iosr-JDMS   Volume-20 ~ Issue-4 ~ April 2021

Abstract: Introduction: The earliest clinical evidence of nephropathy is presence of microalbuminuria in urine. Newly diagnosed type 2 diabetics can have microalbuminuria shortly after diagnosis. Timely intervention at this stage can prevent or even halt nephropathy progression. We aim to study the presence of microalbuminuria in new diabetic patients, which will help in further appropriate management Methods:This was cross sectional observational study.Total of 100 consecutive patients of type 2 DM diagnosed within last 6 months irrespective of treatment were enrolled. Evaluation included brief questionnaire followed by clinical examination. Twenty four hour urinary proteinuria was done in all patients fulfilling inclusion criteria. Association between microalbuminuria and various other risk factors were studied....

Keywords: type 2 diabetes mellitus, microalbuminuria, incipent nephropathy, overt nephropathy

[1]. Sharma SK, Karki P, Shrestha NR, Gupta P, Baral N. Diabetic kidney disease- anemerging epidemic in Nepal. Hong Kong J Nephrol. April 2004.Vol 6. No 1: 4212
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[3]. Braunwald E, Fauci AS, Kasper DL, HauserSL, LongoDL, Jameson JL. Principles of Internal Medicine, 17th Edition, Vol 2 New York, McGraw- Hill. 2288
[4]. Evans T C, Capell P, Diabetic Nephropathy. Clinical Diabetes. Vol. 18 N0. 1 Winter 2000
[5]. American Diabetes Association. Diabetes Care. 2004 Jan; 27 Suppl 1:S5-S10.

Abstract: Purpose: To assess the satisfaction level of the beneficiaries who receive cataract surgery from a rural level of health center. Methods: Cross Sectional Observational study was conducted in a rural eye hospital in Norshingdifor a period of the year from 1st July 2009 to 30 June 2010. We included 150 patients with the complaints of gradual painless loss of vision. Among them 102 cases of cataract patient were studied in this study. Results: Among the 102cataract cases male were 60 cases and female were 42 cases. Most of patients (72 cases, 70.59%) were involved in 61- 80 years. The mean ages of the patients are 71 years. 64 cases (62.74%) were unilateral cataract and 38 cases (37.26%) were bilateral cataract. Mature cataracts were 58 cases (56.86%) and hyper mature cataract were 36 cases (35.30%) among the study subjects. Educational qualification was studied. Illiterate.....

Key Word: Cataract, Cataract surgery, Visual outcome, Age

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[4]. Oladigbolu KK, Rafindadi AL, Mahmud-Ajeigbe AF, Chinda D, Pam V, Samaila E. Outcome of cataract surgery in rural areas of Kaduna State, Nigeria. Ann Afr Med 2014;13:25-9.
[5]. Wasfi, E.I., Pai, P. &Abd-Elsayed, A.A. Patient satisfaction with cataract surgery. Int Arch Med 1, 22 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1186/1755-7682-1-22

Abstract: Background :Securing the airway with endotracheal tube is one of the most important skill in anaesthesia .The placement of endotracheal tube can be expectedly or unexpectedly difficult or times impossible .Difficult and failed tracheal intubation remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in anaesthesia Direct laryngoscopy has been the standard technique for tracheal intubation. Video laryngoscopy is a newer device developed recently for the management of difficult airway. Airtraq is a recent device which provides improved laryngeal visualization ,alignment between the mouth ,larynx and trachea is not necessary, as like direct laryngoscope. King Vision video laryngoscope is a new intubation device that has been developed for the management of normal and difficult airway.......

Key words: Airtraq; Kingvision videolaryngoscope; Intubation;

[1]. Elhadi SM, Rady WK, Elfadly AM. A comparative study between the macintosh laryngoscope and the king vision video laryngoscope in endotracheal intubation. Research and Opinion in Anesthesia and Intensive Care. 2016 Oct 1;3(4):168.
[2]. Maassen RL, Pieters BM, Maathuis B, Serroyen J, Marcus MA, Wouters P, van Zundert AA. Endotracheal intubation using videolaryngoscopy causes less cardiovascular response compared to classic direct laryngoscopy, in cardiac patients according a standard hospital protocol. Acta Anaesthesiologica Belgica. 2011 Dec;63(4):181-6.
[3]. Buhari FS, Selvaraj V. Randomized controlled study comparing the hemodynamic response to laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation with McCoy, Macintosh, and C-MAC laryngoscopes in adult patients. Journal of Anaesthesiology Clinical Pharmacology. 2016 Oct 1;32(4):505.
[4]. Murphy LD, Kovacs GJ, Reardon PM, Law JA. Comparison of the king vision video laryngoscope with the macintosh laryngoscope. The Journal of emergency medicine. 2014 Aug 31;47(2):239-46.
[5]. Ali QE, Amir S, Jamil S, Ahmad S. A comparative evaluation of the Airtraq and King Vision video laryngoscope as an intubating aid in adult patients.Acta Anaesth Belg .2015,66 , 81-85..

Abstract: Paclitaxel is a drug with antineoplastic activity which is used in treatment of various cancers like breast, ovarian, lung and other solid tumors including head and neck cancers. The major side effect associated with paclitaxel are bone marrow suppression, alopecia, polyneuropathy and cardiac toxicities. We here, report a case of middle aged male patient diagnosed with oral cancer who developed Acute Coronary Syndrome after starting Paclitaxel infusion. Acute MI can occur due to Paclitaxel administration which is rare but life threatening adverse drug event.

Key words: Paclitaxel, NSTEMI, Cardiotoxicity

[1]. Laher S, Karp SJ. Acute myocardial infarction following paclitaxel administration for ovarian carcinoma. Clinical Oncology. 1997 Jan 1;9(2):124-6.
[2]. Honda Y, Grube E, de la Fuente LM, Yock PG, Stertzer SH, Fitzgerald PJ. Novel drug-delivery stent: intravascular ultrasound observations from the first human experience with the QP2-eluting polymer stent system. Circulation. 2001 Jul 24;104(4):380-3.
[3]. Honda Y, Grube E, de la Fuente LM, Yock PG, Stertzer SH, Fitzgerald PJ. Novel drug-delivery stent: intravascular ultrasound observations from the first human experience with the QP2-eluting polymer stent system. Circulation. 2001 Jul 24;104(4):380-3.
[4]. Pulte D, Brenner H. Changes in survival in head and neck cancers in the late 20th and early 21st century: a period analysis. The oncologist. 2010 Sep;15(9):994.
[5]. Alzahrani R, Obaid A, Al-Hakami H, Alshehri A, Al-Assaf H, Adas R, Alduhaibi E, Alsafadi N, Alghamdi S, Alghamdi M. Locally Advanced Oral Cavity Cancers: What Is The Optimal Care?. Cancer Control. 2020 Apr 22;27(1):1073274820920727.

Abstract: Significant upper gastrointestinal bleeding (HDH) can be life-threatening. Splenic artery aneurysm (ASA) is a rare etiology. We report the case of a 72-year-old woman who presented to the emergency room following HDH made up of several episodes of high abundance of hematemesis associated with hemodynamic instability, due to an aneurysm of the splenic artery fistulized in the 'stomach. She underwent an embolization of the splenic artery (SA) which is currently considered the first-line treatment, and the major risk of which is the occurrence of a splenic infarction. In this case, it has been shown that embolization of a ruptured PAC is conservative and effective treatment.

Keywords: splenic artery aneurysm; CT angiography; Upper gastrointestinal bleeding; arterial embolization.

[1]. Beaussier M. Sur un aneurisme de l'artère splénique dont les parois se sont ossifies. J Med Clin Pharm. 1770;32:157.
[2]. Al-Habbal Y, Christophi C, Muralidharan V. Aneurysms of the splenic artery—a review. Surgeon 2010;8:223–31. doi:10. 1016/j.surge.2009.11.011. 2.
[3]. Ravi Maharaj. Et al ,A rare case of massive lower gastrointestinal bleeding from a ruptured splenic artery aneurysm,Journal of Surgical Case Reports, 2018;2, 1–4
[4]. Ierardi AM. Endovascular retreatment of a splenic artery aneurysm refilled by collateral branches of the left gastric artery: a case report. J Med Case Reports 2014;8:436 doi:10. 1186/1752-1947-8-436
[5]. J. BOWERS et al . Rupture of a splenic artery aneurysm into the pancreatic duct , GASTROENTEROLOGY 70:1152-1155, Vol. 70, No.6 , 1976

Abstract: 1. Introduction: Speech is the primary mode of human communication, but its acquisition appears to rely upon auditory experiences during a critical period between the age of birth to 3yrs. Screening is one of the most important methods of early diagnosis hearing loss. Brain stem response audiometry is the method of choice for accurate detection of hearing threshold. The present study emphasizes the importance of using ABR as a screening tool for the detection of hearing impairment at an early stage which would have otherwise got unnoticed till about 2-3yrs. 2. Material and Method: The study was conducted on thirty normal and thirty high risk infants referred to the department of ENT, Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi.......

Key words: Infant; Brainstem Evoked Response Audiometry; High risk factors; Joint Committee on Infant Hearing.

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[3]. American speech – language – hearing association. (2007). Executive summary for JCIH year 2007 position statement: Principles and guidelines for Early Hearing Detection and Intervention Programs. Available from www.asha.org.
[4]. Zamani A., Daneshjou K., Ameni A. et al. "Estimating the incidence of neonatal hearing loss in high risk neonates." Acta Medica Iranica, vol.42,no.3(2004)
[5]. Reddy M.V., Bindu L.H., Rani P.U., et al., "Postnatal risk factors of congenital hearing impairment: Otitis Media, Head injuries and Convulsions." Int J Hum Genet, 6(3):191-193(2006).

Abstract: Background: Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic diseases characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from defects in insulin secretion and insulin action or both. BMI is association between degree of obesity, body fat distribution and weight gain with subsequent consequence of Type II diabetes have been examined in several perspective studies. The present study aims to determine the BMI ranges in type II diabetic male and female subjects in North Indian. Materials and Methods: This is ancase control study was conducted in the Department of Anatomy and Medicine, IIMS & R, Integral University, Lucknow.The total subjects was 200 and categorized was divided in further groups to (a)To evaluate the gender distribution of cases and controls.(b) Comparison of BMI between cases and controls according......

Key Words: Body mass index;Diabetes mellitus;Non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus;Waist to hip ratio;Waist circumference

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Abstract: Objective: To review the role of cutaneous vesicostomy in the management of posterior urethral valve(PUV) ,in infants and children.
Methods: A retrospective review of 25 patients with PUV who had vesicostomy as the initial management.Demographics and clinical informations were reviewed. Results: Age at presentation was 29 days to 13 years(mean 2.8 years).The mode of presentation was poor urinary stream in 15 patients(60%), urinary retention in 4(16%), renal failure in 5(20%) and 1 patient(4%) presented with fever(due to urinary tract infection). The most common clinical feature was palpable bladder. Abdominal ultrasonogram showed hydronephrosis....

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[2]. Nasir AA,Ameh EA,Abdur Rahaman LO,Adeniran JO,Abraham MK.Posterior urethral valve.World J Pediatr.2011;7:205-16.
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Abstract: Introduction: As per NFHS-4, the unmet need for modern contraception for the women in Manipur was more than double compare to national level (30.1% vs 12.9%). Hence, it is very necessary to understand in depth the determinants of unmet need of modern contraceptives from the point of women of reproductive age group as well as health care providers. Materials & methods: A mixed study was conducted in public health facilities of Imphal west district, Manipur in the month of February, 2020 among reproductive age group and health care providers. Data were collected by In-depth interview (IDI), Focus group discussion (FGD) and using a checklist. Thematic analysis was done for qualitative data and frequency, percentage, mean, SD were used for quantitative data. Results: Total 15 health centre...

Keywords: Unmet need for contraceptives, family planning, health care provider

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[3]. NFHS-4 Manipur. Available at http://rchiips.org/nfhs/NFHS-4Reports/Manipur.pdf. Accessed on 25th January 2020.
[4]. Manipur census 2011[10screen]. Available at https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/ 1406_PART_B_DCHB_IMPHAL%20WEST.pdf. Accessed on 25th January 2020.
[5]. Maternal death report. SRS. 2014-2016. Available at: https://censusindia.gov.in/vital/ statistics/SRS_Bulletins/MMR%20Bulletin-2014-16.pdf. Accessed on 29th January, 2020.
[6]. NQAS guideline (HWC, PHC, CHC, DH) - 2013. Available at http://qi.nhsrcindia. org/ national-quality-assurance-standards. Accessed on 29th January 2020.

Abstract: Background: Accurate assessment of spleen volume (SV) is used in the clinical treatment of patients with various diseases. The Present study was conducted to see the association between splenic volume with age and sex among the adult population.
Material and methods:The present cross-sectional study was done on 160 participants with male female ratio 1:1.Mean with 95% Confidence interval (CI) and correlation coefficient were calculated and graphical presentation done using scatter diagram. Independent-t test and one way ANOVA test was performed and significance level consider at 5 %.......

Keywords: Age, Correlation, Female, Male, Spleen

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[2]. Benter, T., Klühs, L., &Teichgräber, U.Sonography of the spleen. Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine,2011; 30(9), 1281-1293.
[3]. Swirski, F. K., Nahrendorf, M., Etzrodt, M., Wildgruber, M., Cortez-Retamozo, V., Panizzi, P., ...&Pittet, M. J. Identification of splenic reservoir monocytes and their deployment to inflammatory sites. Science, 2009;325(5940), 612-616.
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Abstract: Background: Carpal Tunnel Syndrome is a neuromuscular disorder, which commonly affects dentists. This syndrome represents the most common compressive mononeuropathy of the upper limb and leads to pain, significant disability, and reduction in strength. Physical therapy is widely used, relatively inexpensive, non-invasive, and easy to apply. Ergonomics is an applied science concerned with designing products and procedures for maximum efficiency and safety. The study aimed to find the effectiveness of physiotherapy intervention along with ergonomics among dentists with carpal tunnel syndrome and determine the better of these for benefit of patients.
Materials and Methods: In this prospective randomized controlled study, a 6-week intervention study, 30 participants with features of carpal......

Keywords: Carpal Tunnel Syndrome, Grip Strength, Dentist, Ergonomics, Symptom severity scale, Functional Status scale

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Abstract: Although the emergence of new coronavirus diseases, probablyoriginating from bats in China, had been predicted by early March 2019[1], no international preventive action was taken. Finally, after severalcases of pneumonia with an unfamiliar etiology were observed at theend of 2019, the National Health Commission of China released moredetails about the epidemic in early 2020 [2]. The causative virus wasinitially called novel coronavirus 2019"(2019-nCoV) by the WorldHealth Organization (WHO), but it was then renamed as "severe acuterespiratory syndrome coronavirus 2" (SARS-CoV-2) by the internationalcommittee of the Coronavirus Study Group (CSG), and the diseasecalled coronavirus disease 2019"(COVID-19) by WHO [3]. Thehuman-to-human transmission of this virus through coughing, sneezing,and the spread of respiratory droplets or aerosols was accepted. In addition, almost all countries in continents throughout the world reporteddisease spread caused by aerosol penetration into the upper therespiratory.....

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