iosr-JDMS   Volume-19 ~ Issue-12 ~ December 2020

Abstract: Background:. Medial sphenoid wing meningiomasrepresents a distinct entity of meningioma;the tumours are medially located with involvement of the anterior clinoid process .Medial sphenoid wing meningiomas had an inherited surgical difficulties, morbidities & mortalities due to its intimate relations to optic nerve, cavernous sinus, cranial nerves that enter superior orbital fissure and arteries of anterior circulation.
Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective study conducted from January 2018 to november 2020 on 24 consecutive patient who were operated with diagnosis of sphenoid wing meningiomain our department. Results: A total of 24 patients were included in this study.In majority (70.83%) of patients, headache is the most common clinical presentation.Cavernous......

Key Word: Medial sphenoid wing meningioma,cavernous sinus,outcome

[1]. Basso A, Carrizo AG, Duma C. Sphenoid ridge meningiomas. In: Schmidek H (Ed). Operative Neurosurgical Techniques, 4th edition. Philadelphia: WB Saunders; 2000. pp. 316−24.
[2]. Benjamin V, McCormack B. Surgical management of tuberculum sellae and sphenoid ridge meningiomas. In: Schmidek H (Ed). Operative Neurosurgical Techniques, 4th edition. Philadelphia: WB Saunders; 2000. pp. 305−15.
[3]. Cushing H, Eisenhardt L. Meningiomas: Their Classification, Regional Behaviour, Life History, and Surgical End Results. Springfield, IL: Charles C. Thomas; 1938. pp. 298−319.
[4]. Nakamura M, Roser F, Jacobs C, et al. Medial sphenoid wing meningiomas: clinical outcome and recurrence rate. Neurosurgery. 2006;58:626−39.
[5]. Benjamin V, McCormack B: Surgical management of tuberculum sellae and sphenoid ridge meningiomas, in Schmidek HH (ed): Operative Neurosurgical Techniques: Indications, Methods, and Results. Philadelphia, W.B. Saunders, 2000, pp 305–315.

Abstract: Background: Dry eye is a clinical condition characterized by deficient tear production or excessive tear evaporation resulting in ocular discomfort. It is characterized by ocular irritation resulting from an alteration of tear film.Dry eye syndrome following cataract surgery was concerned recently. In developing countries like ours, the most efficient and the economical means of doing a cataract surgery is manual small incision cataract surgery. Now-a-days even the base camp surgeries which are done under the National programme for control of blindness(NPCB) are manual small incision cataract surgeries .Dry eye can develop or deteriorate after cataract surgery if not treated in time.......

Key Word: Dry eye, Small incision cataract surgery, Schirmers test 1, Tear film break up time, OSDI score.

[1]. Myron Y,Jay S.D. Text book of Ophthalmology.2nd edition:520.
[2]. Sun XG, Shi YY, Zhang C.Not to ignore the dry eye of cataract patients after surgery.Zhonghua Yan Ke Za Zhi.2008 Apr;44(4):291-2.
[3]. ArunKS, Alka G, Tulika D. Indiscriminate use of topical antibiotics: A menace. Indian J Ophthalmol 1999;47:121-4
[4]. Kavitachikannayakanahallivenugopal, Evaluation of Dryness of Eyes after Manual small incision cataract surgery with Sclerocorneal tunnel incision. journal of clinical and diagnostic research,2012 august,vol-6(6):1029-1033.

Abstract: INTRODUCTION Haemolytic disease of the newborn secondary to Rhesus-D isoimmunisation contributes significantly to perinatal morbidity and mortality. There is a need for adequate counselling of pregnant women regarding the importance of detection of blood grouping and Rh typing during the antenatal period in order to prevent haemolytic disease of the newborn. The aim of this study is to estimate the prevalence of Rhesus-negative pregnancy in the antenatal women and evaluate the maternal and foetal outcome during the period of September 2019 to August 2020....

Keywords: Rhesus factor, Rhesus Negative Blood Group, Rhesus D Isoimmunisation, Haemolytic disease of newborn

[1]. Agarwal S, Najam R, Chowdhary HH. Prevalence of rhesus negative pregnant population at a tertiary care hospital. Int J Sci Stud 2015:67-69
[2]. Avent ND. The rhesus blood group system: insights from recent advances in molecular biology. Transfus Med Rev 1999;13(4):245-266.
[3]. Lova A, Lamah MR, Haba NY, et al. Frequency of blood groups ABO and rherus D in the Guinean population. Transfus clin Biol 2007;14(5):435-439.
[4]. Okeke TC, Ocheni S, Nwagha UI, et al. The prevalence of rhesus negativity among pregnant women in Enugu, southeast Nigeria. Niger J Clin Pract 2012;15(4):400402.
[5]. Pramanik T, Pramanik S. Distribution of ABO and Rh blood groups Nepalese medical students. East Mediterr Health J 2000:6(1):156-158.

Abstract: Background: In the present situation of the pandemic COVID -19, the chief objective of the dentist is not only the proper management of the dental health problems in children but also ensure safety of the staff and also prevention of the transmission of the disease, following various protocols. Aim:Implementation of the minimally invasive dental treatment among 373 children with the thorough infection control protocols in the Governmentdentalhospital, Vijayawada, Andhra Pradesh. COVID-19 and Dental treatment:Non-invasive and minimally invasive dental restorative procedures were done by using the Fluoride Varnishes, Silver Diamine Fluoride, Casein.....

Key words: COVID-19 pandemic;oral hygiene management; aerosol freedentistry; Minimal invasive dentistry

[2]. Wu JT, Leung K, Leung GM. Nowcasting and forecasting the potential domestic and international spread of the 2019-nCoV outbreak originating in Wuhan C a modelling study. L [Internet]. 2020;395(10225):689–97.
[3]. Zhou P, Yang X Lou, Wang XG, Hu B, Zhang L, Zhang W et al. A pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat origin. N [Internet]. 2020;579(7798):270–3.
[4]. Pediatric V, Health O, In C. ORIGINAL RESEARCH PAPER Dr . Sarish Mahajan Post graduate Student final year Department of Pedodontics and Preventive. 2020;(6):15–6.
[5]. Cao Y, Deng Q, Dai S. Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID- 19 . The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect the company ' s public news and information. 2020;(January)..

Abstract: Traditionally dentists believe replacement of all missing lost teeth is necessary to meet functional demands of the patient and to preserve integrity of the masticatory apparatus. Not replacing all the lost teeth is believed to affect TMJ and supporting tissues of teeth. Dr MM De Van through his works and observations concluded that perpetual preservation of what is remaining is more important than replacing what is lost. Many times replacing minimum number of teeth or maintaining few teeth in oral cavity is enough to meet patient's esthetic and functional demands. Shortened Dental Arch (SDA) concept has evolved through the works of dutchprosthodontistArnd Keyser and collegues 1981,who studied the dynamics of having shortened dental arch and its impact on masticatory efficiency and on masticatory apparatus. Implant supported overdenture is also proved to be the most accepted treatment...

Keywords: full mouth rehabilitation, shortened dental arch concept, implant supported overdenture.

[1]. Kayser A. Shortened dental arch: a therapeutic concept in reduced dentitions and certain high-risk groups. Int J PeriodonRestor Dent 1989;9(6):426.
[2]. Mosnegutu A, Wismeijer D, Geraets W (2015) Implant-supportedmandibularoverdentures can minimize mandibular bone resorption in edentulous patients: Results of a long-term radiologic evaluation. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 30: 1378-1386.
[3]. Käyser A, Witter D, Spanauf A. Overtreatment with removable partial dentures in shortened dental arches. Aust Dent J 1987;32(3):178-182.
[4]. Käyser A. Shortened dental arches and oral function. J Oral Rehabil 1981;8(5):457-462.
[5]. Witter D, Haan A, Käyser A, Rossum G. A 6-year follow-up study of oral function in shortened dental arches—part I: occlusal stability. J Oral Rehabil 1994;21(2):113-125.

Abstract: An ideal treatment approach for dental patients is to preserve the remaining teeth. In distal extension situations, we either opt for Cast partial dentures or implant supported prosthesis.Occlusal Plane correction is required for multiple missing teeth. The Broadrick occlusal plane analyzer (BOPA) is one of the important methods for plane correction. This case presentation provides an insight for the practitioner to discuss the patient's expectations and to outline both favorable and unfavorable short and long term outcomes. In this case report, steps of plane correction and fabrication of fixed dental prosthesis in mandibular arch, and cast partial denture in maxillary arch is explained in detail.

Keywords: CPD, removable dental prosthesis, BOPA, Fixed dental prosthesis

[1]. Frank RP, Milgrom P, Leroux BG, Hawkins NR. Treatment outcomes with mandibular removable partial dentures: a population-based study of patient satisfaction. J Prosthet Dent 1998; 80(1):36-45.
[2]. Shah R, Aras M. Esthetics in Removable Partial Denture-A Review. Kathmandu Univ Med J 2013;44(4):344-348.
[3]. King GE. Dual-path design for removable partial dentures.The Journal of prosthetic dentistry.1978;39(4):392-5.DOI: 10.1016/S0022-3913(78)80154-1.
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Abstract: Background: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) refers to a phenomenon in which there is development of resistance to antimicrobial agents by a micro-organism to which they were previously sensitive. It is one of the most serious problem to global public health. Isolation of alarming rates of Multi-Drug Resistance Gram-negative bacilli among the in-patients were observed at the Bacteriology Section of Microbiology Department which prompted this study in collaboration with Department of Surgery. Aims and Objectives: To assess the antimicrobial resistance profile of bacterial isolates from clinical samples of patients admitted in a tertiary care hospital of North-East India. Materials and Methods: This is a hospital-based cross sectional study conducted in the Department of Microbiology during the period from November 2018 to October 2019. The clinical specimens from indoor patient departments (IPD) were included......

Key Words: Antimicrobial resistance, IPD, Surveillance..

[1]. Hart CA, Kariuki S. Antimicrobial resistance in developing countries. BMJ.1998;317(7159):647
[2]. World Health Organization, Essential Drugs Monitor: Antimicrobial Drug Resistance: A Global Threat, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland, 2000
[3]. Pfeifer Y, Cullik A, Witte W, "Resistance to cephalosporins and carbapenems in Gram-negative bacterial pathogens," International Journal of Medical Microbiology 2010;300(6): 371–379.
[4]. Allen HK, Donato J, Wang HH, Cloud-Hansen KA, Davies J, Handelsman J.Call of the wild: antibiotic resistance genes in natural environments. Nat Rev Microbiol. 2010; 8(4):251.
[5]. Arias C.A, Murray B.e. Antibiotic-resistant bugs in the 21st century- a clinical super-challenge. The New England Journal of Medicine. 2009; 360(5):439-443.

Abstract: Aim: To evaluate the role of diode laser in the management of glaucoma patients at King Hussein Medical Center. Method: this is a retrospective study which was conducted at the ophthalmology department of KHMC. All glaucoma patients who underwent diode laser between Jan 2015 and Aug. 2017 were included in this study. The medical records of the patients were reviewed regarding age, sex, medical diseases, surgical history, past ocular history, type of glaucoma, visual acuity, intraocular pressure before and after treatment, number of medications used, and postoperative complications. The obtained data were collected, analyzed and compared. Patients with thin sclera, who underwent previous trans-scleral cyclo cryoablation and patients with short term follow up (less than 4 months) were excluded from.......

Keywords: cyclodiode laser, refractory glaucoma. *Ophthalmologist, Department of Ophthalmology, Royal Medical Services

[1]. www.WHO.int/blindness/causes/en/. 2010; Global data on visual impairment].
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[3]. CUNNINGHAM Jr. E.T., LIETMAN T.M., WHITCHER J.P. − Blindness: a global priority for the twenty-first century. Bull. W.H.O., 2001;79: 180.
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[5]. Gedde SJ, Heuer DK, Parrish RK 2nd; Tube Versus Trabeculectomy Study Group. Review of results from the Tube Versus Trabeculectomy Study. Curr Opin Ophthalmol. 2010 Mar;21(2):123-8.

Abstract: Ectopic eruption of tooth in dental structures is acommon entity whereas ectopic eruption of tooth in non-dentate regionsare infrequent. The main aim of this report is to give an overview of the clinical presentation, diagnosis and surgical management of the ectopic tooth in maxillary sinus. We present a 13 years old male with ectopic tooth in left maxillary sinus. CT scan suggested ectopic tooth in left maxillary sinus with odontogenic cyst.Patient underwent transnasal endoscopic middle meatal antrostomy with enucleation of cyst. No sign of recurrence after the surgical procedure..

Keywords: ectopic tooth;maxillary sinus;transnasal approach; endoscopic; dentigerous cyst; odontogenic cyst

[1]. Topal Ö, Dayısoylu EH. Ectopic Tooth in the Maxillary Sinus. Turk Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2017 Sep;55(3):151-152. doi:10.5152/tao.2017.2308. Epub 2017 May 22. PMID: 29392075; PMCID: PMC5782996.
[2]. Baykul T, Doğru H, Yasan H, Cina Aksoy M. Clinical impact of ectopic teeth in the maxillary sinus. Auris Nasus Larynx. 2006 Sep;33(3):277-81. doi:10.1016/j.anl.2006.01.004. Epub 2006 May 3. PMID: 16675177.
[3]. Guruprasad Y, Chauhan DS, Kura U. Infected dentigerous cyst of maxillary sinus arising from an ectopic third molar. J Clin Imaging Sci. 2013 Aug 31;3(Suppl 1):7. doi: 10.4103/2156-7514.117461. PMID: 24516770; PMCID: PMC3906662.
[4]. AlKhudair B, AlKhatib A, AlAzzeh G, AlMomen A. Bilateral dentigerous cysts and ectopic teeth in the maxillary sinuses: A case report and literature review. Int J Surg Case Rep. 2019;55:117-120. doi: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2019.01.012. Epub 2019 Jan 29. PMID: 30716705; PMCID: PMC6360269.
[5]. Viterbo S, Griffa A, Boffano P. Endoscopic removal of an ectopic tooth in maxillary sinus. J Craniofac Surg. 2013 Jan;24(1):e46-8. doi: 10.1097/SCS.0b013e31826d07d0. PMID: 23348335..

Abstract: Introduction: Acute cholecystitis is an acute inflammatory condition of the gall bladder; 95% of cases of acute cholecystitis are due to an obstructing calculus in the gall bladder neck or cystic duct.1The pathophysiology of acute cholecystitis is complex and not completely understood. In 96% of cases there are gallstones, and typically, a calculus causes cystic duct obstruction. Materials and Methods: Data of patients who were diagnosed to have acute cholecystitis on Computed Tomography CT between the year 2018 to 2019 were included in the study. Confirmed diagnosis of cholecystitis was obtained from histopathology those without confirmed diagnosis was excluded from study. Computed Tomography CT images of cases were......

Keywords: Acute cholecystitis, CT, Leukocytosis, MDCT.

[1]. Stinton, L. M., and Shaffer, E. A. (2012). Epidemiology of gallbladder disease: cholelithiasis and cancer. Gut and liver, 6(2), 172.
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[3]. Chawla, A., Bosco, J. I., Lim, T. C., Srinivasan, S., Teh, H. S., and Shenoy, J. N. (2015). Imaging of acute cholecystitis and cholecystitis-associated complications in the emergency setting. Singapore medical journal, 56(8), 438.
[4]. Shakespear, J. S., Shaaban, A. M., and Rezvani, M. (2010). CT findings of acute cholecystitis and its complications. American Journal of Roentgenology, 194(6), 1523-1529.
[5]. Leschka, S., Alkadhi, H., Wildermuth, S., and Marincek, B. (2005). Multi-detector computed tomography of acute abdomen. European radiology, 15(12), 2435- 2447..

Abstract: Introduction: Epilepsy is one of the most common neurological disorders, with the prevalence rate of being second only to stroke. The abrupt and repetitive nature of seizures can lead to many serious psychological problems, including stigma and patients with epilepsy (PWE) sometimes conceal their condition from their neighbors, relatives and even families, which can cause feelings of isolation and self-abasement. Seizures impact upon PWE in various ways, restrictions from driving, worries of seizure onset in public settings, low marriage rates, low education levels and low participation rates in entertainment activities. Depression and anxiety are the most common psychological comorbidities in PWE. Psychological comorbidity in PWE relating to depression has prevalence of 12-50% and for anxiety a prevalence of 4.3-52.1%. Recently the psychological status in caregivers of patients......

Keywords: Quality of life, Epilepsy, Depression, Anxiety, care giver burden.

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[3]. Strzelczyk A, Nickolay T, Bauer S, Haag A, Knake S, Oertel WH, et al. Evaluation of health-care utilization among adult patients with epilepsy in Germany. Epilepsy Behav 2012;23:451–7.
[4]. O'Dell C, Wheless JW, Cloyd J. The personal and financial impact of repetitive orprolonged seizures on the patient and family. J Child Neurol 2007;22:61S–70S.
[5]. Reynolds EH. ILAE/IBE/WHO Global Campaign "out of the shadows": global and regional developments. Epilepsia 2001;42:1094–100..

Abstract: The purpose of this article is to present a clinical case report of a 13-year-old patient with a Class II skeletal diagnosis and Class II Div 2 malocclusion, emphasizing the treatment plan, progress, and results obtained from the case, which was carried out with a non-extraction therapy divided into 2 phases. First, the use of a Pendulum Fixed Appliance (PFA), followed by therapy with fixed appliances, modifying the anchorage after the PFA with infra-zygomatic mini-screws (TAD´s) for improved skeletal anchorage.

Keywords: Class II , Distalization , Pendullum, TAD´s

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[2]. Brierley, C., DiBiase, A., & Sandler, P. (2017). Early Class II treatment. Australian Dental Journal, 62, 4–10. doi:10.1111/adj.12478
[3]. Quinzi, V., Marchetti, E., Guerriero, L., Bosco, F., Marzo, G., & Mummolo, S. (2020). Dentoskeletal Class II Malocclusion: Maxillary Molar Distalization with No-Compliance Fixed Orthodontic Equipment. Dentistry Journal, 8(1), 26. doi:10.3390/dj8010026
[4]. Díaz, I. V., Yáñez, L. D., & Katagiri, M. K. (2016). Uso del péndulo para distalización de molares: reporte de un caso. Revista Mexicana de Ortodoncia, 4(1), 36–42. doi:10.1016/j.rmo.2016.03.083
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