iosr-JDMS   Volume-20 ~ Issue-3 ~ March 2021

Abstract: Background: The tibia is more commonly fractured and sustains an open fracture than any other long bones due to its subcutaneous position. Intramedullary interlocking (IMIL) tibial nailing has biological and biomechanical advantage over plate osteosynthesis, and is usually performed using an image intensifier. Among orthopaedic surgeons, radiation induced cancer is a growing problem. Hence, to replace/supplement freehand distal locking techniques, there is need to develop a radiation safe and a near perfect method. This nail over nail technique decreases our dependence on the image intensifier. This work will also help to introduce this mode of treating fractures in resource-poor regions of the world, where image intensifiers are not widely available........

Key Word: Intramedullary interlocking tibia nailing; Image Intensifier; Tibia fracture; Radiation Exposure.

[1]. Alho AN, Benterud JG, Høgevold HE, Ekeland AR, Strømsøe KN. Comparison of functional bracing and locked intramedullary nailing in the treatment of displaced tibial shaft fractures. Clin Orthop 1992 April; 277:243-50.
[2]. Rockwood A Charles, Green P David, Bucholz W Robert, Heckman D James. Rockwood and Green's fractures in adults (4th ed.). Lippincott-Raven 1996.
[3]. G.S. Kulkarni. Textbook of Orthopedics and Trauma. Jaypee Brothers: Medical Publishers (P.) Ltd 1999.
[4]. Steriopoulos KA, Kontakis GM, Katonis PG, Galanakis IA, Dretakis EK. Placement of the distal locking screws of the femoral intramedullary nail without radiation. Archives of orthopaedic and trauma surgery. 1996 Jan 1;115(1):43-4.
[5]. Gleeson NF, Nachinolcar UG. Management of fracture shaft of tibia interlocking nailing versus plating. Indian J Orthopaed. 1998; 32:103-6.

Abstract: Epidemiology and clinical features of scabies remain largely unknown in Bangladesh's rural communities. To fill this gap, we performed a cross-sectional study in three rural communities in north central Bangladesh. A total of 500 individuals were included and examined for scabies infestation; a questionnaire was applied to collect socio-demographic and behavioral data. Scabies was diagnosed in 325 (65.0%) participants. Excoriations (68.6%), vesicles (61.8%), and papules (58.8%) were common skin lesions. Itching was the most common symptom (77.5%); 64% complained of sleep disturbances. Lymphadenopathy was identified in 48.3%. Lesions were most encountered on the abdomen (35.5%), inguinal area (19.1%), and interdigital spaces (14.2%). Poverty-related variables........

Key Word: Scabies; epidemiology; parasitic skin disease; cross-sectional study.

[1]. Hay, R.; Steer, A.; Engelman, D.; Walton, S. Scabies in the developing world—Its prevalence, complications, and management. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. 2012, 18, 313–323. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[2]. Romani, L.; Koroivueta, J.; Steer, A.C.; Kama, M.; Kaldor, J.M.; Wand, H.; Hamid, M.; Whitfeld, M.J. Scabies and impetigo prevalence and risk factors in Fiji: A national survey. PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis. 2015, 9, e0003452. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[3]. Chosidow, O. Scabies. N. Engl. J. Med. 2006, 354, 1718–1727. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[4]. Murray, C.J.; Vos, T.; Lozano, R.; Naghavi, M.; Flaxman, A.D.; Michaud, C.; Ezzati, M.; Shibuya, K.; Salomon, J.A.; Abdalla, S. Disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) for 291 diseases and injuries in 21 regions, 1990–2010: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010. Lancet 2012, 380, 2197–2223. [CrossRef]
[5]. Karimkhani, C.; Colombara, D.V.; Drucker, A.M.; Norton, S.A.; Hay, R.; Engelman, D.; Steer, A.; Whitfeld, M.; Naghavi, M.; Dellavalle, R.P. The global burden of scabies: A cross-sectional analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015. Lancet Infect. Dis. 2017, 17, 1247–1254. [CrossRef].

Abstract: Background: Swimming have been an assessment to the physical ability of top athletes in portraying the performance limits of the human body. It is widely known that the right nutrition and exercise regimes are the main factors that contribute to the excellent physical performance of athletes. Athletic excellence depends on multi-factorials and socioeconomic status could be one of them. It is unknown if the socioeconomic status of a person can affect his/her own swimming performances, particularly among adolescent Indian swimmers. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine whether the socioeconomic status of adolescent Indians affect their swimming performances. Methodology: Seventy controls (no swimming training) and 35 swimmers (at least 1 year of swimming training) aged 15-18 from........

[1]. Habibi, Z., Beglou, N. A. B., Dana, A., Tarasi, Z. The relationship between socioeconomic status and extent of their participation in sports training in the Iranian track-and-field athletes. International Journal of Sport. 2011, Mar; 1: 67-69
[2]. Jeyapal, C. P., Prakash, P. S., Sivalingam, S. P. An investigation on the anthropometric profile and its relationship with physical performance of adolescent indian swimmers – A comparative study. IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences. 2017, Mar; 16(3): 118-126
[3]. Kamphius, B., Van Lethe, J., Giskes, K., Huisman, M., Brug, J., Mackenbach, P. Socioeconomic status, environmental, and individual factors, and sports participation. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2008, Jan; 40(1): 71-81
[4]. Moran, K., Podstawski, R., Mańkowski, S., Choszcz, D., Sarevic, Z., Socioeconomics influences on the water competencies of young adult polish males. Physical Culture and Sport. Studies and Research. 2017; 19
[5]. Nezhad, M. A. H., Rahmati, M. M., Nezhad, M. M. Relationship between social-economic status of family and adolescent students on sport participation. Annals of Biological Research. 2012, Mar; 3(8): 4012-4016.

Abstract: Various diagnostic techniques( both invasive and non invasive ) have been employed to obtain tissue for the diagnosis of intrathoracic lesions , ultrasonography being one of them. Ultrasonography (USG) provides a revolutionary advance in recent times in diagnosing pulmonary conditions.The ability to perform diagnostic procedures in real time and not expose the patient or the physician to radiation makes it an important diagnostic tool. Its safety and efficacy has been established in many diagnostic procedures including identifying the thoracentesis site, insertion of chest tubes, transthoracic fine needle aspiration biopsy (TTFNAB), diagnosis of pneumothorax, and, notably, detecting pleural fluid.Ultrasound.....

[1]. Khan, Rashid A et al. "Diagnostic Yield of Ultrasound-guided Trucut Biopsy in Diagnosis of Peripheral Lung Malignancies." Cureus vol. 11,6 e4802. 2 Jun. 2019, doi:10.7759/cureus.4802
[2]. Diacon AH, Schuurmans MM, Theron J, Schubert PT, Wright CA, Bolliger CT. Safety and yield of ultrasound-assisted transthoracic biopsy performed by pulmonologists. Respiration. 2004 Sep-Oct;71(5):519-22. doi: 10.1159/000080638. PMID: 15467331..

Abstract: Myringoplasty is the operation specifically designed to close tympanic membrane defects . The main aim of surgery of chronic ear disease is to eliminate disease process and reconstruct middle ear to give the patient a dry safe and functioning ear. In this study a clinical study of myringoplasty underlay technique in the management of central perforations done. Main emphasis is laid on evaluation of factors like Eustachian tube function, middle ear mucosa at operation, size of perforation, duration of otorrhoea, duration of deafness, sex distribution, age distribution in graft uptake after tympanoplasty. A series of patients treated in the Department of ENT, Government General Hospital, Kurnool during the period of two years is taken for the study..

Key Word: Tympanoplasty ,Graft uptake, Eustachian tube function, middle ear mucosa, Sex distribution, Otorrhoea duration

[1]. Jain K, Pandey A, Gupta S, Rahul. A Clinical Study of Hearing Outcome after Type I Tympanoplasty. IAIM, 2016; 3(10): 48-54. Page 48 Original Research Article A Clinical Study of Hearing Outcome after Type I Tympanoplasty
[2]. Masoud Naderpour,1 Yalda Jabbari Moghadam,*,1 Ensieh Ghanbarpour,1 and Nikzad Shahidi1 Evaluation of Factors Affecting the Surgical Outcome in TympanoplastyIran J Otorhinolaryngol. 2016 Mar; 28(85): 99–10 PMID: 27280095
[3]. Yojana Sharma,corresponding author Girish Mishra, and Jaykumar V. Patel Comparative Study of Outcome of Type I Tympanoplasty in Chronic Otitis Media Active Mucosal Disease (Wet Ear) Versus Chronic Otitis Media Inactive Mucosal Disease (Dry Ear) ndian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2017 Dec; 69(4): 500–503.Published online 2017 Oct 22. doi: 10.1007/s12070-017-1233-z PMID: 29238681
[4]. Nagle SK, Jagade MV, Gandhi SR, Pawar PV. Comparative study of outcome of type I tympanoplasty in dry and wet ear. Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2009;61:138–140. doi: 10.1007/s12070-009-0053-1.
[5]. Shankar R, Virk RS, Gupta K, Gupta AK, Bal A, Bansal S. Evaluation and comparison of type I tympanoplasty efficacy and histopathological changes to the tympanic membrane in dry and wet ear: a prospective study. J Laryngol Otol. 2015;129(10):945–949. doi: 10.1017/S0022215115002091.

Abstract: The controlling authority for medical education in India has finally taken the much needed decision to increase the course duration of the subject Forensic Medicine & Toxicology (FMT). The subject has been now included in the 3rd Professional MBBS (Part 1) thus increasing the duration of the course by nearly one year. There is now also provision for 15 days of elective internship posting in the subject. However these 15 days of training often are not optimally utilised as there is a lack of clear cut guideline regarding the matter. The MCI/NMC curriculum is vague and too much open for interpretation in this regard.1 So a standard curriculum which can easily be followed in all Medical Colleges of India is much necessary to ensure uniform standard of training.

Key Word: Forensic Medicine & Toxicology, Internship, Ethics, Medico-Legal, MBBS

[1]. NMC Guidelines regarding internship in forensic medicine https://www.nmc.org.in/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/GME_REGULATIONS-1.pdf page 90-91
[2]. The COPRA Act 2019 http://egazette.nic.in/WriteReadData/2019/210422.pdf
[3]. The POCSO act
[4]. Sharma, B & Harish, Dasari & Chavali, Krishnadutt. (2005). Teaching, training and practice of forensic medicine in India: An overview. Journal of the Indian Academy of Forensic Sciences. 27.

Abstract: Background: The lockdown measures imposed by the Government to curb corona virus had resulted in complete shutdown of all educational institutions. Since the traditional class room oriented learning was not possible, the only alternate to option to gain knowledge was through online learning. Aims and objectives: To assess effectiveness, acceptance and satisfaction of e-learning among preclinical prosthodontic students during Covid-19. Materials and Methods: A cross‑sectional observational study was conducted among preclinical prosthodontics dental students of various dental Colleges under Kerala University of Health Sciences (KUHS). An online structured self-explanatory questionnaire with a consent form attached to it was developed and the link of the questionnaire comprising.........

Key Word: Acceptance, Covid-19, Effectiveness, e-learning, preclinical prosthodontic students, satisfaction.

[1]. Rajhans V, Memon U, Patil V, Goyal A. Impact of COVID-19 on academic activities and way forward in Indian Optometry. Journal of optometry. 2020 Oct 1;13(4):216-26.
[2]. Jena PK. Online learning during lockdown period for covid-19 in India. International Journal of Multidisciplinary Educational Research (IJMER). 2020 May 31;9.
[3]. Ngampornchai A, Adams J. Students' acceptance and readiness for E-learning in Northeastern Thailand. International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education. 2016 Dec;13(1):1-3.
[4]. Linjawi AI, Alfadda LS. Students' perception, attitudes, and readiness toward online learning in dental education in Saudi Arabia: a cohort study. Advances in medical education and practice. 2018;9:855.
[5]. Shigli K, Jyotsna S, Rajesh G, Wadgave U, Sankeshwari B, Nayak SS, Vyas R. Challenges in learning preclinical prosthodontics: A survey of perceptions of dental undergraduates and teaching faculty at an Indian dental school. Journal of clinical and diagnostic research: JCDR. 2017 Aug;11(8):ZC01.

Abstract: Un nouveau coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) apparait à la fin d'année 2019 en Chine, et qui se diffuse à travers tout le monde, sa particularité au cours de la grossesse est en cours d'étude, mais les symptômes semblent identique à ceux de la population général, nous rapportons un cas diagnostiqué et prise en charge au service de gynéco-obstétrique I, CHU HASSAN II DE FES, un diagnostic clinique qui était pris à tort avec une chorioamniotite. Suspecté devant l'apparition secondaire des signes respiratoire et le prélèvement placentaire qui était négatif, le diagnostic à été confirmé par un PCR COVID, avec une évolution favorable, à travers ce cas clinique nous essayons de faire la mise au point cette association et la particularité de ce diagnostic différentiel.

Key Word: infection à Covid 19, grossesse, chorioamniotite

[1]. Liu Y, Chen H, Tang K, Guo Y. Clinical manifestations and outcome of SARSCoV- 2 infection during pregnancy. J Infect 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ ijgo.13146.
[2]. Chen H, Guo J, Wang C, Luo F, Yu X, Zhang W, et al. Clinical characteristics and intrauterine vertical transmission potential of COVID-19 infection in nine pregnant women: a retrospective review of medical records. Lancet 2020;395(10226):809–15.
[3]. Zhu H, Wang L, Fang C, Peng S, Zhang L, Chang G, et al. Clinical analysis of 10 neonates born to mothers with 2019-nCoV pneumonia. Transl Pediatr 2020;9(1):51–60.
[4]. Chen S, Huang B, Luo DJ, Li X, Yang F, Zhao Y, et al. Pregnant women with new coronavirus infection: a clinical characteristics and placental pathological analysis of three cases. Zhonghua Bing Li Xue Za Zhi 2020;49(0):E005.

Abstract: Objectives: To investigate and compare the effect on speech alteration, in orthodontic patients wearing Hawley's and vacuum formed retainers; by an objective acoustic analysis of vowels and consonants over an extended period of time. Materials and Methods: 66 subjects were randomly divided by block randomization and 5 subjects were failed to follow up, therefore two groups were: [1] The Hawley's retainer (31 subjects) and [2] the vacuum formed retainer group (30 subjects). The subjects were instructed to pronounce vowels [a, e, i, o, u] and consonants [t, d, n, s, z, m, n, c, h, g] & recorded.........

Key Word: Speech alteration, Hawley's retainer, vacuum formed retainer, Vowels, Consonants

[1]. Hawley CA. A removable retainer. Int J Orthod 1919; 5:291-305.
[2]. Ponitz RJ. Invisible retainers. Am J Orthod 1971; 59:266-72.
[3]. Reitan, K. 1967 Clinical and histologic observations on tooth movement during and after orthodontic treatment. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 53, 721–745
[4]. Benestry, J., Huang, Y.A., eds. Springer Handbook of Speech Processing. Springer, Berlin, Germany, 2008; 7–26.
[5]. Chen J, Wan J and Lun Y. Speech and orthodontic appliances: a systematic literature review. Eur J Orthod 2017: 1–8

Abstract: Background: Dyslipidemia is one of the major risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. The role of increased low density lipoprotein has been widely studied and accepted culprit. Hypertriglyceridemia has also been seen as one of common dyslipidemia and important risk factors for atherosclerotic vascular disease and other disease like pancreatitis. This study aimed to see the baseline clinical profile and associated conventional risk factors among hypertriglyceridemic persons. Materials & Methods:A descriptive cross-sectional study conducted in Manmohan Memorial Community Hospital, Kathmandu Nepal from March2019 to.........

Key Word: Dyslipidemia, Hypertriglyceridemia, Triglyceride

[1]. Grundy SM, Mok HY, Zech L, et al. Transport of very low density lipoprotein triglycerides in varying degrees of obesity and hypertriglyceridemia. J Clin Invest 1979;63:1274−83.
[2]. Ford ES, Giles WH, Dietz WH. Prevalence of the metabolic syndrome among US adults: findings from the third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. JAMA. 2002; 287(3):356-9.
[3]. Saklayen MG. The Global Epidemic of the Metabolic Syndrome. CurrHypertens Rep. 2018;20: 12.
[4]. Leaf DA. Hypertriglyceridemia:A Guide to Assessment and Treatment. Hospital Physician.2008;32:17-23.
[5]. Simons-Linares CR, Jang S, Sanaka M, et al. The triad of diabetes ketoacidosis, hypertriglyceridemia and acute pancreatitis. How does it affect mortality and morbidity?: A 10-year analysis of the National Inpatient Sample. Medicine (Baltimore). 2019;98(7):e14378.

Abstract: Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) is an unpredictable iatrogenic emergency condition mainly due to idiosyncratic reaction to antipsychotic agent use. A 34 yrs old married female with past history of significant psychiatric illness presented to our ward with symptoms of decreased sleep, abnormal behaviour, irrelevant talk, suspiciousness and fearfulness for 1 month. On admission diagnosis of schizophrenia was made and patient was started on haloperidol. She developed high grade fever without chills and rigors on the 2nd day with fluctuating BP, tachycardia,icterus with increased muscle tone and rigidity. As her condition deteriorated on the 3rd day, all antipsychotics were stopped and a diagnosis of NMS was made and aggressive medical management started to revive the patient.This case shows the need for early diagnosis and prompt management to reduce morbidity and mortality

Key Word: NMS, Neuroleptic malignant syndrome, Antipshychotic drug

[1]. Berman BD. Neuroleptic malignant syndrome: a review of neurohospitalists. Neurohospitalist.2011 Jan:1(1):41-7
[2]. Adnet P, Lestavel P, Krivosic-Horber R. Neuroleptic malignant syndrome.Br J Anaesth 2000;85(1):129-35.
[3]. Delay J, Deniker P. Drug-induced extrapyramidal syndromes. In: Vinken DJ, Bruyn GW, editors. Handbook of clinical neurology. Amsterdam: North-Holland Publishing; 1968. p. 248-66.
[4]. Gurrera RJ, Caroff SN, Cohen A, Carroll BT, De Roos F, et al. (2011) An international consensus study of neuroleptic malignant syndrome diagnostic criteria using the Delphi method. Journal of Clin Psychiatry 72(9): 1222-1228.
[5]. Strawn JR, Keck PE Jr, Caroff SN. Neuroleptic malignant syndrome. Am J Psychiatry. 2007;164:870–876

Abstract: Résumé Introduction : De nos jours, la sexualité reste considérée comme un sujet tabou et sensible dans le milieu urbain et pourtant, elle se vit déjà dès la naissance pour s'accentuer à la puberté. Le but de notre étude est d'évaluer les connaissances, attitudes et pratiques de la sexualité des étudiants de la faculté de médecine de l'université de Lubumbashi. Méthode : Etude descriptive transversale menée à la faculté de médecine au mois de Décembre 2018 portant sur 422 volontaires ayant rempli un questionnaire. Les logiciels Epi info7 et Microsoft Excel ont servi pour analyser les données.......

Key Word: Sexualité- Etudiants - faculté de Médecine-Lubumbashi-RDC

[1]. Guiella G, Woog V. Santé sexuelle et reproductive des adolescents au Burkina Faso: Résultats d'une enquête nationale en 2004. Occas Rep. 2006;21:49‑90.
[2]. Mukadi RT, Ntambwe MSM, Kitoko HT, Mwisi JM, Mbayo FI. Sexualité des jeunes en milieu scolaire dans la ville de Likasi en République Démocratique du Congo. Pan Afr Med J. 2018;31.
[3]. Boislard Pépin M-A. Précocité sexuelle et comportements sexuels à risque à l'adolescence: étude longitudinale des facteurs individuels, familiaux, dans le groupe d'amis et contextuels associés [PhD Thesis]. Université du Québec à Montréal; 2010.
[4]. LA SEXUALITÉ DEGS, DE LA REPRODUCTION ELS. La jeunesse en Afrique sub-saharienne. 2001;
[5]. Akibu M, Gebresellasie F, Zekarias F, Tsegaye W. Premarital sexual practice and its predictors among university students: institution based cross sectional study. Pan Afr Med J. 2017;28(1).

Abstract: Introduction: Zonular dehiscence is not rare for cataract surgeon. Many surgeons are now performing phacoemulsification with CTR. With the help of CTR, they are performing phacoemulsification, implanting IOL, and helping patients to restore vision. A traumatic cataract with segmental zonular lysis (with remaining strong zonules) may need to be handled differently from a case of pseudo exfoliation with generalized zonular weakness. After insertion of a CTR, phacoemulsification with foldable acrylic PC IOL implantation was performed. Posterior capsule rupture, vitreous loss, best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), intraocular pressure (IOP) in the pre- and postoperative periods and postoperative IOL decent ration were recorded. Aim of the study: To assess the visual acuity in patients undergone cataract surgery with CTR of zonular dehiscence........

Key Word: Cataract Surgery, Zonular Dehiscence, Acuity, Visual, Phacoemulsification

[1]. Jacob S, Agarwal A, Agarwal A, et al. Efficacy of a capsular tension ring for phacoemulsification in eyes with zonular dialysis. J Cataract Refract Surg 2003; 29:315–321.
[2]. Bayraktar S, Alton T, Kucuksumer Y, Yilmaz OF. Capsular tension ring implantation after capsulorhexis in phacoemulsification of cataracts associated with pseudo exfoliation syndrome. Intraoperative complications and early postoperative findings. J Cataract Refract Surg 2001; 27:1620–1628.
[3]. Gimbel HV, Sun R, Heston JP. Management of zonular dialysis in phacoemulsification and IOL implantation using the capsular tension ring. Opthalmic Surg Lasers 1997; 28:273–281.
[4]. Kohnen T, Baumeister M, Buhren J. Scheimpflug imaging of bilateral foldable in-the-bag intraocular lens implantation assisted by a scleral –sutured capsular tension ring in Marfan's syndrome. J Cataract Refract Surg 2003; 29: 598–602.
[5]. Osher RH. History and experience with capsular tension rings. In: Cataract and Refractive Surgery Today. January 2005. pp. 1–5.

Abstract: Résumé : Le goitre ovarien (Struma ovarii) est défini par la présence de plus de 50% du tissu thyroïdien dans une tumeur ovarienne, il est généralement considéré comme tératome uni-tissulaire mature. Nous rapportant deux observations des patientes qui ont été prise en charge dans notre service gynéco-obstétrique I, CHU HASSAN II DE FES. A travers ces observations nous essayons de cerné les aspects clinique, radiologiques ainsi que la prise en charge thérapeutique. Les monts clés : goitre ovarien bénin, Struma ovarii, tératome ovarien, anatomopathologie.

[1]. Bournaud C, Neel M, Decaussin M, Carreau A, Bertholon-Grégoire M, Orgiazzi J. Les goitres ovariens. In: Guéritée N, Leclère J, editors. Mises au point cliniques d'Endocriologie, nutrition et métabolisme, Paris. 2004. p. 193–206.
[2]. Roth LM, Talerman A. The enigma of struma ovarii. Pathology 2007;39:139-146.
[3]. Talerman A. Germ cell tumors of the ovary. In: Kurman RJ (ed.). Blaustein's Pathology of the Female Genital Tract (5rd edn), New York: Springer Verlag; 2001:967-1035
[4]. Makani S, Kim W, Gaba AR. Struma ovarii with a focus of papillary thyroid cancer: a case report and review of the literature. Gynecol Oncol 2004;94:835–9.
[5]. Weinberger V, Kadlecova J, Minář L, Felsinger M, Anton M, Ovesna P, Bednaříková M, Číhalová M, Jandáková E, Hausnerová J, Zikán M. Struma ovarii - ultrasound features of a rare tumor mimicking ovarian cancer. Med Ultrason. 2018 Aug 30;20(3):355-361. doi: 10.11152/mu-1526. PMID: 30167590..