrous tissue. It arises principally from the connective tissue of the muscle & the overlying fascia or aponeurosis (Musculoaponeurotic fibromatosis). It chiefly affects the muscles of the shoulder, pelvic girdle & thigh of adolescents & young adults. Histologically it is benign but locally aggressive fibrous neoplasm originating from the musculoaponeurotic structures with nonspecific findings.
EAF constitutes < 0.03% of all the neoplasms. They are rare lesions with an estimated incidence of 2-4 individuals per million. Other terms used are Extra abdominal desmoid, Desmoid tumor, Well differentiated non metastasizing fibrosarcoma, Grade 1 fibrosarcoma AND Aggressive fibromatosis...

[1]. DeVita, Hellman and rosenberg's. Desmoid tumors. Principles and practise of oncosurgey, pg-1258
[2]. Weiss & Goldblum: Enzinger and Weiss's Soft Tissue Tumors, 5th ed. Extra abdominal fibromatosis.
[3]. Couerteny M. towsend Jr, R. Daniel Beauchamp, B. Mark Evers, Kenneth L. Mattox. Volume 2. Sabiston textbook of surgery 20th edition. Page 765,766,1072,1073,1074.
[4]. Norman S. Williams, P. Ronan O'Connell, Andrew W. McCaskie. Volume 2. Bailey & Love's Short practice of surgery. Page 1259, 1045.

Abstract: Glaucoma is the leading cause of irreversible blindness in the world. The aim of the study was to describe the association between the optic disc changes with visual field defects in Primary Open Angle Glaucoma(POAG). It was donein 100 patients who attended the Ophthalmology OPD, NRIGH,Mangalagiri, Guntur. All the patients underwent a comprehensive ocular examination i.e. Visual acuity recording, Slit lamp examination, Gonioscopy, IOP with Goldmann Applanation Tonometry, Fundus examination with +78D, +90D lens, recording of visual fields on Humphrey's Automated Field Analyser and diagnosed as having POAG in one or both eyes and the association between the optic disc changes and the visual field defects was studied..

Key Word: Glaucoma ,optic nerve head ,neuro retinal rim (NRR),Visual fields ,Intraocular pressure

[1]. Ak khurana 7th Edition
[2]. Shields Textbook of Glaucoma 5th Edition, –R.Rand Allingluam. Karim Damj, Sharon Freedman ,Sayokomoroi, George Shafranov.
[3]. Ramakrishnan, Praveen K Krishnadas, Thulasiraj, James M. Glaucoma in a rural population of southern India: The Aravind comprehensive eye survey Elsevier Ophthalmology 2003; 110(8):1484-90
[4]. Paul F, Colin C. Risk factors for primary open-angle glaucoma Race African people. article in canadian journal of ophthalmology.2012 Impact Factor: 1.3 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcjo.2012.02.003.
[5]. Thasarat S, Sushma N, Jacob T, et al., Gender, and glaucoma: what we know and what we need to know, Curr OpinOphthal. 2010; 21(2):91-99..

Abstract: Background- Staphylococcus saprophyticus is a gram-positive coagulase negative staphylococcus[CONS]. It is the second most frequent cause of urinary tract infection[UTI] in reproductive age group females(15-40years) after Escherichia coli (70.8%). The bacterium has capacity for selective adherence to human urothelium. S.saprophyticus is innately resistant to novobiocin which is used as a screening tool to detect it in urine specimens. Material and method- The study was conducted over a period of 6months from August 2018-January 2019. 80 mid-stream urine samples were collected from reproductive age group females attending obstetrics and gynaecology OPD with or without symptoms of UTI. CONS were identified by gram staining of culture smears and standard biochemical tests. Novobiocin susceptibility test was done using Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method as per CLSI guidelines...

Keywords: Staphylococcus saprophyticus,novobiocin resistance,urinary tract infection,Coagulase Negative Staphylococcus ,antibiotic susceptibility test

[1]. Raz, R., R. Colodner, and C. M. Kunin. 2005. Who are you—Staphylococcus saprophyticus? Clin. Infect. Dis. 40:896-898
[2]. Pead L, Maskell R, Morris J (1985) Staphylococcus saprophyticus as a urinary pathogen: A six year prospective survey. Br Med J (Clin Res Ed) 291: 1157- 1159.
[3]. Latham RH, Running K, Stamm WE. Urinary tract infections in young adult women caused by Staphylococcus saprophyticus. JAMA. 1983 Dec 9;250(22):3063-6. PMID: 6644988
[4]. Gatermann SG. Mobley HLT, Warren JW. Virulence factors of Staphylococcus saprophyticus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and enterococci, Urinary tract infections: molecular pathogenesis and clinical management, 1986Washington, DCASM Press(pg. 313-40).
[5]. Argemi X, Hansmann Y, Prola K, Prévost G. Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci Pathogenomics. Int J Mol Sci. 2019 Mar 11;20(5).

Abstract: INTRODUCTION : Hemoglobinopathies are a group of inherited disorders with qualitative and quantitative defects .Their diagnosis relies on clinical examination, family history and laboratory investigations. OBJECTIVE : The objective of present study was to find out the pattern of distribution of thalassemia and other various hemoglobinopathies in anemic patients attending outpatient department of tertiary healthcare institution, antenatal female unit and those with positive family history. MATERIAL & METHODS : A total of 46,566 cases were screened for hemoglobinopathies by biorad variant - HPLC system (Biorad – Hercules,CA ). The retention times, proportion of hemoglobin and the peak characteristics of all hemoglobin fractions recorded......

Key words: Hemoglobinopathy, Thalassemia, HPLC, prevalence

[1]. Patne SC, Shukla J. Hemoglobin E disorders in Eastern Uttar Pradesh. Indian J Pathol Microbiol 2009;52:110-2.
[2]. Balgir RS. Genetic epidemiology of three predominant abnormal hemoglobins in India. J Assoc Physicians India 1996;44:25-8.
[3]. Mondal SK, Mandal S. Prevalence of thalassemia and hemoglobinopathy in eastern India: A 10‑year high‑performance liquid chromatography study of 119,336 cases. Asian J Transfus Sci 2016;10:105‑10.
[4]. Balgir RS. The genetic burden of hemoglobinopathies with special reference to community health in India and the challenges ahead. Indian J Hematol Blood Transfus 2002;20:2‑7.
[5]. Manna AK, Dutta SK, Chatterjee A. Relative incidence of different thalassaemias and haemoglobinopathies in South Bengal. J Indian Med Assoc 2009;107:347-9..

Abstract: Background: Iron deficiency anaemia is the leading cause of heart failure in ckdpatients.this study was done to study the incidence of heart failure in diabetic kidney disease patients in government general hospital. : Materials and Methods: This Prospective Observational study was done from August 2019 to November 2019 in Government General Hospital Nalgonda. A total of 100 cases male and female admitted for dialysis were studied based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. All patients were done routine investigations including iron studies, urine for microalbuminuria, 2decho and thoroughly elicited for history of diabetes. Patients below 12 years, pregnant women and patients with...

Keywords: iron deficiency,anaemia, ckd,heartfailure, microalbuminuria

[1]. Cappellini MD, Comin‐Colet J, De Francisco A, Dignass A, Doehner W, Lam SP, Macdougall IC, Rogler G, Camaschella C, Kadir R, Kassebaum NJ, Spahn DR, Taher AT, Musallam KM. Iron deficiency across chronic inflammatory conditions: international expert opinion on definition, diagnosis, and management. Am J Hematol 2017; 92: 1068– 1078. Wiley Online Library CAS PubMed Web of Science®Google Scholar
[2]. Jankowska EA, Rozentryt P, Witkowska A, Nowak J, Hartmann O, Ponikowska B, Borodulin‐Nadzieja L, Banasiak W, Polonski L, Filippatos G, McMurray JJ, Anker SD, Ponikowski P. Iron deficiency: an ominous sign in patients with systolic chronic heart failure. Eur Heart J 2010; 31: 1872– 1880. Crossref CAS PubMed Web of Science®Google Scholar
[3]. Klip IT, Comin‐Colet J, Voors AA, Ponikowski P, Enjuanes C, Banasiak W, Lok DJ, Rosentryt P, Torrens A, Polonski L, van Veldhuisen DJ, van der Meer P, Jankowska EA. Iron deficiency in chronic heart failure: an international pooled analysis. Am Heart J 2013; 165: 575– 582. Crossref CAS PubMed Web of Science®Google Scholar
[4]. Okonko DO, Mandal AK, Missouris CG, Poole‐Wilson PA. Disordered iron homeostasis in chronic heart failure: prevalence, predictors, and relation to anemia, exercise capacity, and survival. J Am CollCardiol 2011; 58: 1241– 1251. Crossref CAS PubMed Web of Science®Google Scholar
[5]. Peyrin‐Biroulet L, Williet N, Cacoub P. Guidelines on the diagnosis and treatment of iron deficiency across indications: a systematic review. Am J ClinNutr 2015; 102: 1585– 1594..

Abstract: Bacterial vaginosis is an important risk factor for prematurity and pregnancy morbidity. The relationship between bacterial vaginosis (BV) and preterm delivery has become well known in recent years. This gives the idea to do the research in this field in their dwelling area. The aim of this study is to find the Bacterial vaginosis as a risk of preterm labor among Libyan women in Zliten city, Libya. 100 cases (50 cases in the study/experimental group and another 50 cases in the control group) were included in this study during November 2018 and October 2019 in Obstetrics and Gynecology department, Zliten teaching Hospital, Zliten, Libya.......

Keywords: Bacterial vaginosis, Preterm labor, Lactobacillus sp.Libyan women, and Zliten.

[1]. Bradshaw CS, Vodstrcil LA, Hocking JS, Law M, Pirotta M, Garland SM, De Guingand D, Morton AN, Fairley CK (2013) Recurrence of bacterial vaginosis is significantly associated with posttreatment sexual activities and hormonal contraceptive use. Clinical infectious diseases, 56(6):777-786.
[2]. Brocklehurst P, Gordon A, Heatley E and Milan SJ (2013) Antibiotics for treating bacterial vaginosis in pregnancy. The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 31(1):CD000262.
[3]. Donati L, Di Vico A, Nucci M, Quagliozzi L, Spagnuolo T, Labianca A, Bracaglia M, Ianniello F, Caruso A and Paradisi G (2010) Vaginal microbial flora and outcome of pregnancy. Arch Gynecol Obstet. 281(4):589-600.
[4]. Flynn CA, Helwig AL and Meurer LN (1999) Bacterial vaginosis in pregnancy and the risk of prematurity: a meta-analysis. J Fam Pract. , 48(11):885-892.
[5]. Freitas AC (2017) The vaginal microbiome of pregnant women is less rich and diverse, with lower prevalence of Mollicutes, compared to non-pregnant women. Scientific reports , 7(1):9212..

Abstract: Background :Acute pancreatitis can present with a wide array of symptoms ranging from a self limiting illness to fatal illness. Acute necrotising pancreatitis is the most dreadful complication associated with mortality of approximately 15 %. The treatment of necrotising pancreatitis has changed from open procedures to minimally invasive procedures in experienced centres. This study focuses on the different factors which contribute towards mortality of patients undergoing pancreatic necrosectomy in a tertiary care setting
Materials and methods: In this prospective study, 428 patients were admitted to the hospital and diagnosed to have necrotising pancreatitis. 37 patients (8.64%) underwent open surgical necrosectomy and constitute the study population. Special proforma.......

Keywords: Acute necrotising pancreatitis, necrosectomy, multi organ failure, pancreatic necrosis

[1]. DiMagno EP, Chari S. Acute pancreatitis. In: Feldman M, Friedman LS, Sleisenger MH (eds). Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease: Pathophysiology/Diagnosis/Management, Vol. 1. Philadelphia, PA: W.B. Saunders, 2002; 913–42.
[2]. Beger HG, Bittner R, Block S, Buchler M. Bacterial contamination of pancreatic necrosis. A prospective clinical study. Gastroenterology 1986; 91: 433–8.
[3]. Windsor JA. Minimally invasive pancreatic necrosectomy. Br J Surg. 2007; 94:132–133.
[4]. Besselink MG, van Santvoort HC, Nieuwenhuijs VB, et al. Minimally invasive 'step-up approach' versus maximal necrosectomy in patients with acute necrotising pancreatitis (PANTER trial): design and rationale of a randomized controlled multicenter trial. BMC Surg. 2006;6:6.
[5]. Nieuwenhuijs VB, Besselink MG, van Minnen LP, Gooszen HG. Surgical management of acute necrotizing pancreatitis: a 13-year experience and a systematic review. Scand. J. Gastroenterol. 2003; 239: 111–16.

Abstract: Introduction: Coronary artery disease has been a significant health problem, and is responsible for about one-third or more of all deaths in individuals over age 35, although mortality rates worldwide have declined over the past four decades. Survivors of a first acute myocardial infarction (MI) face a substantial risk of further cardiovascular events, including death, recurrent MI, heart failure, arrhythmias, angina, and stroke. Materials and Methods: All the patients who satisfy the inclusion criteria were included in the study after taking the written informed consent. Diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction was made as per the Universal Definition of Myocardial Infarction Criteria for Acute Myocardial Infarction. Detailed clinical history was obtained from all the patients. History...

Keywords: Coronary artery disease, MI, LAVI, IVRT.

[1]. Rosamond W, Flegal K, Furie K, et al. Heart disease and stroke statistics--2008 update: a report from the American Heart Association Statistics Committee and Stroke Statistics Subcommittee. Circulation 2008; 117:e25.
[2]. Nichols M, Townsend N, Scarborough P, Rayner M. Cardiovascular disease in Europe 2014: epidemiological update. Eur Heart J 2014; 35:2950.
[3]. Benjamin EJ, Virani SS, Callaway CW, et al. Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics-2018 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association. Circulation 2018; 137:e67.
[4]. Rogers WJ, Frederick PD, Stoehr E, et al. Trends in presenting characteristics and hospital mortality among patients with ST elevation and non-ST elevation myocardial infarction in the National Registry of Myocardial Infarction from 1990 to 2006. Am Heart J 2008; 156:1026.
[5]. Gibson CM, Pride YB, Frederick PD, et al. Trends in reperfusion strategies, door-to-needle and door-to-balloon times, and in-hospital mortality among patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction enrolled in the National Registry of Myocardial Infarction from 1990 to 2006. Am Heart J 2008; 156:1035...

Abstract: Background: Phacoemulsification is accepted as gold standard surgical procedurefor the management of cataract in the modern era. There are two types of incision used in phacoemulsification – Sclerocorneal tunnel incision and Clear corneal incision. Recently preferences have been shifted from Sclerocorneal tunnel incision to Clear corneal incision in Phacoemulsification . Hence we are conducting this study to assess the merits and demerits of the two techniques. Materials and methods:In this interventional and comparative study, a total of 100 patients were selected in the age group above 50 years for undergoing.....

Keywords: Phacoemulsification, Clear corneal incision, Sclerocorneal incision, WTR, ATR, BCVA

[1]. Thomas R, Muliyil J. The incidence of cataract in India is an overestimate. Natl Med J India. 1998;11(4):182-184.
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[3]. V K Raju and Leela V Raju. Cataract surgery and controversy: Susruta-Daviel-Kelman. Indian J Ophthalmol. 2017 Dec; 65(12): 1275–1276.
[4]. Kelman CD. Phaco-emulsification and aspiration. A new technique of cataract removal. A preliminary report. Am J Ophthalmol. 1967 Jul;64(1):23-35.
[5]. Aarthi R, Roy G, Kar SS, Srinivasan R. Prevalence of cataract among adults above 50 years in a rural community of Villupuram, Tamil Nadu. Int J Adv Med Health Res 2015;2:50-4..

Abstract: Background: Stroke is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Computed Tomography (CT) is an essential imaging technique in the diagnosis and classification of suspected stroke patients , most importantly ruling out intra-cerebral hemorrhage (ICH), subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) and subdural hematoma (SDH). CT is only recently introduced in El-Obeid hospital in Western Sudan. The objective of this study is to investigate the CT findings in patients referred for CT scanning with a clinical diagnosis of stroke. Methods: The imaging findings of 712 suspected stroke patients, referred to our department in the period November 2016 to August 2017, were retrospectively reviewed. The age of patient, known existing morbidity (hypertension and/or diabetes mellitus...

Keywords: stroke imaging, computed tomography, cerebral hemorrhage

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[5]. Radhiana H, Syazarina SO, Shahizon Azura MM, Hilwati H, Sobri MA. Non-contrast Computed Tomography in Acute Ischaemic Stroke: A Pictorial Review. Med J Malaysia. 2013; 68(1):93-100..