iosr-JDMS   Volume-20 ~ Issue-3 ~ March 2021

Abstract: To evaluate diabetes awareness among urban population of Purnea Eastern Bihar. BACKGROUND: Knowledge Awarnees &Practice data among general population of India is not much .As Diabetes is emerging as future medical Psunami diabetes knowledge &Practice are very essential to manage DM &their complication so that mortality &Morbidity can be decreased now &In Future . METHODS: A questionnaire based descriptive cross sectional study was performed during between 1 sep to 30sep2018 among Urban population visting a Urban health center Purnea eastern part of bihar . Descriptive and inferential statistics were applied using the By using Survey online calculator(https://www.surveysystem.com/sscalc.htm) . RESULTS: The overall knowledge score in both DM&Non DM subjects were GOOD in Rural population.Where as Attitude score were AVERAGE in both.......

[1]. Parivallal T. Diabetes in Ancient India. In: Mohan V, Rao Gundu HR, eds. Type 2 diabetes in South Asians: epidemiology, risk factors and prevention. New Delhi: Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers; 2007, 1–19
[2]. Global Report on Diabetes 2014WHO Excutive summary Globle Burden WHO :Global status report on non communicable disease2014
[3]. Global prevalence of diabetes estimates for the the year 2000&projection for 2030 Diabetes care 2004
[4]. th (4)IDF Diabetes Atlas 7 edition Global Burden
[5]. Moodley L, Rambiritch V. An assessment of the level of knowledge about diabetes mellitus among diabetic patients in a primary healthcare setting. South African Family Practice. 2007;49(10):16- 16d

Abstract: A pilonidal Sinus is a Sinus tract Which Commonly Contains hairs a it is acquired rather than a Congenital disorder patient Complains of intermittent pain, swelling and bloody discharged at the base of spine, with or without mild constitutional symptoms. patient complaining of discomfort with sitting on tailbone during sitting or during riding vehicles.Its incidence commonly seen in long route drivers.
In mild case treatment includes antibiotic therapy hot compression and application of depilatory cream but the more common course of treatment is surgical because of its chronicity. Pilonidal sinus is easily diagnosed by the typical location of the midline pits behind the anus overlying the sacrum and coccyx. Most sinuses are directed cephalic and lateral opening are characteristic if previous episodes of sepsis have occurred......

[1]. NHS Choices for pilonidal sinus treatment
[2]. Sternberg, Jeffrey. "what is pilonidal diseas". Retrived November 14, 2014
[3]. "Pilonidal Cyst: Cauese". Mayo Clinic. December 5, 2012. Retrived February 8, 2013.
[4]. Bascom, John: Bascon, Thomas (October 2002) "Failed Pilonidal Surgery". Archives of Surgery.
[5]. 137 (10): 1146-50. Doi:10.1001/archsurg. 137.10.1146. PMID 12361421..

Abstract: The study 'Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology A Diagnostic Aid In Breast Lump' was carried out in the department of general surgery of A J Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Mangalore over a period of two years from October 2016 to October 2018. The study group included 100 subjects who underwent FNAC. The study extensively proves that FNAC is certainly a diagnostic modality for patients presenting with breast lump. It demonstrates a high accuracy 97.4% and sensitivity of 96.8% with clinical diagnosis and histopathology.

Keywords: Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC), palpable breast lump

[1]. Orell SR, Sterret GF, Whitaker D. Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology, 5th edition, Churchill Livingston: Elsevier
[2]. Bibbo M, Wilbur DC. Comrehensive Cytopathology, 4th edition, Philadelphia: Saunders Elsevier
[3]. Muddegowda PH, Lingegowda JB, Kurpad R, Konapur PG, Shivarudrappa AS, Subramanian PM. The value of systematic pattern analysis in FNAC of breast lesions: 225 cases with cytohistological correlation. Journal of Cytology 2011: 23 (1): 13-18
[4]. Bilous M. Breast core needle biopsy: Issues and controversies. Modern Pathology
[5]. Non cancerous breast condition. USA: American Cancer Society; Available from: URL: http://www.cancer.org/healthy/findcancerearly/womenhealth/non-cancerousbreastconditions/non-cancerous-breast-conditions-finding-benign-br-cond

Abstract: The spectrum of disease in dengue infection caused by four serotypes (DEN-1 to DEN-4) range from a subclinical or mild illness to a severe form of hemorrhagic fever which may prove fatal [1]. The World Health Organization (WHO) has suggested a revised classification for the illness as dengue (± warning signs) and severe dengue [1]. However, the earlier WHO classification of dengue fever (DF), dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF), and dengue shock syndrome (DSS) is still widely followed in clinical practice [1]. Prior to 1970 only nine countries had experienced dengue hemorrhagic fever [2]. Today, dengue has spread to over 100 countries; this number includes those countries that were free from the disease 20 years ago [2]. Acute abdominal pain is one of the atypical presentations of dengue fever,......

[1]. Dengue Guidelines for diagnosis, treatment,prevention and control (2009)World Health Organization. New edition. Geneva, WHO Press. 3-12 p.
[2]. Chaturvedi UC and Nagar R (2008) Dengue and dengue haemorrhagic fever: Indian Perspective. J Biosci 33: 429- 441.
[3]. Imbert P, Sordet D, Hovette P, Touze JE (1993) Spleen rupture in a patient with dengue fever. Trop Med Parasitol 44: 327-328.
[4]. Pungjitprapai A and Tantawichien T (2008) A fatal case of spontaneous rupture of the spleen due to dengue virus infection: case report and review. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 39: 383-386.
[5]. edondo os o en ala art ne rellano a altiel me entili ede ma ssen eld ssen eld e (1997) Hemorrhagic dengue with spontaneous splenic rupture: case report and review. Clin Infect Dis 25: 1262-1263..

Abstract: Background/ Aims: Acute appendicitis is the most common cause of an 'acute abdomen' in young adults worldwide with a prevalence of approximately 7% of population. The diagnosis of acute appendicitis is essentially clinical; however, a decision to operate based on clinical suspicion alone can lead to removal of a normal appendix in 15-30% of cases. A number of clinical and laboratory based scoring systems have been devised to assist the diagnosis of acute appendicitis and themost widely used is the Alvarado (MANTRELS) score. The objective of the study is the likelihood of acute appendicitis can be ascertained using the Alvarado (MANTRELS) scoring system for early diagnosis and management of acute appendicitis at TRIHMS. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The present study was a retrospective.......

[1]. William NS, Bulstrede CJK, O' connell PR. The vermiform appendix. Bailyand Love's short practice of surgery . 25th edition. 2008;67: 1204-18.
[2]. Mahesh SV, Hota PK, Sneha P. A study of Alvarado score and its correlation with acute appendicitis. IntSurg J. 2016;3:1950-53.
[3]. Alvarado A.A practical score for the early diagnosis of acute appendicitis. Ann Emerg Med. 1986; 5:557-64.
[4]. Schogilev DJ, Duus N, Odom SR, Shapiro NI. Diagnosis appendicitis. Evidence based review of the diagnosis approach in 2014. West J Emerg Med. 2014; 15(7): 859-71.
[5]. Ergul E. Importance of family history and genetic for the prediction of acute appendicitis. Internet J surg. 2007; 10:12-15..

Abstract: Stress is any action that places special physical or psychological demands upon a person, anything that can unbalance his individual equilibrium. Work-related stress is a potential cause of concern in health care workers and is associated with decreased job satisfaction, days off work, anxiety, depression, sleeplessness, medical errors, and near misses. To compare stress levels in different groups of health care worker and identify causes of stress, we conducted a survey-based study at a super-specialty public sector hospital. The study was done using questionnaire-based tool which were given to 800 out of whom 438 responded. Respondents included doctors, engineers, health care administrators, students pursuing degrees in hospital administration, and other professionals. The questionnaire consists of indicators like behavioural indicators, sleep indicators, emotional indicators, physical indicators etc to measure the levels of stress. Each indicator consists of multiple questions which are rated from 5 to 1. The total score is used to grade stress levels as mild, moderate and severe..

Keywords: Stress, Medical practitioners, Stress management, Health status, Work stress

[1]. Fugel li P. The burned-out physician. Nord Med1987;102(12):360-362.
[2]. Wong JG. Doctors and stress. Med Bull 2008 Jun;13(6):4-7.
[3]. Gabbard, G.; Menninger, R. The psychology of the physician. In: Gabbard G, Menninger R, editors. Medical marriage. Washington (DC): APA Press; 1988. pp. 11-22.
[4]. Notman, M. Physician temperament, psychology, and stress. In: Goldman LS, Myers M, Dickstein L, editors. The handbook of physician health. Chicago (IL): AMA Press; 2000. pp. 39-51.
[5]. Gautam, M. Depression and anxiety. In: Goldman LS, Myers M, Dickstein L, editors. The handbook of physician health. Chicago (IL): AMA Press; 2000. pp. 80-94..

Abstract: Résumé Introduction : Les manifestations des néphrites interstitielles (NI) sont souvent variées et dites moins spécifiques. La certitude diagnostique repose sur la ponction-biopsie rénale(PBR). But : évaluer la place des manifestations clinico-biologiques dans le diagnostic des NI. Patients et méthodes Une étude rétrospective descriptive monocentrique portant sur l'ensemble des NI chez l'adulte confirmée à la PBR (entre 2010 et 2014). Les manifestations retrouvées étaient regroupées en six classes afin d'établir un score de présomption diagnostique (SPD): anamnèse (prise récente de toxique ou de médicament); clinique (fièvre; arthralgie; exanthème); biologique (insuffisance......

[1]. Ulinski T, Aoun B, Ulinski S. Néphrite tubulo-interstitielle. EncyclMédChir, Pédiatrie maladies infectieuses, 4-084-A-20. 2015, 4p.
[2]. Von Wattenwyl T, Sandoz P. Néphrites interstitielles aiguës. Forum Med Suisse. 2003 ; 38 : 891-7
[3]. Gauthier Th, Wauters JP. Les néphrites interstitielles aiguës. Médecine et hygiène. 2000 ; 58 (2289) : 434-8.
[4]. Peraldi MN. Insuffisance rénale aiguë. In :Kanfer A, Kourilsky O, Peraldi MN, Combe C. éd. Néphrologie et troubles hydroélectrolytiques. Paris : Masson ; 2014. p. 263-268.
[5]. Caillard S, Moulin B. Néphropathie interstitielle immuno-allergique. Réanimation. 2003 ; 12 (4): 306-312

Abstract: Total numbers of 1017 healthy primigravida were screened for Hb-varinats (HPLC) and body iron status (serum ferritin assay). 10.13% of screened women (103 out of 1017) presented with globin gene mutations. High iron status was found in 3.5% all cases. All these cases were related to globin gene disorders. High proportion of iron overload denies the justification of universal iron supplementation during pregnancy. Iron status should be assessed before therapy particularly for cases with Hb-variants. Further detailed studies should be undertaken for verification of findings of this pioneering work......

Key words: Iron supplementation during pregnancy, Iron overload, Hb-variant analysis

[1]. Allen LH. Anemia and iron deficiency: effects on pregnancy outcome. Am J Clin Nutr. 2000 May;71(5 Suppl):1280S-4S. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/71.5.1280s. PMID: 10799402.
[2]. Ministry of Health and Family Welfare.Review of the policy regarding micronutrients- Iron Folic Acid( IFA)2007[Internet].New Delhi: Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, April 2007[cited 2021 Feb22].Available from:https://nhm.gov.in/images/pdf/programmes/child-health/guidelines/goi_ifa.pdf
[3]. Pasricha, SR., Biggs, BA., Prashanth, N. et al. Factors Influencing Receipt of Iron Supplementation by Young Children and their Mothers in Rural India: Local and National Cross-Sectional Studies. BMC Public Health 11, 617 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-11-617.
[4]. Galanello, R., Origa, R. Beta-thalassemia. Orphanet J Rare Dis 5, 11 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1186/1750-1172-5-11.
[5]. Byatnal A, Byatnal AA, Parvathi Devi MK, Badriramkrishna B. β-Thalassemia hijacking ineffective erythropoietin and iron overload: Two case reports and a review of literature. J Nat Sci Biol Med. 2014 Jul;5(2):456-9. doi: 10.4103/0976-9668.136245. PMID: 25097435; PMCID: PMC4121935.

Abstract: Background: Beginning of degenerative cartilage damage heralds the onset of primary osteoarthritis of the knee joint. The pain associated with the cartilage damage occurs only after a certain degree of cartilage loss. After the damage exceeds a certain level, the pain and disability drive the patient to seek an active treatment. Soon, a stage is reached when patient is not able to tolerate the pain and agrees for a total knee arthroplasty. Objectives: The study aims to find out the histological stage, when surgeon and the patient reach a clinical end point where both the patient the surgeon reach to a consensus for a total knee arthroplasty. Materials & Methods: 50 consecutive patients posted for a total knee arthroplasty at a tertiary care center with a diagnosis of primary osteoarthritis were enrolled in the study from June 2013 to June 2015. The biopsy samples were obtained from the........

Keywords: Osteoarthritis, Histology , Arthroplasty, OARSI grading, Medial Compartment

[1]. Alice J. Sophia Fox, , AsheeshBedi, Scott A. Rodeo. The Basic Science of Articular Cartilage -Structure, Composition, and Function. Sports Health, 2009 Nov; 1(6): 461-8
[2]. Kang Q, LaBreck J, Gruber H, An Y. Histological techniques for decalcified bone and cartilage. Handbook of Histology Methods for Bone and Cartilage. 2003:209-19.
[3]. Pritzker KPH, Gay S, Jimenez SA, Ostergaard K, Pelletier JP, Revell PA et al. Osteoarthritis cartilage histopathology: grading and staging. Osteoarthritis Cartilage.2006;14(1):13-29.
[4]. R.J.H. Custers, L.B. Creemers, A.J. Verbout, M.H.P. van Rijen, W.J.A. Dhert, D.B.F. Saris. Reliability, reproducibility and variability of the traditional Histologic/Histochemical Grading System vs the new OARSI Osteoarthritis Cartilage Histopathology Assessment System. Osteoarthritis Cartilage, 15 (2007), pp. 1241-48.
[5]. H.J. Mankin, H. Dorfman, L. Lippiell, A. Zarins. Biochemical and metabolic abnormalities in articular cartilage from osteo-arthritic human hips.II. Correlation of morphology with biochemical and metabolic data. The Journal of Bone &JointSurgery.1971;53(3):523-37..

Abstract: Introduction: Orthodontic biomechanics and treatment planning are basically determined by periodontal factors. A magnificent orthodontic treatment can be destroyed by poor periodontal support. Hence, evaluation and maintenance of periodontal health before, during and after treatment is very important. To achieve this goal, a standard language between the periodontist and the orthodontist must always be established to eliminate the existing communications barrier, and to improve the outcomes of the whole treatment. Objective: The purpose of this article is to provide the basic understanding of the interrelationship between periodontics and orthodontics in adult patients. Methodology: A literature search was made in pub med and Google scholar for articles pertaining to the interrelationship between orthodontic treatment and periodontal conditions. The search terms used were Periodontal tissue response to orthodontic forces, effect of orthodontic bands on the periodontium, microbiology associated with orthodontic bands, relationship between orthodontic and periodontal therapy, retention of hopeless tooth........

Keywords: Multidisciplinary approach, periodontal health, orthodontic treatment, tissue response

[1]. Angle, E.H. Treatment of Malocclusion of Teeth, S. S. White Dental Manufacturing Comp., Philadelphia. 7th edn. 1907.
[2]. Ong MA, Wang H-L, Smith FN. Interrelationship between periodontics and adult orthodontics. J Clin Periodontol. 1998; 25: 271-272.
[3]. Zachrisson B. Orthodontics and periodontics. In Lindhe J (editor) Clinical periodontology and implant dentistry.5th ed. 2008: 1241-1263.[4]. Reitan K. Biomechanical principles and reactions. In current orthodontic concepts and techniques, eds. Graber, XM. & Swain, B.F, 1985: 101-192.
[5]. Gryson J. Changes in the periodontal ligament incident to orthodontic therapy. J West Soc Periodontol Periodontal Abstr. 1965; 13: 14-21.